/year

November 7 in history

235 sourced entries recorded on November 7, from 335 CE to 2025 CE. Every line is quoted from the revision it came from.

Events

  • 335Athanasius is banished to Trier, on the charge that he prevented the grain fleet from sailing to Constantinople.source
  • 680The Third Council of Constantinople (Sixth Ecumenical Council) opens in Constantinople to settle the theological controversies of monoenergism and monothelitism, ending September 16, 681.source
  • 921Treaty of Bonn: King Charles III (the Simple) and Henry I sign a peace treaty or 'pact of friendship' (amicitia) at a ceremony aboard a ship in the middle of the Rhine, recognising the border between their two Frankish kingdoms.source
  • 1185Battle of Demetritzes: A reinforced Byzantine army under Alexios Branas decisively defeats William II, ending his invasion of the Byzantine Empire. Thessaloniki is recaptured, and the Normans are pushed back to Italy. Many Norman ships are lost to storms.source
  • 1332Lucerne joins the Swiss Confederation with Uri, Schwyz, and Unterwalden.source
  • 1352Corpus Christi College is founded as a College of the University of Cambridge in England, by the Guilds of Corpus Christi and the Blessed Virgin Mary.source
  • 1380Sheikh Karimul Makhdum, a Syrian Sunni Muslim missionary, brings the religion of Islam to the Philippine Islands by establishing a mosque on the island of Tawi-Tawi. The date of November 7 is now celebrated annually as a holiday in the Bangsamoro region of the Philippines.source
  • 1419The Ottoman–Venetian peace treaty ends four years of conflict, by recognizing Venetian possessions in the Aegean and the Balkans.source
  • 1422After being returned to England from France, and then being taken on a two-day journey from Southwark to Temple Bar and thence to London, the body of the late King Henry V is buried at Westminster Abbey.source
  • 1426In Vietnam's Lam Sơn uprising against Chinese rule, Vietnamese rebels led by General Nguyễn Xí defeat a much larger force of the army of Ming dynasty China at the Battle of Tot Dong and Chuc Dong near what is now Hanoi, with at least 20,000 of the 54,000 Chinese troops killed.source
  • 1460King James II of Cyprus orders his chief minister, George Boustronios, to travel to Larnaca, and to round up "both the serfs and emancipated peasants, both mounted and on foot", to be delivered to the King at Nicosia to be drafted into the King's army, with the promise of benefits to the peasants and emancipation to the serfs.source
  • 1485The first session of the English Parliament under King Henry VII is opened, with Lovell elected as the Speaker of the House of Commons.source
  • 1491Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor and King Vladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary sign the Peace of Pressburg, formally ending the Austrian–Hungarian War.source
  • 1492The Ensisheim meteorite, a 127 kg meteorite, lands in a wheat field near the village of Ensisheim in Alsace.source
  • 1497Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama and his crew become the first Europeans to set foot on South African soil as the ship São Gabriel arrives at St Helena Bay and makes landfall.source
  • 1497Philibert II of Savoy (Filiberto II) becomes the new Duke of Savoy upon the death of his father, Philip II (Filippo II), who had reigned for only 19 months.source
  • 1497Philibert II becomes Duke of Savoysource
  • 1502Ismail I founds the Safavid dynasty and proclaims himself the Shah of Iran after defeating tribes of the Aq Qoyunlu confederation.source
  • 1504Christopher Columbus returns to Spain from his fourth voyage, during which he and his younger son, Ferdinand, explored the coast of Central America from Belize to Panama.source
  • 1520At the end of the third day of Christian's coronation feast, several leading figures of the Swedish resistance against the Danish invasion are imprisoned, and tried for high treason.source
  • 1520The coronation festivities is interrupted with the arrest of those implicated in the deposition of Trolle. Participants in the rebellion in Denmark, the amnesty are circumvented as they are sentenced to death for heresy by participation in the deposition of an arch bishop.source
