/year

September 8 in history

269 sourced entries recorded on September 8, from 394 CE to 2025 CE. Every line is quoted from the revision it came from.

Events

  • 617Battle of Huoyi: Rebel forces under Li Yuān defeat the Sui troops near the Fen River, and capture the Chinese capital, Chang'an. Li has gained support from Shibi, ruler (khagan) of the Eastern Turks, who secures his northern frontier and supplies him with 2,000 horses.source
  • 712Emperor Rui Zong abdicates after a brief reign, in favor of his 27-year-old son Xuan Zong, who ascends the imperial throne of the Tang dynasty (China).source
  • 734Frithubeorht is consecrated Bishop of Hexham.source
  • 1024Conrad the Elder is crowned as King Conrad II of Germany in a ceremony at Mainz, and he and Conrad the Younger are invested as joint dukes of Franconia.source
  • 1140Sephardi Jewish philosopher Judah Halevi, having completed the Kuzari, arrives in Alexandria on a pilgrimage to Palestine.source
  • 1148Conrad III sails from Acre to Thessaloniki and forms an alliance with Manuel I against King Roger II of Sicily. During his visit Henry II, Duke of Austria ('Jasomirgott') marries Manuel's niece, Theodora Komnene.source
  • 1202Enrico Dandolo takes the cross and agrees to lead a Venetian force, which, in an outburst of Crusading enthusiasm, reaches some 21,000 men – the largest contingent of the Fourth Crusade. He proclaims the debts will be wiped if the Crusaders take the 'rebel' Dalmatian city of Zara (modern-day Zadar) which has pledged its loyalty to Emeric, king of Hungary and Croatia. The Zara proposal causes disquiet in the Crusader ranks and also upsets Pope Innocent III who threatens to excommunicate those who attack Zara.source
  • 1269Berber forces of the Marinid Sultanate under Abu Yusuf Yaqub ibn Abd al-Haqq complete the conquest of Morocco and capture Marrakesh after a long siege, effectively ending the Almohad Caliphate. The last Almohad ruler, Idris al-Wathiq (or Abu Dabbus), is assassinated by a slave. The Marinids become the new masters of the western Maghreb and Abu Yusuf Yaqub takes up the title of "Prince of the Muslims".source
  • 1275Battle of Écija: A Castilian army led by Nuño González de Lara is defeated by Marinid forces.source
  • 1278Pere d'Urtx, Catalan bishop of Urgell, becomes the first Episcopal Co-Prince of Andorra, when he signs the paréage, establishing joint-sovereignty over the territory with Roger-Bernard III, count of Foix.source
  • 1299Edward I of England ("Longshanks") marries the 19-year-old Margaret of France, the half-sister of King Philip IV ("the Fair").source
  • 1331Stefan Dušan declares himself king of Serbia.source
  • 1380At the Battle of Kulikovo, Russian forces under Grand Prince Dmitry Donskoy of Moscow resist a large invasion, led by Mamai Khan, commander of the Blue Horde of Lithuania and Ryazan, stopping their advance.source
  • 1387General Feng Sheng is removed from command of the Chinese Army by Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang and replaced by General Lan Yu.source
  • 1389Erik of Pomerania becomes the new King of Norway with the regnal name of Erik III after being elected at Trondheim by the Ting, the kingdom's assembly.source
  • 1429Joan of Arc leads an unsuccessful attack on Paris, and is wounded.source
  • 1429Joan of Arc leads a failed attempt to capture Paris.source
  • 1439Cardinal Giovanni Vitelleschi captures Foligno, ending Trinci's signoria.source
  • 1450Pietro di Campofregoso is elected as the new Doge of the Republic of Genoa following the abdication of his cousin, Lodovico di Campofregoso.source
  • 1455Pope Calixtus III decides to send Christians on a crusade against the Ottoman Empire in an attempt to recapture Constantinople. At a ceremony at St. Peter's Basilica in Rome, the Pope provides Cardinal Alain de Coëtivy with the crusader's cross and sends him on a mission to meet with King Charles VII of France in hopes of getting French support for the proposed crusade.source
  • 1468The Orkney Islands are pledged to Scotland by King Christian I of Kingdom of Norway in consideration of an agreement for the marriage of 16-year-old King James III of Scotland to Princess Margrete, King Christian's daughter, with the islands pledged as security against the payment of the dowry. As the money is never paid, the connection with the crown of Scotland becomes perpetual.source
  • 1476The future Louis XII marries his cousin Joan of Francesource
