/year

March 13 in history

217 sourced entries recorded on March 13, from 222 CE to 2025 CE. Every line is quoted from the revision it came from.

Events

  • 624(17 Ramadah 2 AH) The Battle of Badr takes place in what is now Saudi Arabia as Muhammad and some 300 of his followers from Medina surprise a reinforced Meccan caravan at Badr (modern-day Saudi Arabia) returning from Syria, and defeat about 1,000 Quraysh from Mecca. After having heard that clan leader Abu Sufyan is escorting a rich trade caravan, Muhammad has the wells along its route (southwest of Medina) filled with sand in order to lure him into battle.source
  • 874The remains of Saint Nikephorus I are interred in the Church of the Holy Apostles, in Constantinople.source
  • 1187Saladin leaves Damascus with his Muslim forces, and sends letters to neighboring countries, asking for volunteers for a forthcoming jihad ("Holy War"). A week later his younger brother Al-Adil, governor of Egypt, leads his forces out of Cairo towards Syria. Meanwhile, Saladin leaves an army under his 18-year-old son Al-Afdal at Busra, to keep watch on the 'Pilgrim road'.source
  • 1261Treaty of Nymphaeum: Emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos signs a trade and defense agreement with the Republic of Genoa, to counterweight the Venetian presence in the region. Genoa agrees to ally with the Empire of Nicaea, by providing a fleet of up to 50 galleys during the projected Nicaean siege of Constantinople, while 16 galleys are to be immediately sent against the Latin Empire.source
  • 1323Siege of Warangal: Sultan Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq sends an expeditionary army led by his son, Muhammad bin Tughluq, to the Kakatiya capital Warangal – after ruler Prataparudra has refused to make tribute payments. He besieges the city and finally, after a campaign of 8 months, Prataparudra surrenders on November 9.source
  • 1325The Treaty of Trausnitz is signed between the Duchy of Austria and the Kingdom of Bavaria. Austria's ruler, Frederick the Fair, is released from Trausnitz Castle, where he has been imprisoned for two and a half years by Ludwig the Bavarian, King of Germany, since his defeat in the Battle of Mühldorf in 1322.source
  • 1325(approximate date) – Tenochtitlan, the predecessor of Mexico City, is founded by the Mexica, led by Tenoch, on an island in Lake Texcoco.source
  • 1366Henry II deposes his half-brother, Pedro of Castile, to become King of Castile.source
  • 1377At Thang Long, capital of Dai Viet (now Hanoi, capital of the Republic of Vietnam), Tran Phe De succeeds his late father, Tran Due Tong as the Emperor of Dai Viet. However, the real power remains with Nghe Tong, the regent for Phe De.source
  • 1380The southern England town of Winchelsea in East Sussex is attacked and burned by an expeditionary force from France for a second time.source
  • 1383Michael de la Pole becomes the new Lord Chancellor of the England for King Richard II.source
  • 1385Officials in the Kingdom of Scotland discover that 700 pounds sterling of bullion has been taken from the customs collectors of Edinburgh by John Stewart, the Earl of Carrick, who diverted the funds while acting as Guardian of Scotland.source
  • 1401The Samogitians, supported by Grand Duke Vytautas of Lithuania, rebel against the Teutonic knights and burn two castles. Vytautas is granted increased autonomy by King Jogaila of the Poland–Lithuania union.source
  • 1415(4th waxing of Tagu 776 ME) At the decisive Battle of Dala in Myanmar, Crown Prince Minye Kyawswa of Ava leads his troops in the battle against the army of King Razdarit of Hanthawaddy. Prince Kyawswa is killed, but King Minkhaung's troops defeat the Hanthawaddy invaders and force their retreat.Yazawin Thit The loss for King Razdarit comes despite the advice of his astrologers for the date of the attack.source
  • 1447At Herat, Ulugh Beg (born Mirza Muhammad Taraghay) becomes the new ruler of the Timurid Empire upon the death of his father Sharukh Mirza, who had reigned for 42 years. The Empire is in decline but still controls most of what is now Afghanistan as well as parts of Iraq and Pakistan.source
