/year

September 5 in history

226 sourced entries recorded on September 5, from 322 BCE to 2025 CE. Every line is quoted from the revision it came from.

Events

  • 322 BCECraterus arrives to defeat the Athenians in the Battle of Crannon. This battle marks a complete victory for Antipater in the Lamian War.source
  • 917The Great Yue Kingdom, later renamed Southern Han, is founded by Liu Yan, former governor and military advisor, in Panyu (modern Guangdong) and Guangxi. Liu Yan declares himself emperor, and gives his niece Liu Hua in marriage to Wang Yanjun, a son of his rival Wang Shenzhi (Prince of Min), to cement a relationship between the two states.source
  • 1158Emperor Go-Shirakawa of Japan abdicates the throne after a 3-year reign. He is succeeded by his 15-year-old son Nijō as the 77th emperor. Go-Shirakawa retains power, and gives Kiyomori Taira a higher position to lead a samurai-dominated government.source
  • 1174Canterbury Cathedral is severely damaged in a fire.source
  • 1191Richard I dispatches envoys to request for peace talks and meets Al-Adil under a flag of truce. Saladin allows the Crusaders to forage in the Forrest of Arsuf. But Richard is in no mood for actual negotiations and demands nothing less than the cession of Palestina. Al-Adil at once breaks off the negotiations. Richard orders his forces to march quietly through the woods, and the Crusaders manage to reach the limits of the forest unhindered and unharmed. The Crusaders pitch their tents in the "Rochetaille" and rest for the night.source
  • 1217September 5 or 6 – Negotiations between Louis VIII of France and regent William Marshal, on behalf of the young King Henry III of England start at either Staines on 6 September, because the royal court was nearby at Chertsey or possibly on 5 September on an island of the Thames near Kingston.source
  • 1229A Catalan-Aragonese expeditionary army under King James I (the Conqueror) embarks with 155 ships, 1,500 knights and 15,000 men from Tarragona, Salou, and Cambrils, in southern Catalonia. He sets sail to conquer Majorca. On December 31, James finally conquers the island from the Almohad ruler, Abu Yahya.source
  • 1307Pope Clement V issues a papal bull confirming that the island of Rhodes, now one of the Dodecanese islands of Greece, will be the property of the Knights Hospitaller.source
  • 1316The coronation of Jacques Deuze as Pope John XXII takes place at Avignon in France, as he becomes the 196th pontiff of the Roman Catholic Church. His papacy will last until 1334.source
  • 1320Delhi's Sultan Khusrau Khan, who betrayed and murdered Qutbuddin Shah earlier in the year to become ruler in India, is himself betrayed and murdered by his governor, Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq, who founds Delhi's Tughlaq dynasty. Sultan Ghiyath appoints military governors in Punjab and Sindh province, who manage to halt Mongol incursions towards the sultanate.source
  • 1350Hook and Cod wars in the County of Holland: Conservative noblemen found the Hook League and sign the Hook Alliance Treaty.source
  • 1395The Kingdom of Nepal comes under the joint rule of brothers Jayadharma, Jayajyotir and Jayakiti Malla upon the death of their father, King Jayasthiti.source
  • 1395Gian Galeazzo Visconti is crowned as the first Duke of Milan.source
  • 1413The "Ordonnance cabochienne" is repealed by the French government and King Charles's powers are restored.source
  • 1427A French Army relief force of 1,600 soldiers, led by Jean de Dunois, ends the siege of Montargis by luring the English Army into a trap. The Montargis defenders open the city gates and the English are attacked from two sides, losing more than 1,000 men and all of their artillery.source
  • 1445In Switzerland, troops from the Canton of Zürich launch a new attack on Brugg in the Canton of Aargau, but their raid is detected before they can reach the city and the Zurich troops are repelled. The troops then pillage surrounding villages.source
  • 1450Three months after the close of the last session, King Henry VI summons the members of the English Parliament to assemble at Westminster on November 6.source
  • 1494The Kingdom of Portugal ratifies its agreement with Spain, the Treaty of Tordesillas, conceding that Spain has jurisdiction of most of the New World, with the exception of what will eventually become the Portuguese colony of Brazil, initially a longitude of 42°30' W.source
  • 1494The first Battle of Rapallo is fought between the Kingdom of Naples and Swiss mercenaries hired by France.source