  • 1483Edward of Middleham, the 7-year-old son of King Richard III of England, is given the title of Prince of Wales and designated the heir apparent to the throne. However, Edward will die less than a year later on April 9.source
  • 1485The army of the Grand Duchy of Moscow forces, led by Ivan III, invades the city of Tver, ruled by Mikhail III and capital of the Duchy of Tver. Within 10 days, Ivan is able to claim the Duchy.source
  • 1494The three day Battle of Rapallo, fought as part of the Italian War of 1494–1495 between the Kingdom of France and the Kingdom of Naples, is won by the French naval fleet, which then captures and loots Rapallo, near Genoa, after the Neapolitans flee.source
  • 1504Michelangelo's sculpture of David is unveiled in Florence.source
  • 1514Forces of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Kingdom of Poland, backed by Belarusians, with 30,000 troops, defeat the larger Russian army of the Grand Duchy of Moscow (80,000 soldiers) in the Battle of Orsha.source
  • 1515Lopo Soares de Albergaria becomes the new Viceroy of Portuguese India as Afonso de Albuquerque resigns because of health problems.source
  • 1518Diogo Lopes de Sequeira takes office as the new Governor of Portuguese India, replacing Lopo Soares de Albergaria.source
  • 1529Buda is recaptured by the invading forces of the Ottoman Empire.source
  • 1529The city of Maracaibo, Venezuela is founded by Ambrosius Ehinger.source
  • 1546The first Protestant Huguenot church in France, established by Pierre LeClerc and Etienne Mangin at Meaux 25 mi from Paris, is seized by the French Army and its 60 members are arrested. Ten women are released and 50 others put on trial for heresy. LeClerc, Mangin and 12 others are burned at the stake on October 8.source
  • 1565St. Augustine, Florida (named after Augustine of Hippo), is established by Pedro Menéndez de Avilés, becoming the oldest surviving European settlement in the modern-day United States, and a mass of Thanksgiving is said.source
  • 1565Princess Cecilia of Sweden arrives on her official visit to England. Among the persons in her retinue is Helena Snakenborg.source
  • 1566The siege of Szigetvár ends in a fierce battle with the annihilation of 2,300 Hungarian and Croatian defenders, including their general, Nikola Šubić Zrinski, annihilated by an army of 90,000 soldiers of the Ottoman Empire, under Sokollu Mehmed Pasha. Before charging out with his remaining 600 troops, General Zrinski orders the gates to the fortress to be opened and fires a large cannon, loaded with broken iron, killing hundreds of Ottoman attackers as they enter. As a final measure, according to one source, Zrinski orders a long fuse to be lit to the fortress gunpowder magazine and the powder explodes while thousands of Ottomans are inside.source
  • 1576The States General of the Netherlands is convened by the leaders of the States of Brabant and the County of Hainaut in order to respond to mutineering Spanish troops.source
  • 1577(11th waning of Tawthalin 939 ME) Min Phalaung, King of Arakan in what is now northern Myanmar and southern Bangladesh on the Bay of Bengal, enters his new palace in dedication ceremonies at the capital at Mrauk U.source
  • 1595The first European colony in the South Seas is established as Spanish explorer Álvaro de Mendaña claims Nendö Island (one of the Solomon Islands) and claims it for Spain as the colony of Santa Cruz. Malaria, a mutiny of some of the Spanish soldiers, and a fight with the indigenous people kills 47 of the settlers, including Mendaña on October 18.source
  • 1599Essex in Ireland: Essex signs a truce with Hugh O'Neill, then leaves Ireland against the instructions of Queen Elizabeth.source
  • 1628September 7–8 – Eighty Years' War – Battle in the Bay of Matanzas: Dutch admiral Piet Hein captures 16 ships of the Spanish treasure fleet. The immense booty taken brings in over 11 million guilders, part of which is used to fund the entire army of the Dutch Republic for eight months.source
  • 1632Government order for the destruction of St Patrick's Purgatory in Lough Derg, County Donegal, carried out on 25 October.source
  • 1636New College founded at the English colony of Massachusetts; later renamed 'Harvard'.source
  • 1655Swedish King Karl X Gustav occupies Warsaw (Poland).source
  • 1663Diego de Salcedo becomes the new Spanish Governor-General of the Philippines, replacing Sabiniano Manrique de Lara, who had served for more than 10 years. Salcedo is overthrown in 1668.source
  • 1664September 8 (August 29 O.S.) – Peter Stuyvesant, Director-General of the Dutch Republic colony of New Netherland, surrenders New Amsterdam to an English naval squadron, commanded by Colonel Richard Nicolls, without bloodshed.source