  • 1456The papal bull Inter caetera is issued by Pope Callixtus III, recognizing the rights of the Kingdom of Portugal to colonize any territories its explorers discover on the West African coast, and making the non-Christian natives of those colonies perpetual vassals of the King of Portugal.source
  • 1490Carlo Giovanni Amedeo becomes Duke of Savoy at nine months old upon the death of his father, Carlo I di Savoia. his mother, Bianca di Monferrato, serves as regent.source
  • 1508The oldest annual foot race in Europe, the "Red Hose Race", is run for the first time, taking place in Scotland at Carnwath, Lanarkshire.source
  • 1509At Bourges, the French king Louis XII ratifies treaties that were concluded 10 December 1508, regarding the creation of the League of Cambrai.source
  • 1514Louis XII of France makes peace with Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor.source
  • 1516At the age of 9, Louis II of Jagiellon becomes the new King of Hungary, Croatia and Bohemia upon the death of his father, King Vladislaus II.source
  • 1567Battle of Oosterweel: A Spanish mercenary army surprises and kills a band of rebels near Antwerp in the Habsburg Netherlands, beginning the Eighty Years' War.source
  • 1569Battle of Jarnac: Royalist troops under Marshal Gaspard de Tavannes surprise and defeat the Huguenots under Louis I, Prince of Condé, who is captured and murdered. A substantial proportion of the Huguenot army manages to escape, under Gaspard II de Coligny.source
  • 1591Battle of Tondibi: In Mali, forces sent by the Saadi dynasty ruler of Morocco, Ahmad al-Mansur, and led by Judar Pasha, defeat the Songhai Empire, despite being outnumbered by at least five to one.source
  • 1610Galileo Galilei's treatise on astronomy, Sidereus Nuncius, the first printed scientific record of observations through a telescope, is first published.source
  • 1636March 13 (March 3 Old Style) – A "great charter" to the University of Oxford establishes the Oxford University Press, as the second of the privileged presses in England.source
  • 1639Harvard University is named for clergyman John Harvard.source
  • 1640March 8–13 – Siege of Galle: Dutch troops take the strategic fortress at Galle, Sri Lanka from the Portuguese.source
  • 1643First English Civil War: First Battle of Middlewich – Roundheads (Parliamentarians) rout the Cavaliers (Royalist supporters of King Charles I) at Middlewich in Cheshire.source
  • 1654The Treaty of Pereyaslav is concluded in the city of Pereyaslav during a meeting between the Cossacks of the Zaporozhian Host and Tsar Alexey I of Russia following the end to the Khmelnytsky Uprising in Ukraine, which started in 1648 and has resulted in the massacre of many thousands of Jews.source
  • 1654Magistrates of Antwerp issue regulations to limit the spread of plaguesource
  • 1656Dunkirkers fight with English ships near Goodwin Sands.source
  • 1657Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1660): With the Treaty of Paris, France and England form an alliance against Spain; England receives Dunkirk.source
  • 1671The Parliament of England addresses the King against the growth of popery.source
  • 1671the Parliament of England addresses the King against the growth of popery.source
  • 1697The Spanish conquest of Petén, and of Yucatán, is completed with the fall of Nojpetén, capital of the Itza Maya Kingdom, the last independent Maya state.source
  • 1718Daniel Overbeek becomes the new Dutch Governor of Ceylon (the modern-day nation of Sri Lanka), arriving after a 10-month sea voyage from the Netherlands.source
  • 1729Bussy Mansel, 4th Baron Mansel, marries Barbara Villiers, daughter of William Villiers, 2nd Earl of Jersey.source
  • 1741The British Royal Navy takes 180 warships, frigates and transport vessels, led by Admiral Edward Vernon, to threaten Cartagena, Colombia, with more than 27,000 crew against the 3,600 defenders.source
  • 1744The British ship Betty capsizes and sinks off of the Gold Coast (modern-day Ghana) near Anomabu. More than 200 people on board die, although there are a few survivors.source
  • 1767British Chancellor of the Exchequer Charles Townshend, having already pushed through the unpopular Townshend Acts to recoup war expenses from Britain's American colonies, presents a comprehensive plan for more taxes in a closed door session of the House of Commons, with most proposals passed within a month.source
