/year

April 28 in history

184 sourced entries recorded on April 28, from 32 CE to 2025 CE. Every line is quoted from the revision it came from.

Events

  • 224Battle of Hormozdgan: King Ardashir I defeats Artabanus V, destroying the Parthian Empire, and establishing the Sassanid Dynasty. Artabanus V's brother Vologases VI will continue to rule, with Armenian and Kushan support, over outlying parts of Parthia.source
  • 357Emperor Constantius II enters Rome for the first time to celebrate his victory over Magnentius. He address the Senate and the Roman people.source
  • 636Yuknoom Chʼeen II becomes the ruler of the Mayan city state of Calakmul in southern Mexico and reigns for 50 years until his death in 686.source
  • 1138Siege of Shaizar begins. The Byzantines under John II besiege the capital of the Munqidhite Emirate. They capture the lower city on May 20, but fail to take the citadel. John negotiates with Emir Abu'l Asakir Sultan who sends him an offer to pay a large indemnity and become a vassal of the Byzantine Empire. John, disgusted by his Crusader allies, accepts the terms and raises the siege on May 21.source
  • 1253Nichiren, Japanese Buddhist monk, declares his intent to preach the Lotus Sutra and Namu Myōhō Renge Kyō as the true Buddhism, thus founding Nichiren Buddhism.source
  • 1315The Mamluk Sultanate army invades the Christian outpost of Malatya in Byzantium, then loots the city.source
  • 1357Erik Magnusson is recognized as king of most of Sweden, in opposition to his father, King Magnus.source
  • 1373Hundred Years' War: The French re-capture most of Brittany from the English, but are unable to take Brest, and John IV, Duke of Brittany, is forced into exile.source
  • 1373Hundred Years' War: The French re-capture most of Brittany from the English, but are unable to take Brest.source
  • 1376The Good Parliament, so called because its members attempt to reform the corrupt Royal Council, begins in England .source
  • 1401King Zsigmond of Hungary refuses to comply with demands of the Archbishop John Kanizsai and the Palatine Derek Bebek, he is taken prisoner. Sigismund remains captive until October 29.source
  • 1423Ashikaga Yoshimochi abdicates as shogun of Japan and is succeeded by his son, Ashikaga Yoshikazu.source
  • 1430The Hussites defeat Hungarian and Serbian troops in the Battle of Nagyszombat in an invasion of the Kingdom of Hungary near Nagyszombat (now Trnava in Slovakia).source
  • 1448The militia of francs-archers, the first regular infantry in France, is created by the ordonnance of Montil-lès-Tours during the reign of King Charles VII, directing that in each parish, the person most skilled in the use of archery would be exempt from certain obligations in return for perfecting his skills on a weekly basis and being ready to be summoned for combat.source
  • 1462Pope Pius II issues the papal bull Cum almam nostram urbem prohibiting the destruction or removal of the ancient ruins in Rome and Campagna or the burning of ancient marble for lime, with violators subject to excommunication.source
  • 1463Pope Pius issues the papal bull In Minoribus Agnetes, retracting his earlier complaint against the late Pope Eugene IV and endorsing the previous work at the Council of Basel.source
  • 1482In Spain, King Ferdinand of Aragon and Castile formally takes command in the Granada War at Alhama.source
  • 1528Battle of Capo d'Orso: The French fleet, under mercenary captain Filippino Doria, crushes the Spanish squadron trying to run the blockade of Naples.source
  • 1539The English Parliament meets for the first time since 1536, after being summoned by King Henry VIII as his seventh Parliament.source
  • 1552The delegates to the Council of Trent adjourn for two years after learning that the Holy Roman Emperor is fleeing from Maurice of Saxony.source
  • 1553Shimun VIII Yohannan Sulaqa, leader of the Chaldean Catholic Church in modern-day Iraq, is recognized by Pope Julius III as the Patriarch of Mosul.source
  • 1557Henry Neville, 5th Earl of Westmorland, arrives in Scarborough and ends the Stafford rebellion, arresting Stafford and the small rebel force.source
  • 1584(Tenshō 12, 18th day of the 3rd month) In Japan, the Battle of Komaki begins as fight between Toyotomi Hideyoshi and Tokugawa Ieyasu when Ieyasu, commander of 100,000 men, begins the occupation of the Komakiyama Castle, prompting Hideyoshi to advance from Osaka with 30,000 troops.source
