/year

November 16 in history

232 sourced entries recorded on November 16, from 42 BCE to 2025 CE. Every line is quoted from the revision it came from.

Events

  • 367Antipope Ursicinus is banished by the praefecti to Gaul.source
  • 534A second and final revision of the Codex Justinianus is published.source
  • 636November 16–19 – Battle of al-Qādisiyyah: The Muslim Arab army defeats the Persian forces under Rostam Farrokhzād, at Al-Qādisiyyah (Southern Mesopotamia).source
  • 951Emperor Li Jing sends a Southern Tang expeditionary force (10,000 men) under Bian Hao to conquer Chu. Li Jing removes the ruling family to his own capital in Nanjing, ending the Chu Kingdom.source
  • 1005Ælfric of Abingdon, archbishop of Canterbury, leaves ships to the people of Wiltshire and Kent in his will, leaving the best, equipped for 60 men, to King Æthelred the Unready.source
  • 1202November 10–24 – Siege of Zara: The Crusaders under Boniface of Montferrat besiege and conquer Zara (modern-day Zadar) in Dalmatia. Despite letters from Innocent III forbidding such an action, and threatening excommunication. The leading citizens of Zara hang banners of crosses along the outer walls, professing their Catholic faith. Nevertheless, the Crusaders breach and sack the city, killing many.source
  • 1242King Béla IV issues the Golden Bull to the inhabitants of Gradec (modern-day Zagreb) and Samobor in Croatia. By this golden bull, Béla proclaimes Gradec a royal free city.source
  • 1322The tiny Spanish emirate of Guadix, created after Nasr was forced to abdicate as Sultan of Granada in 1314, comes to an end upon Nasr's death.source
  • 1326King Edward II of England is captured at Neath Abbey in Wales and brought to England, where he is imprisoned at Kenilworth Castle in Warwickshire.source
  • 1377The village of Westkerke in the Netherlands, on the island of Wolphaartsdijk is entirely washed away by a flood. Three centuries later, the Dutch will reclaim the land from sea by the building of dikes, Wolphaartsdijk will no longer be an island and the area where Westkerke had existed will be resettled. The remains of the lost village will be found in 1975, almost six centuries after its destruction.source
  • 1414The Council of Constance opens at Konstanz begins in order to end the western schism and resolve the conflict of having three different Popes recognized by Rome (Benedict XIII), Avignon (Gregory XII) and Pisa (John XXIII), after being summoned by King Sigismund.source
  • 1417The English Parliament opens at Westminster for a 31-day session and re-elects Roger Flower as Speaker of the House of Commons.source
  • 1423On behalf of the infant King Henry VI of England, Duke of Bedford, Regent for France, confirms the 1315 Norman Charter.source
  • 1430(1st waxing of Natdaw 792 ME) In Burma, Min Saw Mon, King of Arakan, moves the capital from Launggyet to the nearby, but more strategically located, city of Mrauk-U.source
  • 1435The French port of Dieppe, occupied by the English Army since its capture in 1420, is retaken by French royalists led by Charles Desmarais and Pierre de Rieux.source
  • 1447In the War of the Milanese Succession, Francesco Sforza, leader of the forces of the Ambrosian Republic of Milan, overwhelms the city of Piacenza after a siege that began on October 1. According to a contemporary account, Piacenza "endured every evil" from the Milanese over the next 50 days. Cristoforo da Soldo comments that "as for the ravaging of the land that was plundered, it would take a great pile of paper to write down the many cruelties. All the churches were robbed.. virgins, married women, widows, and nuns, all of them were shamed, abused and wrongly molested."source
  • 1454Nikola Skobaljić, the Serbian voivode of Dubočica who had resisted Ottoman rule, is defeated by the armies of the Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II and is taken prisoner. Skobaljić is executed by impalement at the Mehmed's command, and his head is sent to Constantinople to serve as an example of the punishment for people who resist the Ottoman Sultan.source
  • 1481At Târgoviște, Basarab Țepeluș cel Tânăr replaces his successor, Vlad Călugărul as the voivode (prince) of Wallachia (now part of Romania)source