  • 1520The Siege of Stockholm is put to an end after a peace treaty between Christian II and Christina Gyllenstierna, were full amnesty are guaranteed all the participants in the Swedish rebellion against Denmark.source
  • 1559The papal conclave to elect a new pope opens 18 days after the death of Pope Paul IV at the Apostolic Palace in Rome with 47 of the 55 Roman Catholic cardinals present. The conclave lasts 101 days before a successor to Pope Paul is elected.source
  • 1571John Erskine, Earl of Mar is selected by the Scottish royal family to be the new Regent of Scotland to rule on behalf of the 5-year-old King James VI. The Earl of Mar replaces Matthew Stewart, 4th Earl of Lennox, the King's grandfather, who was assassinated the day before by supporters of his daughter-in-law the imprisoned Mary, Queen of Scots.source
  • 1590Alexander Farnese's army forces Henry IV of France to lift the siege of Paris.source
  • 1591A storm near the Azores in the North Atlantic begins, sinking a large number of the Spanish ships, including the recently-captured HMS Revenge. During August and September, at least eight intense hurricanes occur in the most severe of the pre-1600 seasons on record.source
  • 1598September 5 (Keichō 3, 5th day of the 8th month) – With his own death imminent, General Toyotomi Hideyoshi of Japan issues an order directing the Council of Five Elders to bring their children to the Osaka Castle to join Hideyoshi's designated successor, his son Hideyori.source
  • 1607Hamlet is performed aboard the East India Company ship Red Dragon, under the command of Capt. William Keeling, anchored off the coast of Sierra Leone, the first known performance of a Shakespeare play outside England in English, and the first by amateurs.source
  • 1612England's East India Company gets its first warships and establishes the "'Honourable East India Company's Marine'" to protect its freighters. The force develops over the centuries into the Royal Indian Navy and, after India's independence in 1947, the Indian Navy.source
  • 1619Church of Holmen is inaugurated in the former naval anchor forge in Copenhagen.source
  • 1619In the course of a revolt against the Habsburg Empire, Prince Gabriel Bethlen of Transylvania (now in Romania) conquers Kassa (now Košice in Slovakia) with the help of George I Rákóczi.source
  • 1622Armand Jean du Plessis becomes Cardinal Richelieu.source
  • 1634The Parlement of Paris declares the second marriage of Gaston, Duke of Orléans, with Marguerite of Lorraine, to be invalid; it condemns Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine for felony and kidnapping of Gaston and reunites the Duchy of Bar with the kingdom.source
  • 1661Nicolas Fouquet, the Superintendent of Finances for France, is arrested in Nantes and charged with embezzlement of the state treasury. Spared the death penalty by a jury, Fouquet spends the rest of his life in prison until his death in 1680.source
  • 1663Dutch Captain Martin Kregier and Lieutenant Couwenhoven lead an attack against the Esopus Indians from the right and Lieutenant Stilwil and Ensign Niessen the left wing. In the battle, near what is now Mamakating, New York, Chief Papequanaehen and 14 other Esopus warriors are killed, along with seven civilians; three Dutch soldiers are killed, but 23 Dutch prisoners are rescued.source
  • 1670William Penn and William Mead are found not guilty of violating the Conventicles Act 1670, after a five day jury trial in London. The two had been arrested on August 14 in front of a meeting house Gracechurch Street after preaching a Quaker sermon outside following a ban on preaching indoors. The defiance by the jury leads to the landmark English decision in Bushel's Case.source
  • 1678Sultan Amangkurat II of Mataram sets off from Jepara with the main force in the Kediri campaign, leading native troops, along with VOC forces under the command of Anthonio Hurdt, leader of the campaign.source
  • 1683Qing Chinese admiral Shi Lang receives the formal surrender of Zheng Keshuang, ushering in the collapse of the Kingdom of Tungning, which is then incorporated into the Qing Empire.source
  • 1689September 3–12 – Messengers from over 100 Baptist churches assemble in the City of London to discuss and endorse the 1677 document that will become known as the 1689 Baptist Confession of Faith.source
  • 1694The Great Fire of Warwick breaks out in England and destroys half the town. Donors raise £110,000 toward disaster relief, with Queen Anne contributing £1,000.source
  • 1694Great Fire of Warwick.source