  • 1595Portuguese explorer Sebastião Rodrigues Soromenho, who had departed from the Philippines on the ship San Agustin on July 5 with cargo of Asian silk, porcelain, and almost 100 passengers and crew, drops anchor at Drakes Bay in what is now the U.S. state of California. He and some of his crew come ashore, where they are greeted by Native Americans. A gale in a few weeks later sinks the San Agustin, killing at least 7 people and ruining the ship's cargo. The crew salvages a launch that they had brought with them.source
  • 1600Emperor Rudolf II grants an audience in Prague to Persian diplomats Husayn 'Ali Beg and Anthony Shirley, and present the offer of Persia's King Abbas the Great to supply weapons to the Empire in their fight against the Ottomans.source
  • 1607A Dutch warship commanded by Admiral Cornelis Matelief de Jonge arrives at the Malay Peninsula to attempt opening trade with the Pahang Sultanate, and get Pahang's assistance in the Dutch Navy's fight against the Portuguese Navy in Asian trade. Sultan Abdul Ghafur agrees to assistance in return for Dutch technical assistance.source
  • 1615The Portuguese freighter Nossa Senhora da Luz, carrying 150 crew and a cargo of Chinese and Burmese goods, sinks in a storm near the Azores.source
  • 1625November 1–7 – Cádiz Expedition: English forces commanded by Admiral George Villiers (which set out from Plymouth on October 8) are decisively defeated by the Spanish at Cádiz.source
  • 1627Shahryar Mirza, the 22-year-old son of Jahangir and son-in-law of Jahangir's widow Nur Jahan, is installed as the new Mughal Emperor at Lahore.source
  • 1659The Treaty of the Pyrenees is signed by representatives of Kings Louis XIV of France and Philip IV of Spain. Spain agrees to French acquisition of the counties of Roussillon and Upper Cerdanya (Principality of Catalonia) and most of Artois, formally ending the 24-year-long Franco-Spanish War.source
  • 1665The London Gazette is first published as The Oxford Gazette.source
  • 1665The London Gazette begins publication as The Oxford Gazette.source
  • 1690The opera Énée et Lavinie (Aeneas and Lavinia) by the French composer Pascal Collasse receives its first performance at the Académie Royale de Musique (the Paris Opera).source
  • 1693King Charles II of Spain issues a royal edict providing sanctuary in Spanish Florida for escaped slaves from the English colony of South Carolina.source
  • 1702The first performance of the opera Tancrède by André Campra takes place at the Théâtre du Palais-Royal in Paris.source
  • 1711The Dutch East India Company ship Liefde runs aground and sinks off Out Skerries, Shetland, with the loss of all but one of her 300 crew.source
  • 1711Dutch East Indiaman Liefde runs aground and sinks off Out Skerries, Shetland with the loss of all but one of her 300 crew.source
  • 1733France and Spain sign the treaty of Escurial and form an alliance against Britain.source
  • 1736Laurits S. Winther establishes a ropewalk at Sortebrødre Torv in Odense which will eventually become Roulunds Fabrikker.source
  • 1761The New London Harbor Light is first lit to guide ships into the Connecticut harbor; the lighthouse, only the fourth to be built has been in continuous operation for more than 250 years.source
  • 1773Richard Morris makes his will.source
  • 1775American Revolution: John Murray, 4th Earl of Dunmore, British royal governor of the Colony of Virginia, signs Dunmore's Proclamation, declaring martial law and offering freedom to slaves of Patriots who run away from their owners and join the Loyalist forces (formal proclamation November 15) thus losing the support of planters who see slaves as their vital livelihood.source
  • 1783the last public execution at Tyburn, London, is held, of highwayman John Austin for murder.source
  • 1786The oldest musical organization in the United States, the Stoughton Musical Society, is founded.source
  • 1787Louis XVI signs the Edict of Versailles, giving religious freedom to non-Catholics in France.source
  • 1791The Custom House in Dublin opens for business, having been completed under the supervision of James Gandon.source
  • 1805The Lewis and Clark Expedition arrives at the Pacific Ocean.source
  • 1808December 5 - Siege of Roses (1808)source
  • 1811Battle of Tippecanoe: American troops led by William Henry Harrison defeat the Native American spiritual leader Tenskwatawa, also known as The Prophet (Chief Tecumseh's brother).source
  • 1811Battle of Tippecanoe: American troops led by William Henry Harrison defeat the Native American chief Tecumseh.source
  • 1825The U.S. Senate ratifies the treaty with the Shawnee tribe.source