  • 1491An auto-da-fé held in Brasero de la Dehesa (outside Ávila) concludes the case of the Holy Child of La Guardia, with the execution of several Jewish and converso suspects.source
  • 1500Emperor Go-Kashiwabara accedes to the throne of Meiō era Japan.source
  • 1532Francisco Pizarro and his men capture Inca emperor Atahualpa at Cajamarca, ambushing and slaughtering a large number of his followers, without loss to themselves. He subsequently offers a ransom of approximately $50 million in gold.source
  • 1538Mary of Guise makes her royal entry to Edinburgh on St Margaret's Day.source
  • 1543Suleiman, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, completes his campaign to bring Hungary under Ottoman rule, having captured Esztergom, Székesfehérvár, Siklós and Szegedsource
  • 1553A delegation from the English Parliament formally asks the new queen, Mary I, to choose an English husband rather than to marry Spain's Prince Philip, and suggests Edward Courtenay, 1st Earl of Devon. Queen Mary's choice to marry Philip, in the interests of protecting England from an invasion, will ultimately lead to Wyatt's rebellion.source
  • 1571Michele Bonelli is sent as the legate a latere by Pope Pius V to work directly with King Charles IX of France. From June 18 until his new assignment, Bonelli had been the legate to the King of Spain and the King of Portugal.source
  • 1616The Tepehuán Revolt begins in Nueva Vizcaya with the attack of a Spanish wagon train that is on its way to Mexico City. It tests the limits of Spanish and Jesuit colonialism, in western and northwestern Durango and southern Chihuahua, Mexico.source
  • 1616Marco Antonio de Dominis, Roman Catholic Archbishop of the See of Spalato and Primate of Dalmatia, having run afoul of Pope Paul V over secular matters relating to Venice, submits to King James I of England and later becomes Dean of Windsor.source
  • 1618The first Danish voyage to India departs from Copenhagen under the command of Ove Giedde.source
  • 1619William Parker School, Hastings, England, is founded by the will of Reverend William Parker.source
  • 1646Following up on the abolition of the episcopacy, Parliament passes an act to sell the bishops' lands across the Commonwealth.source
  • 1653The Krishnanattam, a series of eight dance dramas written by Mana Veda, Zamorin of Calicut in India to tell the epic of the Hindu god Krishna, is completed.source
  • 1676A prison is founded on Nantucket Island, in the English colony of Massachusetts.source
  • 1677French troops occupy Freiburg.source
  • 1688exiled Irish Catholic widow "Goody" Ann Glover becomes the last person hanged in Boston, Massachusetts, as a witch.source
  • 1698A congress begins in Sremski Karlovci to discuss a treaty between the Ottoman Empire and the Holy League.source
  • 1705An annular solar eclipse is visible in the southern Atlantic Ocean.source
  • 1719Oratorian College, Mechelen, celebrates a former student, Henricus van Gaemeren, graduating from Leuven University as first in his year.source
  • 1720Pirate John Rackham (captured on October 22) is brought to trial at Spanish Town in Jamaica; he is hanged at Port Royal two days later. Most of his crew is also hanged but female pirates Mary Read and Anne Bonny are spared.source
  • 1720Pirate captain John Rackham (captured on 22 October) is brought to trial at Spanish Town in Jamaica; he is hanged at Port Royal two days later. Most of his crew is also hanged but female pirates Mary Read and Anne Bonny are spared.source
  • 1724Highwayman Jack Sheppard is hanged in London.source
  • 1724Thief Jack Sheppard is hanged in London. (His partner-in-crime, highwayman Joseph Blake, alias "Blueskin", was similarly executed five days earlier.)source
  • 1756Thomas Pelham-Holles, the Duke of Newcastle, is forced to resign as Prime Minister of Great Britain after the British lose the Battle of Minorca to the French. The office of Prime Minister remains vacant for eight months with William Pitt and the Duke of Devonshire leading the cabinet.source
  • 1756Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, resigns as Prime Minister after British failure in the Battle of Minorca. He is succeeded by the Pitt–Devonshire ministry formed by William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire, and William Pitt.source