  • 1697September 5 (August 25 O.S.) – During the Nine Years' War, the Battle of Hudson's Bay is fought between English and French ships in Hudson Bay near what is now the Canadian province of Manitoba; The French warship Pélican captures York Factory, a trading post of the English Hudson's Bay Company.source
  • 1697Nine Years' War: Battle of Hudson's Bay – French warship Pélican captures York Factory, a trading post of the English Hudson's Bay Company in modern-day Manitoba (Canada)source
  • 1698A charter is granted by King William III of England to the new East India Company of England, called "the New Company" or "the English Company" to break the monopoly that has existed in India since 1689 with the existing British East India Company.source
  • 1698In an effort to move his people away from Asiatic customs, Tsar Peter I of Russia imposes a beard tax.source
  • 1705August 31–September 5 – War of the Spanish Succession: The Siege of Zoutleeuw is carried out by the alliance of Dutch, English, Scottish and Holy Roman Empire troops against the French-held fortress of Zoutleeuw (in modern-day Belgium).source
  • 1709September 4–8 – nearly 800 poor Protestant refugee families of German Palatines arrive in Dublin to be settled in Ireland.source
  • 1717King George I of Great Britain issues the "Proclamation for Suppressing of Pirates in the West Indies", an offer of amnesty to pirates, declaring that any pirates who surrender themselves to the government of Britain or one of its overseas territories, on or before September 5, 1718, "shall have Our Gracious Pardon of and for his or their Piracy or Piracies" committed before January 5, 1718. The amnesty is later extended to July 1, 1719.source
  • 1725The day after they meet for the first time, the wedding ceremony of King Louis and Marie takes place in Fontainebleau, making her the Queen Consort of France. Their marriage lasts for almost 43 years until her death in 1768.source
  • 1749A delegation of 33 members of the Catawba Indian nation and 73 from the Cherokee nation arrive in Charleston, South Carolina, to discuss a peace treaty with South Carolina's provincial governor, James Glen.source
  • 17595 September & 28 October – Regulations issued for the production of printed cotton fabrics in the kingdom, permitting Christophe-Philippe Oberkampf to set up a manufactory in Jouy-en-Josas for the production of toile de Jouysource
  • 1760The Marriage of Josef II and Isabella of Parmasource
  • 1774The First Continental Congress assembles in Philadelphia.source
  • 1775August 29 – September 12 – The Independence Hurricane from South Carolina to Nova Scotia kills 4,170, mostly fishermen and sailors.source
  • 1781American Revolution – Battle of the Chesapeake: A British fleet under Thomas Graves arrives and fights de Grasse, but is unable to break through to relieve the Siege of Yorktown.source
  • 1791Declaration of the Rights of Woman and of the Female Citizen is written by activist Olympe de Gouges in response to the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen.source
  • 1791An ordinance is written barring the game of baseball within 80 yards of the Meeting House in Pittsfield, Massachusetts, the first known reference to the game of baseball in North America.source
  • 1792September 2–7 – French Revolution: September Massacres – Rampaging mobs slaughter three Roman Catholic bishops and more than 200 priests, together with at least 1,000 other criminals.source
  • 1793French Revolution: The National Convention begins the 10-month Reign of Terror.source
  • 1795The United States signs a treaty with the Dey of Algiers, ruled by Baba Hassan, pledging the payment of $23,000 a year tribute to prevent piracy against American ships.source
  • 1797France's new government decrees that citizens who left the country without authorization are subject to the death penalty if they return.source
  • 1798French legislature passes Law of 19 Fructidor, Year VI instituting universal conscription of all unmarried men aged 20 to 25.source
  • 1798Conscription is made mandatory in France by the Jourdan Law.source
  • 1819Hans Christian Andersen arrives in Copenhagen for the first time.source
  • 1820José Gervasio Artigas flees to Paraguay.source
  • 1821Hongi Hika and 2000 Ngā Puhi, armed with 1000 muskets, lay siege to Mauinaina pā at Tamaki. The pā is taken and the inhabitants massacred.source
  • 1832an ordinance requires workers to carry a Skudsmålsbog as record of their employment.source
  • 1836Sam Houston is elected as the first president of the Republic of Texas.source
  • 1848Nasser al-Din Shah Qajar ascends to throne.source
