1109 CE

Urraca of León becomes queen of León, Castile and Galicia after the death of her father, King Alfonso VI, making her the first European queen regnant. She marries Alfonso I. Siege of Tripoli: After a 7-year siege (supported by the Genoese fleet), Tripoli falls to the Crusaders. Fakhr al-Mulk ibn Ammar, qadi of Tripoli, submits to Bertrand of Toulouse (the eldest son of Raymond IV). He establishes the County of Tripoli, the fourth Crusader state in the Middle East. Raymond's nephew William II Jordan dies of an arrow wound sustained during the siege, leaving Bertrand as its sole ruler. Siege of Głogów: German forces led by King Henry V besiege Głogów. He is forced to abandon the siege – due to attacks of Polish guerilla warriors.

In the 1100s, the 12th century.

Conflict & Security

  • July 12 – Siege of Tripoli: After a 7-year siege (supported by the Genoese fleet), Tripoli falls to the Crusaders. Fakhr al-Mulk ibn Ammar, qadi of Tripoli, submits to Bertrand of Toulouse (the eldest son of Raymond IV). He establishes the County of Tripoli, the fourth Crusader state in the Middle East. Raymond's nephew William II Jordan dies of an arrow wound sustained during the siege, leaving Bertrand as its sole ruler.source
  • August 10 – Battle of Nakło: Bolesław III leads an expedition into Pomerania. He besieges the castle of Nakło and defeats a Pomeranian relief force.source
  • August 24 – Siege of Głogów: German forces led by King Henry V besiege Głogów. He is forced to abandon the siege – due to attacks of Polish guerilla warriors.source
  • August 24 – Battle of Hundsfeld: Bolesław III defeats the imperial forces under Henry V at Hundsfeld. The Germans are ambushed by the Polish forces.source
  • The Almoravid army, led by Ali ibn Yusuf, fails to reconquer Toledo (lost in 1085).source
  • An army was led by the High King, with the people of Northern Ireland, to Sliabh. However, Ceallach, successor of Patrick, made a year's peace between Mac Lochlainn and Ua Briain; after which the people with the Cinel-Conaill and Cinel-Eoghain, proceeded to attack the Ulidians; who in turn gave them the three hostages which they themselves selected.Irelandsource
  • Fighting is recorded among Leinster dynasties, involving the Uí Cheinnselaig rival Leinster factions. These conflicts are recorded as violent clashes.Irelandsource

Religion & Belief

  • Summer – Almoravid emir Ali ibn Yusuf organizes a public ritual of penance (auto-da-fé) of the works of Al-Ghazali, in front of the Great Mosque of Cordoba.source

Culture & Society

  • July 1 – Urraca of León becomes queen of León, Castile and Galicia after the death of her father, King Alfonso VI, making her the first European queen regnant. She marries Alfonso I.source
  • Anselm of Laon, French monk and theologian, becomes chancellor of the cathedral at Laon (approximate date).source

Births

  • July 25 – Afonso I, king of Portugal (died 1185)source
  • September 7 – Gongye, Korean queen (died 1183)source
  • October 29 – Injong of Goryeo, Korean king (died 1146)source
  • William d'Aubigny, 1st Earl of Arundel (died 1176)source
  • Al-Rashid, caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate (died 1138)source
  • Bertrand de Blanchefort, French Grand Master (died 1169)source
  • Béla II, king of Hungary and Croatia (died 1141)source
  • Abu'l-Hasan al-Hasan ibn Ali, Zirid emir (died 1171)source

Deaths