  • 1825Beauchamp–Sharp Tragedy: Lawyer Jereboam O. Beauchamp murders Kentucky legislator Solomon P. Sharp in a family feud, becaming the first person legally executed in the state.source
  • 1831Slave trading is forbidden in Brazil.source
  • 1837In Alton, Illinois, abolitionist printer Elijah P. Lovejoy is shot and killed by a pro-slavery mob while he attempts to protect his printing shop from being destroyed a fourth time.source
  • 1840U.S. presidential election, 1840: William Henry Harrison defeats Martin Van Buren.source
  • 1841Slaves bound for sale in New Orleans take control of the Creole, eventually sailing to freedom in British Nassau.source
  • 1847November 4–8 – James Young Simpson discovers the anesthetic properties of chloroform and first uses it, successfully, on a patient, in an obstetric case in Edinburgh.source
  • 18481848 United States presidential election: Whig Zachary Taylor of Louisiana defeats Democrat Lewis Cass of Michigan, in the first U.S. presidential election held in every state on the same day.source
  • 1852Théodore de Montpellier consecrated as bishop of Liège in succession to Cornelius van Bommel.source
  • 1861Battle of Belmont – In Belmont, Missouri, Union forces led by General Ulysses S. Grant (in his first combat leadership role) overrun a Confederate camp, but are forced to retreat when Confederate reinforcements arrive.source
  • 1861The first Melbourne Cup is held. It is won by Archer. (List of Melbourne Cup winners).source
  • 1864The capital of Idaho Territory is moved from Lewiston to Boise; North Idaho declares the move illegal, and proposes secession.source
  • 1866The Ruse–Varna railway line (the first railway in Bulgaria) officially opens.source
  • 1868The Battle of Moturoa, New Zealand, ends in a British defeat, due to an underestimate of Tītokowaru and his fortifications. There are heavy casualties for the colonial army and light casualties for the Māori defenders.source
  • 1871The London–Australia telegraph cable is brought ashore at Darwin.source
  • 1871The Pearl wins the Melbourne Cupsource
  • 1872The Mary Celeste sets sail from New York; bound for Genoa, Italy.source
  • 1872The Mary Celeste sets sail from New York, bound for Genoa.source
  • 1873Alexander Mackenzie becomes the second Prime Minister of Canada.source
  • 1873Third Carlist War: Battle of Montejurra – Determined to recapture the key city of Estella in Navarre, Spanish Republican General Domingo Moriones advances on the Carlists under General Joaquín Elío at nearby Montejurra. After very heavy fighting both sides claim victory, but Moriones withdraws, and Estella remains in Carlist hands. Don Carlos is present in the front line.source
  • 1874Harper's Weekly publishes a cartoon by Thomas Nast which is the first use of an elephant as a symbol for the Republican Party in the United States.source
  • 18761876 United States presidential election: After long and heated disputes, Rutherford B. Hayes is eventually declared the winner over Samuel J. Tilden.source
  • 1876The 1876 presidential election ends indecisively with 184 Electoral College votes for Samuel J. Tilden, 165 for Rutherford B. Hayes, and 20 in dispute. The new president (Hayes) is not decided until 1877.source
  • 1876A failed grave robbery of the Lincoln Tomb takes place this night.source
  • 1884Calgary is incorporated as a town, changing its name from Fort Calgarysource
  • 1885Canadian Pacific Railway: At Craigellachie, British Columbia, the last spike is driven on a railway extending across Canada. Prime Minister John A. Macdonald considers the project to be vital to Canada, due to the exponentially greater potential for military mobility.source
  • 1885The Last Spike of the Canadian Pacific Railway at Craigellachie, British Columbia. John A. Macdonald receives a telegram announcing that the first train from Montreal in Quebec is approaching the Pacific.source
  • 1893Colorado women are granted the right to vote.source
  • 1893Aarhus Municipal Hospital opens with a building designed by architect Thomas Arboe.source
  • 1894The Masonic Grande Loge de France is founded, splitting from the larger and older Grand Orient de France.source
  • 1898The final meeting of the Cuban Assembly of the República de Cuba en Armas, which had been founded in 1895 during the Cuban War of Independence, is called to order by General Calixto García in the city of Santa Cruz del Sur. Domingo Méndez Capote is elected as president of the assembly.source
