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Finland

country in Northern Europe

63 dated entries naming Finland, drawn from 57 separate years between 1008 CE and 2024 CE. Nothing here is written by us: each line is the sentence a Wikipedia year article used, and the link beside it opens the exact revision.

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11th century

  • 1008Battle at Herdaler: Olaf Haraldsson sails to the southern coast of Finland to plunder, where he and his men are ambushed and defeated in the woods.source

12th century

  • 1156January 20 – Freeholder Lalli slays the English missionary-bishop Henry with an axe, on the ice of Lake Köyliönjärvi in Finland (according to legend).source
  • 1191King Canute VI leads a Danish Crusade to Finland.source

13th century

  • 1202Danish forces make a Crusade to Finland which is led by Anders Sunesen, archbishop of Lund, and his brother.source
  • 1245February 21 – Thomas, bishop of Turku (modern Finland), is granted resignation by Pope Innocent IV. He admits to committing several felonies, such as torturing and forging a papal letter.source
  • 1249Summer – Second Swedish Crusade: A Swedish expedition led by Birger Jarl subjugates the province of Tavastia – securing Swedish power in Finland. As a part of the Treaty of Lödöse Birger marries off his 11-year-old daughter Rikissa to Haakon the Young, ruler and eldest son of King Haakon IV of Norway.source
  • 1257The pagan Karelians start a destructive expedition to Sweden in which King Valdemar requests Alexander IV to declare a crusade against them. This leads to the Third Swedish Crusade to Finland (1293–95).source
  • 1300June 17 – In Finland, Turku Cathedral is consecrated by Bishop Magnus I at Turku. During his reign, he helps to complete the Christianization in Finland.source

14th century

  • 1323August 12 – Treaty of Nöteborg: Sweden signs a peace treaty with the Novgorod Republic, regulating the border (known as Finland today) for the first time. The treaty is negotiated with the help of the Hanseatic League in order to conclude the conflict over the control of the Gulf of Finland during the Swedish-Novgorodian Wars.source

15th century

  • 1442The municipality of Juva, Finland is founded.source
  • 1468November 20 – The Hanseatic warship Hanneke Vrome capsizes and sinks off of the coast of Finland, killing its estimated 180 passengers and crew, along with a valuable cargo including 10,000 Rheingulden coins, equivalent to at least 34,000 kg of gold. The ship had been sailing between the Hanseatic cities of Lübeck (in Germany) and Reval (now Tallinn, capital of Estonia) when it ran into a gale.source

16th century

  • 1550June 12 – The city of Helsinki (now in Finland but known as Helsingfors in Sweden at this time) is founded by King Gustav I of Sweden.source
  • 155012 June - King Gustav Vasa founds Helsingfors, now the Helsinki, the capital of Finland.source
  • 1599November 10 – The Åbo Bloodbath takes place in Åbo (Turku), in modern-day Finland, which was part of Sweden at the time.source

17th century

  • 1640Foundation of the University of Helsinki in the Swedish province of Finland.source
  • 1652October 2 – The Great Fire of Oulu destroys almost all of the houses of the town’s bourgeoisie, the provision warehouses and the drawbridge of Oulu Castle, in the town of Oulu, Finland.source
  • 1676An Åbo Lantdag (assembly) meets in Turku, Finland.source
  • 1695The Great Famine of 1695–1697 begins as the Great Famine of Estonia (1695–97) in Swedish Estonia and spreads across Finland, Latvia, Norway and Sweden, while the "seven ill years" of famine in Scotland are ongoing.source
  • 1696The Great Famine of 1695–1697 wipes out almost a third of the population of Finland, while the Great Famine of Estonia (1695–97) takes out a fifth of the population of Estonia; and the "seven ill years" of famine in Scotland are ongoing.source
  • 1700February 12 – The Great Northern War begins with a joint invasion of Swedish territory in Germany and Latvia by Denmark and Poland/Saxony. Sweden has control of the Baltic Sea and holds territory that includes Finland, Estonia, Latvia and parts of northern Germany. To challenge its power, an alliance is formed between Tsar Peter I of Russia, King Frederick IV of Denmark and Augustus II the Strong, King of Poland and Elector of Saxony. Sweden's ruler is the militaristic Charles XII, known as the "Swedish Meteor".source

18th century

  • 1708The Russians burn the city of Porvoo, Finland (at the time part of Sweden).source
  • 1714March 2 – (February 19 old style) The Battle of Storkyro is fought between troops of the Swedish Empire and the Russian Empire, near what is now the village of Napue in Finland. The outnumbered Swedish forces, under the command of General Carl Gustaf Armfeldt, suffer 1,600 troops killed in action while the Russians led by General Mikhail Golitsyn lose 400 men.source
  • 1736June 19 – French Academy of Sciences expedition led by Pierre Louis Maupertuis, with Anders Celsius, begins work on measuring a meridian arc in Torne Valley of Finland.source
  • 1742August 20 – The Swedish-Russian War effectively ends as 17,000 Swedish troops surrender in Finland at Helsingfors (Helsinki).source
  • 1744Administrative divisions of Russia: The Vyborg Governorate is formed on parts of Finland and St. Petersburg Governorate, and Orenburg Governorate is created from Siberian and Astrakhan lands.source
  • 1749A census is conducted in Finland.source
  • 1773Mobilization of the army in the province of Finland because of a feared attack from the Empire of Russia.source
  • 1775November 17 – The city of Kuopio, Finland (belonging to Sweden at this time) is founded by King Gustav III of Sweden.source
  • 1779October 1 – The city of Tampere, Finland (belonging to Sweden at this time) is founded by King Gustav III of Sweden.source

