1128 CE

Battle of São Mamede: Count Alfonso I (Henriques) defeats the forces led by his mother, Queen Theresa of Portugal, near Guimarães, and gains control of the county. Alfonso styles himself "Prince of Portugal". Conrad III, anti-king of Germany, is crowned "King of Italy" by Archbishop Anselmo della Pusterla at Monza in Lombardy. Waverley Abbey is founded by Bishop William Giffard in the south of England. The first abbot and 12 Cistercian monks are brought from L'Aumône Abbey in Normandy.

In the 1120s, the 12th century.

Geopolitics & Diplomacy

  • January 15: Lý Dương Hoán became the king of Đại Việt, ascending to the throne as Emperor Lý Thần Tông.source
  • February – Saint-Omer and Ghent declare for Thierry (Theoderic) in his challenge to his cousin William Clito for the County of Flanders.source

Conflict & Security

  • June 21 – Battle of Axspoele in Flanders: William, with his Norman knights and French allies, defeats Thierry, who is forced to flee to Bruges and then to Aalst where he is besieged.source
  • June 24 – Battle of São Mamede: Count Alfonso I (Henriques) defeats the forces led by his mother, Queen Theresa of Portugal, near Guimarães, and gains control of the county. Alfonso styles himself "Prince of Portugal".source
  • Jin–Song Wars: Emperor Gaozong of the Song dynasty establishes a new capital at Yangzhou, while the government retreats south, after Jurchen forces capture the previous capital of Kaifeng in the Jingkang Incident.source
  • Forces of the kingdom of Champa invade Đại Việt.source
  • Byzantine–Hungarian War: Emperor John II Komnenos defeats the Hungarians and their Serbian allies at the fortress of Haram (or Chramon), which is modern-day Nova Palanka.source

Religion & Belief

  • June 29 – Conrad III, anti-king of Germany, is crowned "King of Italy" by Archbishop Anselmo della Pusterla at Monza in Lombardy.source
  • August – Pope Honorius II invests Roger II of Sicily as duke of Apulia at Benevento, after his failure to form a coalition against Roger.source
  • November 24 – Waverley Abbey is founded by Bishop William Giffard in the south of England. The first abbot and 12 Cistercian monks are brought from L'Aumône Abbey in Normandy.source
  • Honorius II recognizes and confirms the Order of the Knights Templar. The French abbot Bernard of Clairvaux codifies the rule of the Order. Hugues de Payens, French Grand Master of the Order, visits both England and Scotland, where he raises men and money for the Order.source
  • Holyrood Abbey is founded in Edinburgh by King David I of Scotland.source
  • Kelso Abbey is founded by Scottish monks of the Tironensian Order.source

Technology & Infrastructure

  • July 27 – The city of Bruges in Flanders (modern Belgium) receives its city charter as well new walls, and canals are built.source

Culture & Society

  • June 17 – King Henry I of England marries his only legitimate daughter, dowager Empress Matilda, to the 14-year-old Geoffrey Plantagenet ("the Fair"), count of Anjou, at Le Mans.source

Births

  • March 18 – Stephen of Tournai, French bishop (died 1203)source
  • Ludwig II ("the Iron"), landgrave of Thuringia (died 1172)source
  • Ruzbihan Baqli, Persian poet and mystic (died 1209)source
  • Absalon, Danish archbishop and statesman (died 1201)source
  • Lorcán Ua Tuathail, Irish archbishop of Dublin (died 1180)source
  • Adolf II, count of Schauenburg and Holstein (died 1164)source
  • Muhammad II ibn Mahmud, Seljuk sultan (died 1159)source
  • Ali ibn Muhammad ibn al-Walid, Arab theologian (died 1215)source
  • Alain de Lille, French theologian and poet (approximate date)source
  • Constance of Hauteville, princess of Antioch (died 1163)source
  • John Kontostephanos, Byzantine aristocratsource
  • Taira no Norimori, Japanese nobleman (suicide 1185)source
  • John Doukas Komnenos, Byzantine governor (died 1176)source
  • St. Laurence O'Toole, (died 1180) or Lorcán Ua Tuathail, was born at Castledermot, County KildareIrelandsource

Deaths

  • January 1 – Albero I, prince-bishop of Liège (born 1070)source
  • February 12 – Toghtekin, Turkish ruler of Damascussource
  • June 2 – Pier Leoni (Petrus Leo), Roman consulsource
  • July 20 – Al-Ma'mun al-Bata'ihi, Fatimid vizier (born c. 1086)source
  • July 28 – William Clito, count of Flanders (born 1102)source
  • July 28 – William Clito dies as a result of a wound received at the siege of Aalst a fortnight earlier, leaving Thierry as sole claimant to the County of Flanders. He sets up his seat of government at Bruges and King Louis VI ("the Fat") of France agrees to his accession.source
  • July – Warmund (or Gormond), patriarch of Jerusalemsource
  • August 10 – Fujiwara no Kiyohira, Japanese samurai (born 1056)source
  • September 5 – Ranulf Flambard, Norman bishop of Durhamsource
  • November 26 or 28 – Geoffrey Brito (or le Breton), archbishop of Rouensource
  • December 4 – Henry II, Margrave of the Nordmark, German nobleman (born 1102)source
  • December 15 – Fulco I, Margrave of Milan, Lombard noblemansource
  • Jimena Muñoz (or Muñiz), Spanish noblewomansource
  • Ibn Tumart, Almoravid political leader (or 1130)source
  • Mac Aodh Ua Dubhda, King of Uí Fiachrach MuaidheIrelandsource