  • 1773March 9–19 – Second voyage of James Cook: Tobias Furneaux in HMS Adventure explores the coast of Van Diemen's Land.source
  • 1781Sir William Herschel discovers the planet Uranus. Originally he calls it Georgium Sidus (George's Star), in honour of King George III.source
  • 1781Sir William Herschel discovers the planet Uranus. Originally he calls it Georgium Sidus (George's Star) in honour of King George III.source
  • 1786Construction begins in Dublin on the Four Courts Building, with the first stone laid down by the United Kingdom's Viceroy for Ireland, the Duke of Rutland.source
  • 1786Construction begins in Dublin on the Four Courts Building, with the first stone laid by the British Viceroy for Ireland, the Duke of Rutland.source
  • 1791Thomas Paine's chief work Rights of Man (first part) is published in London.source
  • 1795March 13–14 – War of the First Coalition Battle of Genoa: The British and Neapolitan fleets are victorious over the French.source
  • 1797Médée, an opera by Luigi Cherubini, is premiered in Paris.source
  • 1808Upon the death of Christian VII, Frederick VI becomes king of Denmark. The next day (March 14), Denmark declares war on Sweden.source
  • 1808Frederick VI becomes King, following the death of his father Christian VII.source
  • 1809A military coup ousts Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden; he is confined in Gripsholm Castle.source
  • 1811Battle of Lissa: The British fleet defeats the French.source
  • 1815Participants at the Congress of Vienna declare Napoleon an outlaw following his escape from Elbasource
  • 1820Clan Grant raid on Elgin in a disputed election to the town council.source
  • 1823The Battle of Jenipapo took place, where Brazilian patriots were defeated by Portuguese troops in Piauí during the Brazilian War of Independence.source
  • 1831March 13-15: Night of the Bottle Fight – A street fight between the Portuguese and the Brazilians.source
  • 1838A combination of rain and melting snow causes the Danube River to overflow its banks, washing away villages in western Hungary and inundating the twin cities that become Budapest. More than 150 people are drowned and Europe's nations come to Hungary's aid to prevent the spread of famine and disease.source
  • 1843Catawba County, North Carolina is created, and its first court is held in Mathias Barringer Jr.'s house.source
  • 1843March 11–14 – Eta Carinae flares, to become the second-brightest star.source
  • 1844The dictator Carlos Antonio López becomes first President of Paraguay.source
  • 1845The Violin Concerto by Felix Mendelssohn premieres in Leipzig, with Ferdinand David as soloist.source
  • 1846Ballinlass incident: eviction of 300 tenants at the village of Ballinlass in County Galway.source
  • 1848Prince Klemens von Metternich gives up office as State Chancellor and Foreign Minister of the Austrian Empire.source
  • 1861Tsushima incident: the Russian corvette Posadnik arrives at Tsushima Island in the Korea Strait, Japan, provoking a reaction from the Japan.source
  • 1862American Civil War: The U.S. federal government forbids all Union army officers from returning fugitive slaves, thus effectively annulling the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 and setting the stage for the Emancipation Proclamation.source
  • 1862A smallpox epidemic in San Francisco spreads to British Columbia.source
  • 1866The United States Congress overwhelmingly passes the Civil Rights Act of 1866, the first federal legislation to protect the rights of African-Americans; U.S. President Andrew Johnson vetoes the bill on March 27, and Congress overrides the veto on April 9.source
  • 1884The Siege of Khartoum begins in the Sudan as part of the Mahdist War: an Egyptian garrison led by British General Charles Gordon and Sudanese civilians are besieged by Mahdist forces; the city falls on January 26, 1885.source
  • 1884Daisy Bates married Breaker Morant.source
  • 1887Chester Greenwood patents earmuffs in the United States.source
  • 1888The De Beers diamond mining conglomerate is founded by Cecil Rhodes in Kimberley, Northern Cape (South Africa).source
  • 1888De Beers Consolidated Mines Ltd. is founded in Kimberley.source
  • 1889The Potchefstroom treaty is signed by Paul Kruger and F.W. Reitz, the respective Presidents of the South African Republic (ZAR) and the Orange Free State. The treaty binds each state to assist the other whenever either is unjustly attacked.source