  • 1689The Siege of Mainz (in the modern-day Rheinland-Pfalz state of Germany), which had started on June 1, ends after almost three months, as French General Nicolas Chalon du Blé surrenders the walled city to the armies of Austria and the Dutch Republic.source
  • 1689September 3–12 – Messengers from over 100 Baptist churches assemble in the City of London to discuss and endorse the 1677 document that will become known as the 1689 Baptist Confession of Faith.source
  • 1692An earthquake in Brabant of scale 5.8 is felt across the Low Countries, Germany and England.source
  • 1692an earthquake in Brabant of scale 5.8 is felt across the Low Countries, Germany and England.source
  • 1694The 1694 Irpinia–Basilicata earthquake causes widespread severe damage and over 6,000 deaths in the Kingdom of Naples.source
  • 1696The Parliament of Scotland passes the Education Act 1696, providing for locally funded, Church-supervised schools to be established in every parish in Scotland.source
  • 1698The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth defeats the Tatars in the Battle of Podhajce, the last battle between the Ottoman Empire and the Polish and Lithuanians.source
  • 1701A group of Welsh Baptists, led by Thomas Griffith, land in Philadelphia on the ship "James and Mary".source
  • 1704War of the Spanish Succession – The Twelfth Siege of Gibraltar by French and Spanish troops begins.source
  • 1706Battle of Castiglionesource
  • 1709September 4–8 – nearly 800 poor Protestant refugee families of German Palatines arrive in Dublin to be settled in Ireland.source
  • 1711The South Sea Company receives a Royal Charter in Britain.source
  • 1711the South Sea Company receives a Royal Charter.source
  • 1712A severe hurricane buffets Bermuda for eight hours, destroying most of the churches.source
  • 1726J. S. Bach leads the first performance of Geist und Seele wird verwirret, BWV 35, a solo cantata for alto voice.source
  • 1727A barn fire during a puppet show in the village of Burwell, Cambridgeshire, England, kills 78 people, many of them children. Another report says that all but six of the 160 persons assembled were killed in the accidental fire.source
  • 1727a barn fire during a puppet show in the village of Burwell, Cambridgeshire, kills 78 people, many of them children.source
  • 1740Hertford College, Oxford, England, is founded for the first time.source
  • 1740Hertford College, Oxford, is founded for the first time.source
  • 1755French and Indian War – Battle of Lake George: French Army troops, led by Jean Erdman, Baron Dieskau, and Canadian colonists, led by Jacques Legardeur de Saint-Pierre, drive south into Britain's New York province. They are met by British Army troops under General William Johnson being supplemented by 200 Mohawk troops led by the Mohawk war chief, Theyanoguin. After Theyanouguin and other Mohawks are killed in the battle, the clan matrons of the Mohawk nation forbid the men from participating in the war against the French until a French defeat seems certain.source
  • 1755Baron Dieskay, with 1,500 French and Indian troops, overcomes Col. Williams, with 1,400 English and Indians, near Fort George. Immediately afterwards, the French attack Col. Johnson's force, barricaded at Fort George, but are repelled, with heavy loss. The two commanders are wounded, and the two opposing Indian chiefs are killed. Baron Dieskay is captured by the English, who dress his wounds and earn his lifelong gratitude by their kindness.source
  • 1757The Convention of Klosterzeven is signed at the Lower Saxony town of Bremervörde by the Duke of Cumberland following his defeat at Hastenbeck. The treaty provides for the army of the Electorate of Hanover to be reduced to a token force and for the French Army to occupy Hanover and most of northwest Germany. At the time, King George II of Great Britain is also the Elector of Hanover, and it is later said that "The terms proved worse than either George or his ministers had wanted or expected."source
  • 1760Seven Years' War: Jeffery Amherst and his British troops capture Montreal from the French, effectively bringing Canada completely under British control.source
  • 1761George III marries Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz.source
  • 1761King George III marries Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (who he has met for the first time earlier in the day) at St James's Palace.source
