1901 CE

President William McKinley is assassinated, making Theodore Roosevelt president; Queen Victoria dies, ending the Victorian era; The Anglo-Aro War expands British colonial rule in present-day Nigeria; The Boxer Protocol ends the Boxer Rebellion; The Battle of Holy Apostles Monastery marks the last major Armenian resistance in Eastern Anatolia; The Federation of Australia unites six colonies into the Commonwealth of Australia.

In the 1900s, the 20th century.

1901 at a glance

World population: about 1.64 billion Our World in Data
United States: William McKinley, then Theodore Roosevelt (President) Wikipedia rev. 1377869146
United Kingdom: Victoria (Queen); Edward VII (King); Robert Gascoyne-Cecil (Prime minister) Wikipedia rev. 1377869146
Russian Empire: Nicholas II (Emperor) Wikipedia rev. 1377869146
Qing dynasty: Guangxu (Emperor) Wikipedia rev. 1377869146
French Third Republic: Émile Loubet (President); Pierre Waldeck-Rousseau (President of the Council of ministers) Wikipedia rev. 1377869146
German Empire: Wilhelm II (Emperor); Bernhard von Bülow (Chancellor) Wikipedia rev. 1377869146

Who led every country in 1901 →

Geopolitics & Diplomacy

January 1 – Nigeria becomes a British protectorate.source
January 1 – The British colonies of New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia federate as the Commonwealth of Australia; Edmund Barton becomes the first Prime Minister of Australia.source
February 12 – Viceroy of India Lord Curzon creates the new North-West Frontier Province in the north of the Punjab region, bordering Afghanistan.source
February 14 – Edward VII opens his first parliament of the United Kingdom.source
February 15 – Giuseppe Zanardelli forms a new government with Giovanni Giolitti as Interior minister, that would last until 3 November 1903. Giolitti, who was considered to be the true leader of the cabinet, would dominate Italian politics until World War I, a period known as the Giolittian Era in which Italy experienced an industrial expansion, the rise of organised labour and the emergence of an active Catholic political movement.Italy source
February 20 – The Hawaii Territory Legislature convenes for the first time.source
February 23 – The United Kingdom and Germany agree on the frontier between German East Africa and Nyasaland.source
23 February – Germany agrees the frontier between German East Africa and the British colony of Nyasaland with the United Kingdom.Germany source
March 1 – The United Kingdom, Germany and Japan protest the Sino-Russian agreement on Manchuria.source
March 2 – The United States Congress passes the Platt Amendment, limiting the autonomy of Cuba as a condition for the withdrawal of American troops.source
March 4 – President William McKinley begins his second term; Theodore Roosevelt is sworn in as Vice President.United States source
April 19 – The First Philippine Republic is formally dissolved, after president Emilio Aguinaldo calls all Filipino forces to lay down arms and cease hostilities.source
May 5 – The Caste War of Yucatán in Mexico officially ends, although Mayan skirmishers continue sporadic fighting for another decade.source
May 9 – The first Australian Parliament opens in Melbourne.source
17 May – José Manuel Álvarez becomes Governor of Córdoba.Argentina source
May 19: Spanish general election, 1901Spain source
June 12 – Cuba becomes a United States protectorate.source
July 4 – William Howard Taft becomes Governor-General of the Philippines.source
24 July – Peter Adler Alberti is appointed Minister for Iceland.Iceland source
July 31 – US Philippine Commission Act 183 is enacted, incorporating Manila as the country's first city; it would take effect on August 7.Philippines source
September 7 – The Boxer Protocol is signed between the Qing Empire of China and the Eight-Nation Alliance. Japan is represented by the Minister for Foreign Affairs Komura Jutarō.Japan source
September 14 – Vice President Theodore Roosevelt becomes the 26th president of the United States, upon President William McKinley's death.source
6 October - Legislative electionPortugal source
December 3 – The Immigration Restriction Act 1901 is passed by the new Parliament of Australia as the basis of a White Australia policy.source
December 3 – U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt delivers a 20,000-word speech to the United States House of Representatives asking Congress to curb the power of trusts "within reasonable limits".source