  • 1892Ernest Louis, a grandson of Queen Victoria, becomes Grand Duke of Hesse and the Rhine on the death of his father, Grand Duke Louis IV.source
  • 1892The first edition of the newspaper Proletarul ('Proletarian') is published.source
  • 1896As the result of a pardon recognizing the excessive brutality of the repression of the Fasci Siciliani 120 prisoners are released, including the leaders of the movement Giuseppe de Felice Giuffrida, Rosario Garibaldi Bosco, Nicola Barbato and Bernardino Verro.source
  • 1897San Diego State University is founded.source
  • 1898Vladimir Lenin creates the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party in Minsk.source
  • 1900A Joint Diplomatic Delegation consisting of Abraham Fischer and C.H. Wessels for the Orange Free State and A.D.W. Wolmarans for the South African Republic, with J.M. de Bruin as secretary, embarks at Lourenço Marques for Europe and the United States, seeking international intervention in the South African War and aid for the beleaguered Boer republics.source
  • 1903Having abolished the Sokoto Caliphate in West Africa, the new British administration accepts the concession of its last vizier.source
  • 1905Mata Hari introduces her exotic dance act in the Musée Guimet, Paris.source
  • 1913Mexican Revolution: Pancho Villa returns to Mexico from his self-imposed exile in the United States.source
  • 1917The German Leather Museum in Offenbach am Main is opened by Hugo Eberhardt.source
  • 1920March 13–17 – Wolfgang Kapp and Walther von Lüttwitz's Kapp Putsch (an attempted coup in Germany) briefly ousts the Weimar Republic government from Berlin, but fails due to public resistance and a general strike.source
  • 1920Kapp Putsch: Wolfgang Kapp and Walther von Lüttwitz attempt to overthrow the Weimar Republic and establish an autocratic government in its place.source
  • 1920Scotland 3–0 Ireland (in Glasgow).source
  • 1921Occupation of Mongolia: The Russian White Army captures Mongolia from China; Roman von Ungern-Sternberg declares himself ruler.source
  • 1922Edward, Prince of Wales, inaugurates the Prince of Wales Royal Indian Military College in Dehradun, India, marking a capitulation of the Governor General and Secretary of State for India to growing pressure for Indianization of the officer cadre of the Indian Army.source
  • 1934John Dillinger and his gang rob the First National Bank in Mason City, Iowa, United States, stealing $52,000.source
  • 1939Adolf Hitler advises Jozef Tiso to declare Slovakia's independence, in order to prevent its partition by Hungary and Poland.source
  • 1939March 10–21 — 18th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)source
  • 1944The British Government prohibits all travel between Great Britain and Ireland.source
  • 1948Dr. K. Goonam leads a batch of twelve passive resisters across the Natal-Transvaal border.source
  • 1951Israel disclosed a demand for 6.2 billion Deutsche Mark ($1.5 billion US dollars) for Jewish property confiscated and plundered by the Germans during the Nazi regime. The German reparations would be used to resettle the 500,000 Jewish war refugees whom immigrated to Israel from countries formerly under the Nazi regime.source
  • 1951The Archaeological Museum of Durrës is established and opened in Durrës.source
  • 1953The United Nations Security Council nominates Dag Hammarskjöld from Sweden as United Nations Secretary General.source
  • 1954Việt Minh forces under General Võ Nguyên Giáp began a massive artillery bombardment on the French military, beginning the Battle of Dien Bien Phu, the climactic battle of the First Indochina War.source
  • 1961United States President John F. Kennedy proposes a long-term "Alliance for Progress", between the United States and Latin America.source
  • 1961Black and white £5 notes cease to be legal tender in the UK.source
  • 19611961 Kurenivka mudslide: A dam bursts in Kiev, USSR, killing 145.source
  • 1961Lise Lindbæk, war correspondent (born 1905).source
  • 1961A second B-52 crashes near Yuba City, California, after cabin pressure is lost and the fuel runs out. Two nuclear weapons are found unexploded.source
  • 1961Monash University in Melbourne, Australia takes in its first students.source
