1083 CE

A Castilian army, under Count Gonzalo Salvadórez and his son-in-law Ramiro Garcés, Lord of Calahorra, child of the late King García Sánchez III of Pamplona, enters the surrendered bastion of Rueda, but are then treacherously set upon and killed. Gonzalo, Ramiro, and Ramiro's illegitimate half-brother Sancho Garcés are among the many nobles to lose their lives, in what will be remembered as the 'disaster' or 'treachery of Rueda'. While Robert Guiscard is in Italy, emperor Alexios I Komnenos retakes territory previously lost to the Normans, including the town of Kastoria. Several Normans, including Peter Aliphas, switch sides to the Byzantines. Reconquista: Castilian forces under Alfonso VI reconquer Talavera de la Reina in the Taifa of Toledo (modern Spain).

In the 1080s, the 11th century.

Geopolitics & Diplomacy

  • October – While Robert Guiscard is in Italy, emperor Alexios I Komnenos retakes territory previously lost to the Normans, including the town of Kastoria. Several Normans, including Peter Aliphas, switch sides to the Byzantines.source

Conflict & Security

  • January 6 – A Castilian army, under Count Gonzalo Salvadórez and his son-in-law Ramiro Garcés, Lord of Calahorra, child of the late King García Sánchez III of Pamplona, enters the surrendered bastion of Rueda, but are then treacherously set upon and killed. Gonzalo, Ramiro, and Ramiro's illegitimate half-brother Sancho Garcés are among the many nobles to lose their lives, in what will be remembered as the 'disaster' or 'treachery of Rueda'.source
  • King Sancho Ramírez of Pamplona and Aragon, conquers Graus (located in the Pyrenees).source
  • Ceuta falls to the Almoravids, after a five-year siege.source

Exploration & Expansion

  • King William the Conqueror imprisons his half-brother Odo of Bayeux for planning a military expedition to Italy.source
  • Reconquista: Castilian forces under Alfonso VI reconquer Talavera de la Reina in the Taifa of Toledo (modern Spain).source

Religion & Belief

  • Summer – Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor besieges Pope Gregory VII in Castel Sant'Angelo at Rome.source

Births

  • December 1 – Anna Komnene, Byzantine princess (died 1153)source
  • Viacheslav I Vladimirovich, Grand Prince of Kiev (died 1154)source
  • Florine of Burgundy, French noblewoman and crusader (died 1097)source
  • Qadi Iyad, Almoravid imam and chief judge (qadi) (died 1149)source
  • Raymond du Puy, French knight and Grand Master (died 1160)source
  • Otto IV, count palatine of Bavaria (approximate date)source
  • Shin Panthagu, Burmese Buddhist monk and primate (died 1174)source
  • Jindřich Zdík (or Henry Zdík), bishop of Olomouc (died 1150)source
  • Li Gang, Chinese politician and Grand Chancellor (died 1140)source

Deaths

  • January 6 – Gonzalo Salvadórez, Spanish noblemansource
  • January 6 – Sancho Garcés, Spanish noblemansource
  • January 6 – Ramiro Garcés, Spanish noblemansource
  • January 11 – Otto of Nordheim, duke of Bavariasource
  • September 2 – Munjong of Goryeo, Korean ruler (born 1019)source
  • November 2 – Matilda of Flanders, queen consort of Englandsource
  • December 5 – Sunjong of Goryeo, Korean ruler (born 1047)source
  • Touzi Yiqing, Chinese Zen Buddhist monk (died 1032)source
  • Nicodemus of Palermo, Italian bishop and saintsource
  • Approximate date – Theodora Doukaina Selvo, Venetian dogaressa (born 1058)source
  • Ermengarde of Tonnerre, French noblewomansource
  • Adelelm of Jumièges, Norman monk and abbotsource
  • Zeng Gong, Chinese scholar and historian (born 1019)source
  • Basil Apokapes (or Apocapes), Byzantine generalsource