  • 1853First official rail journey in Brazil, prior before the line was formally opened to the publicsource
  • 1854August 31–September 8 – An epidemic of cholera in London kills over 10,000. Dr John Snow traces the source of one outbreak (that killed 500) to a single water pump, validating his theory that cholera is water-borne, and forming the starting point for epidemiology.source
  • 1860September 3–5 – The First International Chemistry Congress is held in Karlsruhe, Baden.source
  • 1862In the Confederacy's first invasion of the North, General Robert E. Lee leads 55,000 men of the Army of Northern Virginia across the Potomac River at White's Ford near Leesburg, Virginia, into Maryland.source
  • 1863Louis-Victor Sicotte appointed a puisne judge of the Superior Court for Saint-Hyacinthe Districtsource
  • 1864September 5–6 – Bombardment of Shimonoseki: An American, British, Dutch and French alliance engages the powerful feudal Japanese warlord or daimyō Lord Mōri Takachika, of the Chōshū clan, based in Shimonoseki, Japan.source
  • 1864September 1 – September 9: Charlottetown Conference, noted as the first step towards Confederationsource
  • 1869The foundation stone is laid for Neuschwanstein Castle in Bavaria (southern Germany).source
  • 1869The foundation stone is laid for Neuschwanstein Castle in Bavaria.source
  • 1876British Prime Minister William Gladstone publishes his Bulgarian Horrors pamphlet.source
  • 1877American Indian Wars: Oglala Sioux chief Crazy Horse is bayoneted by a United States soldier, after resisting confinement in a guardhouse at Fort Robinson in Nebraska.source
  • 1881The Thumb Fire in the U.S. state of Michigan destroys over a million acres (4,000 km 2 ) and kills 282 people.source
  • 1881The Thumb Fire in the U.S. state of Michigan destroys over a million acres (4,000 km²) and kills 282 people.source
  • 1882The first United States Labor Day parade is held in New York City.source
  • 1882Tottenham Hotspur F.C. is founded (as Hotspur F.C.) in London.source
  • 1883Mary F. Hoyt becomes the first woman appointed to the U.S. federal civil service (and the second person appointed by examination (in which she came top) instituted under the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act) when she becomes a clerk in the Bank Redemption Agency of the Department of the Treasury.source
  • 1884Staten Island Academy is founded.source
  • 1887The Theatre Royal, Exeter, England, burns down, killing 186 people.source
  • 1887Theatre Royal, Exeter burns down, and 186 people die.source
  • 1889Mauricewood Colliery disaster: a fire at the pit near Penicuik kills 63 of the 70 men and boys working underground.source
  • 1901The National Association of Professional Baseball Leagues (later renamed Minor League Baseball), is formed in Chicago.source
  • 1905Russo-Japanese War: Treaty of Portsmouth – In New Hampshire, a treaty mediated by U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt is signed by Japan and Russia. Russia cedes the island of Sakhalin together with port and rail rights in Manchuria to Japan.source
  • 1905Treaty of Portsmouth signed, ending Russo-Japanese Warsource
  • 1905Russo-Japanese War – Treaty of Portsmouth: In New Hampshire, a treaty mediated by U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt is signed by Japan and Russia. Russia cedes the island of Sakhalin and port and rail rights in Manchuria to Japan.source
  • 1914London Agreement: No member of the Triple Entente (Britain, France, or Russia) may seek a separate peace with the Central Powers.source
  • 1914British Royal Navy scout cruiser HMS Pathfinder is sunk by German submarine U-21 in the Firth of Forth (Scotland), the first ship ever to be sunk by a locomotive torpedo fired from a submarine.source
  • 1915The Zimmerwald Conference begins in Switzerland.source
  • 1920Mahatma Gandhi launches the non-cooperation movement in India, with the goal of obtaining independence from British rulesource
  • 1921Popular comedian Roscoe "Fatty" Arbuckle attends a party at the St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco, during which actress Virginia Rappe is fatally injured; although he is eventually acquitted of rape and manslaughter, the scandal derails his career.source
  • 1922An underground explosion at Haig Pit, Whitehaven, in the Cumberland Coalfield, kills 39 people.source
  • 1929Aristide Briand presents his plan for the United States of Europe.source
  • 1933Australia signs a trade agreement with New Zealand.source
  • 1933The Mexican Stock Exchange is established.source