Conflict & Security

January 9 – Lord Kitchener reports that Christiaan de Wet has shot one of the "peace" envoys, and flogged two more, who had gone to his commando to ask the Burgher citizens of South Africa to halt fighting.source
23 February 23–27 August – Battle of AguadulceColombia source
February 27 – The Sultan of Turkey orders 50,000 troops to the Bulgarian frontier because of unrest in Macedonia.source
March 5 – Irish nationalist demonstrators are ejected by police from the House of Commons of the United Kingdom in London.source
March 6 – In Bremen, an assassination attempt is made on Wilhelm II, German Emperor.source
6 March – Kaiser Wilhelm II survives an assassination attempt in Bremen.Germany source
March 23 – General Emilio Aguinaldo is captured in Palanan, Isabela by US authorities.Philippines source
April 29 – Anti-Semitic rioting breaks out in Budapest.source
June 18 – British peace campaigner Emily Hobhouse reports on the high mortality and cruel conditions in the Second Boer War concentration camps.source
September 6 – Assassination of William McKinley: American anarchist Leon Czolgosz shoots U.S. President William McKinley at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. McKinley dies 8 days later.source
September 7 – The Boxer Rebellion in Qing dynasty China officially ends with the signing of the Boxer Protocol.source
September 7 – The Boxer Protocol is signed in China's capital Beijing between the Qing Empire of China and the Eight-Nation Alliance after China's defeat in the intervention to put down the 1990 Boxer Rebellion. Italy is granted a concession in Tientsin from the Chinese government.Italy source
7 September – End of the Boxer Rebellion.Russia source
September 28 – Philippine–American War: Balangiga massacre: Filipino guerrillas kill more than forty United States soldiers in a surprise attack in the town of Balangiga.source
28 September – Essendon beats Collingwood 6.7 (43) to 2.4 (16) in the 1901 VFL grand finalAustralia source
November 18 – Boer commandos invade the Cape Colony and come to within 50 miles of Cape Town.South Africa source
Indian Tolls (Army & Air Force) ActIndia source

Exploration & Expansion

January 31 – A new emigration law (Law 23 of 31 January 1901) creates the Commissariat of Emigration, a technical organ under the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, to unify migration services hitherto dispersed among various ministries. The law of 1901 and subsequent legislation empowered the Commissariat to grant licenses to carriers, enforcing fixed ticket costs, keeping order at ports of embarkation, providing health inspection for those leaving, setting up hostels and care facilities and arranging agreements with receiving countries to help care for those arriving. The Commissariat tried to take care of emigrants before they left and after they arrived. The law was ratified with decree 375 of 10 July 1901. Seasonal migration had developed across the Atlantic: peasants from southern Italy went to work in the Argentina or the United States in November and returned in the spring for agricultural jobs in Italy. Most emigrants came back, but over 1.5 million Italians must have left their native country for good between 1901 and 1911.Italy source
24 February - The Expointer agricultural show is launched in Porto Alegre.Brazil source
May 28 – D'Arcy Concession: Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar of Persia grants British businessman William Knox D'Arcy a concession giving him an exclusive right to prospect for oil.source
6 June – Discovery leaves Dundee for London in preparation for its expedition south.Scotland source
August 6 – Discovery Expedition: Robert Falcon Scott sets sail from Britain on the RRS Discovery to explore the Ross Sea in Antarctica.source
September 16 – The Duke and Duchess of Cornwall and York (later King George V and Queen Mary) arrive in Quebec City. They visit all provinces (except Prince Edward Island) and the districts of Assiniboia and Alberta in the North-West Territories. They also visit Newfoundland before leaving North America.Canada source
October 4 – The American yacht Columbia defeats the Irish Shamrock in the America's Cup yachting race in New York.United States source
October 24 – Michigan schoolteacher Annie Edson Taylor goes over Niagara Falls in a barrel and survives.source
November 1 – Standard Bank opens its second branch in Johannesburg on Eloff Street.South Africa source
December - Scientist José María Sobral joins the Swedish Antarctic Expedition in Buenos Aires, thus becoming the first Argentine to set foot on Antarctica.Argentina source
The New Zealand red ensign became the official flag for merchant vessels.New Zealand source

