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Prince of Wales

royal title held by the heir to the British (previously the English) throne, and prior to that by Welsh princes

32 dated entries naming Prince of Wales, drawn from 28 separate years between 1136 CE and 1958 CE. Nothing here is written by us: each line is the sentence a Wikipedia year article used, and the link beside it opens the exact revision.

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12th century

  • 1136October – Battle of Crug Mawr (Great Barrow): King Owain Gwynedd (styled "Prince of Wales") defeats the Norman and Flemish forces under Robert Fitz Martin, securing the control of Ceredigion (West Wales).source

13th century

  • 1258Llywelyn ap Gruffudd proclaims himself Prince of Wales, first used in an agreement between Llywelyn and his supporters and the Scottish nobility. He becomes the final ruler of an independent Wales before the conquest of Wales by Edward I of England.source
  • 1267September 29 – Treaty of Montgomery: King Henry III of England acknowledges Llywelyn ap Gruffudd's title of Prince of Wales.source
  • 1283October 3 – The last ruler of an independent Wales, Dafydd ap Gruffydd (David), Prince of Wales, is executed in Shrewsbury, the first prominent person in history to be hanged, drawn and quartered, as capital punishment for the newly created crime of high treason (against Edward I of England).source
  • 1284March 3 – Statute of Rhuddlan: King Edward I of England brings Wales under direct rule after the Welsh Wars (1277–1283). He appoints sheriffs and bailiffs for the northern territories while the southern areas are left under the control of the Marcher Lords. English law is introduced in criminal cases, though the Welsh are allowed to maintain their customary laws in some cases of property disputes. He arranges a Round Table (tournament) at Nefyn in Wales and promises the Welsh that he will provide them with a Prince of Wales. On April 25, his son, the future Edward II of England, is born at Caernarfon Castle in Wales.source
  • 1295March 5 – Battle of Maes Moydog: English forces led by William de Beauchamp, 9th Earl of Warwick defeat the Welsh rebels (some 700 men), near the modern-day town of Llanfair Caereinion in Wales. In a night attack on the Welsh infantry, William uses cavalry to drive them into compact formations, which are then shot up by his archers. Madog ap Llywelyn, proclaimed "Prince of Wales", and the remnants of his army are routed and retreat across the Banwy River, in which many drown.source

14th century

  • 1301February 7 – The 16-year-old Prince Edward of Caernarfon, son and heir of King Edward I ("Edward Longshanks"), becomes the first English Prince of Wales and is also granted the royal lands in Wales.source
  • 1359probable – Owain Glyndŵr, last Welsh Prince of Wales (died 1416)source
  • 1376November 20 – Richard of Bordeaux, son of the Black Prince, is created Prince of Wales in succession to his father.source
  • 1400September 16 – Owain Glyndŵr is proclaimed Prince of Wales by his followers, and begins attacking English strongholds in northeast Wales.source

15th century

  • 1404June 21 – The formal coronation of Owain Glyndŵr as Prince of Wales takes place at Harlech.source
  • 1408September 23 – Henry, Prince of Wales (later Henry V of England) retakes Aberystwyth from Owain Glyndŵr.source
  • 1413March 21 – Henry, Prince of Wales becomes King Henry V of England the day after the death of his father Henry IV.source
  • 1471June 26 – Edward of York, the 7-month-old son of King Edward IV of England, is created Prince of Wales, two months after his father has regained the throne.source
  • 1474May 28 – The English royal title of Duke of York is created by King Edward IV for his second-born son, Prince Richard. Thereafter, the title of Duke of York is reserved for the second son of the English monarch, while the title of Prince of Wales is reserved for the first-born son.source
  • 1483September 8 – Edward of Middleham, the 7-year-old son of King Richard III of England, is given the title of Prince of Wales and designated the heir apparent to the throne. However, Edward will die less than a year later on April 9.source
  • 1489November 29 – Arthur Tudor, heir apparent to the throne of England as the son of King Henry VII, is named Prince of Wales.source

16th century

  • 1502April – Gerald FitzGerald, later Earl of Kildare, at the age of 15, played the principal role in the funeral ceremony for Henry VII's eldest son Arthur, Prince of Wales in Worcester Cathedral.source
  • 150418 February – Henry Tudor created Prince of Wales following the death of his elder brother Arthur, Prince of Wales two years earliersource
  • 1504February 18 – The investiture of Prince Henry of England as Prince of Wales and Earl of Chester takes place.source

17th century

  • 1616November 4 – Prince Charles (15-year-old surviving son of James I of England and Anne of Denmark) is invested as Prince of Wales at Whitehall in London, the last such formal investiture until 1911.source

18th century

  • 17028 March – Anne, daughter of King James II, comes to the throne of Great Britain. Since her only surviving son had died prior to her accession, there is no prospective Prince of Wales.source
  • 1727June 22 (July 11 Old Style) – George, Prince of Wales, becomes King George II of Great Britain, on the death of his father.source
  • 1729January 8 – Frederick, the eldest son of King George II of Great Britain is made Prince of Wales at the age of 21, a few months after he comes to Britain for the first time after growing up in Hanover. For 23 years, Frederick is heir apparent to the British throne, but dies of a lung injury in 1751.source
  • 17298 January – Frederick, the eldest son of George II, is made Prince of Wales at the age of 21, a few months after he comes to Britain for the first time after growing up in Hanover. For 23 years, he will be heir apparent to the British throne but dies of a lung injury in 1751.source
  • 17298 January - Prince Frederick, son of King George II, is created Prince of Wales, nearly two years after his father's accession.source
  • 1737February – The House of Commons debates whether to increase the Prince of Wales's Civil List allowance after his father, the king, turns down his request. Parliament decides to reject the idea of an increase.source
  • 1751April 20 – A month after the death of his father, 12-year old Prince George William Frederick is formally invested as the new Prince of Wales. Nine years later, Prince George becomes King George III upon the death of his grandfather, King George II.source
  • 175120 April – George, eldest son of the late Frederick, Prince of Wales, is made Prince of Wales.source

19th century

  • 18418 December - The month-old Albert Edward, eldest son of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom, is created Prince of Wales by letters patent.source

20th century

  • 1901January 22 – Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom dies at Osborne House on the Isle of Wight. She is 81 years old and, having ruled for nearly 64 years, will be the second longest-reigning monarch in British history. Her eldest son, Prince Albert Edward, "Bertie", the longest-serving Prince of Wales to this time, succeeds his mother at the age of 59, reigning as King Edward VII, of the United Kingdom and in innovation the British Dominions and also becoming Emperor of India.source
  • 1958July 26 – Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom announces that she is giving her son Prince Charles the customary title for the heir apparent of Prince of Wales. The announcement is made at the end of the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games, held in Cardiff.source

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