  • 1933Tupolev ANT-7 crash near Podolsk, which led to a complete reorganization of air traffic in the Soviet Union.source
  • 1934September 5–10 – The 6th Nuremberg Rally is staged by the German Nazi Party.source
  • 1936Spanish Civil War: Robert Capa's photograph The Falling Soldier is taken.source
  • 1936September 4–5 – English-born aviator Beryl Markham becomes the first woman to make an east-to-west solo transatlantic flight, from Abingdon-on-Thames, England, to Baleine, Nova Scotia.source
  • 1937Roberto Ortiz is elected president of Argentina.source
  • 1937Spanish Civil War: The city of Llanes falls to the Falangists.source
  • 1938Czechoslovak President Edvard Beneš invites mid-level representatives of the Sudeten Germans Hradčany Palace, to tell them he will accept whatever demands they care to make, provided the Sudetenland remains part of the Republic of Czechoslovakia.source
  • 1938Seguro Obrero massacresource
  • 1944Belgium, Netherlands and Luxembourg constitute Benelux as representatives of the exiled governments sign the London Customs Convention.source
  • 1944The 5.8 Mw Cornwall–Massena earthquake affects the northern New York town of Massena at the Canada–United States border with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VII (Very strong), causing $2 million in damage, but no deaths. Across the border, Cornwall, Ontario suffers greater damage.source
  • 1945National Development Party was foundedsource
  • 1945Iva Toguri D'Aquino, a Japanese American suspected of being wartime radio propagandist "Tokyo Rose", is arrested in Yokohama.source
  • 1945Russian code clerk Igor Gouzenko comes forward with numerous documents implicating the Soviet Union in many spy rings in North America, both in the United States and in Canada.source
  • 1954Per Knut Aaland, cross country skiersource
  • 1957Cuban Revolution: Fulgencio Batista’s forces bomb anti-government riots in Cienfuegos.source
  • 1960Poet Léopold Sédar Senghor is the first elected President of Senegal.source
  • 1960Congolese President Joseph Kasa-Vubu dismisses Patrice Lumumba's entire government, and also places Lumumba under house arrest.source
  • 1960Samyang Tires, as predecessor of Kumho Tires has founded.source
  • 19601960 Summer Olympic Games: Cassius Clay (later Muhammad Ali) of the United States wins the gold medal in light-heavyweight boxing.source
  • 196722 miners die after two trucks carrying detonating material exploded in a sector of the Chuquicamata mine.source
  • 1970September 3–6 – Israeli forces fight Palestinian guerillas in southern Lebanon.source
  • 1970Vietnam War: Operation Jefferson Glenn: The United States 101st Airborne Division and the South Vietnamese 1st Infantry Division initiate a new operation in Thua Thien Province (the operation ends in October 1971).source
  • 1970August 31 – September 5: Tropical Storm Norma.source
  • 1971September 5–18: Hurricane Edith.source
  • 1975In Sacramento, California, Lynette Fromme attempts to assassinate U.S. President Gerald Ford, but is thwarted by a Secret Service agent.source
  • 1976The Democratic Front won 21 of the 35 seats in the parliament following parliamentary elections. Voter turnout was 85.3%.source
  • 1977Invited to participate in the ratification of the Panama Canal agreements, Augusto Pinochet travels to United States, where he meets with President Jimmy Carter and other Latin American leaders.source
  • 1977Voyager program: Voyager 1 is launched after a brief delay.source
  • 1977German Autumn: Employers Association President Hanns Martin Schleyer is kidnapped in Cologne, West Germany. The kidnappers kill three escorting police officers and his chauffeur. They demand the release of Red Army Faction prisoners.source
  • 1978Camp David Accords: Hosted by U.S. President Jimmy Carter, Israel's Prime Minister Menachem Begin and Egypt's President Anwar Sadat met at Camp David in Maryland to discuss a peace agreement between the two nations.source
  • 1980The Gotthard Road Tunnel opens in Switzerland as the world's longest highway tunnel, at 16.3 km, stretching from Göschenen to Airolo beneath the Gotthard Pass.source
  • 1981September 4–12. Major Soviet military exercise Zapad’81 (West’81) takes place in Belarus and the Baltic States.source
  • 1981September 5–10. First round of National Congress of Solidarity Delegates takes place in Gdańsk, at Hala Olivia. Solidarity has 9,5 million members. Of all its regions, most numerous is Upper Silesia - Zagłębie Dąbrowskie (Region Śląsko-Dąbrowski) - 1,4 mln members, Mazovia - 911,000 members, and Lower Silesia - 900,000 members. During the Congress, The Message to Working People of Eastern Europe is issued, as well as a Letter to Polonia of the Whole World.source