  • 1592Battle of Ch'ungju: Japan inflicts a decisive defeat on Korea.source
  • 1600Estates General opens in Brussels (dissolved 9 November)source
  • 1603The funeral of Elizabeth I of England is held in Westminster Abbey.source
  • 1611The Colegio de Nuestra Señora del Santísimo Rosario is established in Manila, the Philippines (later renamed Colegio de Santo Tomas, and later still the University of Santo Tomas).source
  • 1653The Great Fire of Marlborough destroys 224 houses and much of the textile businesses in the Wiltshire town which, "at that date was one of considerable importance, and had merchants of affluence and repute."source
  • 1655Admiral Blake severely damages the arsenal of the Bey of Tunis.source
  • 1655Admiral Robert Blake destroys the pirate fleet of the bey of Tunis.source
  • 1656The Dutch East India Company ship Vergulde Draeck, with 193 crew aboard and a valuable cargo is wrecked off Ledge Point, Western Australia, with the loss of 118 members. Another 75 make it to shore, with limited provisions. The ship had been bound from the Cape of Good Hope to Batavia in the Dutch East Indies (now Jakarta in Indonesia).source
  • 1664Juan Alonso de Cuevas y Dávalos is appointed as the new Roman Catholic Archbishop of Mexico by Pope Alexander VII, to allow Archbishop Mateo de Sagade de Bugueyro to return to Spain. Archbishop Cuevas is installed on November 15 upon his arrival in Mexico City.source
  • 1693The 90-gun English Royal Navy warship HMS Windsor Castle is wrecked beyond repair on the Goodwin Sands.source
  • 1708The Great Hoei fire breaks out in Kyoto, Japan, destroying the Imperial Palace and a large portion of the old capital.source
  • 1715Treaty of Stettin (1715)source
  • 1719A Peerage Bill, proposed by Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl of Sunderland and James Stanhope, 1st Earl Stanhope, to prevent the creation of peers in the House of Lords, is defeated in the House of Commons by the eloquence of Robert Walpole.source
  • 1724The first of the seven Drapier's Letters, satirical pamphlets seeking to arouse public opinion in Ireland against the imposition by the British of a privately minted copper coinage, is published by Jonathan Swift, Dean of St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin and author, writing under the pseudonym "M. B., Drapier", identifying himself as a drapier or seller of cloth.source
  • 1731A fire at White's Chocolate House, near St. James's Palace in London, destroys the historic club and the paintings therein, but is kept from spreading by the fast response of firemen.source
  • 1731a fire at White's Chocolate House, near St. James's Palace in London, destroys the historic club and the paintings therein, but is kept from spreading by the fast response of firemen.source
  • 1738Pope Clement XII issues the papal bull In eminenti apostolatus, prohibiting Roman Catholics from being members of Masonic societies.source
  • 1760British defenders and the French Army clash at the Battle of Sainte-Foy to determine the future control of Quebec. General Murray is forced to retreat after the British suffer 259 deaths and 845 wounded, while the French under Marshal Lévis suffer 193 deaths and 640 wounded.source
  • 1770David Hartley, leader of the Cragg Vale Coiners, is hanged near York.source
  • 1774The Freedom of the press is restricted.source
  • 1785Astronomer William Herschel begins his second series of surveys of the stars, published in 1789.source
  • 1788Maryland ratifies the United States Constitution, and becomes the seventh U.S. state.source
  • 1789Mutiny on the Bounty: Fletcher Christian leads the mutiny on the British Royal Navy ship HMS Bounty against Captain William Bligh, in the Pacific Ocean.source
  • 1794Sardinian Vespers: The people of Cagliari in Sardinia oust the viceroy and his Piedmontese functionaries.source
  • 1796In an impassioned speech, U.S. Representative Fisher Ames of Massachusetts persuades his fellow members of the House to support the Jay Treaty.source
  • 1797auction of Dominican convent and church in Antwerp begins; buildings bought by Prior Cornelius Peltiers.source
