Technology & Infrastructure in the 12th century

22 sourced entries, 1100 CE to 1199 CE, oldest first. Also see Technology & Infrastructure across every century or everything else in the 12th century.

• 1100Intense urban activity in north and central Europe: Kalmar (Kungälv) and Varberg (Sweden) are chartered; The cities of Aach (southern Germany) and Nakléřov in Bohemia are created. The castle of Burg Eppstein is built in central Germany.source
• 1116Construction starts on the Chennakeshava Temple (located on the Yagachi River) commissioned by King Vishnuvardhana at Belur in India.source
• 1118Zwickau, Eisenstadt, Kirchgandern, and Wolfenbüttel are first mentioned.source
• 1128July 27 – The city of Bruges in Flanders (modern Belgium) receives its city charter as well new walls, and canals are built.source
• 1129Burgsteinfurt Castle is built in what is now Steinfurt (modern Germany).source
• 1131Construction begins on the Beisi Pagoda in Jiangsu Province (approximate date).source
• 1132Barnwell Castle is erected in Northamptonshire.source
• 1144The city of Ljubljana (modern Slovenia) is first mentioned in historical records.source
• 1146The city of Bryansk (modern Russia) is first mentioned in the Hypatian Codex.source
• 1148An Italian silk industry is started at Palermo by Roger II, who takes numbers of silk workers back from Greece.source
• 1150Cubbie Roo's Castle is built on Wyre (Orkney Islands) and is first mentioned in the Orkneyinga Saga.source
• 1151Anping Bridge is completed in China's Fujian province. Its total length will not be exceeded until 1846.source
• 1155Jaisalmer Fort, located in the Indian state Rajasthan, is constructed by the Rajput ruler Rawal Jaisal (approximate date).source
• 1163The Guanfuchang salt-fields (官富場) in Hong Kong (modern-day To Kwa Wan, Kowloon Bay, Kwun Tong and Lam Tin districts) are first officially operated by the Song dynasty.source
• 1173August 8 – The construction of a campanile, which will become the Leaning Tower of Pisa, begins.source
• 1175The Chinese court establishes several government-paper money factories in the cities of Chengdu, Hangzhou and Huizhou. In Hangzhou alone a daily workforce of more than 1,000 men is employed.source
• 1183Joseph of Exeter writes the first account of a sport resembling cricket.source
• 1192August 21 – Minamoto no Yoritomo is granted the title of shōgun, thereby officially establishing the first shogunate in the history of Japan.source
• 1192The Lugouqiao (later the Marco Polo) Bridge is completed in Beijing.source
• 1194May 2 – Richard I grants Portsmouth market-town status with a royal charter. He orders the construction of docks on The Solent – having seen that the harbour is a perfect base for trade and the English fleet.source
• 1197King Richard I of England (the Lionheart) has Château Gaillard (Normandy) built on the Seine River as he fights to restore Angevin power in northern France (approximate date).source
• 1199St. Laurence's Church, Ludlow, in England is rebuilt.source