  • 1899(October 26 Old Style) – Anton Chekhov's Uncle Vanya receives its Russian metropolitan première at the Moscow Art Theatre.source
  • 19001900 Canadian federal election: Liberal incumbent Sir Wilfrid Laurier is reelected by defeating Conservative leader Sir Charles Tupper again after having done that in the 1896 Canadian federal election.source
  • 1900The Treaty of Washington is signed, clarifying the Spanish Empire's cession of the Philippines as agreed by the 1898 Treaty of Paris.source
  • 1905Blue Spec wins the Melbourne Cup.source
  • 1909Giovanni Cuniolo wins the 5th Giro di Lombardia bicycle race.source
  • 1910The first air flight for the purpose of delivering commercial freight takes place in the United States. The flight, made by Wright brothers pilot Philip Parmalee, is between Dayton and Columbus, Ohio.source
  • 1913November 7–11 – The Great Lakes Storm of 1913 kills more than 250.source
  • 1913November 7–11 – The Great Lakes Storm of 1913 in North America claims 19 ships, and more than 250 lives.source
  • 1913November 7 – November 8 – A storm on the Great Lakes sinks some thirty-four shipssource
  • 1914Siege of Tsingtao: The Japanese and British seize Jiaozhou Bay in China, the base of the German East Asia Squadron.source
  • 1916Republican Jeannette Rankin of Montana becomes the first woman elected to the United States House of Representatives.source
  • 19161916 United States presidential election: Democratic President Woodrow Wilson narrowly defeats Republican Charles Evans Hughes, when California is called a week after Election Day.source
  • 1916Radio station 2XG, located in the Highbridge section of New York City, makes the first audio broadcast of presidential election returns.source
  • 1917Women's Suffrage in the United States: Women win the right to vote in New York State.source
  • 1917Iran (which has provided weapons for Russia) refuses to support the Allied Forces after the October Revolution.source
  • 1917WWI: The Battle of Hareira and Sheria continues, when the XX Corps and Desert Mounted Corps capture Hareira and Sheria, marking the end of the Ottoman Gaza to Beersheba line.source
  • 1917WWI – Third Battle of Gaza: The British Army XXI Corps occupies Gaza, after the Ottoman garrison withdraws.source
  • 1917(N.S.) (October 25, O.S.) – October Revolution in Russia: The workers of the Petrograd Soviet in Russia, led by the Bolshevik Party and leader Vladimir Lenin, storm the Winter Palace and successfully destroy the Kerensky Provisional Government after less than eight months of rule. This immediately triggers the Russian Civil War.source
  • 1917Iran refuses to support the Allied Forces after the October Revolution.source
  • 1917World War I: Third Battle of Gaza ends – British forces capture Gaza from the Ottoman Empire.source
  • 1919The first of the Palmer Raids is conducted on the second anniversary of the Russian Revolution: over 10,000 suspected communists and anarchists are arrested in 23 different U.S. cities by the end of January 1920.source
  • 1929In New York City, the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) opens to the public. The first exhibition Cézanne, Gauguin, van Gogh and Seurat (November 7 – December 7) is seen by 47.000 visitors; the curator is Alfred H. Barr.source
  • 1931The Chinese Soviet Republic is proclaimed by Mao Zedong.source
  • 1931November 4–18 - Jiangqiao Campaignsource
  • 1931Red China News Agency (a predecessor of the Xinhua News Agency) is officially founded, and news wire service start in Ruijin, Jiangxi Province, China.source
  • 1932Buck Rogers in the 25th Century debuts on American radio. It is the first science fiction program on radio.source
  • 1940November 2–8 – WWII: Greco-Italian War – Battle of Elaia–Kalamas in Epirus: Outnumbered Greek forces repel the Italian Army.source
  • 1940In Tacoma, Washington, the 600 ft-long center span of the Tacoma Narrows Bridge (known as Galloping Gertie) collapses.source
  • 1941WWII: The Soviet hospital ship Armenia is sunk by German aircraft while evacuating refugees, wounded military and the staff of several Crimean hospitals. It is estimated that more than 5,000 die in the sinking.source
  • 19441944 United States presidential election: Franklin D. Roosevelt wins reelection over Republican challenger Thomas E. Dewey, becoming the only U.S. president elected to a fourth term.source
  • 1944Lakshmikanthan murder case and ensuing arrest of various prominent figures from Tamil cinema.source
