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William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke

Anglo-Norman soldier and statesman (1146-1219)

22 dated entries naming William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke, drawn from 18 separate years between 1147 CE and 1219 CE. Nothing here is written by us: each line is the sentence a Wikipedia year article used, and the link beside it opens the exact revision.

Also written as William Marshal, Earl of Pembroke, William the Marshall in the source articles; Wikipedia redirects those to the same subject, so their entries are on this page.

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12th century

  • 1147William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke (died 1219)source
  • 1152Stephen besieges Newbury Castle and holds the young William as a hostage to ensure that his father, John Marshal, keeps his promise to surrender the castle. When John refuses to comply, Stephen threatened to have the young boy catapulted over the walls. After this, William remains a crown hostage for many months.source
  • 115812-year-old William Marshal is sent from England to the Château de Tancarville in Normandy to be brought up in the household of William de Tancarville, a cousin of William's mother. He begins his training as a knight; this also includes academic studies, practical lessons in chivalry and courtly life, and warfare and combat (using wooden swords and spears).source
  • 1166Anglo-Norman soldier William Marshal is knighted while on campaign in Normandy; he will be described as "the greatest knight that ever lived".source
  • 1168March 27 – Patrick of Salisbury, Angevin governor of Poitou, is killed in an ambush at Poitiers by French forces under Guy of Lusignan. He is escorting Queen Eleanor of Aquitaine on a journey near the border of Aquitaine. Patrick's nephew, William Marshal, is part of the royal escort and is taken prisoner. Later he is ransomed and becomes a member of Eleanor's household.source
  • 1170June 14 – King Henry II has his 15-year-old son, Henry the Young King, crowned by Roger, Archbishop of York, as junior king and heir to the English throne. The coronation drives Pope Alexander III to allow the exiled Thomas Becket (whose privilege as Archbishop of Canterbury to crown English monarchs has been infringed) to lay an interdict on England as punishment, and this threat forces Henry to negotiate with Becket. Sir William Marshal is appointed tutor-in-arms to Henry the Young King.source
  • 1182William Marshal, Norman knight and head of the household of Henry the Young King, is accused of having an affair with Henry's wife, Queen Margaret of France. Although contemporary chroniclers doubt the truth of these accusations. Henry starts the process to have his marriage annulled, William leaves the royal retinue, undergoing a period of self-imposed exile, and goes on a pilgrimage to Cologne.source
  • 1189August – William Marshal marries the 17-year-old Isabel de Clare (daughter of Richard de Clare). Through this marriage, he becomes 1st Earl of Pembroke, acquiring huge estates in England, Normandy, Wales and Ireland.source
  • 1190Cartmel Priory is founded by William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke, in England.source
  • 1195Kilkenny Castle was built by William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke, to control a fording-point of the River Nore and the junction of several routeways.source
  • 1199May 26 – John returns to London and chooses people to help him to rule the kingdom. He appoints Archbishop Hubert Walter as his advisor and chancellor. Geoffrey Fitz Peter is chosen as Chief Justiciar and William (the Marshal) becomes Marshal of John's household. On May 27, John is crowned as king of England at Westminster Abbey.source

13th century

  • 1203William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke founded Tintern Abbey (County Wexford)source
  • 1203August – Siege of Château Gaillard: French forces under Philip II begin the siege at Château Gaillard as part of a campaign to reconquer the continental properties of King John of England. During the winter of 1203/1204, the English under William Marshal attempt to relieve the castle.source
  • 1204Duiske Abbey founded by William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke.source
  • 1207Callan, County Kilkenny was founded by William the Marshall.source
  • 1208Autumn – William Marshal is recalled and humiliated by King John at court in London, while John gives his justiciar in Ireland, Meiler Fitzhenry the order to invade Marshal's lands there, burning the town of New Ross.source
  • 1216October 19 – Nine-year-old Henry III succeeds his father, King John of England, when the latter dies of dysentery at Newark Castle, Nottinghamshire. William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke, becomes regent.source
  • 1217May 20 – Battle of Lincoln: Henry III's forces led by William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke defeat the French army of Prince Louis and the rebel barons who are besieging Lincoln Castle. During the battle, Thomas, Comte du Perche is killed and Louis is expelled from his base in the southeast of England. The looting that takes place afterward is known as the "Lincoln Fair". The citizens of Lincoln are loyal to Louis so Henry's forces sack the city. To the south, inhabitants of towns between Lincoln and London ambush and kill many of the French soldiers.source
  • 1217May 20 – Second Battle of Lincoln: English relief forces under the command of William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke defeat French troops at Lincoln Castle, during the First Barons' War. Thomas, Count of Perche, commanding the French troops, was killed and Louis VIII of France was expelled from his base in the southeast of England.source
  • 1217September 5 or 6 – Negotiations between Louis VIII of France and regent William Marshal, on behalf of the young King Henry III of England start at either Staines on 6 September, because the royal court was nearby at Chertsey or possibly on 5 September on an island of the Thames near Kingston.source
  • 1217September 12 and 13 – Louis VIII of France and Henry III of England, together with Henry's mother Isabella of Angoulême, Cardinal Guala and William Marshal, came to an agreement on the final Treaty of Kingston.source
  • 1219May 14 – William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke (born 1146)source

Named in the same entries