Religion & Belief

January 1 – Pentecostalism is born, at a prayer meeting at Bethel Bible College in Topeka, Kansas.United States source
January 18 – Pope Leo XIII issues the encyclical Graves de communi re on Christian Democracy.Italy source
January – Samuel Thomas Evans becomes the last QC appointed by Queen Victoria.Wales source
March 18 – The province of Masbate is founded.Philippines source
March 22 — Gabrielle Roy, a prominent French Canadian author, was born. She would go on to become one of Canada's most celebrated writers.Canada source
22 May – The foundation stone for St John's Cathedral, Brisbane, is laid by The Duke of Cornwall and York (later George V). the church celebrated 100 years of construction in 2006 and is the only gothic-style stone building under construction anywhere in the world.Australia source
25 July – Bishop Antoon Stillemans consecrates Church of St Anthony of Padua, GhentBelgium source
Union of the Synod of Otago and Southland with the Northern Presbyterian Church to form the Presbyterian Church of Aotearoa New Zealand.New Zealand source

Economy & Finance

February 25 – U.S. Steel is incorporated by industrialist J. P. Morgan, as the first billion-dollar corporation.source
February 25 – U.S. Steel, the first billion-dollar corporation and at some time the world's largest producer of steel, is incorporated by industrialist J. P. Morgan.United States source
31 March – National census. 26% of the Scottish population live in Glasgow or Edinburgh.Scotland source
May 17 – Panic of 1901: The New York Stock Exchange crashes.source
November 30 – Finance Minister Paolo Carcano announces a surplus of 41,000,000 lire (US$7,800,000) for the past financial year and anticipated a surplus of 13,000,000 lire for 1901–02. Italy is the only great power in Europe in a good financial position.Italy source
Splošno slovensko žensko društvo, the first women's organisation in Slovenia, is founded.source
AB Lux, as the predecessor of Electrolux, founded in Sweden.source
The Bulgarian Women's Union is founded.source
The 1901 Canadian census took place, having a large focus on the labour force, income, and wage class.Canada source
The Barry's Tea company was founded in Cork.Ireland source
New Zealand rejects the proposal to become a state in the Commonwealth of AustraliaNew Zealand source
Imperial Tobacco founded by W. H. Wills.United Kingdom source
Gomer Berry and William Ewart Berry co-found Advertising World.Wales source

Technology & Infrastructure

1 January – The Constitution of Australia comes into force, as the federation of Australia is complete. John Hope, 7th Earl of Hopetoun appoints Edmund Barton as the first Prime Minister following the Hopetoun blunder of 1900. Hopetoun had himself been commissioned as the first Governor-General of Australia by Queen Victoria in letters patent dated 29 October 1900 prior to the Constitution coming into force.Australia source
January 10 – In the first great Texas gusher, oil is discovered at Spindletop in Beaumont, Texas.United States source
March 31 – The United Kingdom Census 1901 is taken. The number of people employed in manufacturing is at its highest-ever level.source
16 May – TS King Edward is launched at William Denny and Brothers' shipyard in Dumbarton. The first commercial merchant vessel propelled by steam turbines, she enters excursion service on the Firth of Clyde on 1 July.Scotland source
June 15 – RMS Lucania is the first Cunard Line ship to receive a wireless radio set.source
July 4 – The 1,282 foot (390 m) covered bridge crossing the Saint John River at Hartland, New Brunswick, Canada opens. It is the longest covered bridge in the world.source
July 10 – The world's first passenger-carrying trolleybus in regular service operates on the Biela Valley Trolleybus route at Königstein, Germany.source
10 July – Bielathal, Königstein, Saxony, launches the world's first regular passenger-carrying trolleybus service.Germany source
August 14 – The first claimed powered flight is made, by German-born American aviator Gustave Whitehead, in his Number 21, in Connecticut.source
August 30 – Hubert Cecil Booth patents an electric vacuum cleaner, in the United Kingdom.source
October 2 – The British Royal Navy's first submarine, Holland 1, is launched at Barrow-in-Furness.source
November 9 – The electric tramline in Cape Town is extended from Sea Point to Camps Bay.South Africa source
November 18 – The Hay–Pauncefote Treaty is signed by the United Kingdom and United States, allowing the U.S. to build the Panama Canal under its sole control.source
28 November – Øksnehallen opens in the Meatpacking District in Copenhagen.Denmark source
December 12 – Guglielmo Marconi receives the first trans-Atlantic radio signal, sent from Poldhu, England, to St. John's, Newfoundland; it is the letter "S" in Morse code.source
December 12 — Guglielmo Marconi receives a transatlantic radio message at St. John's, Newfoundland.Canada source
December 20 – The final spike is driven into the Mombasa–Victoria–Uganda Railway, in modern-day Kisumu, Kenya.source
American businessman William S. Harley draws up plans for his first prototype motorcycle.source
German engineer Richard Fiedler invents the modern flamethrower, the Kleinflammenwerfer.source
Unknown date – Imabari Shipbuilding was founded, as predecessor name was Higaki Shipbuilding in Ehime Prefecture.Japan source