  • 1805The Huguenots consecrated the Strooidakkerk (thatched church) in Paarlsource
  • 1816The French Caisse des dépôts et consignations, a public investment body, is created by Louis XVIII.source
  • 1835Lord Eliot Conventionsource
  • 1847the brig Exmouth carrying emigrants from Derry bound for Quebec is wrecked off Islay with only three survivors from more than 250 on board.source
  • 1851Santa Clara College is chartered in Santa Clara, California.source
  • 1858April 28–May 1 – Battle of Grahovac: The Ottomans are decisively defeated by Montenegrin forces. The Bawani Imli massacre, (April 28) where 52 Indian freedom fighters were hanged to death on a tamarind tree by British colonial forces.source
  • 1859American ship Pomona is wrecked off the Irish coast, with 424 dead.source
  • 1863Brewarrina, New South Wales proclaimed a township.source
  • 1867I.C. Sorosis, the first women's fraternity (sorority) founded upon the men's fraternity model, with Pi Beta Phi as its motto, is founded at Monmouth College in Monmouth, Illinois. In 1888, the motto becomes the name of the organization.source
  • 1881Billy the Kid escapes from his 2 jailers at the Lincoln County Jail in Mesilla, New Mexico, killing James Bell and Robert Ollinger, before stealing a horse and riding out of town.source
  • 1883The first rugby sevens tournament is played at Melrose RFC in Scotland.source
  • 1884Napier Commission delivers the Report of Her Majesty's Commissioners of Inquiry Into the Condition of the Crofters and Cottars in the Highlands and Islands of Scotland.source
  • 1905A tornado strikes Laredo, Texas and kills 100.source
  • 1906The Milan International world's fair opens in Milan. It would receive 4,012,776 visits and covered 250 acres.source
  • 1907The vulcano on the island of Stromboli is erupting large quantities of ash, damaging vineyards in Calabria and Sicily.source
  • 1916April 24–30 – The Easter Rising occurs in Ireland. Members of the Irish Republican Brotherhood proclaim an Irish Republic, and the Irish Volunteers and Irish Citizen Army occupy the General Post Office and other buildings in Dublin, before surrendering to the British Army. A total of 485 Irish Volunteers, British soldiers and Irish civilians were killed as well as 2,200 wounded and 16 rebel leaders would be executed.source
  • 1919Fraserburgh life-boat Lady Rothes, on service to HM Drifter Eminent, suffers two crew swept overboard.source
  • 1923The original Wembley Stadium in London, England, opens its doors to the public for the first time, staging the FA Cup Final between Bolton Wanderers and West Ham United.source
  • 1925Presenting the Stanley Baldwin government's budget, Chancellor of the Exchequer Winston Churchill announces Britain's return to the gold standard.source
  • 1926J. G. Parry-Thomas breaks the world land speed record on Pendine Sands, in his new car, "Babs".source
  • 1927April 22–May 5 – The Great Mississippi Flood of 1927 strikes 700,000 people, in the greatest natural disaster in American history through this time.source
  • 192828 inches of snow fall in southern-central Pennsylvania, United States.source
  • 1939In a speech before the Reichstag, Adolf Hitler renounces the Anglo-German Naval Agreement and the German–Polish declaration of non-aggression.source
  • 1941World War II persecution of Serbs: Gudovac massacre – Members of the Croatian nationalist Ustashe movement kill around 190 Bjelovar Serbs in the village of Gudovac, in the Independent State of Croatia.source
  • 1945The bodies of Benito Mussolini, his mistress, Clara Petacci, and other followers are hung by their heels at a gas station in the public square of Milan, Piazzale Loreto, following their execution by Italian partisans after an attempt to flee the country.source
  • 1946Kinderdorf Pestalozzi (Pestalozzi Children's Village) is established at Trogen, Switzerland to accommodate and educate orphans of World War II, according to Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi's principles.source
  • 1947Eugène Rodenbourg is appointed to the Council of State, replacing Jacques Delahaye and Robert Als.source
