1832 CE

November 24: U.S. state of South Carolina begins Nullification Crisis by asserting power to nullify U.S. government laws.

In the 1830s, the 19th century.

Geopolitics & Diplomacy

January 1 – William Lyon Mackenzie readmitted into the Legislative Assembly after being expelledCanada source
January 2: Joaquim Pinto Madeira starts a movement in Ceará, known as the Crato Insurrection, in order to restore Emperor Pedro I back to power.Brazil source
February 6 – The Swan River Colony is renamed Western Australia.source
7 February - The West Australian Legislative Council and Executive Council meet for the first timeAustralia source
February 9 – The Florida Legislative Council grants a city charter for Jacksonville, Florida.source
February 12 – Ecuador annexes the Galápagos Islands.source
May 7 – The Treaty of London creates an independent Kingdom of Greece. Otto of Wittelsbach, Prince of Bavaria, is chosen King; thus begins the history of modern Greece.source
May 11 – Greece is recognized as a sovereign nation; the Treaty of Constantinople ends the Greek War of Independence in July.source
June 7 – The Reform Act receives royal assent after passage by the British Parliament, reforming the electoral system and setting uniform law for voting rights in England and Wales, though not in Scotland or Ireland.source
October 20 – Principal Chief Levi Colbert (Itawamba Mingo) and other leaders of the Chickasaw Nation of American Indians sign the Treaty of Pontotoc Creek with the United States, ceding their remaining 9,400 square miles of land to the U.S., in return for a promise that they will receive all proceeds of sales of the land by the federal government to private owners, along with expenses for relocation and food and supplies for one year. The area ceded includes the entire northern one-sixth of the state of Mississippi.source
20 October – Albert Joseph Goblet d'Alviella replaces Félix de Muelenaere as Prime MinisterBelgium source
November 2–December 5 – Andrew Jackson defeats Henry Clay in the U.S. presidential election.United States source
December 3 – 1832 United States presidential election: Andrew Jackson is re-elected president.source
8 December–8 January 1833 — In the 1832 United Kingdom general election, the first following the Reform Act 1832, John Josiah Guest becomes the first MP for the new constituency of Merthyr Boroughs.Wales source
December 28 – John C. Calhoun becomes the first Vice President of the United States to resign.source
George Catlin starts to live among the Sioux in the Dakota Territory.source
British merchant and ship owner Captain James Clendon buys land and sets up a trading station at Okiato in the Bay of Islands. The location would be renamed Russell and become the first capital of New Zealand in 1840.New Zealand source
Commissioners of Woods and Forests become the Commissioners of Woods, Forests, Land Revenues, Works and Buildings and begin to manage the hereditary land revenues of the Crown in Scotland formerly controlled by the Barons of the Exchequer, under terms of this year's Crown Lands (Scotland) Act.Scotland source

Conflict & Security

January 13 – The Christmas Rebellion of slaves is brought to an end in Jamaica, after the island's white planters organize militias and the British Army sends companies of the 84th regiment to enforce martial law. More than 300 of the slave rebels will be publicly hanged for their part in the destruction.source
14 January - Battle of EpulafquenChile source
March 24 – In Hiram, Ohio, a group of men beat, tar and feather Mormon leader Joseph Smith.source
March – Attempted assassination of William Lyon Mackenzie at Hamilton.Canada source
April 6 – The Black Hawk War begins in the United States.source
May 10 – The Egyptians, aided by Maronites, seize Acre from the Ottoman Empire after a 7-month siege.source
June 5–6 – The June Rebellion in France, anti-monarchist riots led chiefly by local students and workers, breaks out in Paris.source
5 June - Anti-monarchist June Rebellion briefly breaks out in Paris.France source
July 9 – The Commissioner of Indian Affairs post is created within the United States Department of War.source
August 2 – The Bad Axe Massacre ends the last major Native American rebellion east of the Mississippi in the United States.source
August 27 – Black Hawk (Sauk leader) surrenders to the United States authorities, ending the Black Hawk War.source
September 22 – Qasim al-Ahmad is appointed as the new Ottoman Governor (mutasallim) of Jerusalem (Kudüs), after Sultan Mahmud II dismisses Muhammad Said Agha.source
October 8 – Washington Irving and Henry Leavitt Ellsworth arrive at Fort Gibson, Indian Territory (later Fort Gibson, Oklahoma) in the late morning hours. They leave the fort on October 10, with a small company of Rangers who escort them to the camp of Captain Jesse Bean who is waiting for them near the Arkansas River. Thus begins one of the first steps in the United States effort to remove the indigenous peoples of the Americas from their homes on the east coast in what would become known as the "Trail of Tears" some six years later.United States source
15 November to 23 December – Siege of Antwerp: Belgian army with French support invests Antwerp Citadel, held by Dutch forces.Belgium source
December 4 – Siege of Antwerp: The last remaining Dutch stronghold, Antwerp Citadel, comes under French attack in the aftermath of the Belgian Revolution.source
December 21 – Battle of Konya: The Egyptians defeat the main Ottoman army in central Anatolia.source
December 23 – The Siege of Antwerp ends with the Dutch garrison losing the citadel.source
Publication begins (posthumously) of Carl von Clausewitz's Vom Kriege ("On War").source
The Bombay Dog Riots occurred, sparked by an attempt by municipal colonial authorities to exterminate the city's stray dogs, which was opposed by Bombay's Parsis due to dogs being considered sacred in Zoroastrianism.India source
Te Rauparaha and Ngāti Toa capture the Ngāi Tahu pā at Onawe on Akaroa harbour and massacre the inhabitants.New Zealand source
Ngāti Toa under chief and war leader Te Rauparaha capture and destroy the Ngāi Tahu stronghold of Kaiapoi pa.New Zealand source