  • 1963The Irazú Volcano overlooking San José erupted powerfully and began a cycle of abnormal activity that lasted nearly two years, ending on 13 February 1965.source
  • 1966The 8.0 Ms Hualien earthquake occurred off the Hualien County coast.source
  • 1967Moise Tshombe, ex-prime minister of Congo, is sentenced to death in absentia.source
  • 1968The first Rotaract club is chartered in North Charlotte, North Carolina.source
  • 1969Apollo program: Apollo 9 returns safely to Earth after testing the Lunar Module.source
  • 1971March 12–13 – The Allman Brothers Band plays their legendary concert at the Fillmore East.source
  • 1975Coquimbo earthquake. An earthquake measuring 6.9 on the Richter scale shakes the cities of La Serena, Coquimbo and Vicuña, leaving three dead and 18 injured.source
  • 1979Maurice Bishop leads a successful coup in Grenada. His government will be crushed by American intervention in 1983.source
  • 1981The Israeli government expropriates several hundred acres of land in the West Bank for the purposes of expanding the settlement of Shavei Shomron.source
  • 19851985 Algarrobo earthquakesource
  • 1985Konstantin Chernenko was honored with a state funeral and was buried in the Kremlin Wall Necropolis, he was the last person to be interred there.source
  • 1986Microsoft Corporation holds its initial public offering of stock shares.source
  • 1986In a Black Sea incident, American cruiser USS Yorktown and the destroyer USS Caron, claiming the right of innocent passage, enter the Soviet territorial waters near the southern Crimean Peninsula.source
  • 19861986 Black Sea incident: American cruiser USS Yorktown and the destroyer USS Caron, claiming the right of innocent passage, enter the Soviet territorial waters near the southern Crimean Peninsula.source
  • 1989A geomagnetic storm causes the collapse of the Hydro-Québec power grid. 6,000,000 people are left without power for nine hours. Some areas in the northeastern U.S. and in Sweden also lose power, and aurorae are seen as far as Texas.source
  • 1990March 11–13 – The March 1990 Central United States tornado outbreak produces 64 tornadoes across six US states, including four violent F4/F5 tornadoes. The outbreak leaves 2 dead, 89 injured, and causes over $500 million in damages.source
  • 1991The U.S. Department of Justice announces that Exxon has agreed to pay $1 billion for the clean-up of the Exxon Valdez oil spill in Alaska.source
  • 1992The 6.7 Mw Erzincan earthquake affects eastern Turkey with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe), killing 498–652 and injuring around 2,000.source
  • 1992The 6.7 Mw Erzincan earthquake shook area with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe), killing 498–652 and injuring 2,000.source
  • 19931993 Australian federal election: Paul Keating's Labor government is re-elected with an increased majority, defeating the Liberal/National Coalition led by John Hewson.source
  • 1993March 13–15 – The 1993 Storm of the Century strikes the eastern U.S., bringing record snowfall and other severe weather all the way from Cuba to Quebec; it reportedly kills 184 people.source
  • 1996Dunblane massacre: Unemployed former shopkeeper Thomas Hamilton walks into the Dunblane Primary School in Scotland and opens fire, killing sixteen infant school pupils and one teacher before committing suicide.source
  • 1997India's Missionaries of Charity chooses Sister Nirmala, to succeed Mother Teresa as its leader.source
  • 1998The High-Z Supernova Search Team becomes the first team to publish evidence that the universe is expanding at an accelerating rate.source
  • 2000March 12–26 – Pope John Paul II visits Israel, and thus becomes the second pope to visit Israel. During his stay, the Pope visits Yad Vashem (the Israeli national Holocaust memorial) and the Western Wall placing a letter inside it in which he prayed for forgiveness for the actions against Jews in the past.source
  • 2000The United States dollar becomes the official currency of Ecuador, replacing the Ecuadorian sucre.source
  • 20052005 Liechtenstein general election: The Progressive Citizens' Party remains the largest party and wins a plurality of 12 seats in the Landtag.source
  • 2005The Namibian Air Force was commissioned at Grootfontein Air Force Base.source
