1380 CE

Simon Sudbury, the Archbishop of Canterbury, becomes the new Lord Chancellor of England, succeeding Baron Scrope of Bolton. Sudbury will continue in office as both archbishop and lord chancellor until his assassination on June 14, 1381, during the Peasants' Revolt. The impostor Tagaris follows his donation of relics to Ancona with what he claims is one of the nails from the True Cross upon which Jesus of Nazareth had been crucified in the first century, as well as a foot from the skeleton of Saint Anne, mother of the Virgin Mary and grandmother of Jesus. His claims are believed by the leaders of Ancona and he is appointed as the Latin Patriarch of Constantinople by Pope Urban VI . Sheikh Karimul Makhdum, a Syrian Sunni Muslim missionary, brings the religion of Islam to the Philippine Islands by establishing a mosque on the island of Tawi-Tawi. The date of November 7 is now celebrated annually as a holiday in the Bangsamoro region of the Philippines.

In the 1380s, the 14th century.

Geopolitics & Diplomacy

  • January 16 – The fourth parliament of King Richard II assembles at Westminster after being summoned on October 20 for a six week session. The House of Commons elects Sir John Guildesborough as Speaker of the House.source
  • May 31 – Grand Duke of Lithuania Jogaila signs the secret Treaty of Dovydiškės, with the Teutonic Knights. This sparks a civil war with his uncle Kęstutis.source
  • August 26 – King Richard II of England summons the English Parliament five months after the dissolution of the previous meeting, and directs the members of the House of Commons and House of Lords to assemble on November 5 at Westminster.source
  • September 16 – Charles V of France is succeeded by his twelve-year-old son, Charles VI.source
  • November 5 – The English parliament assembles, and the House of Commons re-elects Sir John Guildesborough as its speaker.source
  • December 6 – The English parliament adjourns and King Richard II gives royal assent to laws passed during the 31 day session, including an act providing that "All vessels of wine, honey, and oil brought into this realm shall be gauged" and a general pardon of "escapes and felons and clerks convict."source
  • The Hongwu Emperor purges the chancellor of China, Hu Weiyong, and abolishes that office, as he imposes direct imperial rule over the six ministries of central government, for the Ming Empire.source
  • The last islands of Polynesia are discovered and inhabited.source

Conflict & Security

  • January 1 – The Republic of Venice's Admiral Carlo Zeno returns to Venice with 18 ships, after the city is on the verge of falling to conquest by the Republic of Genoa.source
  • January 30 – Simon Sudbury, the Archbishop of Canterbury, becomes the new Lord Chancellor of England, succeeding Baron Scrope of Bolton. Sudbury will continue in office as both archbishop and lord chancellor until his assassination on June 14, 1381, during the Peasants' Revolt.source
  • February 12 – Hu Weiyong, the Grand Chancellor of Ming dynasty China, is accused of treason and executed as the Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang (Emperor Hongwu) begins a purge of over 30,000 people perceived as opponents of the Imperial government.source
  • March 13 – The southern England town of Winchelsea in East Sussex is attacked and burned by an expeditionary force from France for a second time.source
  • June 24 – At the Battle of Chioggia, the navy of the Republic of Venice, with 48 galleys, defeats the invading fleet of the Republic of Genoa, clearing a blockade of the Venetian harbor, regaining control of the Adriatic Sea, and beginning the dominance of the Venetian Navy. Venice supplements its fleet with the capture of 17 of Genoa's ships.source
  • September 8 – At the Battle of Kulikovo, Russian forces under Grand Prince Dmitry Donskoy of Moscow resist a large invasion, led by Mamai Khan, commander of the Blue Horde of Lithuania and Ryazan, stopping their advance.source
  • Khan Tokhtamysh of the White Horde dethrones Mamai of the Blue Horde. The two hordes unite to form the Golden Horde.source

Religion & Belief

  • March 4 – The impostor Paul Palaiologos Tagaris becomes noticed by the Eastern Orthodox church when he donates a purported Christian relic, the skull of James the Just, the 1st century leader of the Church of Jerusalem, to the city of Ancona.source
  • April 17 – The impostor Tagaris follows his donation of relics to Ancona with what he claims is one of the nails from the True Cross upon which Jesus of Nazareth had been crucified in the first century, as well as a foot from the skeleton of Saint Anne, mother of the Virgin Mary and grandmother of Jesus. His claims are believed by the leaders of Ancona and he is appointed as the Latin Patriarch of Constantinople by Pope Urban VI .source
  • November 7 – Sheikh Karimul Makhdum, a Syrian Sunni Muslim missionary, brings the religion of Islam to the Philippine Islands by establishing a mosque on the island of Tawi-Tawi. The date of November 7 is now celebrated annually as a holiday in the Bangsamoro region of the Philippines.source
  • The imposter Paul Palaiologos Tagaris, having been appointed Latin Patriarch of Constantinople by Pope Urban VI, takes up residence in his see at Chalcis.source
  • Karim Al-Makhdum arrives in Jolo, and builds a mosque.source

Economy & Finance

  • The Companhia das Naus is founded by King Ferdinand I of Portugal.source

Crime & Justice

  • Sir William Walworth, a member of the Fishmongers Guild, becomes Lord Mayor of London for the second time.source

Culture & Society

  • October 2 – Caterina Visconti marries her first cousin, Gian Galeazzo Visconti, later Duke of Milan, at the Church of San Giovanni in Conca.source
  • November 3 – Charles VI of France, who succeeded his father (Charles V of France) in September, is crowned.source

Births

  • February 11 – Gian Francesco Poggio Bracciolini, Italian humanist (died 1459)source
  • September 8 – Saint Bernardino of Siena, Italian Franciscan missionary (died 1444)source
  • November 27 – King Ferdinand I of Aragon (died 1416)source
  • Jan Želivský, Hussite priest (died 1422)source
  • Nguyễn Trãi, Confucian scholar (died 1442)source
  • Huitzilihuitl II, 2nd Tlatoani (king) of Tenochtitlan (modern Mexico City), 1396–1417, father of Moctezuma I (died c. 1417)source
  • Thomas à Kempis, German monk and writer (died 1471)source
  • Abd al-Rahman ibn Muhammad al-Bistami, Ottoman Sufi (died 1455)source
  • Giovanni Berardi, Archbishop of Tarentum (died 1449)source
  • Parameshvara, Indian mathematician (died 1425)source
  • King Lukeni lua Nimi of the Kingdom of Kongo (died 1420)source
  • Anne de Bourbon, French noble (died 1408)source
  • Jamshīd al-Kāshī, Persian astronomer and mathematician (died 1429)source

Deaths

  • April 29 – Saint Catherine of Siena, Italian theologian (born 1347)source
  • May 5 – Saint Philotheos, Coptic martyrsource
  • July 13 – Bertrand du Guesclin, Constable of France (born c. 1320)source
  • July 26 – Emperor Kōmyō, former Emperor of Japan (born 1322)source
  • September 8 – Alexander Peresvet, venerated Russian Orthodox monk and champion of Kulikovosource
  • September 16 – King Charles V of France (born 1338)source
  • December 29 – Elizabeth of Poland, queen consort of Hungary (born 1305)source
  • Khadijah of the Maldives, sovereign sultan of the Maldivessource
  • Shams al-Dīn Abū Abd Allāh al-Khalīlī, Syrian astronomer (born 1320)source
  • Nissim of Gerona, Catalan rabbi (born 1320)source
  • Milo Sweetman, Archbishop of Armagh.Irelandsource
  • Donell Ó Dubhda, King of Ui Fiachrach Muaidhe.Irelandsource