  • 1769Henry Bayley succeeds to the barony of Beaudesert and takes the surname Paget.source
  • 1771During the night the River Tyne in the north of England floods, destroying many bridges and killing several people; the replacement main bridge at Newcastle upon Tyne will not be completed until 1781.source
  • 1771Several rivers flood in northern England, destroying many bridges and killing several people.source
  • 1771During the night, Solway Moss, on the Cumberland border, bursts, flooding local farms and settlements.source
  • 1776American Revolutionary War: Battle of Fort Washington – Hessian forces under Lieutenant General Wilhelm von Knyphausen capture Fort Washington (Manhattan) from the American Continental Army.source
  • 1794Administrative reorganisation adopted, introducing arrondissements, civil marriage, free trade with France; abolishing monopolies and noble titles.source
  • 1794The Kościuszko Uprising ends in the defeat of Tadeusz Kościuszko and his forces.source
  • 1797(or November 23?) – British Royal Navy frigate HMS Tribune is wrecked on the approaches to Halifax, Nova Scotia; of the 240 on board, all but 12 are lost.source
  • 179716 November (or 23 November?) – Royal Navy frigate HMS Tribune is wrecked on the approaches to Halifax, Nova Scotia; of the 240 on board, all but 12 are lost.source
  • 1797The Prussian heir apparent, Frederick William, becomes King of Prussia as Fredrick William III.source
  • 1801The first edition of the New-York Evening Post is printed.source
  • 1801The first edition of New York Evening Post is printed.source
  • 1802The newly elected British Parliament is inaugurated by King George III, who tells the members, "In my intercourse with foreign powers, I have been actuated by a sincere disposition of the maintenance of peace," but adds that "My conduct will be invariably regulated by a due consideration of the actual situation of Europe, and by a watchful solicitude for the permanent welfare of my people."source
  • 1805Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Schöngrabern – Russian forces, under Pyotr Bagration, delay the pursuit by French troops under Joachim Murat.source
  • 1812November 15–18 – Napoleonic Wars – Battle of Krasnoi: Napoleon's retreating army is again defeated in a series of skirmishes.source
  • 1813The British announce a blockade of Long Island Sound, leaving only the New England coasts open to shipping.source
  • 1818The Saint Louis Academy, which later becomes Saint Louis University, is founded by Reverend Louis William Valentine Dubourg in the United States.source
  • 1821American Old West: The Santa Fe Trail is first used by William Becknell.source
  • 1821American Old West: The Santa Fe Trail is used for the first time by a White American, William Becknell.source
  • 1835Halley's Comet reaches perihelion, its closest approach to the Sun.source
  • 1838The ship Bengalee arrived at Port Misery (South Australia) with a group of Prussian immigrants, the first in a large wave of 19th-century German immigration to Australia.source
  • 1838Austria: Moravia opens the final section of Emperor Ferdinand Northern Railway (Rajhrad–Brno) for exhibition (preliminary) use.source
  • 1849A Russian court sentences Fyodor Dostoyevsky to death for anti-government activities linked to a radical intellectual group, the Petrashevsky Circle. Facing a firing squad on December 23, the group members are reprieved at the last moment, and exiled to the katorga prison camps in Siberia.source
  • 1849Fyodor Dostoevsky (a member of the Petrashevsky Circle) was sentenced to death, a decision that was later reversedsource
  • 1857Indian Rebellion of 1857: British troops win 24 Victoria Crosses in action this day.source
  • 1857the 93rd (Sutherland Highlanders) Regiment of Foot wins six Victoria Crosses in the storming of Sikandar Bagh during the second relief of Lucknow in the Indian Rebellion of 1857.source
  • 1858The 2,400,000th day of the Epoch of the Julian day is reached.source
  • 1860Execution of Jan Coucke and Pieter Goethals.source
  • 1869Charles Wilhelm Thesen arrives in Cape Town. After bad weather delays his onward journey, he decides to stay in South Africa.source