  • 1949The 1949 Commonwealth Prime Ministers' Conference issues the London Declaration, enabling India (and, thereafter, any other nation) to remain in the Commonwealth despite becoming a republic, creating the position of 'Head of the Commonwealth' (held by the ruling British monarch), and renaming the organization, from the 'British Commonwealth' to the 'Commonwealth of Nations'.source
  • 1950His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej married Mom Rajawongse Sirikit Kitiyakara in Lausanne.source
  • 19511951 Australian federal election: Robert Menzies' Liberal/Country Coalition Government is re-elected with a decreased majority, defeating the Labor Party, led by former Prime Minister Ben Chifley. Chifley dies a little over a month after the election; he will be replaced by his deputy H. V. Evatt.source
  • 1952The Treaty of San Francisco goes into effect, formally ending the war between Japan and the Allies, and simultaneously ending the occupation of the four main Japanese islands by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers.source
  • 1952The signing of Sino-Japanese Peace Treaty in Taipei between Japan and the Republic of China.source
  • 1954U.S. Secretary of State John Foster Dulles accuses Communist China of sending combat troops to Indo-China to train Viet Minh guerrillas.source
  • 1958A bomber flown by a U.S. Central Intelligence Agency operative in support of Indonesian Permesta rebels bombs the harbor at Balikpapan, Borneo, Indonesia, hitting an Indonesian naval corvette and two British oil tankers. In June, the Indonesian and British governments both claim that Indonesian rebels are responsible for such attacks, concealing the C.I.A.'s involvement.source
  • 1961Grand Duchess Charlotte declares her eldest son, Hereditary Grand Duke Jean, to be her Lieutenant Representative.source
  • 1962The establishment of TTV Main Channel.source
  • 19631963 general election is held in Italy.source
  • 1967Expo 67 opens to the public, with over 310,000 people attending. Al Carter from Chicago is the first visitor as noted by Expo officials.source
  • 1967The U.S. aerospace manufacturer McDonnell Douglas is formed through a merger of McDonnell Aircraft and Douglas Aircraft (it becomes part of The Boeing Company three decades later).source
  • 1969Charles de Gaulle steps down as president of France after suffering defeat in a referendum the day before.source
  • 1969Crash of LAN Chile Flight 160. A Boeing 727 from Buenos Aires crashed in a field near Colina. There were no deaths or injuries.source
  • 1974by order of Haile Selassie asked Prime Minister Aklilu Habte-Wold to resign from office and instead installed liberal aristocrat Endelkachew Mekonnen as the new prime minister.source
  • 1977A federal court in Stuttgart, West Germany, sentences Red Army Faction members Andreas Baader, Gudrun Ensslin, and Jan-Carl Raspe to life imprisonment.source
  • 1978April 18– 30 – The Khmer Rouge massacres 3,157 civilians in Ba Chúc, Vietnam.source
  • 1985The Australian Nuclear Disarmament Party (NDP) splits.source
  • 1988Aloha Airlines Flight 243 safely lands after losing its roof in midair, killing a flight attendant and injuring 65 people.source
  • 1992The two remaining constituent republics of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia – Serbia and Montenegro – form a new state, named the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (which in 2003 becomes Serbia and Montenegro), bringing to an end the official state union of Serbs, Croats, Slovenes, Montenegrins, Bosniaks and Macedonians that has existed since 1918 (with the exception of a brief occupation period during World War II).source
  • 1995A gas explosion in a subway construction site caused about 100 deaths in Daegu.source
  • 199529, 1995:Pyongyang International Sports and Culture Festival for Peace(Aired in august 4)source
  • 1996Port Arthur massacre (Australia): Martin Bryant kills 35 people at the Port Arthur tourist site in Tasmania.source
  • 1996Bhai Pheru bus bombing: A bomb explodes in Bhai Pheru, Punjab, Pakistan, killing more than 60 people.source
  • 1998Construction starts on the Umm al-Qura Mosque, one of the largest mosques in Iraq.source
  • 1998Men claiming to be members of the Peasant Self-Defense Group of Córdoba and Urabá (ACCU) kidnap 6 previously displaced men in Bello, Antioquia, killing at least 4 (the other 2 being 'disappeared').source
  • 2001Construction of the Umm al-Qura Mosque, one of the largest mosques in Iraq, is completed.source
