1086 CE

Pope Victor III succeeds Gregory VII as the 158th pope of the Catholic Church, though he does not accept election until 1087. King William the Conqueror calls for a meeting at Old Sarum, where he invites his major vassals and tenants-in-chief to swear allegiance to him. This is known as the Oath of Salisbury. Battle of Sagrajas: Spanish forces under King Alfonso VI ("the Brave") of Castile are defeated by the Moors and their allies, the Almoravids, who have been invited to help on orders by Emir Al-Mu'tamid ibn Abbad.

In the 1080s, the 11th century.

Conflict & Security

  • October 23 – Battle of Sagrajas: Spanish forces under King Alfonso VI ("the Brave") of Castile are defeated by the Moors and their allies, the Almoravids, who have been invited to help on orders by Emir Al-Mu'tamid ibn Abbad.source
  • Siege of Syracuse (1086) – Norman forces under Count Roger I ("Bosso") conquer Syracuse, the last Muslim stronghold in Sicily.source

Religion & Belief

  • May 24 – Pope Victor III succeeds Gregory VII as the 158th pope of the Catholic Church, though he does not accept election until 1087.source

Health & Medicine

  • The population in England is estimated to be 1.25 million citizens with 10% living in boroughs.source

Disasters & Accidents

  • Sultan Malik-Shah I rebuilds the Imam Ali Mosque in Najaf (modern Iraq), after it was destroyed by fire.source

Culture & Society

  • August 1 – King William the Conqueror calls for a meeting at Old Sarum, where he invites his major vassals and tenants-in-chief to swear allegiance to him. This is known as the Oath of Salisbury.source
  • The Domesday Book is completed. Drawn up on the orders of William I; it describes in detail the landholdings and resources in England.source

Births

  • April 24 – Ramiro II ("the Monk"), king of Aragon (died 1157)source
  • August 11 – Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor (died 1125)source
  • August 20 – Bolesław III Wrymouth, duke of Poland (died 1138)source
  • Zhang Jun, Chinese general and official (died 1154)source
  • al-Shahrastani, Persian scholar and historian (died 1153)source
  • Þorlákur Runólfsson, Icelandic bishop (died 1133)source
  • Vicelinus, bishop of Oldenburg in Holstein (died 1154)source

Deaths

  • March 15 – Richilde, countess and regent of Flanderssource
  • March 18 – Anselm of Lucca, Italian bishop (born 1036)source
  • May 21 – Wang Anshi, Chinese chancellor (born 1021)source
  • July 10 – Canute IV ("the Holy"), king of Denmarksource
  • July 14 – Toirdelbach Ua Briain, Irish king (born 1009)source
  • July 17 – García Ramírez, Aragonese bishopsource
  • August 8 – Conrad I, count of Luxembourg (born 1040)source
  • September 25 – William VIII, duke of Aquitainesource
  • October 11 – Sima Guang, Chinese politician (born 1019)source
  • October 23 – Rodrigo Muñoz, Galician noblemansource
  • December 25 – Judith of Bohemia, duchess of Polandsource
  • Gregory Pakourianos, Byzantine politician and general, killed in battlesource
  • Suleiman ibn Qutulmish, ruler of the Sultanate of Rum, killed in battlesource
  • Summer – Suleiman ibn Qutulmish, ruler of the Turks in Rum, is killed by Emir Tutush I in the battle of Ain Salm near Antioch. Suleiman's 7-year-old son Kilij Arslan I is captured and transferred as hostage to Isfahan (modern Iran).source