Science & Discovery

March 1 – The 1901 Census of India is taken, the fourth, and first reliable, census of the British Raj.source
21 March – SY Discovery (later named RRS Discovery) is formally launched in Dundee.Scotland source
26 May – Russian cruiser Boyarin launched without presence of the Imperial Russian Army.Russia source
July 1 – The Bureau of Chemistry is established within the United States Department of Agriculture.United States source
August 5 – Peter O'Connor sets the first International Association of Athletics Federations recognised long jump world record, of 24 ft 11¾ ins (7.61m). The record will stand for 20 years.source
September – The first Filipino members of the second Philippine Commission are appointedPhilippines source
October 4 – The American yacht Columbia defeats the British Shamrock in the America's Cup yachting race in New York.source
19 October - Aviator Alberto Santos-Dumont wins the Deutsch de la Meurthe prize with a flight that rounds the Eiffel Tower,Brazil source
Mahatma Gandhi embarks at Durban for Mauritius en route to Bombay.South Africa source
The okapi is observed for the first time by Europeans (previously known only to African natives).source
New Zealand inventor Ernest Godward invents the spiral hairpin.source
The first reliable census in India is taken.India source
A name ordinance is put in legal effect, regulating the uses of first names, surnames and family names.Sweden source

Health & Medicine

January 5 – Typhoid fever breaks out in a Seattle jail, the first of two typhoid outbreaks in the United States during the year.United States source
23 February - The Instituto Butantan is launched by biomedical scientist Vital Brazil.Brazil source
July 16 – The Fawcett Commission is established to look at living conditions of women and children, including water supply, sanitation, medical care and the mortality and birth rates in the concentration camps.South Africa source
12 September — The Nurses Registration Act 1901 is passed.New Zealand source
November 25 – Auguste Deter is first examined by German psychiatrist Dr. Alois Alzheimer, leading to a diagnosis of the condition that will carry Alzheimer's name.source
25 November – Dr. Alois Alzheimer examines Auguste Deter, eventually leading to a diagnosis of the condition that will carry Alzheimer's name.Germany source
23 December – The Immigration Restriction Act 1901 comes into force, instituting the White Australia Policy.Australia source
American retail pharmacy Walgreens is founded in Chicago.source
The first kindergarten with public support in Denmark is established and inaugurated at Enghave Plads in the Vesterbro district of Copenhagen. Private kindergartens had been known since 1871.Denmark source
Women are given four weeks maternity leave.Sweden source

Crime & Justice

July 1 – The first United Kingdom Fingerprint Bureau is established at Scotland Yard, the Metropolitan Police headquarters in London, by Edward Henry.source
2 August – Deposits of coal discovered at As in the province of LimburgBelgium source
October 22 – The Royal Commission of Inquiry into Naples, presided by senator Giuseppe Saredo, that investigated corruption and bad governance in the city of Naples presents its report. The inquiry unearthed a serious situation of corruption, clientelism and general inefficiency and an extensive political patronage system, the so-called "administrative Camorra" or "high Camorra"; the corrupt class of Neapolitan executive in charge of city governments between the 1880s and 1890s. The commission was established in November 1900. The Saredo Commission's report discredited the Liberal politicians of Naples, who were voted from office in the local elections of November 1901.Italy source
October 29 – In Amherst, New York, nurse Jane Toppan is arrested for murdering the Davis family of Boston with an overdose of morphine; she will confess to at least 31 killings.source
October 29 – In Amherst, New Hampshire, nurse Jane Toppan is arrested for murdering the Davis family of Boston with an overdose of morphine; she will confess to at least 31 killings.United States source
5 November – Revenue wins the Melbourne Cup.Australia source
December 22 – On Peace Sunday Charles Frederic Aked (1864–1941), a Baptist minister in Liverpool, says: "Great Britain cannot win the battles without resorting to the last despicable cowardice of the most loathsome cur on earth; the act of striking a brave man's heart through his wife's honour and his child's life. The cowardly war has been conducted by methods of barbarism... the concentration camps have been Murder Camps." A crowd follows him home and breaks the windows of his house.South Africa source
Men: Arthur Duncan (Wellington) – 3rd titleNew Zealand source
Easter (Påsk), play by August Strindberg.Sweden source
The Dau Wynne – A Maid of CymruWales source