  • 1870The Spanish Cortes Generales proclaims Amadeo de Saboya as King Amadeo I of Spain.source
  • 1872London Metropolitan Police strike.source
  • 1872The first ever Metropolitan Police strike in London.source
  • 1874Premiere of Alfred Cellier's comic opera The Sultan of Mocha at the Prince's Theatre, Manchester.source
  • 1875Battle of Gundat: Ethiopian Emperor Yohannes IV defeats another Egyptian army.source
  • 1882The British Royal Navy's HMS Flirt destroys Abari village in Niger.source
  • 1882The new Fishguard Lifeboat Station boat Sir Edward Perrott is launched 5 times and rescues 46 lives from 15 different vessels.source
  • 1885November 14–28 – Serbo-Bulgarian War: Serbia declares war against Bulgaria, but is defeated in the Battle of Slivnitsa on November 17–19.source
  • 1888First signs of famine in Ethiopia, caused by drought combined with early spread of the 1890s African rinderpest epizootic.source
  • 189127 February 1892 – Buffalo Bill's Wild West show is resident at the former East End Exhibition Buildings in Glasgow.source
  • 1893Athletic club Královské Vinohrady, later Sparta Prague, is founded.source
  • 1894An earthquake hits Calabria and the towns Reggio Calabria and Messina in Sicily.source
  • 1897Salomon v A Salomon & Co Ltd, a landmark case in United Kingdom company law, is decided in the House of Lords: creditors of an insolvent company cannot not sue the company's shareholders individually to pay up outstanding debts.source
  • 1901A 6.9 magnitude earthquake occurs in Cheviotsource
  • 1902A newspaper cartoon depicting U.S. President "Teddy" Roosevelt refusing to shoot a bear cub inspires creation of the first teddy bear by Morris Michtom in New York City.source
  • 1904The settlement at Grytviken, on the British South Atlantic island territory of South Georgia, is established by Norwegian sea captain Carl Anton Larsen, as a whaling station for his Compañía Argentina de Pesca.source
  • 1904English engineer John Ambrose Fleming patents the first thermionic vacuum tube, the two-electrode diode ("oscillation valve" or Fleming valve).source
  • 1907President Theodore Roosevelt proclaims that Oklahoma has become the 46th U.S. state.source
  • 1907Passenger liner RMS Mauretania sets out on her maiden voyage from Liverpool to New York.source
  • 1907British Cunard Line passenger liner RMS Mauretania, the world's largest and fastest at this date, sets out on her maiden voyage from Liverpool to New York.source
  • 1907Passenger liner RMS Mauretania, the world's largest and fastest at this date, sets out on her maiden voyage from Liverpool (England) to New York.source
  • 1908Devastating flooding in Port Elizabethsource
  • 1914A year after being created by passage of the Federal Reserve Act of 1913, the Federal Reserve Bank of the United States officially opens for business.source
  • 1917Georges Clemenceau becomes prime minister of France.source
  • 1917WWI: Battle of Ayun Kara: The ANZAC Mounted Division occupies Jaffa.source
  • 1918The Hungarian Democratic Republic is declared, marking Hungary's independence from Austria.source
  • 1919After Entente pressure, Romanian forces withdraw from Budapest and allow Admiral Horthy to march in.source
  • 1920Queensland and Northern Territory Aviation Services (Qantas) is founded by Hudson Fysh and Paul McGinness.source
  • 1920The Queensland and Northern Territory Aerial Service, later known as Qantas, is founded in Winton.source
  • 1925Carmaker Vauxhall Motors of Luton is purchased by American giant General Motors for $2.5 million.source
  • 1928November 9 – 16 – Radclyffe Hall's novel The Well of Loneliness (published on 27 July by Jonathan Cape in London, England) is tried and convicted on the grounds of obscenity due to its theme of lesbian love, following a newspaper campaign.source
  • 1931November 4–18 - Jiangqiao Campaignsource
  • 1932a colliery explosion at Cardowan kills 11 miners.source
  • 1932New York City's Palace Theatre fully converts to a cinema, which is considered the final death knell of vaudeville as a popular entertainment in the United States.source
  • 1933The United States and the Soviet Union establish formal diplomatic relations.source