Exploration & Expansion

22 February – French Expedition to Ancona occupies Ancona in Italy, remaining until 1838France source
February 28 – Charles Darwin and the crew of HMS Beagle arrive at South America for the first time.source
May 16 – Juan Godoy discovers the rich silver outcrops of Chañarcillo sparking the Chilean silver rush.source
11 June - 25 June – The Norwegian ultramarathoner Mensen Ernst ran about 2,500 kilometres (1,600 mi) from Paris to Moscow in 14 days.Norway source
July 10 – The United States Survey of the Coast is revived within the Department of the Treasury.source
11 July – Provisional postal convention between Belgium and the Office of the Prince of Tour and Taxis signed in Frankfurt am Main.Belgium source
A local guide working for British explorer B. H. Hodgson during a Himalayan expedition claimed to have spotted a large bipedal creature running away in fear. It would become the first sighting of the so-called Yeti.source
The trade with meat, bread and drink is liberalized in 37 Swedish cities.Sweden source

Religion & Belief

February 9 – The city of Jacksonville, Florida receives its town charter from the legislative council of Florida Territory.United States source
8 April – Engelbert Sterckx consecrated as Archbishop of MechelenBelgium source
4 July – University of Durham is founded by Act of Parliament at the instigation of the authorities of the city's cathedral.United Kingdom source
August 7 – William Howley, Archbishop of Canterbury, has his coach attacked by an angry mob on his first official visit to Canterbury because of his opposition to the Reform Act in the United Kingdom.source
7 August – William Howley, Archbishop of Canterbury, has his coach attacked by an angry mob on his first official visit to Canterbury because of his opposition to the Great Reform Act.United Kingdom source
September – a Jewish burial ground is established on part of the site that will shortly become Glasgow Necropolis.Scotland source
Weimar Classicism ends with death of Johann Wolfgang von GoetheGermany source
Edinburgh City Mission is established by David Nasmith.Scotland source
The first temperance society in Wales is founded at Holyhead.Wales source

Economy & Finance

March 30 – Bank of Nova Scotia is foundedCanada source
July 1 – Global conglomerate Jardine Matheson is founded in Canton (modern day Guangzhou) in Qing dynasty China by Scottish merchants.source
July 10 – President Andrew Jackson vetoes a bill that would re-charter the Second Bank of the United States.United States source
18 August - The Savings Bank of New South Wales is establishedAustralia source
November 24 – Nullification Crisis: The U.S. state of South Carolina passes the Ordinance of Nullification, challenging the power of the U.S. federal government, by declaring that it will not enforce national tariffs signed into law in 1828 and 1832.source
November 24 – Ordinance of Nullification is passed.United States source
December 10 – U.S. President Andrew Jackson responds to the Nullification Crisis by threatening to send the U.S. Army and Navy into South Carolina if it does not comply.source
The City of Buffalo in New York is incorporated.source
Global watch brand Longines is founded in Switzerland.source
Torkil Abraham Hoppe, Danish civil servant was sent to Iceland to make a report on the country's trading posts. Hoppe would later serve as Governor of Iceland (1841 – 1847).Iceland source
The Bank of Hindostan was liquidated.India source
Nullification Crisis (1832–1833)United States source

