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The 1830s

1,600 sourced entries across 10 years, inside the 19th century. Each year below opens its own page; the lines under it are that year’s highest-ranked entries.

1830 CE155 entries

  • February – first Roman Catholics take their seats in the House of Commons at Westminster, among them Daniel O'Connell (for County Clare) and Richard More O'Ferrall (Kildare).
  • May 28 – The Indian Removal Act is signed into law by U.S. President Andrew Jackson, beginning the "Trail of Tears" with the forced relocation of more than 60,000 Indigenous Americans from the Cherokee, Muscogee (Creek), Seminole, Chickasaw, and Choctaw nations from the southeastern United States to what is now the U.S. state of Oklahoma. The relocation is accomplished by the end of 1838. In addition to the five tribes, thousands of Indian-owned black slaves are moved as well, and the move has the effect of beginning mass destruction of bison in North America.
  • December 20 – The independence of Belgium is recognized by the Great Powers.

1831 CE160 entries

  • September 8– Battle of Warsaw: The Army of Russia takes the Polish capital after a two-day battle to crush the Polish uprising.
  • December 27 – Charles Darwin embarks from Plymouth on the second voyage of HMS Beagle which will be the foundation for his life of scientific study.
  • 27 December – Charles Darwin embarks on his historic voyage aboard HMS Beagle from Plymouth.

1832 CE158 entries

  • May 10 – The Egyptians, aided by Maronites, seize Acre from the Ottoman Empire after a 7-month siege.
  • October 8 – Washington Irving and Henry Leavitt Ellsworth arrive at Fort Gibson, Indian Territory (later Fort Gibson, Oklahoma) in the late morning hours. They leave the fort on October 10, with a small company of Rangers who escort them to the camp of Captain Jesse Bean who is waiting for them near the Arkansas River. Thus begins one of the first steps in the United States effort to remove the indigenous peoples of the Americas from their homes on the east coast in what would become known as the "Trail of Tears" some six years later.
  • November 24 – Nullification Crisis: The U.S. state of South Carolina passes the Ordinance of Nullification, challenging the power of the U.S. federal government, by declaring that it will not enforce national tariffs signed into law in 1828 and 1832.

1833 CE140 entries

  • June 6 – Andrew Jackson becomes the first U.S. president to ride a railroad train.
  • July 20 – A mob in Jackson County, Missouri, destroys the printing office of the early Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints containing what becomes known as The Doctrine and Covenants.
  • August 29 – The Parliament of the United Kingdom votes to pass the Factory Acts, limiting child labour.

1834 CE158 entries

  • May 19 – The Peasants' Revolt in Egyptian-ruled Palestine begins; it is suppressed in August.
  • 23 June - HMS Tartarus is launched at Pembroke Dock. It is the Royal Navy's first steam-powered man-of-war (a paddle gunvessel).
  • 26 December – Ursulines of Jesus take up residence at St Margaret’s Convent in the Whitehouse in Edinburgh, the first Roman Catholic convent established in Scotland since the Reformation; it will be another 5 years before the first such modern establishment in England.

1835 CE172 entries

  • May 11 – Matua, High Priest (taura tupua) of the Polynesian island of Mangareva, is baptized into the Roman Catholic Church.
  • July – The Bertelsmann company is founded by Carl Bertelsmann as a religious printer and publisher in Prussia.
  • 15 November – Weobley in Herefordshire is the site of the consecration of the first Roman Catholic chapel in England since the Reformation.

1836 CE174 entries

  • February 29 - Giacomo Meyerbeer's opera, Les Huguenots is performed for the first time in Paris, France.
  • March 6 – The Battle of the Alamo ends; 189 Texans are slaughtered by about 1,600 Mexicans.
  • October 2 – Charles Darwin returns to England aboard HMS Beagle, with biological data he will later use to develop his theory of evolution, having left South America on August 17.

1837 CE162 entries

  • February 8 – Richard Johnson becomes the only vice president of the United States chosen by the United States Senate.
  • May 10 – Panic of 1837: New York City banks fail, and unemployment reaches record levels.
  • 19 July – The first missionaries sent abroad by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints land from the United States at Liverpool. On 30 July, apostle Heber C. Kimball baptises the first English converts (George D. Watt and 8 others) in the River Ribble near Preston, Lancashire.

1838 CE154 entries

  • March 13 – A combination of rain and melting snow causes the Danube River to overflow its banks, washing away villages in western Hungary and inundating the twin cities that become Budapest. More than 150 people are drowned and Europe's nations come to Hungary's aid to prevent the spread of famine and disease.
  • 1 May – Jenners department store established as drapers in Princes Street, Edinburgh.
  • November 16 – Austria: Moravia opens the final section of Emperor Ferdinand Northern Railway (Rajhrad–Brno) for exhibition (preliminary) use.

1839 CE167 entries

  • January – The first parallax measurement of the distance to Alpha Centauri is published by Thomas Henderson.
  • March 9 – Prussia imposes the Child Labor Law of 1839, becoming the first nation in the world to place restrictions on child labor.
  • June 3 – Destruction of opium at Humen begins, casus belli for Britain to open the 3-year First Opium War against Qing dynasty China. A rapid rise in the sale of opium in China to over 40,000 chests (~56,000 kg per annum) has caused the Chinese government to dispatch scholar-official Lin Zexu to Guangzhou to deal with the growing problem of opium addiction.