  • 2001Erik Dekker wins the Amstel Gold Race.source
  • 2001The Russian spacecraft Soyuz TM-32 lifts off from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, carrying the first space tourist, American entrepreneur Dennis Tito, and two Russian cosmonauts.source
  • 2002Two Jewish settlers are arrested attempting to place a bomb at the Maqasid Hospital, Jerusalem.source
  • 2002April 26-28 - 2002 Asian Taekwondo Championshipssource
  • 2003The iTunes Store launches.source
  • 2004The Gherkin opens in London.source
  • 2008April 27 – 30 – Local elections were held in the country.source
  • 2011Lithuania's Omnitel opened LTE "4G" network working in 5 biggest cities.source
  • 2011April 25–28 – The 2011 Super Outbreak forms in the Southern, Midwest and Eastern United States with a tornado count of 362; killing 324 and injuring over 2,200.source
  • 2014Official opening of the Second Global Open Society Forum in Bakusource
  • 2014United States President Barack Obama's new economic sanctions against Russia go into effect, targeting companies and individuals close to Russian President Vladimir Putin.source
  • 20192019 Beninese parliamentary electionsource
  • 2019Victor Vescovo achieves the deepest dive of any human in history, as he reaches Challenger Deep within the Mariana Trench, at a depth of 10,928 m (35,853 ft).source
  • 2020A fast radio burst is detected from the Magnetar SGR 1935+2154, the first ever detected inside the Milky Way, and the first to be linked to a known source.source
  • 2020The Indian Ministry of External Affairs condemns the U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom after its annual report recommends placing India on the "countries of particular concern" blacklist over the Citizenship Amendment Act, the revocation of Jammu and Kashmir's special status, and controversial comments made by Home Minister Amit Shah, among others.source
  • 2021The European Union approves the EU–UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement, governing the relationship between the EU and UK after Brexit.source
  • 2024National Heroes' Daysource
  • 20252025 Canadian federal election: Following Justin Trudeau's resignation as prime minister in March, former governor of the Bank of Canada Mark Carney becomes the Prime Minister of Canada. The Liberal Party wins a fourth consecutive election and forms a minority government.source
  • 2025National Heroes' Daysource
  • 2025A widespread power outage affects Spain and Portugal for hours. Andorra is affected for a few seconds while southern France is lightly affected.source
  • 2025A massive blackout hits the Iberian Peninsula, causing extensive power outages across mainland Portugal.source

Births

  • 32Marcus Salvius Otho, Roman emperor (died AD 69)source
  • 1402Nezahualcoyotl, Acolhuan philosopher, warrior, poet and tlatoani of Texcoco (died 1472)source
  • 1442Edward IV, King of England from 4 March 1461 until 3 October 1470, and again from 11 April 1471 to 9 April 1483 (died 1483)source
  • 1545Yi Sun-sin, Korean naval commander (died 1598)source
  • 1568Teodósio II, Duke of Braganza, Portuguese nobleman and father of João IV of Portugal (died 1630)source
  • 1589Margaret of Savoy, Vicereine of Portugal (died 1655)source
  • 1604Joris Jansen Rapelje, Early Dutch settler in colonial North America (died 1662)source
  • 1623Wilhelmus Beekman, Dutch politician (died 1707)source
  • 1630Charles Cotton, English poet and writer (died 1687)source
  • 1742Henry Dundas, British statesman (died 1811)source
  • 1753Franz Karl Achard, German chemist, physicist and biologist (died 1821)source
  • 1758James Monroe, fifth President of the United States (died 1831)source
  • 1787Jean-Joseph Raikem, politician (died 1875)source
  • 1889António de Oliveira Salazar, Portuguese dictator (died 1970)source
  • 1896Tristan Tzara, avant-garde poet and essayist (died 1963).source
  • 1924Kenneth Kaunda, 1st President of Zambia (died 2021)source
  • 1930James Baker, former United States Secretary of State and United States Secretary of the Treasurysource
  • 1937Saddam Hussein, 5th President of Iraq (died 2006)source
  • 1948Terry Pratchett, English comic fantasy, science fiction author (died 2015)source

Deaths