19th century

  • 1808December 1 – Tsar Alexander I of Russia proclaims Finland a part of Russia.source
  • 1827September 4 – The Great Fire of Turku destroys three-quarters of the city (at this time Finland's largest), with 27 human casualties.source
  • 1848The city of Joensuu is founded in North Karelia, Finland by Czar Nicholas I of Russia.source
  • 1862March 17 – The first railway line in Finland, between the cities of Helsinki and Hämeenlinna, is officially opened.source
  • 1865May 12 – Electric equipment and mobile brand Nokia founded in Tampere, Finland.source
  • 1879July 16 – The city of Kotka is founded in Kymenlaakso, Finland, by separating its two islands from the old Kymi parish.source
  • 1882November 2 – The Great Fire of Oulu destroys 27 buildings in the downtown of Oulu, Finland.source
  • 1891September 22 – The first hydropower plant of Finland is commissioned along the Tammerkoski rapids in Tampere, Pirkanmaa.source
  • 1899A particularly severe flood hits many water areas in Finland. The water level of many lakes, such as lake Saimaa, reach extraordinary heights, which are marked on the coastal cliffs to this day. In Finland the flood is called the Oathbreaker's flood because it coincided with severe dissatisfaction with the emperor Nicholas II among the Finns.source

20th century

  • 1920April 3 – Failed assassination attempts on General Mannerheim, retired leader of the victorious White Guard in the Finnish Civil War, led by Aleksander Weckman by order of Eino Rahja, during a White Guard parade in Tampere, Finland.source
  • 1926December 13 – Miina Sillanpää becomes Finland's first female government minister.source
  • 1929September 7 – The steamship SS Kuru sank in Lake Näsijärvi near Tampere, Finland, leading to 138 people drowning.source
  • 1939November 26 – Shelling of Mainila: The Soviet Union's Red Army shells the Russian village of Mainila, then claims that the fire originated from Finland, giving a casus belli for the Winter War.source
  • 1949September 13 - The Soviet Union vetoes United Nations membership for Ceylon, Finland, Iceland, Italy, Jordan and Portugal.source
  • 1952June 28 – The First Miss Universe pageant is held. Armi Kuusela from Finland wins the title of Miss Universe 1952.source
  • 1978September 30 – Finnair Flight 405 aircraft is hijacked by Aarno Lamminparras in Oulu, Finland.source
  • 197830 September – Finnair Flight 405 aircraft is hijacked by Aarno Lamminparras in Oulu, Finland.source
  • 197910 October – The Olkiluoto Nuclear Power Plant began operations in Eurajoki, Satakunta, Finland.source
  • 1987January 17 – The Jumalan teatteri ("The theatre of God") theatre students' group cause a huge scandal at the Oulu City Theatre in Oulu, Finland by throwing excrement, eggs and yoghurt on the audience during their two-minute performance.source
  • 1987February 6 – The Soviet oil tanker Antonio Gramsci suffers a minor shipwreck in Finnish waters en route to the Neste oil refinery in Porvoo, resulting in an oil spill of approximately 570–650 tons.source
  • 1989March 3 – Jammu Siltavuori abducts and murders two eight-year-old girls in the Myllypuro suburb of Helsinki, Finland.source
  • 1989June 1–10 – Pope John Paul II visits Norway, Iceland, Finland, Denmark and Sweden.source
  • 1990April 21 – Japanese Yoshio Tani, M.Sc. murders gold merchant Turkka Elovirta and businessman Juhani Komulainen in Siuntio, Finland, having convinced them to buy a nonexistent 500 kilogram stash of Nazi gold.source
  • 1990September 29 – The Tampere Hall, the largest concert and congress center in the Nordic countries, was inaugurated in Tampere, Finland.source
  • 1991July 1 – The world's first GSM telephone call is made in Finland.source
  • 1995January 1 – Austria, Finland and Sweden join the European Union.source
  • 1997September 21 – St. Olaf's Church, a stone church from the 16th century in Tyrvää, Finland, is burnt down.source

21st century

  • 200323 May: A Russian nuclear energy company founded a branch to promote its bid for Finland's new nuclear power plant. Competing bids have been submitted by French-German company Framatome and General Electric. Finnish power company TVO will make its selection in the autumn at the earliest, but by the end of the year at the latest.source
  • 200510 August – A Sikorsky S-76 helicopter of the Finnish company Copterline has crashed into the Gulf of Finland near Estonia's capital Tallinn with 14 on board; eight Finns, four Estonians and two Americans. There are no survivors.source
  • 2007May 10–12 – The Eurovision Song Contest 2007 takes place in Helsinki, Finland, and is won by Serbian entrant Marija Šerifović with the song "Molitva".source
  • 2007November 7 – The Jokela school shooting happened in Finland.source
  • 201826 May – Georgia celebrates the 100th anniversary of the declaration of independence of the First Republic of Georgia. More than 20 high level delegations arrive to attend the event, including the presidents of Poland, Slovakia, Latvia, Finland, Armenia, and the European Commission.source
  • 2019July 1 – Finland takes over the Presidency of the Council of the European Union, after the Romanian presidency.source
  • 2024March 7 – As the final Nordic country to join the alliance, Sweden officially joins NATO, becoming its 32nd member after Finland a year earlier.source

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