1082 CE

Battle of Mailberg: Duke Vratislaus II of Bohemia invades Austria with an army of 8,000 men (supported by mercenaries from Moravia and Bavaria). He defeats the forces under Margrave Leopold II ("the Fair") near Mailberg. The northern region of Lower Austria is devastated from pillage and famine. Count Ramon Berenguer II of Barcelona is killed while hunting in the woods. He is succeeded by his twin brother Berenguer Ramon II as the sole ruler of Catalonia (modern Spain). Approximate date – The Korean printing of the entire Buddhist Tripiṭaka is completed.

In the 1080s, the 11th century.

Geopolitics & Diplomacy

  • Byzantine–Venetian treaty: Alexios I signs a trade and defence pact with Venice, in the form of an imperial Golden Bull. He grants the Venetians a commercial colony in Constantinople, as well as free trading and exemption from taxes, throughout the Byzantine Empire in return for their defense of the Adriatic Sea against the Normans.source

Conflict & Security

  • May 12 – Battle of Mailberg: Duke Vratislaus II of Bohemia invades Austria with an army of 8,000 men (supported by mercenaries from Moravia and Bavaria). He defeats the forces under Margrave Leopold II ("the Fair") near Mailberg. The northern region of Lower Austria is devastated from pillage and famine.source
  • Adalbero, margrave of Styria, is forced to resign in favor of his brother Ottokar II, who is an ally of Gregory VII.source
  • Spring – The Normans under Duke Robert Guiscard take Dyrrhachium (modern-day Durrës) in Illyria and advance inland, capturing most of Macedonia and Thessaly. Robert is forced to leave Greece to deal with an uprising in Italy. He leaves his son Bohemond in charge of the army, who lays siege to the city of Larissa. Emperor Alexios I Komnenos mobilizes a new army, and with the support of 7,000 Seljuk Turks he clears Thessaly from the Normans.source

Religion & Belief

  • Construction of the Rochester Cathedral is completed in England.source
  • Approximate date – The Korean printing of the entire Buddhist Tripiṭaka is completed.source
  • Winter – Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor, leads an expedition into Italy and besieges Rome. He gains entry and a synod is agreed upon by the Romans to rule on the dispute between Henry and Pope Gregory VII.source

Technology & Infrastructure

  • The first mention of the town of Hofgeismar (modern Germany) is recorded.source

Births

  • June 7 – Huizong, emperor of the Song dynasty (died 1135)source
  • November 11 – Ramon Berenguer III, count of Barcelona (died 1132)source
  • Minamoto no Yoshikuni, Japanese samurai (died 1155)source
  • Mary of Scotland, countess of Boulogne (died 1116)source
  • Petronilla of Lorraine, countess and regent of Holland (died 1144)source
  • Muhammad I Tapar, sultan of the Seljuk Empire (died 1118)source
  • Goswin of Anchin, French Benedictine monk and abbot (died 1165)source
  • Yaropolk II Vladimirovich, Grand Prince of Kiev (died 1139)source
  • Ulrich of Attems, Italian noblemansource
  • Theotonius of Coimbra, Portuguese royal advisor (died 1162)source

Deaths

  • April 2/3 (or 1081) – Bolesław II the Bold, king of Polandsource
  • December 5 – Ramon Berenguer II, count of Barcelonasource
  • December 6 – Count Ramon Berenguer II of Barcelona is killed while hunting in the woods. He is succeeded by his twin brother Berenguer Ramon II as the sole ruler of Catalonia (modern Spain).source
  • Lothair Udo II, margrave of the Nordmarksource
  • Arsen Ninotsmindeli, Georgian bishop and calligraphersource
  • Waleran I (or Walram), count of Arlon and Limburgsource
  • David of Munktorp, English Cluniac monk and abbotsource
  • Approximate date – Robert de Grandmesnil, Norman noblemansource