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Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301)

former Central European monarchy (1000–1301)

47 dated entries naming Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301), drawn from 42 separate years between 1008 CE and 1301 CE. Nothing here is written by us: each line is the sentence a Wikipedia year article used, and the link beside it opens the exact revision.

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11th century

  • 1008Sarolt, Grand Princess of Hungary (b. 950)source
  • 1013September 22 – Richeza (or Adelaide), queen of Hungary (d. 1075)source
  • 1030July – Emperor Conrad II (the Elder) leads an invasion into Hungary. He plunders the lands west of the River Rába but suffers from the consequences of the scorched earth tactics used by the Hungarians. Conrad, threatened by starvation, is forced to retreat to Germany. King Stephen I (St. Stephen) pursued his forces, which were defeated and captured by the Hungarians at Vienna.source
  • 1031Summer – After a failed invasion in the previous year, the Holy Roman Empire concludes a peace with the Kingdom of Hungary; Emperor Conrad II is forced to cede the lands between Leitha and Fischa to King Stephen I.source
  • 1051Autumn – Battle of Vértes: Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor invades the Kingdom of Hungary, and is utterly defeated by Andrew I of Hungary.source
  • 1054Judith of Swabia, queen consort of Hungary (d. 1105)source
  • 1060December 6 – Béla I ("the Champion") is crowned king of Hungary after his nephew, Solomon is deprived of the crown. He is supported by Duke Bolesław II the Generous – who helps him (with Polish troops) to obtain the Hungarian throne.source
  • 1063September 11 – Béla I (the Champion), king of Hungarysource
  • 1065Gisela (or Gizella), queen consort of Hungary (b. 985)source
  • 1071The Kingdom of Hungary launches a campaign against the Byzantine Empire. They besiege and capture the border fortress of Belgrade, along with Sirmium and Taurunum.source
  • 1095July – Coloman ("the Learned") begins to establish himself as ruler of Hungary, following the death of his uncle, King Ladislaus I (until 1116).source

12th century

  • 1133Stephen IV, king of Hungary and Croatia (d. 1165)source
  • 1135August 15 – Emperor Lothair III receives homage from Eric II, and makes him an imperial prince at the Reichstag. His diplomatic missions to Hungary and Poland result in a tribute payment. Duke Bolesław III Wrymouth is given Pomerania and Rügen as German fiefs.source
  • 1144Approximate date – Maria Komnene, queen consort of Hungary and Croatia (d. 1190)source
  • 1147May – July – A German expeditionary force (some 20,000 men) under King Conrad III leaves Regensburg and passes into Hungary. The German nobility is headed by Conrad's nephew and heir, Frederick I, duke of Swabia. On July 20, Conrad crosses into the Byzantine Empire, and reaches Sofia – where Michael Palaiologos (a nephew of Emperor Manuel I) gives Conrad an official welcome and provides the Crusaders with food.source
  • 1154Agnes of Austria, queen consort of Hungary (d. 1182)source
  • 1160A plot of land at Miholjanec is donated to the Knights Templar, who build a monastery in nearby Zdelia. This is the earliest historical mention of the Templars in Croatia and Hungary.source
  • 1165April 11 – Stephen IV, king of Hungary and Croatia (b. 1133)source
  • 1167August – Frederick I claims imperial authority over Bohemia, Greater Poland and Hungary. He installs his 3-year-old son Frederick V as duke of Swabia, after Frederick's cousin, Frederick IV, dies of disease at Rome.source
  • 1172April–May – Béla III returns to Hungary – where he is acclaimed king by the Hungarian nobility, after the death (possibly from poison) of his elder brother Stephen III, on March 4.source
  • 1172March 4 – Stephen III, king of Hungary (b. 1147)source
  • 1173Approximate date – King Béla III of Hungary invites Cistercian and Premonstratensian monks to Hungary. They introduce advanced agricultural methods in the realm.source
  • 1174Emeric, king of Hungary and Croatia (d. 1204)source
  • 1182January 13 – Agnes of Austria, queen of Hungary (b. 1154)source
  • 1182May – June – Béla III, king of Hungary, ravages the region of Belgrade and Barancs (modern-day Braničevo). Meanwhile, Serbia allies itself with Hungary to gain independence.source
  • 1185Gertrude of Merania, queen of Hungary (d. 1213)source