  • 1933American aviator Jimmie Angel becomes the first foreigner to see the Angel Falls in Venezuela (they are named after him).source
  • 1938LSD is first synthesized by Albert Hofmann from ergotamine, at the Sandoz Laboratories in Basel.source
  • 1939Al Capone is released from Terminal Island, due to deteriorating health caused by syphilis.source
  • 1940An unexploded pipe bomb is found in the Consolidated Edison office building (only in 1957 later is the culprit, former employee George Metesky, apprehended).source
  • 1940The Jamaica Association of Local Government Officers is founded.source
  • 1943After flying from Britain, 160 American bombers strike a hydro-electric power facility and heavy water factory in German-controlled Vemork, Norway.source
  • 1943160 American bombers strike a hydro-electric power facility and heavy water factory in Vemork, Norway.source
  • 1943A Japanese submarine sinks the surfaced U.S. submarine USS Corvina, near Chuuk Lagoon (Truk).source
  • 1944First issue of the Rico Tipo comic booksource
  • 1944The Jussi Awards, the Finnish film award ceremony, is held for the first time at Restaurant Adlon in Helsinki.source
  • 1945Charles de Gaulle is unanimously elected president of France by the provisional government.source
  • 1945The United States controversially imports 88 German scientists to help in the production of rocket technology.source
  • 1945The foundation of UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is agreed at a meeting in London.source
  • 1947Great Britain begins withdrawing its troops from Palestine.source
  • 1947In Brussels, 15,000 people demonstrate against the relatively short prison sentences of Belgian Nazi criminals.source
  • 1948Operation Magic Carpet to transport Jews from Yemen to Israel begins.source
  • 1948The University of the Andes (Universidad de los Andes) is founded in Bogotá, Colombia.source
  • 1949Several members of the Nation Party were arrested on a fake assassination charge (It was claimed that they were planning to assassinate İsmet İnönü and Celal Bayar, but several days later they were released)source
  • 1957Adnan Menderes of the Democrat Party forms the new government of Turkey (23rd government, last government formed by DP and Menderes).source
  • 1963Santos FC becomes the first Brazilian club to win a second Intercontinental Cup (football).source
  • 1965Venera program: The Soviet Union launches the Venera 3 space probe from Baikonur, Kazakhstan toward Venus (on March 1, 1966, it becomes the first spacecraft to reach the surface of another planet).source
  • 1970The Lockheed L-1011 TriStar flies for the first time.source
  • 1972The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization adopts the Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage.source
  • 1973November 14–17: Athens Polytechnic uprising against the military junta governing the country. The uprising ended in a bloodshed after the intervention of the military.source
  • 1973U.S. President Richard Nixon signs the Trans-Alaska Pipeline Authorization Act into law, authorizing the construction of the Alaska Pipeline.source
  • 1973Skylab program: NASA launches Skylab 4 (Gerald Carr, William Pogue, Edward Gibson) from Cape Canaveral, Florida, on an 84-day mission.source
  • 1974Arecibo message: The radio telescope at the Arecibo Observatory on Puerto Rico sends an interstellar radio message towards Messier 13, the Great Globular Cluster in Hercules. The message will reach its destination around the year 27,000.source
  • 1975Beginning of the Third Cod War between UK and Iceland, which lasts until June 1976.source
  • 1979Rachel Yanait Ben-Zvi (born 1886), Russian (Ukraine)-born Israeli author, educator, and a leading Labor Zionist.source
  • 1979Bucharest Metro Line One is opened, in Bucharest, Romania (from Timpuri Noi to Semanatoarea stations, 8.63 km).source
  • 1983English football fans riot in Luxembourg City, leading to fifty arrests, after a match against Luxembourg.source
  • 1986Señorita Colombia 1986 is held.source
  • 1987The Parlatino Treaty of Institutionalization is signed.source
  • 1988In the first open election in more than a decade, voters in Pakistan choose populist candidate Benazir Bhutto to be Prime Minister. Elections are held as planned despite head of state Zia-ul-Haq's death earlier in August.source