  • 1769September 6–9 – David Garrick holds a Shakespeare Jubilee festival at Stratford-upon-Avon in England.source
  • 1771In California, Fathers Pedro Cambon and Angel Somera found Mission Vieja, later called, Mission San Gabriel Arcángel, in what becomes San Gabriel, California.source
  • 1775August 29 – September 12 – The Independence Hurricane from South Carolina to Nova Scotia kills 4,170, mostly fishermen and sailors.source
  • 1775An earthquake measuring 5.1 is felt in Swansea.source
  • 1777inauguration of Bath and West of England Society for the Encouragement of Agriculture, Arts, Manufactures and Commerce.source
  • 1781American Revolution – Battle of Eutaw Springs, South Carolina: The war's last significant battle, in the Southern theatre, ends in a narrow British tactical victory.source
  • 1790Execution of Johan Henrik Hästesko, the only death sentence of the Anjala conspiracy which is actually performed.source
  • 1793The first Círio de Nazaré is celebrated in Belém.source
  • 1796French Revolutionary Wars: Battle of Bassano – French forces (20,000 men) under Napoleon Bonaparte and André Masséna defeat the Austrians in Veneto. Wurmser retreats towards Vicenza with just 3,500 men of his original 11,000 left to him.source
  • 1801Solar eclipse of September 8, 1801source
  • 1810The Tonquin sets sail from New York Harbor, with 33 employees of John Jacob Astor's newly created Pacific Fur Company on board. After a six-month journey around the tip of South America, the ship arrives at the mouth of the Columbia River, and Astor's men establish the fur-trading town of Astoria.source
  • 1810The Tonquin sets sail from New York Harbor with 33 employees of John Jacob Astor's newly created Pacific Fur Company on board. After a 6-month journey around the tip of South America, the ship arrives at the mouth of the Columbia River and Astor's men establish the fur-trading post of Fort Astoria.source
  • 1811The first known landing on Rockall is made by a party from HMS Endymion.source
  • 1822September 8–13 – Battle of Nauplia: In a series of naval engagements, the Ottoman Fleet fails to break through the Greek Fleet, under Admiral Andreas Vokos Miaoulis.source
  • 1824The Society of Cymmrodorion sponsors a major eisteddfod at Welshpool.source
  • 1831Battle of Warsaw: The Army of Russia takes the Polish capital after a two-day battle to crush the Polish uprising.source
  • 1831Coronation of King William IV of the United Kingdom (he will reign until 1837).source
  • 1833First Daughters of the Cross make their vows (founder Marie Thérèse Haze).source
  • 1854August 31–September 8 – An epidemic of cholera in London kills over 10,000. Dr John Snow traces the source of one outbreak (that killed 500) to a single water pump, validating his theory that cholera is water-borne, and forming the starting point for epidemiology.source
  • 1855Queen Victoria signs an Order in Council to change the name of Van Diemen's Land to Tasmania.source
  • 1856At the Siege of Sevastopol in the Crimean War, Corporal Robert Shields of the 23rd Regiment of Foot recovers a fatally wounded officer from an exposed position, an action for which he will receive the Victoria Cross.source
  • 1859A small 0-4-0 tank steam locomotive is landed in Cape Town, to be used during construction of the first railway in South Africa.source
  • 1864September 1 – September 9: Charlottetown Conference, noted as the first step towards Confederationsource
  • 1866The Blood or bread riots begin as unemployed men attempt to storm government stores; the riots continue to the 10thsource
  • 1866establishment of Nuestra Señora del Carmen, Aguada, Montevideosource
  • 18791879 Octagon fire: A fire in The Octagon, Dunedin (New Zealand), claims 12 victims.source
  • 1879A fire sweeps through several buildings in central Dunedin, killing 12 people.source
  • 1880an underground explosion at Seaham Colliery, County Durham, kills 164 coal miners.source
  • 1881Isidore-Joseph du Rousseaux performs the canonical coronation of Our Lady of Tongre in Chièvres, mandated in a papal brief of Pope Leo XIII.source
  • 1885Saint Thomas Academy is founded in Minnesota.source
  • 1888In a letter accepting renomination as President of the United States, Grover Cleveland declares the Chinese "impossible of assimilation with our people and dangerous to our peace and welfare".source
  • 1888Patagonian sheep farming boom: The Great Herding (El Gran Arreo) begins with thousands of sheep being herded from the Argentine outpost of Fortín Conesa to Santa Cruz near the Strait of Magellan.source
