Crime & Justice in the 13th century

38 sourced entries, 1200 CE to 1295 CE, oldest first. Also see Crime & Justice across every century or everything else in the 13th century.

1200The rebel leader Ivanko is captured and executed by the Byzantine general Alexios Palaiologos (son-in-law of Emperor Alexios III Angelos).source
1203At Rouen, William de Braose, an English nobleman, becomes the guardian of the imprisoned 16-year-old Arthur of Brittany, designated heir to the throne of England – who is not known to be alive after April and is probably murdered by or at the orders of his uncle, King John.source
1204John de Courcy captured by Hugh de Lacy.Ireland source
1207The Normans attempted to build a motte and bailey at Brian Boru's Fort but were driven offIreland source
1208Auliffe O'Rothlain, Chief of Calry of Coolcarney, was slain by O'Moran.Ireland source
1210November 1 – John orders that Jews across the country have to pay a tallage, a sum of money to the king. Those who do not pay are arrested and imprisoned. Many Jews are executed or leave the country.source
1210Earldom of Ulster and Honor of Limerick are confiscated.Ireland source
1212Ferdinand, Count of Flanders and Joan, Countess of Flanders are captured by Joan's first cousin prince Louis VIII of France, eldest son of King Philip II of France and Joan's aunt Isabella. Louis' aim is to acquire his dead mother's dowry, a large piece of Flemish territory including Artois, which Joan's father had taken back by force after Isabella's death.France source
1215Sir Geoffrey de Luterel is granted the townland of Cratloe in County Clare, including the Cratloe Woods.Ireland source
1216Castle at Killaloe built by Geoffrey de Marisco, Justiciar of Ireland.Ireland source
1217August 29 – The newly-captured French knight, Robert de Courtenay, is allowed to go to London to speak with Louis VIII about peace negotiations with England, while Robert of Dreux remains as a hostage in his stead.France source
1218Reginald Talbot was fined for attempting to illegally export a goshawk from Ireland through Dalkey.Ireland source
1220Llywelyn the Great, Welsh prince of Gwynedd, begins raiding Pembrokeshire to retake land that he accuses William Marshal (the Younger) of stealing. This also includes Wiston Castle.source
1221June 16 – The Jewish population of Erfurt (Duchy of Thuringia) is massacred after a ritual murder libel. A crowd storms the synagogue where the Jews have gathered with the threat of baptism or death. The Jewish quarter, including the synagogue, is razed: many Jews are tortured and killed.source
1222Genghis Khan’s armies were said to have killed approximately 1.6 million people in the city of Herat, in Northwestern Afghanistan.source
1223May 7 – Henry I, Count of Schwerin, kidnaps the King of Denmark, Valdemar II and the king's 14-year-old son, Valdemar the Young, after landing with a group of soldiers on the island of Lyø, where King Valdemar had been hunting. King Valdemar will be held captive for three years until Easter Sunday of 1226, and released after payment of 44,000 silver marks and the surrendering of lands taken 20 years earlier in Holstein.source
1224Richard Mór de Burgh claims the title Lord of Connaught on the basis of a grant to his father, and that Aedh Ua Conchobair (successor to his father Cathal Crobhdearg Ua Conchobair, King of Connacht) has forfeited it.Ireland source
1232Peter de Rivaux, nephew of Peter des Roches, is made Lord Treasurer of Henry III's household and keeper of the king's wardrobe. This moves him into an important position for controlling the king's affairs.source
1235A general inquisition begins in France.source
1237Louis IX grants Artois to his brother Robert.France source
1238Evpaty Kolovrat, Kievan knight (bogatyr), returns to his hometown of Ryazan, which was burnt to the ground by the Mongols in 1237. He gathers some 1,700 survivors and pursues Batu Khan, attacking his rearguard, and annihilating thousands of Mongols. Finally, Kolovrat is slain from afar by siege-weaponry. Batu Khan shows admiration for his bravery and as a sign of respect, returns his body and allows his soldiers to return home.source
1246September 30 – Yaroslav II, father of Alexander Nevsky, is poisoned by Töregene Khatun, after he is summoned by Güyük Khan in Karakorum.source
1250April 30 – King Louis IX (the Saint) is released by his Egyptian captors after paying a ransom of one million dinars and turning over the city of Damietta.source
1250Starting in this year and ending in 1275, the Muslim Shougeng Pu, likely a Persian or an Arab, serves as the Commissioner of Merchant Shipping for the Song dynasty Chinese seaport at Quanzhou, due to his effort in defeating pirates.source
1254Doge Reniero Zeno sends the Horses of Saint Mark, looted from Constantinople during the Fourth Crusade, to Venice, where they are installed on the terrace of the façade of St. Mark's Basilica.source
1255August – Following the death of Little Saint Hugh, in an instance of blood libel, eighteen Jews of Lincoln, are tortured and executed by royal command on suspicion of being involved in the boy's murder.source
1257Egyptian judge Ibn bint al-A'azz appointed Vizier of Egypt for a second term.source
1258Irish, assisted by Scottish gallowglasses, halt the English advance westward through Ireland.source
1260The civil servant and bard longing for lost al-Andalus, Ibn al-Abbar, is burnt at the stake by the Marinid ruler.source
1264Approximate date – High Duke Bolesław V the Chaste promulgates legal protection for Jewish communities in Lesser Poland, including protection from kidnapping and forcible baptism of Jewish children.source
1269Jordan Óge de Exeter became Sheriff of ConnachtIreland source
1271September 12 – Nichiren, Japanese Buddhist priest, is arrested by a band of soldiers and nearly beheaded. This incident, known as Hosshaku Kenpon or "casting off the transient and revealing the true," is regarded as a turning point of Nichiren's teachings within the various schools, known as Nichiren Buddhism.source
1273The Holy Redeemer khachkar, believed to be one of the finest examples of that style of art, is carved in Haghpat (modern Armenia).source
1277February – The Duke of Wrocław Henry IV Probus is kidnapped from his estates in Jelcz, and moved to Legnica by Bolesław II the Horned.source
1277Roger Bacon, Franciscan friar and University of Oxford lecturer, is arrested for spreading anti-Church views; specifically, the Church's stance on Greek philosopher Galen.source
1278November 17 – King Edward I ("Longshanks") raises the penalty for coin clipping from banishment to execution. All Jews are subjected to arrest and search of their homes on suspicion of coin clipping. Some 680 Jews are imprisoned in the Tower of London, with more than 300 subsequently executed. At this time, the Jewish population is believed to have been some 3,000.source
1280Alice Kyteler, alleged witch and the first recorded person condemned for witchcraft in Ireland (died c 1325) marries first husband William Outlaw between 1280 and 1285.Ireland source
1295John Wogan was appointed Justiciar of IrelandIreland source