  • 1988Singing Revolution: The Supreme Soviet of the Estonian SSR adopts the Estonian Sovereignty Declaration in which the laws of the Estonian SSR are declared supreme over those of the Soviet Union. The USSR declares it unconstitutional on November 26. It is the first declaration of sovereignty from the Soviet Union of any Soviet or Eastern Bloc entity.source
  • 1989The first American cosmetics shop in the Soviet Union, an Estée Lauder outlet, opens in Moscow.source
  • 1990Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao is officially founded.source
  • 199020th Century Fox releases Home Alone and Walt Disney Pictures releases the 29th animated film, The Rescuers Down Under.source
  • 1995A United Nations tribunal charges Radovan Karadžić and Ratko Mladić with genocide during the Bosnian War.source
  • 1995Former President Roh Tae-woo was arrested on charges of corruption, illegal financing.source
  • 2001The construction of the A13 road, between Bettembourg and Schengen, is authorised.source
  • 20022002–2004 SARS outbreak: The first case of the Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic, a zoonosis caused by a coronavirus, is recorded in Guangdong province of south China.source
  • 2004November 14–26 – Typhoon Muifa kills 600 people in the Philippines.source
  • 2006Riots begin in Nuku'alofa after a crowd of democracy advocates protested against the lack of government action.source
  • 2007United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon holds talks with Lebanese political leaders, trying to break an impasse over the election of the next President.source
  • 2007Paulo Wanchope, one of the country's most successful footballers ever, announced his retirement from the game.source
  • 2007Up to 15,000 people are believed to have been killed after Cyclone Sidr hits Bangladesh.source
  • 20082008 Sulawesi earthquake.source
  • 2010An anti-tank mine explodes under a truck in Battambang province killing all 14 people aboard.source
  • 2012November 14–21 – Israel launches Operation Pillar of Defense against the Palestinian-governed Gaza Strip, killing Hamas military chief Ahmed Jabari. In the following week 140 Palestinians and five Israelis are killed in an ensuing cycle of violence. A ceasefire between Israel and Hamas is announced by Egyptian Foreign Minister Mohamed Kamel Amr and US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton after the week-long escalation in hostilities in Southern Israel and the Gaza Strip.source
  • 2015The world's second-largest diamond of gem quality, Lesedi La Rona, is found in the Karowe mine located north of Gaborone by the Lucara Diamond Corp.source
  • 2020Hurricane Iota makes landfall in Nicaragua as a Category 4 hurricane just two weeks after Hurricane Eta made landfall, devastating the same areas.source
  • 2021Russia draws international condemnation following an anti-satellite weapon test that creates a cloud of space debris, threatening the International Space Station.source
  • 2022November 6–November 18 – The 2022 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP27) on climate change mitigation takes place in Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt.source
  • 2022NASA launches Artemis 1, the first uncrewed mission of its Space Launch System, the most powerful rocket ever to reach orbit. The onboard Orion capsule orbits the Moon before returning to Earth, as a demonstration of planned human missions.source
  • 2024November 11–22 – COP29 is held in Baku, Azerbaijan.source
  • 2025November 10–21 – The COP30 summit is held in Belém, Brazil, focusing on the role of the Amazon rainforest in climate action.source

Births

  • 42 BCETiberius, Roman emperor (died 37 AD)source
  • 1313Ibn al-Khatib, Arab polymath and writer (died 1374)source
  • 1436Leonardo Loredan, Doge of Venice (died 1521)source
  • 1457Beatrice of Naples, Hungarian queen (died 1508)source
  • 1466Francesco Cattani da Diacceto, Florentine philosopher (died 1522)source
  • 1483Elisabeth of the Palatinate, Landgravine of Hesse, German noble (died 1522)source
  • 1528Jeanne d'Albret, Queen of Navarre (died 1572)source
  • 1531Anna d'Este, duchess consort of Nemours (died 1607)source