13th century

  • 1206Béla IV, king of Hungary and Croatia (d. 1270)source
  • 1212The Teutonic Order builds Bran Castle in the Burzenland (modern Romania) as a fortified position at the entrance of a mountain pass through which traders can travel. The Teutonic Knights build another five castles, some of them made of stone. Their rapid expansion in Hungary makes the nobility and clergy, who are previously uninterested in those regions, jealous and suspicious.source
  • 1233June – Yolanda de Courtenay, queen consort of Hungarysource
  • 1239Autumn – King Béla IV of Hungary allows some 40,000 Cumans, pagan nomads fleeing the Mongols, to settle in Hungary between the rivers Danube and Theiss, after their leader, Köten, has promised to convert to Christianity.source
  • 1239Stephen V, king of Hungary (House of Árpád) (d. 1272)source
  • 1242Battle of Grobnik Field: Croatian forces under Béla IV stop the Mongol invasion in Hungary and Croatia. Béla rebuilds the country and orders the building of fortifications through his kingdom.source
  • 1244Elizabeth the Cuman, queen consort of Hungary (d. 1290)source
  • 1245Beatrice d'Este, queen consort of Hungary (b. 1215)source
  • 1246June 15 – Battle of the Leitha River: Hungarian forces, under King Béla IV, defeat Duke Frederick II (the Quarrelsome) at the banks of the Leitha River. Frederick is killed (leaving no male heirs); the House of Babenberg is dissolved. Emperor Frederick II places the fiefs of Austria and Styria under his rule. This ends the Austrian claims to the western counties of Hungary.source
  • 1261February 11 – Otto III, Duke of Bavaria, king of Hungary and Croatia (d. 1312)source
  • 1262August 5 – Ladisslaus IV ("the Cuman"), king of Hungary (d. 1290)source
  • 1271July 2 – Peace of Pressburg: Kings Ottokar II and Stephen V sign a peace agreement at Pressburg, settling territorial claims, following the failed invasion of Hungary by Ottokar in April. In the agreement, Stephen promises not to support Ottokar's opponents in Carinthia, and Ottokar renounces the castles he and his partisans occupy in Hungary.source
  • 1271September 8 – Charles Martel, king of Hungary (d. 1295)source
  • 1281May 18 – Agnes of Austria, queen consort of Hungary (House of Árpád) (d. 1364)source
  • 1285Winter – The Mongol Golden Horde led by Nogai Khan and Talabuga attacks Hungary for the second time. They successfully subdue Slovakia and sack territory north of the Carpathian Mountains.source
  • 1288August 8 – Pope Nicholas IV proclaims a crusade against the 26-year-old King Ladislaus IV, who had lost credibility by favoring his semi-pagan Cuman subjects in Hungary, and in general refusing to conform to the social standards of Western Europe. Meanwhile, the Hungarian government loses more power because the clergy and most of the nobles rule the kingdom independently.source
  • 1289October 6 – Wenceslaus III, king of Hungary and Croatia (d. 1306)source
  • 1290July 10 – King Ladislaus IV of Hungary ("the Cuman") is assassinated at the castle of Körösszeg (modern Romania). He is succeeded by Andrew III ("the Venetian"), after an election by Hungarian nobles, who is crowned by Archbishop Lodomer as new ruler of Hungary and Croatia in Székesfehérvár on July 23.source
  • 1295August 12 – Charles Martel, titular king of Hungary (b. 1271)source

14th century

  • 1301January 14 – Andrew III ("Andrew the Venetian"), king of Hungary (b. 1265)source
  • 1301January 14 – With the death of King Andrew III ("the Venetian") after a short illness, possibly from poisoning, the Árpád Dynasty in Hungary ends. This results in a power struggle between Wenceslaus III of Bohemia, Otto III of Bavaria, and Charles Robert of Naples. Eventually, Wenceslaus is elected and crowned as king of Hungary and Croatia. His rule is only nominal, because a dozen powerful Hungarian nobles hold sway over large territories in the kingdom.source

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