Bristol

city in South West England, United Kingdom

32 dated entries naming Bristol, drawn from 31 separate years between 1142 CE and 1980 CE. Nothing here is written by us: each line is the sentence a Wikipedia year article used, and the link beside it opens the exact revision.

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12th century

1142Autumn – The 9-year-old Henry of Anjou, a son of Empress Matilda, lands on the south coast of England with his uncle, Earl Robert of Gloucester and several knights. Henry travels to Bristol, centre of Angevin opposition to King Stephen, where he is educated by Master Matthew. Meanwhile, Robert captures Lulworth Castle, Rufus Castle ("Bow and Arrow Castle") on the Isle of Portland and Wareham Castle.source
1155Henry II grants the city of Bristol ('Brycgstow') a Royal charter, and is divided between Gloucestershire and Somerset (until 1373).source

13th century

1209Black Monday, Dublin: A group of 500 recently arrived settlers from Bristol are massacred by warriors of the Irish O'Byrne clan. The group (accompanied by women and children) leaves the safety of the walled city of Dublin to celebrate Easter Monday near a wood at Ranelagh, and are attacked without warning. Although a relatively obscure event in history, it is commemorated by a mustering of the Mayor, Sheriffs, and soldiers on the day, as a challenge to the native tribes for centuries afterwards.source
1209Easter Monday – Black Monday: A group of 500 settlers recently arrived in Dublin from Bristol are massacred without warning by warriors of the Gaelic O'Byrne clan near a wood at Ranelagh.source
1254King Henry III of England grants his eldest son the Lord Edward areas of land including crown lands in Wales, Ireland, the Channel Islands and Gascony. He is also given the cities of Bristol, Stamford and Grantham. The reason for these concessions is to give Edward experience of governing lands of his own before becoming a king. Edward is granted the Three Castles in Wales, Skenfrith Castle, White Castle and Grosmont Castle.source

14th century

1308June 25 – Piers Gaveston is exiled for the second time by the Parliament, due to possible corruption and exploited personal gains. As compensation for the loss of the Earldom of Cornwall, which is another condition of his exile, Gaveston is granted land worth 3,000 marks annually in Gascony. Further to this, he is appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland – so that a certain amount of honour can be maintained despite the humiliation of the exile. Gaveston is also threatened with ex-communication by Pope Clement V. Edward II accompanies him to Bristol, from where he sets sail for Ireland.source
1373August 8 – Bristol perambulation: Bristol is made a county corporate, the first town in he Kingdom of England outside London to be granted this status.source

15th century

1457Unknown – Robert Sturmy sails from Bristol on his unsuccessful attempt to break the Italian monopoly on trade in the Eastern Mediterraneansource
1497May 20 – Italian-born explorer John Cabot sets sail from Bristol in England, on the ship Matthew (principally owned by Richard Amerike), looking for new lands to the west (some sources give a May 2 date).source
1498May – In "early May", the John Cabot expedition departs from Bristol on a second expedition westward to find a sea route between England and Japan.source

16th century

1502Bristol merchants return from Newfoundland (first so named this year from a letter) to England, carrying three native people and cod from the Grand Banks.source
1566September 6 – an English expedition under Colonel Edward Randolph sets out from Bristol for Lough Foyle.source
1577September 23 – The first Inuit to see Europe— Kalicho, Arnaq, and Arnaq's son, Nutaaq— are brought as captives of Martin Frobisher when HMS Gabriel arrived in England at Bristol. All three were captured on Baffin Island, and none of the three survive to the end of the year.source

17th century

1610July 5 – John Guy sets sail from Bristol, with 39 other colonists, for Newfoundland.source
1645March 4 – English Civil War: Prince Rupert leaves Oxford for Bristol.source
165624 October – Quaker James Nayler re-enacts the arrival of Jesus in Jerusalem at Bristol, for which he is arrested for blasphemy.source
1679Undated – Bristol Baptist College, the world's first Baptist College, is founded by local merchant Edward Terrill.source

18th century

17381 July – William Champion of Bristol patents a process to distill zinc from calamine using charcoal in a smelter.source
1747Liverpool becomes the busiest slave trading port in Britain, overtaking Bristol.source
17842 August – the first mail coach runs between Bristol and London.source
1786Wills, Watkins & Co. open a tobacconists’ shop in Bristol which will become W.D. & H.O. Wills.source
179818 September – Lyrical Ballads, with a Few Other Poems by William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge is first published anonymously in Bristol, marking the beginning of English literary Romanticism. Most of the poems are by Wordsworth, including Lines composed a few miles above Tintern Abbey on revisiting the banks of the Wye during a tour, 13 July 1798, but also including the first publication of Coleridge's The Rime of the Ancyent Marinere. First London publication is on 4 October.source

19th century

180625 October - The sloop Margaret, on a voyage from Bristol, Gloucestershire to Greenock, Renfrewshire, is wrecked near Holyhead, Anglesey, with the loss of all on board.source
1815A twice-weekly boat service between Cardiff and Bristol is established.source
18178 January – Theophilus Shepstone, British administrator in South Africa is born in Westbury-On-Trym near Bristol, England.source
1831October 29 – The 1831 Bristol riots ("Queen Square riots") in Bristol (England) begin, in connection with the Great Reform Bill controversy. Quelled by the authorities and the military on October 31, 100 city centre properties are destroyed, at least 120 are estimated to have been killed, 31 of the rioters will be sentenced to death and a colonel facing court-martial for failure to control the riot commits suicide.source
183719 July – The Isambard Kingdom Brunel-designed steamship SS Great Western is launched in Bristol.source
1843July 19 – Isambard Kingdom Brunel's SS Great Britain is launched from Bristol; it will be the first iron-hulled, propeller-driven ship to cross the Atlantic Ocean.source
1890May 12 – The first ever official English County Championship cricket match begins in Bristol; Yorkshire beats Gloucestershire, by eight wickets.source

20th century

1914June 29 – The International Exhibition opens at the "White City", Ashton Gate, Bristol. It closes on August 15, and the site is used as a military depot.source
197310 April – A plane on route from Bristol, England to Basel crashes into a hillside while approaching the airport killing 108 out of the 145 people on board.source
1980April 2 – The St Pauls riot breaks out in Bristol.source