  • 1888Whitechapel murders: The mutilated body of London prostitute Annie Chapman is found (considered to be the second victim of Jack the Ripper).source
  • 1888In England, the first six Football League matches are played.source
  • 1892The Pledge of Allegiance is first recited in the United States.source
  • 1892Cunard liner RMS Campania is launched by the Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company at Govansource
  • 1900The 1900 Galveston hurricane, killing around 8,000 people. It is the deadliest hurricane in U.S. history.source
  • 1900The Galveston Hurricane makes landfall at Galveston, Texas, eventually killing 6,000–12,000 in the deadliest natural disaster in U.S. history.source
  • 1905The 7.2 Mw Calabria earthquake shakes Southern Italy with a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme), killing between 557 and 2,500 people.source
  • 1905An earthquake strikes southern Italy with a magnitude of 7.2, damaging parts of Lipari Island and Messina Province, and killing between 557 and 2,500 people. The earthquake particularly affects the Calabria region, destroying as many as 25 villages, and 14,000 homes. Fortis visited the area and introduced a special law to aid these southern regions. This measure was the first real acknowledgment by the Italian state of the fundamental problems underlying southern underdevelopment.source
  • 1907Pope Pius X promulgates the encyclical Pascendi Dominici gregis, opposing modernism in the Catholic Church.source
  • 1908Former Minister of Justice Peter Adler Alberti turns himself in to the police for embezzlement of DKK 18 million (roughly DKK 1 billion as of 2006).source
  • 1909The Velarde-Río Branco treaty between Brazil and Peru is signed, establishing borders south of the Yavarí.source
  • 1909A bottle glass, sheet glass and display product and sales brand, AGC was founded in Amagasaki, Hyogo Prefecture, as predecessor name was Asahi Glass.source
  • 1913September 7–8 – The Fourth Congress of the International Psychoanalytical Association (the last occasion on which Carl Jung and Sigmund Freud will meet) takes place in Munich.source
  • 1915WWI: A Zeppelin raid destroys No. 61 Farringdon Road, London; the premises are rebuilt in 1917, and called The Zeppelin Building.source
  • 1920Gabriele D'Annunzio proclaims the Italian Regency of Carnaro in the city of Fiume.source
  • 1921Margaret Gorman, 16, wins the Golden Mermaid trophy at a beauty pageant in Atlantic City, New Jersey; officials later dub her the first Miss America.source
  • 1923Honda Point disaster: Nine United States Navy destroyers run aground off the California coast.source
  • 1923Honda Point Disaster: Seven U.S. Navy destroyers run aground off the California coast.source
  • 1926The German Weimar Republic joins the League of Nations.source
  • 1930Scotch Tape, invented by Richard Gurley Drew, is sold by the 3M company in the United States for the first time.source
  • 1932Tannenberg, a Swiss-German war film, is releasedsource
  • 1934September 5–10 – The 6th Nuremberg Rally is staged by the German Nazi Party.source
  • 1934Off the New Jersey coast, a fire aboard the passenger liner SS Morro Castle kills 134 people.source
  • 1934Off the New Jersey coast, a fire aboard the passenger liner Morro Castle kills 134 people.source
  • 1935Carl Weiss fatally wounds Huey Long, U.S. Senator from Louisiana ("The Kingfish"), in a shooting at the Louisiana Capitol Building in Baton Rouge.source
  • 1936Radio Broadcasting was nationalizedsource
  • 1939The Little Sisters of Jesus is founded in Algeria, by Little Sister Magdeleine.source
  • 1941WWII: Siege of Leningrad – German forces begin a siege against the Soviet Union's second-largest city, Leningrad. Stalin orders the Volga Germans deported to Siberia.source
  • 1941The Siege of Leningrad begins: German forces begin a siege against the Soviet Union's second-largest city, Leningrad.source
  • 1943Jürgen Stroop becomes the country's HSSPF.source
  • 1943The first classes commence at Grace University in Omaha, Nebraska.source
  • 1946Bulgaria is declared a People's Republic after a referendum; King Simeon II leaves.source
  • 1951The U.S.-Japan Security Treaty, which allows United States Armed Forces to be stationed in Japan even after the end of the occupation of Japan, is signed by Japan and the United States.source
  • 1951Treaty of San Francisco: In San Francisco, 48 representatives out of 51 attending sign a peace treaty with Japan, formally ending the Pacific War; the delegations of the Soviet Union, Poland and Czechoslovakia do not sign the treaty, instead favoring separate treaties.source