  • 1949Oil is discovered beneath the Caspian Sea, off the coast of the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic.source
  • 1956Suez Crisis: The United Nations General Assembly adopts a resolution calling for the United Kingdom, France and Israel to withdraw their troops from Arab lands immediately.source
  • 1956The 2nd Soviet Antarctic Expedition leaves Kaliningradsource
  • 1961Woodrow Lloyd becomes premier of Saskatchewan, replacing Tommy Douglassource
  • 1963November 7 – 11 German miners are rescued from a collapsed mine after 14 days in what becomes known as the "Wunder von Lengede" ("miracle of Lengede").source
  • 1963The star-studded movie It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World premieres in Los Angeles.source
  • 1965A Fatah cell that infiltrated from Jordan blew up a house in Moshav Givat Yeshayahu, south of Beit Shemesh. The house was destroyed, but the inhabitants were unhurt.source
  • 1967U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Public Broadcasting Act of 1967, establishing the Corporation for Public Broadcasting.source
  • 1967The 50th anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution is celebrated in the Soviet Union.source
  • 1967Carl B. Stokes is elected Mayor of Cleveland, Ohio, becoming the first African American elected mayor of a major United States city.source
  • 1968Start of the 1968 movement in Pakistan, which leads to the resignation of General Ayub Khan, and ultimately the split of the country and formation of Bangladesh.source
  • 1968start of 1968 movement in Pakistansource
  • 19721972 United States presidential election: Republican incumbent Richard Nixon defeats Democratic Senator George McGovern in a landslide. The election has the lowest voter turnout since 1948, with only 55 percent of the electorate voting.source
  • 1973The Congress of the United States overrides President Richard Nixon's veto of the War Powers Resolution, which limits presidential power to wage war without congressional approval.source
  • 1975After a successful coup d'état Major Gen. Ziaur Rahman proclaims himself deputy martial law administrator with Chief Justice Sayem as Chief Martial Law Administrator.source
  • 1975President Ferdinand Marcos issues Presidential Decree 824 creating the Metropolitan Manila Commission (MMC). It integrates the city of Manila and adjacent Quezon City with the cities of Pasay and Caloocan and municipalities of Makati, Mandaluyong, San Juan, Las Piñas, Malabon, Navotas, Pasig, Pateros, Parañaque, Marikina, Muntinlupa, and Taguig from the province of Rizal and the municipality of Valenzuela from the province of Bulacan to form Metropolitan Manila.source
  • 1975A vapor cloud explosion at a petroleum cracking facility in Geleen, Netherlands, leaves 14 dead and 109 injured, with fires lasting for five days.source
  • 1979U.S. Senator Ted Kennedy announces that he will challenge President Jimmy Carter for the 1980 Democratic presidential nomination.source
  • 1983Able Archer 83: Many Soviet officials misinterpret this NATO exercise as a nuclear first strike, causing the last nuclear scare of the Cold War.source
  • 19831983 U.S. Senate bombing: A bomb explodes in the United States Senate with the intent to kill Republican senators; no one is injured. The perpetrators are members of the May 19th Communist Organization.source
  • 1985Heavy rainfall in Istanbulsource
  • 1987Zine El Abidine Ben Ali assumes the Presidency of Tunisia.source
  • 1987The initial section of the MRT, between Yio Chu Kang and Toa Payoh, was opened.source
  • 1987Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) system in Singapore opens for passenger service.source
  • 1987The Soviet Union celebrates the 70th Anniversary of The October Revolution with a Parade on Moscow's Red Square.source
  • 1988The Tower of Power transmitter was inaugurated by President Aquino and GMA Network board of directors following the transmitter's opening and a musical special.source
  • 1989David Dinkins becomes the first African-American mayor of New York City.source
  • 1990Indian Prime Minister Singh resigns over losing a confidence vote in the Parliament of India, having lost the support of Hindus who want a Muslim mosque in Ayodhya torn down to build a Hindu temple.source
  • 1990The final military parade to mark the anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution takes place in the USSR.source