  • 2007April 28 – The 2007 Cricket World Cup is held in the West Indies with Australia defeating Sri Lanka in the final.source
  • 2008With the mediation of the Senegalese President Abdoulaye Wade, the Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir and Chadian President Idriss Déby sign in Dakar a non-aggression pact. By the terms of the accord, both accept to "inhibit all activities of armed groups".source
  • 2008It was reported that Archbishop Paulos Faraj Rahho's body had been found buried in a shallow grave near Mosul. Officials of the Chaldean Church in Iraq said they had received a call telling them where the body was buried. Reports over the cause of death were somewhat contradictory.source
  • 2008Government announces plans to upgrade Lomé–Tokoin International Airportsource
  • 2012After 246 years since its first publication, the Encyclopædia Britannica discontinues its print edition.source
  • 2013Cardinal Jorge Mario Bergoglio of Argentina is elected the 266th pope, whereupon he takes the name Francis and becomes the first Jesuit pope, the first pope from the Americas, and the first pope from the Southern Hemisphere.source
  • 2015Politicians in Cyprus demand the resignation of the governor of the central bank there, Chrystalla Georghadji, raising concerns about a conflict of interest.source
  • 2018March 9-18: Belarus takes part in the 2018 Winter Paralympics in PyeongChang, South Korea.source
  • 2018March 9–18 – The 2018 Winter Paralympics are held in Pyeongchang, South Korea.source
  • 2019A site holding between 450 and 600 million barrels of oil is discovered off the Angolan coast by Italian company Eni.source
  • 2022The Transitional Military Council of Chad meets with 44 different armed rebel and opposition groups, including the Front for Change and Concord in Chad, Movement for Democracy and Justice in Chad, and the Union of Forces for Democracy and Development in Doha, Qatar for peace talks. The President of Chad, Mahamat Déby, hopes that the talks will be the first step towards agreeing on a new constitution and holding free elections.source
  • 2022March 4 – March 13 – The 2022 Winter Paralympics are held in Beijing, China, making it the first city to host both Summer Paralympics and Winter Paralympics.source
  • 2023March 8–21 – The 2023 World Baseball Classic is held in, and won by, Japan.source
  • 2024The Artificial Intelligence Act, the world's first comprehensive legal and regulatory framework for artificial intelligence, is passed by the European Union.source
  • 2024The Ministry of Health announces the arrival of mpox in the country, with 43 cases reported in nine out of 12 departments.source
  • 2025March 8–17 – The 2025 Special Olympics World Winter Games are held in Turin, Italy.source

Births

  • 963Anna Porphyrogenita, Grand Princess of Kiev (died 1011)source
  • 1271Judith of Habsburg, queen consort of Bohemia (died 1297)source
  • 1372Louis I, Duke of Orléans, son of King Charles V of France (died 1407)source
  • 1560William Louis, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg, Dutch count (died 1620)source
  • 1593Georges de La Tour, French Baroque painter (died 1652)source
  • 1598Johannes Loccenius, German historian (died 1677)source
  • 1599John Berchmans, Belgian Jesuit scholastic and saint (died 1621)source
  • 1615Pope Innocent XII (died 1700)source
  • 1716Princess Philippine Charlotte of Prussia (died 1801)source
  • 1719John Griffin, 4th Baron Howard de Walden, British nobleman and soldier (died 1797)source
  • 1720Charles Bonnet, Swiss naturalist and writer (died 1793)source
  • 1733Joseph Priestley, English scientist and minister (died 1804)source
  • 1733Joseph Priestley, scientist and minister (died 1804)source
  • 1741Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor (died 1790)source
  • 1741Emperor Joseph II of the Holy Roman Empiresource
  • 1764Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey, 26th Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (died 1845)source
  • 1764Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (died 1845)source
  • 1781Karl Friedrich Schinkel, German architect, painter (died 1841)source
  • 1798Abigail Fillmore, wife of Millard Fillmore, First Lady of the United States, Second Lady of the United States (died 1853)source