  • 1954SEATO is established in Bangkok, Thailand.source
  • 1960In Huntsville, Alabama, U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower formally dedicates the Marshall Space Flight Center (which had been activated by NASA on July 1).source
  • 1961The National Congress of Brazil approves the constitution of the first Council of Ministers.source
  • 1965The Pakistan Navy destroys the Indian port of Dwarka. Operation Dwarka (Pakistan celebrates Victory Day annually).source
  • 1966Roger Ingebrigtsen, politician.source
  • 1967Centenary of Sarawak Council celebrated.source
  • 1971September 5–18: Hurricane Edith.source
  • 1971In Washington, D.C., the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts is inaugurated, with the opening feature being the premiere of Leonard Bernstein's Mass.source
  • 1974President Gerald Ford signs Proclamation 4311, granting a full and unconditional pardon to Richard Nixon, his predecessor.source
  • 1974TWA Flight 841 crashes into the Ionian Sea 18 minutes after takeoff from Athens on an Israel–New York flight after a bomb explodes in the cargo hold, and kills 88 people.source
  • 1974TWA jet with 88 passengers traveling from Tel Aviv to Athens crashed into the Ionian Sea after PFLP militants detonated a bomb hidden in the baggage compartment, killing all the 79 passengers and 9 crew members on board.source
  • 1976September 7 – 11: Hurricane Kathleensource
  • 1977Interpol issues a resolution against the copyright infringement of video tapes and other material, which is still cited in warnings on opening pre-credits of videocassettes and DVDs.source
  • 1978Iranian Army troops open fire on rioters in Tehran, killing 122, wounding over 200.source
  • 1981September 4–12. Major Soviet military exercise Zapad’81 (West’81) takes place in Belarus and the Baltic States.source
  • 1981September 5–10. First round of National Congress of Solidarity Delegates takes place in Gdańsk, at Hala Olivia. Solidarity has 9,5 million members. Of all its regions, most numerous is Upper Silesia - Zagłębie Dąbrowskie (Region Śląsko-Dąbrowski) - 1,4 mln members, Mazovia - 911,000 members, and Lower Silesia - 900,000 members. During the Congress, The Message to Working People of Eastern Europe is issued, as well as a Letter to Polonia of the Whole World.source
  • 1982Dutch general election, 1982source
  • 1987September 7–21 – The world's first conference on artificial life is held at Los Alamos National Laboratory in the United States.source
  • 1988September 8–19: Hurricane Gilbertsource
  • 1989Partnair Flight 394 crashes into the North Sea with the loss of 125 lives. The accident was due to the structural failure of the rudder of the Convair 580 caused by the use of counterfeit aircraft parts.source
  • 1990September 1–10 – Pope John Paul II visits Tanzania, Burundi, Rwanda and Ivory Coast.source
  • 1991Dissolution of Yugoslavia: The Republic of Macedonia becomes independent, beginning a name dispute with Greece.source
  • 19921992 India–Pakistan floods, almost 1,000 people die and 3 million are evacuated due to flooding in Punjab province caused by torrential rains swelling the Indus river and its tributaries, a thousand more are also killed in the Kashmir region.source
  • 1994USAir Flight 427, a Boeing 737 with 132 people on board, crashes on approach to Pittsburgh International Airport killing all on board.source
  • 1995September 4–15 – The Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing with over 4,750 delegates from 181 countries in attendance.source
  • 1999The first of a series of Russian apartment bombings occurs. Subsequent bombings occur on September 13 and 16, while a bombing on September 22 fails.source
  • 2000September 7–14 – Fuel protests in the United Kingdom, with refineries blockaded and supply to the country's network of petrol stations halted.source
  • 2000September 6–8 – World leaders attend the Millennium Summit at U.N. Headquarters.source
  • 2004Qatar Airways resumes flights to Kathmandu after shutting down operations after an attack on its office in the capital the previous week.source
  • 2004Spice Cell Nepal granted license to operate the first private sector mobile phone service in Nepal.source
  • 2004The Genesis space probe crash-lands in Utah after a three-year study of the Sun.source
  • 2009The IFC invested $2 million into the mining economy of Burkina Faso for exploration of natural resources.source
  • 2013The 2013 Colorado floods begin, resulting from heavy rain in the Colorado River Basin.source
