1177 CE

Treaty of Venice: Frederick I Barbarossa acknowledges Alexander III as Pope, after a diplomatic mediation by Venetian doge Sebastiano Ziani. Council of Oxford: Prince John is made Lord of Ireland and speculative grants of the kingdoms of Cork and Limerick are made to Norman vassals. Royal administrators are also assigned to Leinster. Battle of Montgisard: Baldwin IV of Jerusalem and Raynald of Chatillon defeat Saladin.

In the 1170s, the 12th century.

Geopolitics & Diplomacy

  • August 1 – The Holy Roman Empire renounces any claims on the territory of Rome.source
  • 1 August − Holy Roman Empire renounces any claims on the territory of Rome.Italysource
  • Treaty of Venice : The Treaty of Venice or Peace of Venice, 1177, was an important peace treaty between the papacy and its allies, the north Italian city-states of the Lombard League, and Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor. The Norman Kingdom of Sicily also took part in negotiations and the treaty thereby determined the political course of all Italy for the next several years.Italysource

Conflict & Security

  • January–February – John de Courcy begins his conquest of Ulster, seizing Dun de Lethglas (Downpatrick).Irelandsource
  • June – John de Courcy defeats the last King of Ulster, Ruaidrí mac Con Ulad Mac Duinn Sléibe, in battle, going on to establish his capital at Carrickfergus and begin construction of Dundrum Castle in County Down.Irelandsource
  • November 25 – Battle of Montgisard: Baldwin IV of Jerusalem and Raynald of Chatillon defeat Saladin.source
  • A civil war breaks out in the Republic of Florence, between the Uberti Family and their consular opponent.source
  • The Cham sack the Khmer capital of Angkor. The date is disputed.source
  • During the winter, the Estonians attack Pskov.source
  • Casimir II overthrows his brother Mieszko III the Old, to become High Duke of Poland.source
  • The sons of Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair, High King of Connacht, rebel against him.Irelandsource

Religion & Belief

  • 13 February Joan of England (October 1165 – 4 September 1199) the seventh child of Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine married William II of Sicily at Palermo Cathedral.Italysource
  • March 16 – The Spanish Award is signed and witnessed by, among others, Robert III de Stuteville and John of Greenfordsource
  • March – Treaty of Venice: Frederick I Barbarossa acknowledges Alexander III as Pope, after a diplomatic mediation by Venetian doge Sebastiano Ziani.source
  • May – Council of Oxford: Prince John is made Lord of Ireland and speculative grants of the kingdoms of Cork and Limerick are made to Norman vassals. Royal administrators are also assigned to Leinster.Irelandsource
  • September 27 – Pope Alexander III sends a letter to Prester John, believing he is real.source
  • Puigcerdà is founded by Alfonso II of Aragon.source
  • possible date – Richard FitzNeal begins to write his treatise Dialogus de Scaccario ("Dialogue concerning the Exchequer") in England.source
  • Abbas Benedictus becomes abbot of Peterborough in England.source
  • Byland Abbey is established on its final site in Yorkshire, England, by the Cistercians.source
  • The union of Egypt and Syria under Sultan Saladin Yusuf ibn Ayyub, the foundation of the Ayyubid Sultanate.source
  • Hugh de Lacy, Lord of Meath, built a motte-and-bailey fortification at Clonard, County Meath. It is still a well-known landmark in the village.Irelandsource
  • Tyrell, Baron of Castleknock, granted lands at Kilmainham to the Priory of St. John of Jerusalem (Knights Hospitallers)Irelandsource
  • Consecration of The Chiesa di San Salvatore (of the Holy Saviour) in Venice, by Pope Alexander IIIItalysource

Technology & Infrastructure

  • Construction of the Romanesque Basilica of San Lorenzo in VeronaItalysource

Health & Medicine

  • Roger de Moulins becomes Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller.source

Disasters & Accidents

  • During the third year of the Angen era in Japan, a fire devastates Kyoto.source

Culture & Society

Births

  • February/March – Philip of Swabia, rival of Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor (died 1208)source
  • August – Baldwin V, King of Jerusalem (died 1186)source
  • Prithviraj Chauhan, Indian ruler of Ajmer (died 1192)source
  • Sylvester Gozzolini, Italian founder of the Sylvestrines (died 1267)source
  • Marie of Oignies, French beguin (died 1213)source
  • Saint Sylvester Gozzolini (Italian: Silvestro Guzzolini; 1177 – 26 November 1267), an Italian saint, the founder of the religious order known as the SylvestrinesItalysource

Deaths

  • January 13 – Henry II, Duke of Austria (born 1107)source
  • January – Eystein Meyla, leader of the Birkebeiner in Norway. (born 1157)source
  • January – Eystein Meyla, leader of the Birkebeiner in Norway, is killed. Sverre Sigurdson (Later, King Sverre I, of Norway) becomes the new leader.source
  • June – William of Montferrat, Count of Jaffa and Ascalon, father of Baldwin V of Jerusalem (born early 1140s)source
  • probable – Hugh Bigod, 1st Earl of Norfolk (born 1095)source
  • Moscow is burned down by Gleb I, prince of Ryazan, and its inhabitants are killed.source
  • Áed in Macáem Tóinlesc, king (killed)Irelandsource
  • In Timpanach Ua Connicén, poet (murdered)Irelandsource
  • Áed in Macáem Tóinlesc, King of Ailech, is killed and deposed by Máel Sechlainn mac Muirchertaig Mac Lochlainn.Irelandsource