1235 CE

Siege of Constantinople: The Byzantine emperor John III Doukas Vatatzes and the Bulgarian tsar Ivan Asen II besiege Constantinople in an attempt to take it from its Latin rulers, John of Brienne and Baldwin II. Angelo Sanudo successfully negotiates a two-year truce. A Chinese text of this year records that Hangzhou City, the capital of the Song dynasty, has various social clubs that include a West Lake Poetry Club, the Buddhist Tea Society, the Physical Fitness Club, the Anglers' Club, the Occult Club, the Young Girls' Chorus, the Exotic Foods Club, the Plants and Fruits Club, the Antique Collectors' Club, the Horse-Lovers' Club, and the Refined Music Society. Connacht in Ireland is finally conquered by the Hiberno-Norman Richard Mór de Burgh; Felim Ua Conchobair is expelled.

In the 1230s, the 13th century.

Geopolitics & Diplomacy

  • Connacht in Ireland is finally conquered by the Hiberno-Norman Richard Mór de Burgh; Felim Ua Conchobair is expelled.source
  • Final conquest of Connacht by Richard Mor de Burgh. Felim mac Cathal Crobderg Ua Conchobair is expelled, but allowed to rent five "King's Cantreds".Irelandsource

Conflict & Security

  • Siege of Constantinople: The Byzantine emperor John III Doukas Vatatzes and the Bulgarian tsar Ivan Asen II besiege Constantinople in an attempt to take it from its Latin rulers, John of Brienne and Baldwin II. Angelo Sanudo successfully negotiates a two-year truce.source
  • Approximate date – Battle of Kirina: Mandinka prince Sundiata Keita defeats Sosso king Soumaoro Kanté, beginning the Mali Empire. By tradition, the Manden Charter, a constitution, is proclaimed in Kouroukan Fouga.source

Religion & Belief

  • Elizabeth of Hungary (died 1231) is canonized by Pope Gregory IX.source

Crime & Justice

  • A general inquisition begins in France.source

Culture & Society

  • Probable date – Lancaster Royal Grammar School is founded in the north of England.source
  • A Chinese text of this year records that Hangzhou City, the capital of the Song dynasty, has various social clubs that include a West Lake Poetry Club, the Buddhist Tea Society, the Physical Fitness Club, the Anglers' Club, the Occult Club, the Young Girls' Chorus, the Exotic Foods Club, the Plants and Fruits Club, the Antique Collectors' Club, the Horse-Lovers' Club, and the Refined Music Society.source

Births

  • November 2 – Henry of Almain, King of the Romans (died 1271)source
  • Arnold of Villanova, Spanish alchemist and physician (died 1311)source
  • Qian Xuan, Chinese painter (died 1305)source
  • Ramon Llull, Catalan writer and philosopher (died 1315)source
  • Pope Boniface VIII (approximate date; d. 1303)source

Deaths

  • September 5 – Duke Henry I of Brabant (born 1165)source
  • September 21 – King Andrew II of Hungary (born 1175)source
  • November 5 – Elisabeth of Swabia, queen consort of Castile and León (born 1205)source
  • Rabbi David Kimhi, French Biblical commentator (born 1160)source
  • Ibn al-Qabisi, Iraqi linguist (born 1163)source
  • Andronikos I Gidos, Emperor of Trebizondsource
  • Madudan Óg Ó Madadhan, King of Síol Anmchadha.Irelandsource