  • 2014Marin Čilić wins the 2014 US Open.source
  • 2016NASA launches OSIRIS-REx, its first asteroid sample return mission. The probe visited Bennu from 2018 to 2021 and would return samples to Earth on September 24, 2023.source
  • 2022The parliament of Solomon Islands votes to delay the next general election amid objections by opposition parties, who accuse Prime Minister Manasseh Sogavare of a "power grab".source
  • 2022Accession of Charles III as King of Belize following the death of Queen Elizabeth II.source
  • 2023Panama announces stricter measures to curb record migration through the Darien Gap, including more deportations, shorter tourist stays, and higher financial requirements.source
  • 2023Greece and North Macedonia, alongside the European Centre for Byzantine Monuments, sign a deal to save Byzantine frescoes from the 12th century. The fresco paintings were found inside St George's church in North Macedonia and are an example of Byzantine art in the Balkan region.source
  • 20232023 Marrakesh–Safi earthquake: A 6.9 magnitude earthquake strikes Marrakesh–Safi province in western Morocco, killing at least 2,960 people and damaging historic buildings.source
  • 2023October 28 – The 2023 Rugby World Cup is held in France and is won by South Africa who beat New Zealand in the final at the Stade de France, claiming a record fourth Rugby World Cup title.source
  • 2024August 28 – September 8 – The 2024 Summer Paralympics are held in Paris, France.source
  • 2025Mass anti-government protests erupt in Nepal, resulting in at least 22 deaths and hundreds injured. Prime Minister K. P. Sharma Oli resigns the following day amidst the demonstrations.source
  • 20252024–2025 French political crisis: The Bayrou government collapses after losing a no-confidence vote.source

Births

  • 685Xuan Zong, emperor of the Tang dynasty (died 762)source
  • 801Ansgar, Frankish monk and archbishop (died 865)source
  • 829Ali al-Hadi, 10th Shia Imam (approximate date)source
  • 1157King Richard I of England (died 1199)source
  • 1209Sancho II ("the Pious"), king of Portugal (died 1248)source
  • 1271Charles Martel, king of Hungary (died 1295)source
  • 1278Theobald II, English nobleman (died 1316)source
  • 1372Thomas Holland, 1st Duke of Surrey (died 1400)source
  • 1380Saint Bernardino of Siena, Italian Franciscan missionary (died 1444)source
  • 1413Catherine of Bologna, Italian cloistered nun (died 1463)source
  • 1442John de Vere, 13th Earl of Oxford (died 1513)source
  • 1462Henry Medwall, first known English vernacular dramatist (died 1501)source
  • 1471William III, Landgrave of Hesse (died 1500)source
  • 1474Ludovico Ariosto, Italian poet (died 1533)source
  • 1475John Stokesley, English prelate (died 1539)source
  • 1494Sri Chand, Indian founder of the ascetic sect of Udasi (died 1629)source
  • 1588Marin Mersenne, French theologian (died 1648)source
  • 1593Toyotomi Hideyori, Japanese nobleman (died 1615)source
  • 1621Louis, Grand Condé, French general (died 1686)source
  • 1621Louis, Grand Condé, general (died 1686)source
  • 1633Ferdinand IV, King of the Romans (died 1654)source
  • 1639William Trumbull, English diplomat and politician (died 1716)source
  • 1652Luisa Roldán, Spanish artist (died 1706)source
  • 1668Giorgio Baglivi, Armenian doctor and writer (died 1707)source
  • 1672Nicolas de Grigny, French organist and composer (died 1703)source
  • 1718Joseph Coulon de Jumonville, military officer. (died 1754)source
  • 1774Anne Catherine Emmerich, German Augustinian Canoness, mystic, Marian visionary, ecstatic and stigmatist (died 1824)source
  • 1779Mustafa IV, sultan of the Ottoman Empire (died 1808)source
  • 1828Joshua Chamberlain, Governor of Maine, President of Bowdoin College in Brunswick, Maine (died 1914)source
  • 1839Gregorio Luperón, Dominican soldier, activist and general (died 1897)source
  • 1841Antonín Dvořák, Czech composer (died 1904)source
  • 1841Charles J. Guiteau, American lawyer, assassin of James A. Garfield (died 1882)source
  • 1852Gojong, 26th king of the Korean Joseon dynasty, first emperor of Korea (died 1919)source
  • 1866Amalia Puga de Losada, writer.source
  • 1886Siegfried Sassoon, British poet (died 1967)source
  • 1889Robert A. Taft, U.S. Senator from Ohio (died 1953)source
  • 1941Bernie Sanders, American politician, U.S. Senator (D-Vt.) and 2016 presidential candidatesource

Deaths

  • 394Arbogast, Frankish generalsource
  • 701Pope Sergius I dies at Rome after a 14-year reign. He is succeeded by John VI as the 85th pope of the Catholic Church.source