  • 1990Mary Robinson defeats odds-on favorite Brian Lenihan to become the first female President of Ireland.source
  • 1991The first report on carbon nanotubes is published by Sumio Iijima in Nature.source
  • 1994WXYC, the student radio station of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, provides the world's first internet radio broadcast.source
  • 1995Typhoon Angela leaves the Philippines and Vietnam devastated, with 882 deaths and US$315 million in damage. The typhoon is the strongest to strike the Philippines in 25 years, with wind speeds of 130 mph and gusts of 180 mph.source
  • 1996NASA launches the Mars Global Surveyor.source
  • 1996The opening of Taipei Astronomical Museum in Shilin District, Taipei City.source
  • 1996A category 4 cyclone strikes Andhra Pradesh, India, killing at least 1,000 people.source
  • 1996A devastating Category 4 Cyclone strikes Andhra Pradesh, India. The storm surge sweeps fishing villages out to sea, over 2,000 people die. 95% of the crops are completely destroyed.source
  • 20002000 United States presidential election: No winner can be declared, prompting a controversial recount in Florida.source
  • 2001Sabena, the national airline of Belgium, goes bankrupt.source
  • 2002A sovereignty referendum is held in Gibraltar. The people reject Spanish sovereignty.source
  • 2003President Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya is reelected for another term; he won the election with 67% of the popular vote.source
  • 2004The Second Battle of Fallujah begins in Fallujah, Iraq.source
  • 2005Sierra Leone Health and Sanitation, Abator Thomas says that polio has been eradicated in the country, following a successful immunization program.source
  • 2007Whistleblower website WikiLeaks leaks the standard US army protocol at Guantanamo Bay.source
  • 2007The Jokela school shooting happened in Finland.source
  • 20102010 parliamentary election was held.source
  • 2015CCP general secretary Xi Jinping and ROC president Ma Ying-jeou formally meet for the first time.source
  • 2019Former Congolese rebel leader Bosco Ntaganda is sentenced to 30 years in prison for war crimes and crimes against humanity, the longest sentence ever handed down by the International Criminal Court.source
  • 2020Hurricane Eta makes landfall in Nicaragua, killing over 100 people in Central America as a category 4.source
  • 2021October 31–November 13 – The 2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference is held in Glasgow, after being postponed in 2020 due to COVID-19. A deal is agreed by world leaders, which includes a "phasedown" of unabated coal power, a 30% cut in methane emissions by 2030, plans for a halt to deforestation by 2030, and increased financial support for developing countries.source
  • 2021Niger gold mine collapsesource
  • 2022November 6–November 18 – The 2022 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP27) on climate change mitigation takes place in Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt.source
  • 2023The Portuguese Prime Minister António Costa announces his pending resignation. The President of Portugal decides to dissolve the parliament and call for early elections to be held on 10 March 2024.source
  • 2025Mariam Cissé, a TikTok user known for praising the Malian Armed Forces, is abducted by armed men in Tonka, Tombouctou Region and executed in public.source

Births

  • 630Constans II, Byzantine emperor (died 668)source
  • 994Ibn Hazm, Andalusian historian and poet (died 1064)source
  • 1088Hemachandra, Indian Jain poet and polymath (died 1173)source
  • 1186Ögedei Khan, third son and successor of Genghis Khan (died 1241)source
  • 1316Simeon of Moscow, Russian Grand Prince (died 1353)source
  • 1414Jami, Persian poet (died 1492)source
  • 1453Filippo Beroaldo, philosopher and scholarsource
  • 1456Margaret of Bavaria, Electress Palatine and hereditary princess of Bavaria-Landshut (died 1501)source
  • 1474Lorenzo Campeggio, Italian Cardinal (died 1539)source
  • 1509Bernardino Telesio, Italian philosopher and natural scientist (died 1588)source
  • 1525Georg Cracow, German lawyer and politician (died 1575)source
  • 1567Margherita Farnese, Benedictine nun (died 1643)source
  • 1598Francisco de Zurbarán, Spanish painter (died 1664)source
  • 1685Jared Eliot, Connecticut farmer, author on horticulture (died 1763)source
  • 1687William Stukeley, English archaeologist (died 1765)source