Disasters & Accidents

February 5 – In Evansville, Indiana, a fire burns through the business district, causing $175,000 of damage.United States source
February 22 – The Pacific Mail Steamship Company's SS City of Rio de Janeiro sinks entering San Francisco Bay, killing 128.source
May 3 – The Great Fire of 1901 begins in Jacksonville, Florida.source
May 3 – The Great Fire of 1901 in Jacksonville, Florida, begins.United States source
8 June – Customs depot in Antwerp burns outBelgium source
August 4 – Lieutenant-general Paul Methuen destroys the village of Schweizer-Reneke under the British scorched earth policy.South Africa source
August 10 – U.S. Steel recognition strike of 1901: Members of the Amalgamated Association of Iron, Steel, and Tin Workers begin a strike against United States Steel Corporation after failing to reach a settlement of their demands, and 14,000 employees walk off of the job.United States source
12 August – 2/3 of the town of Farsund burns down.Norway source
October 24 – Michigan schoolteacher Annie Taylor goes down Niagara Falls in a barrel and survives.United States source
22 December – Charles Aked, a Baptist minister in Liverpool, protests about the Second Boer War concentration camps. A crowd follows him home and breaks the windows of his house.United Kingdom source

Climate & Environment

February 26 – The Middelburg peace conference fails in South Africa, as Boers continue to demand autonomy.source
February 26 – The Middelburg peace conference fails as Boers continue to demand autonomy.South Africa source
March 31 – A 7.2 Mw Black Sea earthquake occurs off the northeast coast of Bulgaria, with a maximum intensity of X (Extreme). A destructive tsunami affects the province of Dobrich.source
June 18 – Emily Hobhouse reports on the high mortality and cruel conditions in the Second Boer War concentration campsSouth Africa source
12 July – Maidenhead enters the UK Weather Records with the highest sixty-minute total rainfall at 92mm. As of April 2021 this record remains.United Kingdom source
October 30 – The 5.5 Mw Salò earthquake shakes northern Italy with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VII–VIII (Very strong–Severe) causing some buildings to collapse.Italy source
16 November — A 6.9 magnitude earthquake occurs in CheviotNew Zealand source
December 14 – An earthquake estimated of magnitude 7.8 shakes Lucena, Tayabas (now Quezon province when re-established in 1946).Philippines source

Culture & Society

January 31 – Anton Chekhov's play Three Sisters (Три сeстры, Tri sestry) is premiered at the Moscow Art Theatre.source
February 2 – The State funeral of Queen Victoria, held at St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle, UK, is attended by many European royals, including Kaiser Wilhelm II and Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria.source
March 17 – The first large-scale showing of Van Gogh's paintings takes place in Paris, as 71 are shown at the Bernheim-Jeune gallery, 11 years after his death.source
25 March – The Argentine Regional Workers' Federation, a syndicalist movement, is founded.Argentina source
April 20 – Japan Women's University is established.Japan source
May 25 – The Club Atlético River Plate is founded in Argentina.source
5 June - The Correio da Manhã newspaper is published for the first time.Brazil source
June 16 – The Italian Federation of Metalworkers (Italian: Federazione Impiegati Operai Metallurgici, FIOM), a trade union representing workers in the metal and engineering industries in Italy, is founded at a conference in Livorno. By 1902 it had 50,000 members. In 1901-02, the socialist trade union movement experienced rapid growth. Many new unions were formed, mostly as federations of existing local or craft unions. By 1902, nearly 250,000 industrial workers were organised in socialist national federations.Italy source
June 24 – The first showing of Picasso's paintings in Paris as the 19-year-old Spanish artist exhibits his work at Ambroise Vollard's gallery.source
June 24 – English Association Football Club Brighton & Hove Albion is formed by John Jackson to replace the amateur Brighton and Hove Rangers, following a meeting at the Seven Stars Hotel on Ship Street, Brighton.source
25 June – Chilean presidential election, 1901Chile source
August 21 – The International Secretariat of National Trade Union Centres is founded in Copenhagen.source
August 28 – Silliman Institute, later known as Silliman University, is established as the first American university in the PhilippinesPhilippines source
September 5 – The National Association of Professional Baseball Leagues (later renamed Minor League Baseball), is formed in Chicago.source
November 1 – The Sigma Phi Epsilon college fraternity is founded in Richmond, Virginia.source
November 9 – Rachmaninoff's Piano Concerto No. 2 is premiered in Moscow with the composer playing the solo part.source
November 15 – The Alpha Sigma Alpha fraternity is founded at Longwood University in Farmville, Virginia.source
December 10 – The first Nobel Prize ceremony is held in Stockholm, on the fifth anniversary of Alfred Nobel's death.source
The Intercollegiate Prohibition Association is established in Chicago.source
Powers of Darkness is published.Iceland source
Founding of the socialist newspaper La Bandera Roja in Castro UrdialesSpain source