  • 780Emperor Leo IV ("the Khazar") dies after a 5-year reign, in which he has been dominated by his wife Irene of Athens, an iconodule. He is succeeded by his 9-year-old son Constantine VI; due to his minority, Irene and her chief minister Staurakios exercise a regency over him.source
  • 780Leo IV, Byzantine emperor (born 750)source
  • 869Ahmad ibn Isra'il al-Anbari, Muslim viziersource
  • 987September 8 (approximate date) – Adalbert I, Count of Vermandois, Frankish noblemansource
  • 1100Antipope Clement III dies at Civita Castellana after a 20-year reign in opposition to the legitimate popes Gregory VII, Victor III and Urban II. Supporters of Emperor Henry IV in Rome choose Theodoric as his successor.source
  • 1100Clement III, antipope of Romesource
  • 1107Richard de Redvers, Norman warrior and baron (born c.1066)source
  • 1217Robert I, Count of Alençon, French nobleman and knightsource
  • 1275Nuño González de Lara, Spanish noblemansource
  • 1287Giordano Orsini, Italian deacon and cardinalsource
  • 1306Simon Fraser, knight, executed by English by being hanged, drawn and quartered in Londonsource
  • 1380Alexander Peresvet, venerated Russian Orthodox monk and champion of Kulikovosource
  • 1395The death of King Stjepan Dabiša leads to the election of his wife Jelena Gruba as Queen of Bosnia. However, most of the Bosnian land is soon appropriated by King Sigismund of Hungary.source
  • 1397Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester, son of King Edward III of England (born 1355)source
  • 1425King Charles III of Navarre (born 1361)source
  • 1425In Spain, King Carlos III of Navarre dies after a reign of 38 years. His daughter, Princess Bianca, becomes the Queen of Navarre and her husband, King John II of Aragon becomes her co-ruler.source
  • 1476John II, Duke of Alençon, son of John I of Alençon and Marie of Brittany (born 1409)source
  • 1539John Stokesley, English prelate (born 1475)source
  • 1548John III of Pernstein, Bohemian land-owner, Governor of Moravia and Count of Kladsko (born 1487)source
  • 1560Amy Robsart, English noblewoman (born 1532)source
  • 1613Carlo Gesualdo, Italian composer (born 1566)source
  • 1628In a persecution of Christians in Japan, 21 Christian converts are executed on the same day.source
  • 1637Robert Fludd, English mystic (born 1574)source
  • 1642Thomas Granger is executed by hanging in the Plymouth Colony (Massachusetts) following confessions to numerous acts of bestiality.source
  • 1644John Coke, English politician (born 1563)source
  • 1645Francisco de Quevedo, Spanish writer (born 1580)source
  • 1650Elizabeth Stuart, second daughter of King Charles I of England (born 1635)source
  • 1654Peter Claver, Spanish Jesuit priest (born 1580)source
  • 1656Joseph Hall, English bishop and writer (born 1574)source
  • 1656Joseph Hall, bishop and writer (born 1574)source
  • 1678Pietro della Vecchia, Italian painter (born 1603)source
  • 1682Juan Caramuel y Lobkowitz, Spanish writer (born 1606)source
  • 1734Michel Sarrazin, Canadian scientist (born 1659)source
  • 1739Yuri Troubetzkoy, Governor of Belgorod (born 1668)source
  • 1755Jacques Legardeur de Saint-Pierre, Canadian military commander (born 1701)source
  • 1755Hendrick Theyanoguin, Mohawk Council leader killed in the Battle of Lake George (born c. 1691)source
  • 1779Bjarni Pálsson, doctor.source
  • 1780Jeanne-Marie Leprince de Beaumont, French writer (born 1711)source
  • 1780Enoch Poor, American Revolutionary general (born 1736)source
  • 1784Ann Lee, American religious leader (born 1736)source
  • 1811Peter Simon Pallas, German zoologist (born 1741)source
  • 1811Peter Simon Pallas, German zoologist (born 1741)source
  • 1814Maria Carolina of Austria, queen of Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies, and de facto ruler (born 1752)source
  • 1909José Dias Ferreira, lawyer and politician (born 1837)source
  • 1933King Faisal I of Iraq (born 1885)source
  • 1949Richard Strauss, German composer (Also Sprach Zarathustra) (born 1864)source
  • 1995Safa Khulusi, Iraqi writer and historian (b.1917)source
  • 2009Aleksandr Aksyonov, former Prime Minister of Byelorussian SSR and Soviet Ambassador to Poland (born 1924).source
  • 2022Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom and 14 other Commonwealth realms dies at Balmoral Castle in Scotland at the age of 96. Her son Charles III succeeds her as King.source
  • 2022Queen Elizabeth II, 96, British monarch and head of the Commonwealth (since 1952).source