Technology & Infrastructure

January – Theatre Royal, Wexford opened.Ireland source
February 25 – The first railway charter in Canada is issued for the Champlain and St. Lawrence Railroad.Canada source
19 April – Construction of the Stone Store at Kerikeri begins.New Zealand source
23 May — The Festiniog Railway Company is set up by an act of Parliament, making it, as of the 21st century, the world's oldest surviving statutory public railway company.Wales source
May 30 – The Rideau Canal in eastern Ontario (Canada) is opened.source
2 June – passengers are first carried over the Edinburgh and Dalkeith Railway, between St Leonards and North Esk by horse-drawn carriage.Scotland source
June 9 – The Strasburg Rail Road is incorporated by the Pennsylvania State Legislature, making it the oldest continuously operating railroad in the Western Hemisphere.source
July 24 – Benjamin Bonneville leads the first wagon train across the Rocky Mountains using the South Pass (Wyoming).United States source
26 September - Inauguration of the Göta Canal.Sweden source
October 4 – Prince Otto of Bavaria, the second oldest son of King Ludwig I, is selected by Europe's major powers to become Othon, the first King of Greece, after the Hellenic nation's reacquisition of independence.source
The Cumberland and Oxford Canal connects the largest lakes of southern Maine with the seaport of Portland, Maine.source
The first commutator DC electric motor, capable of turning machinery, is demonstrated by William Sturgeon in London.source
Théâtre des Folies-Dramatiques opens on the site of the Théâtre de l'Ambigu-Comique on the Boulevard du Temple in Paris under Frédérick Lemaître.France source

Science & Discovery

July 2 – André-Michel Guerry presents his Essay on moral statistics of France to the French Academy of Sciences, a significant step in the founding of empirical social science.source
19 July – Anatomy Act provides for licensing and inspection of anatomists, and for unclaimed corpses from public institutions to be available for their dissection.United Kingdom source
September - The Opéra-Comique moves from Salle Ventadour to Salle de la Bourse in Paris.France source
15 December – The CGS system goes back to a proposal in 1832 by the German mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauss to base a system of absolute units on the three fundamental units of length.Germany source
Work Faust, Part Two by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe published.Germany source
John Donald Carrick edits the poetry anthology Whistle Binkie.Scotland source
James Hogg, writing as "The Ettrick Shepherd", publishes the poems Altrive Tales.Scotland source
Benjamin Jones (P A Môn) — Amddiffyniad o Brynedigaeth NeillduolWales source

Health & Medicine

February 12 – A cholera epidemic in London claims at least 3,000 lives; the contagion spreads to France and North America later this year.source
12 February – Second cholera pandemic begins to spread in London, starting from East London. It is officially declared over in early May but deaths continue. It will claim at least 3000 victims. In Liverpool, Kitty Wilkinson becomes the "Saint of the Slums" by promoting hygiene.United Kingdom source
May — Second cholera pandemic reaches Wales, at Flint.Wales source
June 20 – Eighty-eight deaths from Asiatic cholera are reported at Montreal.Canada source
June – The immigrant ship The Carrick arrives in Quebec filled with Irish immigrants. A few of these immigrants are ill with cholera, which becomes an epidemic in Lower Canada and Upper Canada.Canada source
July–August – The 1829–51 cholera pandemic reaches the Northeastern seaboard, beginning with New York City.United States source
Agriculturalist William McCombie forms his herd of black Aberdeen Angus cattle.Scotland source
John Neal publishes "The Haunted Man," the first work of American fiction to use psychotherapy as a theme.United States source
Wrexham Infirmary is founded at the instigation of Thomas Taylor Griffith.Wales source

Crime & Justice

May 21 – Election riots at Montreal. Three supporters of Daniel Tracey of the Parti Patriote are shot dead by government troops. Colonel MacIntosh and Captain Temple are arrested for ordering the shooting. The next day, it is announced that Tracey is elected to the Legislative Assembly for Montreal West.Canada source
5 September – an ordinance requires workers to carry a Skudsmålsbog as record of their employment.Denmark source
Charlottenborg Spring Exhibition: Wilhelm Marstrand's A Street Scene in the Dog Days is among the exhibited art works.Denmark source
11–14 August – The body of James Cook, a bookbinder executed the previous day for the murder of his creditor Paas, is hung in irons on a gibbet in Leicester, the last time this practice is carried out.United Kingdom source
Jedediah Richards — Addysg ac AmddiffyniadWales source

Climate & Environment

16 July – "The Bad Day": 31 sixareens (the traditional fishing craft of Shetland) are lost in a storm with 105 crew.Scotland source
December – Missionary Henry Williams records the first mention of cricket being played in New Zealand, on the beach at Paihia.New Zealand source
The Guntur famine of 1832 affected Guntur, Madras Presidency.India source