  • 1687William Stukeley, archaeologist (died 1765)source
  • 1728James Cook killed by Hawaiian natives, cutting short his search for Northwest Passage. (died 1779)source
  • 1731Robert Rogers, army officer and author (died 1795).source
  • 1787Vuk Stefanović Karadžić, Serbian linguist, major reformer of the Serbian language (died 1864)source
  • 1831Mélanie Calvat, French Roman Catholic nun, Marian Visionary, canonized (died 1904)source
  • 1832Andrew Dickson White, American historian, diplomat and co-founder of Cornell University (died 1918)source
  • 1834Manuel José Yrarrázaval Larraín (died 1896)source
  • 1849Ernesto Hintze Ribeiro, politician (died 1907)source
  • 1867Marie Curie, Polish-born scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry and physics (died 1934)source
  • 1878Lise Meitner, German-Austrian physicist, discoverer of nuclear fission (died 1968)source
  • 1878Avrohom Yeshaya Karelitz, Belarusian-born Orthodox rabbi (died 1953)source
  • 1879Leon Trotsky, Russian revolutionary (died 1940)source
  • 1888Nestor Makhno, Ukrainian anarcho-communist revolutionary (died 1934)source
  • 1888C. V. Raman, Indian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1970)source
  • 1918Billy Graham, American evangelist, spiritual adviser to several U.S. Presidents (died 2018)source
  • 1943Joni Mitchell, Canadian musician (Big Yellow Taxi)source
  • 1996Lorde, New Zealand singer-songwritersource

Deaths

  • 691Cen Changqian, official of the Tang dynastysource
  • 691Ge Fuyuan, official of the Tang dynastysource
  • 927Zhu Shouyin, general of Later Tangsource
  • 1051Rotho, bishop of Paderbornsource
  • 1053Lazaros, Byzantine monk and stylitesource
  • 1057Lothair Udo I, German nobleman (born 994)source
  • 1173Uijong, Korean ruler Goryeo (born 1127)source
  • 1225Engelbert II of Berg, archbishop of Colognesource
  • 1306John of Strathbogie, Scottish nobleman and Justiciarsource
  • 1306John of Strathbogie, Earl of Atholl, captured after Battle of Methven, executed by hanging in Londonsource
  • 1497Philip II, Duke of Savoy (born 1443)source
  • 1497Philip II, Duke of Savoy (born 1438)source
  • 1551Murrough O'Brien, 1st Earl of Thomond, peer.source
  • 1561Jeanne de Jussie, Swiss nun and writer (born 1503)source
  • 1562Maldeo Rathore, Rao of Marwar (born 1511)source
  • 1633Cornelis Drebbel, Dutch inventor (born 1572)source
  • 1639Thomas Arundell, 1st Baron Arundell of Wardour, English politician (born c. 1560)source
  • 1639Thomas Arundell, 1st Baron Arundell of Wardour, politician (born c. 1560)source
  • 1652Henry of Nassau-Siegen, German count, officer in the Dutch Army, diplomat for the Dutch Republic (born 1611)source
  • 1659Jens Bjelke, nobleman, Chancellor of Norway (b.1580).source
  • 1706Daniel Price, Dean of St Asaph (date of birth unknown)source
  • 1713Elizabeth Barry, British actress (born 1658)source
  • 1714Charles Davenant, English economist, politician and pamphleteer (born 1656)source
  • 1819Caleb Strong, American politician (born 1745)source
  • 1823General Rafael del Riego is executed in Madrid for high treason.source
  • 1823Rafael del Riego, liberal politician, general and revolutionary; executed by Ferdinand VII for leading the liberal revolution against him (born 1784)source
  • 1837American abolitionist and newspaper editor Elijah Lovejoy is killed by a pro-slavery mob, at his warehouse in Alton, Illinois.source
  • 1837Elijah P. Lovejoy, American abolitionist (born 1802)source
  • 1838Anne Grant, Scottish poet (born 1755)source
  • 1862Bahadur Shah II, 19th and Last mughal emperor (born 1775)source
  • 1901Li Hongzhang, Chinese general (born 1823)source
  • 1908Butch Cassidy, American outlaw (born 1866)source
  • 1913Alfred Russel Wallace, Welsh biologist (born 1823)source
  • 1938Ernst vom Rath, the Third Secretary at the German Embassy in Paris, is assassinated by Herschel Grynszpan.source
  • 1944Election day rail accident in Puerto Rico: A passenger train derails at Aguadilla due to excessive speed on a downgrade; 16 are killed, 50 injured.source
  • 1962Eleanor Roosevelt, American politician, diplomat and activist, First Lady of the United States (born 1884)source
  • 1992Alexander Dubček, 70, Slovak politician, traffic accident.source
  • 1993Adelaide Hall, 92, American jazz singer and entertainer, pneumonia.source
  • 2016Leonard Cohen, 82, Canadian singer-songwriter ("Hallelujah", "Suzanne", "First We Take Manhattan"), poet and novelist, complications from a fall.source