  • 224Artabanus IV, king of Parthiasource
  • 948Hu Jinsi, Chinese general and prefectsource
  • 988Adaldag, archbishop of Bremensource
  • 1069Magnus II (Haraldsson), king of Norwaysource
  • 1076Sweyn II Estridsson, king of Denmarksource
  • 1109Hugh the Great, abbot of Cluny (born 1024)source
  • 1192Conrad of Montferrat (Conrad I), King of Jerusalem, is assassinated in Tyre, only days after his title to the throne is confirmed by election. The killing is carried out by Hashshashin, later the basis of folk etymology for the English word "assassin."source
  • 1192Conrad of Montferrat, King of Jerusalem (born mid-1140s)source
  • 1197Rhys ap Gruffydd, a Welsh prince, dies and is succeeded by his eldest son Gruffydd ap Rhys II. With the help of Gwenwynwyn, his brother Maelgwn ap Rhys invades southern Wales.source
  • 1197Rhys ap Gruffydd, Welsh prince of Deheubarthsource
  • 1227Henry V (the Elder), German nobleman (born 1173)source
  • 1260Luchesius Modestini, founding member of the Third Order of St. Francissource
  • 1260Blessed Luchesio Modestinisource
  • 1400Baldus de Ubaldis, Italian jurist (born 1327)source
  • 1414Jeanne-Marie de Maille (born 1331)source
  • 1446Queen Soheon of Joseon, Queen consort of King Sejong of Korea, dies 27 years after her husband first ascended the throne. King Sejong spends the remaining four years of his life in mourning and becomes a vegetarian.source
  • 1462Oldřich II of Rosenberg, Bohemian nobleman (born 1403)source
  • 1489Henry Percy, 4th Earl of Northumberland, is killed in the village of South Kilvington in Yorkshire while meeting with John à Chambre in an attempt to stop the Yorkshire rebellion of 1489, which had started over King Henry VII's raising of taxes in Northumberland and Yorkshire.source
  • 1489Henry Percy, 4th Earl of Northumberland (born c. 1449)source
  • 1503Third Italian War: Battle of Cerignola – Spanish forces under Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba defeat the French under Louis d'Armagnac, Duke of Nemours, who is killed, in Apulia. This is considered to be the first battle in history won by gunpowder small arms.source
  • 1521Suzanne, French noblewomen, Duchess of Bourbon (b.1491)source
  • 1533Nicholas West, English bishop and diplomat (born 1461)source
  • 1643Francisco de Lucena, former Portuguese Secretary of State, is beheaded after being convicted of treason.source
  • 1670Alexandre de Prouville de Tracy, aristocrat, statesman and military leader (born 1596 or 1603)source
  • 1710Thomas Betterton, English actor (born c. 1635)source
  • 1716Saint Louis de Montfort, author, True Devotion to Mary (born 1673)source
  • 1719Farrukhsiyar, Mughal Emperor (born 1685)source
  • 1726Thomas Pitt, British Governor of Madras (born 1653)source
  • 1732Thomas Parker, 1st Earl of Macclesfield (born 1666)source
  • 1740Bajirao I, Great Maratha warrior and Prime Minister of Marartha Empire (b.1700)source
  • 1772Johann Friedrich Struensee, Danish royal physician and de facto regent, executed (born 1737)source
  • 1780Juan de Miralles, 66, diplomat and arms dealer during the American Revolutionary War, pneumonia.source
  • 1813Mikhail Kutuzov, Russian field marshal (born 1745)source
  • 1841Peter Chanel, French Roman Catholic priest, missionary, and saint (martyred) (born 1803)source
  • 1903Josiah Willard Gibbs, American physical chemist (born 1839)source
  • 1918WWI: Gavrilo Princip, assassin of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, dies in Terezín, Austria-Hungary, after three years in prison.source
  • 1945Benito Mussolini, Italian politician, journalist, 27th Prime Minister of Italy and Duce of Fascism (born 1883)source
  • 1949Former First Lady of the Philippines Aurora Quezon, 61, is assassinated while en route to dedicate a hospital in memory of her late husband; her daughter and 10 others are also killed.source
  • 1949Sir Fabian Ware, British founder of the Imperial War Graves Commission (born 1869)source
  • 1999Alf Ramsey, 79, British football player and manager (Ipswich Town, England), Alzheimer's disease and prostate cancer.source
  • 2021At least 55 people are killed and nearly 50,000 more are displaced in one of the most serious clashes in Central Asia following border disputes between Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan.source