  • 1984Western Australia becomes the last Australian state to abolish capital punishment.source
  • 1984STS-41-D: the Space Shuttle Discovery lands after its maiden voyage at Edwards Air Force Base in California.source
  • 1986Pan Am Flight 73, with 358 people on board, is hijacked at Karachi International Airport by four Abu Nidal terrorists.source
  • 1986The Soviet leg of the World Chess Championship 1986 opens in Leningrad.source
  • 1988The first AIDS case in the Soviet Union kills a 29-year-old woman Olga G.source
  • 1990September 1–10 – Pope John Paul II visits Tanzania, Burundi, Rwanda and Ivory Coast.source
  • 1991Dissolution of the Soviet Union: The Congress of People's Deputies of the Soviet Union self-dissolves, being replaced by Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union and State Council of the Soviet Union.source
  • 1994New South Wales State MP for Cabramatta John Newman is shot outside his home, in Australia's first political assassination since 1977.source
  • 1995September 4–15 – The Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing with over 4,750 delegates from 181 countries in attendance.source
  • 1997September 5–6 – Beni-Messous massacresource
  • 1997The International Olympic Committee picks Athens, Greece, to be the host city for the 2004 Summer Olympics.source
  • 1997The International Olympic Committee awards the 2004 Summer Olympics to the birthplace Athens (Greece). Athens beating Rome in the fifth and final round of votes 66 to 41.source
  • 1998The Government of North Korea adopts a military dictatorship on its 50th anniversary. The constitution is amended, and the late Kim Il Sung is enshrined as the eternal President.source
  • 2001The formation of Typhoon Nari.source
  • 2003Hurricane Fabian strikes Bermuda.source
  • 2005Mandala Airlines Flight 091.source
  • 2008Pamela Jelimo wins the IAAF Golden League jackpotsource
  • 2008Quentin Bryce becomes the first female Governor-General of Australia.source
  • 2011India and Bangladesh sign a pact to end their 40-year border demarcation dispute.source
  • 20212021 Guinean coup d'état: Guinea's President Alpha Condé is detained by an elite military unit led by a former French legionnaire, Lt. Col. Mamady Doumbouya, claiming to have seized power.source
  • 2021Clashes in the city of Cetinje following inauguration of Serb Orthodox Church leader Joanikije II.source
  • 2021August 24–September 5 – The 2020 Summer Paralympics were held in Tokyo, Japan. They were originally scheduled for 25 August–6 September 2020, but were postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic.source
  • 2022A 6.8 earthquake strikes Luding County in Sichuan province, China, killing 117 and injuring 424.source
  • 2023The Labour Market Regulatory Authority (LMRA) begins inspections in Manama and Northern Governorates, uncovering violations of labor and residency laws at shops and work sites.source
  • 2024August 28 – September 8 – The 2024 Summer Paralympics are held in Paris, France.source
  • 2025The Prophet's Birthdaysource

Births

  • 699Abū Hanīfa, Arab imam and scholar (died 767)source
  • 989Fan Zhongyan, chancellor of the Song Dynasty (died 1052)source
  • 1187Louis VIII (the Lion), French king (died 1226)source
  • 1269Agnes of Bohemia, Duchess of Austria (died 1296)source
  • 1319Peter IV, king of the Crown of Aragon (died 1387)source
  • 1326Beatrice of Sicily, Sicilian noblewoman (died 1365)source
  • 1451Isabel Neville, Duchess of Clarence, elder daughter of Richard Neville (died 1476)source
  • 1500Maria of Jever, last ruler of the Lordship of Jever (died 1575)source
  • 1567Date Masamune, Japanese daimyō (died 1636)source
  • 1568Tommaso Campanella, Italian theologian and poet (died 1639)source
  • 1638Louis XIV, King of France from 1643 until his death (died 1715)source
  • 1641Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of Sunderland, English diplomat (died 1702)source
  • 1641Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of Sunderland, diplomat (died 1702)source
  • 1648Tage Thott, county governor, Supreme Court justice and landowner (died 1707)source
  • 1649Louise de Kérouaille, Duchess of Portsmouth, French-born mistress of Charles II of England (died 1734)source
  • 1651William Dampier, English explorer (died 1715)source
  • 1659Michel Sarrazin, Canadian scientist (died 1734)source