  • 1800Mustafa Reşid Pasha, Turkish statesman, diplomat (died 1858)source
  • 1825Hans Gude, Norwegian romanticist landscape painter (died 1903)source
  • 1855Percival Lowell, American astronomer (died 1916)source
  • 1884Sir Hugh Walpole, English novelist (died 1941)source
  • 1897Tadeusz Vetulani in Sanoksource
  • 1911L. Ron Hubbard, American author, founder of Scientology (died 1986)source
  • 1925Samir Gharbo, Egyptian water polo player (died 2018)source

Deaths

  • 222Emperor Elagabalus is assassinated, along with his mother, Julia Soaemias, by the Praetorian Guard during a revolt. Their mutilated bodies are dragged through the streets of Rome before being thrown into the Tiber.source
  • 601March 13 or 600 – Leander, bishop of Sevillesource
  • 732Gerald of Mayo, Anglo-Saxon abbotsource
  • 948Du Chongwei, Chinese general and governorsource
  • 993Odo I, German noblemansource
  • 1164Fujiwara no Tadamichi, Japanese regent (born 1097)source
  • 1181Simon III de Montfort, French nobleman (born 1117)source
  • 1202Mieszko III the Old, duke of Poland (born 1126)source
  • 1229Blanche of Navarre, countess and regent of Champagnesource
  • 1271Henry of Almain (Henry of Cornwall), English nobleman (born 1235)source
  • 1316John Devereux, Anglo-Norman nobleman (born 1250)source
  • 1332Theodore Metochites, Byzantine Empire statesman, author, man of learning, and patron of the arts (born 1270)source
  • 1395John Barbour, Scottish poetsource
  • 1403Muhammad Sultan Mirza, the favorite grandson and heir to the throne of the Emperor Tamerlane, Emperor of Transoxiana (comprising modern Afghanistan and parts of Iran, Tadzikstan and Kazakhstan), dies from injuries sustained in the Battle of Ankara.source
  • 1447Shah Rukh Mirza, ruler of Persia and Transoxonia (born 1377)source
  • 1467Vettore Cappello, Venetian statesmansource
  • 1516Vladislaus II, king of Bohemia, Hungary and Croatia (born 1456)source
  • 1569Louis I, Prince of Condé, French Protestant general, executed (born 1530)source
  • 1569Louis, Prince of Condé, French Protestant general (born 1530)source
  • 1573Michel de l'Hôpital, French statesman (born 1505)source
  • 1601Henry Cuffe, English politician (born 1563)source
  • 1604Arnaud d'Ossat, French diplomat and writer (born 1537)source
  • 1619Richard Burbage, English actor (born c. 1567)source
  • 1711Nicolas Boileau-Despréaux, French poet and critic (born 1636)source
  • 1714John Talbot of Lacock, British politician and general (born 1630)source
  • 1719Johann Friedrich Böttger, Saxon alchemist (born 1682)source
  • 1726Alexander Pendarves, British politician (born 1662)source
  • 1735Princess Sophia Hedwig, princess of Denmark (born 1677)source
  • 1767Maria Josepha of Saxony, Dauphine of France (born 1731) (tuberculosis)source
  • 1804Damodar Pande, Prime Minister of Nepal (born 1752)source
  • 1808King Christian VII of Denmark (born 1749)source
  • 1821John Hunter, second Governor of New South Wales (born 1737)source
  • 1858Felice Orsini is executed by guillotine for the attempted assassination of Napoleon III of France.source
  • 1881Emperor Alexander II of Russia (assassinated) (born 1818)source
  • 1881March 13 (March 1 Old Style) – Assassination of Alexander II of Russia: Emperor Alexander II of Russia ("the Liberator") is killed near his palace in Saint Petersburg when bombs are thrown at him, an act committed by the revolutionary socialist group Narodnaya Volya coordinated by Sophia Perovskaya but falsely blamed upon Russian Jews. He is succeeded by his son, Alexander III. The assassin Ignacy Hryniewiecki is also killed by his own bomb.source
  • 1888Ritter Island eruption and tsunami: The summit of Ritter Island off the coast of New Guinea collapses, resulting in a tsunami and the deaths of an estimated 500 to 3,500 people.source
  • 1901Benjamin Harrison, 23rd President of the United States (born 1833)source
  • 1906Susan B. Anthony, American civil rights, women's suffrage activist (born 1820)source
  • 1909William Jackson Palmer, American founder of Colorado Springs (born 1836)source
  • 1923Eliezer Kashani, Irgun fighter, one of the Olei Hagardom (died 1947).source
  • 1949Auguste Liesch, politiciansource
  • 1978Kaare Bache, triple jumpersource
  • 1986M-19 leader Álvaro Fayad is killed in a military operation.source