Culture & Society

January 6 – Abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison founds the New-England Anti-Slavery Society.source
13 February - The King's School opens in ParramattaAustralia source
February 26 — Frédéric Chopin made his highly anticipated Paris debut on at the Salle Pleyel. The concert featured his own Piano Concerto in E Minor and Variations on 'Là ci darem la mano', and was attended by the city's musical and cultural elite, including Franz Liszt and Felix Mendelssohn. The concert would catapult him as one of the most popular composers in not only Paris but all of Europe.source
March 24 – In Hiram, Ohio a group of men beat, tar and feather Latter Day Saint movement founder Joseph Smith.United States source
May 30 – The Hambacher Fest, a demonstration for civil liberties and national unity in Germany, ends with no result.source
30 May – The Hambacher Fest, a demonstration for civil liberties and national unity, ends with no result.Germany source
July 4 – Durham University is founded in the north of England by an act of Parliament given royal assent by King William IV.source
11 July – Order of Leopold established.Belgium source
August 9 – Leopold I of Belgium marries the daughter of the French king Louise of Orléans in a dynastic marriage at the Château de Compiègnesource
14 August – première of Felix Mendelssohn's concert overture The Hebrides in London.Scotland source
28 August - At the Beaumaris eisteddfod, the title of Archdruid is used for the first time.Wales source
October 29 - Alpha Delta Phi, the sixth-oldest college fraternity, is founded as a literary society by Samuel Eells at Hamilton College in Clinton, New York.source
November 21 – Wabash College, a small, private, liberal arts college for men, is founded.source
November – 1832 Newfoundland general election.Canada source
The first Baedeker guidebook, Voyage du Rhin de Mayence à Cologne, is published in Koblenz.source
Det Dramatiske Selskab in Tromsø is founded.Norway source

Births

January 4 – Sir George Tryon, British admiral (died 1893)source
January 23 – Édouard Manet, French painter (died 1883)source
January 27 – Lewis Carroll, English author (died 1898)source
February 9 – Adele Spitzeder, German actress, folk singer and confidence trickster (died 1895)source
April 1 – Hossein-Qoli Nezam al-Saltaneh Mafi, Iranian politician.Iran source
April 8 – Howell Edmunds Jackson, American politician, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (died 1895)source
April 14 – Wilhelm Busch, German humorist, poet, illustrator and painter (died 1908)source
May 21 – Hudson Taylor, English founder of the China Inland Mission (died 1905)source
June 17 – Sir William Crookes, English chemist, physicist (died 1919)source
July 6 – Emperor Maximilian I of Mexico (died 1867)source
August 16 – Wilhelm Wundt, German physiologist, philosopher, and professor, and pioneer of modern psychology (died 1920)source
September 30 – Frederick Roberts, 1st Earl Roberts, British Victorian era general (died 1914)source
30 September - Frederick Roberts, 1st Earl Roberts, commander of British troops in the Second Boer War, is born in Cawnpore, IndiaSouth Africa source
October 1 – Henry Clay Work, American composer and songwriter (died 1884)source
22 October – Robert Eitner, German musicologist, researcher and bibliographer (died 1905)Germany source
November 7 – Andrew Dickson White, American historian, diplomat and co-founder of Cornell University (died 1918)source
November 29 – Louisa May Alcott, American author (died 1888)source
date unknown - Pedro Lagos (died 1884)Chile source

Deaths

January 26 – Alexander Cochrane, British admiral (born 1758)source
February 3 – George Crabbe, English poet and naturalist (born 1754)source
March 4 – Jean-François Champollion, French Egyptologist (born 1790)source
March 10 – Muzio Clementi, Italian composer and pianist (born 1752)source
12 March – Friedrich Kuhlau, German Danish composer (born 1786)Germany source
March 22 – Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, German writer (born 1749)source
19 April - Melchor José Ramos (born 1805)Chile source
May 13 – Georges Cuvier, French zoologist (born 1769)source
May 31 – Évariste Galois, French mathematician (born 1811)source
June 6 – Jeremy Bentham, English philosopher (born 1748)source
July 22 – Napoleon II of France (born 1811)source
6 August: Thomas Kendall, Missionary and Pākehā MāoriNew Zealand source
August 24 – Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot, French military engineer and physicist (born 1796)source
September 21 – Sir Walter Scott, Scottish poet and novelist (born 1771)source
September 27 – Karl Christian Friedrich Krause, German philosopher (born 1781)source
November 12 – Henry Eckford, Scottish-born American shipbuilder, naval architect, industrial engineer, and entrepreneur (born 1775)source
November 14 – Charles Carroll of Carrollton, signer of the United States Declaration of Independence and U.S. Senator (born 1737)source
? – Agha Baji Javanshir, poet.Iran source