  • 1664Charlotte Lee, Countess of Lichfield, illegitimate daughter of King Charles II of England (died 1718)source
  • 1666Gottfried Arnold, German church historian (died 1714)source
  • 1667Giovanni Girolamo Saccheri, Italian mathematician (died 1733)source
  • 1695Carl Gustaf Tessin, Swedish count, politician and art collector (died 1770)source
  • 1695Carl Gustaf Tessin, Count and politician (died 1770)source
  • 1704Maurice Quentin de La Tour, French Rococo portraitist, working primarily with pastels (died 1788)source
  • 1707John Forbes, British general (died 1759)source
  • 1733Christoph Martin Wieland, German poet and writer (died 1813)source
  • 1735Johann Christian Bach, German composer (died 1782)source
  • 1751François Joseph Westermann, French Revolutionary leader, general (died 1794)source
  • 1771Archduke Charles of Austria, Austrian general, statesman (died 1847)source
  • 1774Caspar David Friedrich, German painter (died 1840)source
  • 1791Giacomo Meyerbeer, German composer (died 1864)source
  • 1793John L. Burns, American veteran of the War of 1812, civilian combatant for the Union Army during the American Civil War. (died 1872)source
  • 1847Jesse James, American outlaw (died 1882)source
  • 1857Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, Russian scientist, inventor (died 1935)source
  • 1867Amy Beach, American pianist, composer (died 1944)source
  • 1912John Cage, American composer (died 1992)source
  • 1946Freddie Mercury, British-Indian singer-songwriter, pianist and frontman of rock band Queen (died 1991)source
  • 1976Mishary Rashid Alafasysource

Deaths

  • 590King Authari dies (possibly by poison) after a six-year reign, and is succeeded by Agilulf, duke (dux) of Turin, who marries his widow Theodelinda.source
  • 590Authari, king of the Lombardssource
  • 714Shang, emperor of the Tang dynastysource
  • 1071Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi, Arab scholar (born 1002)source
  • 1128Ranulf Flambard, Norman bishop of Durhamsource
  • 1165Nijō, emperor of Japan (born 1143)source
  • 1201Constance, duchess of Brittany (born 1161)source
  • 1235Duke Henry I of Brabant (born 1165)source
  • 1311Amadeus Aba, Hungarian oligarchsource
  • 1311In the northeastern part of the Kingdom of Hungary, in what is now the Republic of Slovakia, the oligarch Amadeus Aba is assassinated by rebels at the south gate of Košice.source
  • 1336Charles d'Évreux (born 1305)source
  • 1481John I, Duke of Cleves (born 1419)source
  • 1524Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama arrives on the island of Goa to become the new Viceroy of Portuguese India but dies three months later.source
  • 1548Catherine Parr, sixth and last Queen of Henry VIII of England (born c. 1512)source
  • 1562Katharina Zell, German Protestant reformer (born 1497)source
  • 1569Edmund Bonner, Bishop of London (born c. 1500)source
  • 1786Jonas Hanway, English merchant, traveler, and philanthropist (born 1712)source
  • 1807September 2–7 – Battle of Copenhagen: The British Royal Navy bombards Copenhagen with fire bombs and phosphorus rockets, to prevent the Dano-Norwegian navy from surrendering to Napoleon; 30% of the city is destroyed, and 2,000 citizens are killed.source
  • 1808John Home, Scottish writer (born 1722)source
  • 1848Mohammad Shah Qajar dies in Tehran, Iran.source
  • 1857Auguste Comte, French philosopher (born 1798)source
  • 1876Manuel Blanco Encalada (born 1790)source
  • 1877Crazy Horse, American Oglala Lakota chief (born 1840-45)source
  • 1902Rudolf Virchow, German scientist, politician (born 1821)source
  • 1906Ludwig Boltzmann, Austrian physicist (born 1854)source
  • 1954KLM flight 633, a Lockheed L-1049C Super Constellation named “Triton”, attempted to ditch into the river Shannon immediately after takeoff from Shannon Airport, Ireland. 28 of the 56 passengers and crew were killedsource
  • 1969Lieutenant William Calley is charged with six counts of premeditated murder for the 1968 My Lai Massacre deaths of 109 Vietnamese civilians in My Lai, Vietnam.source
  • 1972September 5–6 – Munich massacre: Eleven Israeli athletes at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich are murdered after eight members of the Arab terrorist group Black September invade the Olympic Village; five guerillas and one policeman are also killed in a failed hostage rescue.source
  • 1975The London Hilton Hotel is bombed by the Provisional Irish Republican Army; two people are killed and 63 injured.source
  • 1997Mother Teresa, 87, Albanian missionary and humanitarian, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize, heart failure.source