Births

January 3 – Ngô Đình Diệm, 1st President of South Vietnam (died 1963)source
10 January – Gabriel Turbay, politician and physician (died 1947)Colombia source
January 16 – Fulgencio Batista, Cuban leader (died 1973)source
February 1 – Clark Gable, American actor (died 1960)source
February 3: Ramón J. Sender, novelist (died 1982)Spain source
February 28 – Linus Pauling, American chemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry and Peace (died 1994)source
April 3 – Khalil Esfandiary-Bakhtiary, Persian ambassador.Iran source
April 13 – Jacques Lacan, French psychoanalyst, psychiatrist (died 1981)source
April 29 – Hirohito, Emperor of Japan (died 1989)source
May 7 – Gary Cooper, American actor (died 1961)source
June 6 – Sukarno, 1st president of Indonesia (died 1970)source
June 13 – Tage Erlander, Swedish politician, 25th prime minister of Sweden (died 1985)source
July 7 – Eiji Tsuburaya, Japanese film director and special effects designer (died 1970)source
August 4 – Louis Armstrong, American jazz musician (died 1971)source
October 20 – Adelaide Hall, American jazz singer, entertainer (died 1993)source
December 5 – Walt Disney, American animator, film producer (died 1966)source
December 5 – Werner Heisenberg, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1976)source
24 December – Nina Negri, artist (died 1981)Argentina source

Deaths

9 January – Santos Acosta, general and political figure (b.1828)Colombia source
January 22 – Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom dies at Osborne House on the Isle of Wight. She is 81 years old and, having ruled for nearly 64 years, will be the second longest-reigning monarch in British history. Her eldest son, Prince Albert Edward, "Bertie", the longest-serving Prince of Wales to this time, succeeds his mother at the age of 59, reigning as King Edward VII, of the United Kingdom and in innovation the British Dominions and also becoming Emperor of India.source
January 22 – Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom, Empress of India (born 1819)source
January 27 – Giuseppe Verdi, Italian composer (born 1813)source
February 3 – Fukuzawa Yukichi, writer and educator (born 1835)Japan source
February 26 – Chi-hsui and Hsu-cheng-yu, Boxer Rebellion leaders, are executed in Peking.source
March 13 – Benjamin Harrison, 23rd President of the United States (born 1833)source
April 3 – Richard D'Oyly Carte, English impresario (born 1844)source
May 11 – Muhammad Baqir Sharif Tabatabae, Iranian Islamic scholar.Iran source
May 24 – 81 miners are killed in an accident at Universal Colliery, Senghenydd in South Wales.source
August 5 – Victoria, Princess Royal (born 1840)source
August 12 – Francesco Crispi, 11th Prime Minister of Italy (born 1819)source
23 August – Enrique Tornú, physician and hygienist (born 1865)Argentina source
September 9 – Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, French painter (born 1864)source
September 14 – William McKinley, 25th President of the United States (assassinated) (born 1843)source
October 1 – Abdur Rahman Khan, Emir of Afghanistan (born 1844)source
October 29 – Leon Czolgosz is executed in the electric chair for the assassination of William McKinley in Buffalo, New York on September 6.source
November 7 – Li Hongzhang, Chinese general (born 1823)source