  • 1538Saint Turibius of Mongrovejo, Spanish Grand Inquisitor, missionary Archbishop of Lima (died 1606)source
  • 1540Princess Cecilia of Sweden (died 1627)source
  • 1579Federico Baldissera Bartolomeo Cornaro, Italian Catholic cardinal (died 1653)source
  • 1603Augustyn Kordecki, Polish prior of the Jasna Góra Monastery (died 1673)source
  • 1630Edvard Edvardsen, educator and historian (died 1695).source
  • 1642Cornelis Evertsen the Youngest, Dutch admiral (died 1706)source
  • 1643Jean Chardin, French jeweller, traveller (died 1713)source
  • 1648Charles Duncombe, English banker and politician (died 1711)source
  • 1684Allen Bathurst, 1st Earl Bathurst, English noble (died 1775)source
  • 1717Jean le Rond d'Alembert, French mathematician and encyclopædist (died 1783)source
  • 1720Carlo Antonio Campioni, French-born composer (died 1788)source
  • 1733Siraj ud-Daulah, the last independent ruler of Bengal of undivided India (died 1757)source
  • 1807Eduard von Fransecky, Prussian general (died 1890)source
  • 1807Jónas Hallgrímsson, poet, writer and naturalist.source
  • 1896Oswald Mosley, leader of the British Union of Fascists (died 1980)source
  • 1904Nnamdi Azikiwe, 1st President of Nigeria (died 1996)source
  • 1952Shigeru Miyamoto, Japanese game designersource

Deaths

  • 897Gu Yanhui, Chinese warlordsource
  • 987Shen Lun, Chinese scholar-officialsource
  • 1005Ælfric of Abingdon, archbishop of Canterburysource
  • 1079Cao, empress of the Song dynasty (born 1016)source
  • 1093Margaret, queen consort of Scotland (born 1045)source
  • 1109Ingulf, Norman Benedictine abbotsource
  • 1131Dobrodeia of Kiev, Byzantine princesssource
  • 1140Wulgrin II, count of Angoulêmesource
  • 1200Hugh of Avalon, French monk and bishopsource
  • 1240Ibn Arabi, Andalusian philosopher and poet (born 1165)source
  • 1240Edmund of Abingdon, English archbishop (born 1174)source
  • 1253Agnes of Assisi, Italian abbess and saintsource
  • 1264Lizong (or Zhao Yun), Chinese emperor (born 1205)source
  • 1272King Henry III of England dies at the Palace of Westminster after a 56-year reign. He is succeeded by his son Edward I, who slowly returns from the Holy Land via Gascony.source
  • 1272Henry III, king of England (born 1207)source
  • 1305Albertino Morosini, Venetian nobleman and governorsource
  • 1322Nasr of Granada, Nasrid prince and ruler (born 1287)source
  • 1323Frederick the Brave, German nobleman (born 1257)source
  • 1328Prince Hisaaki, Japanese shōgun (born 1276)source
  • 1464John, Margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach (born 1406)source
  • 1491Holy Child of La Guardia, Spanish folk saint (born n/a)source
  • 1494Theda Ukena, countess regent of East Frisia (born 1432)source
  • 1585Gerald FitzGerald, 11th Earl of Kildare, dies in exile in London and is succeeded by his son Henry FitzGerald.source
  • 1625Sofonisba Anguissola, Italian painter (born c. 1532)source
  • 1632November 16 (November 6 Old Style) – Thirty Years' War: Battle of Lützen in Saxony – Swedish king Gustavus Adolphus leads an assault on Wallenstein's army, but is killed early in the battle, despite which the Swedish commanders manage to rally the army and eventually defeat Wallenstein, who withdraws from Saxony. Following the death of Gustavus Adolphus, he is succeeded as ruler of Sweden by his six-year-old daughter Christina, while five regents (headed by Axel Oxenstierna) govern the country. On November 17, Gottfried zu Pappenheim, Field Marshal of the Holy Roman Empire, dies from wounds sustained in the battle.source
  • 1638Edward Cecil, 1st Viscount Wimbledon, English noble (born 1572)source
  • 1683Margareta Huitfeldt, landowner and donor (born 1608)source
  • 1706Cornelis Evertsen the Youngest, Dutch admiral (born 1642)source
  • 1724Jack Sheppard, British criminal (executed) (born 1702)source
  • 1724Willem Mons, lover of Catherine I of Russia, is executed, and his head preserved in alcohol.source
  • 1724Jack Sheppard, criminal (executed) (born 1702)source
  • 1745James Butler, 2nd Duke of Ormonde, exiled Irish statesman and soldier (born 1665)source
  • 1775Marian Paradeiser was an Austrian composer. (born 1747)source
  • 1779Pehr Kalm, Finnish explorer and naturalist (born 1716)source
  • 1797King Frederick William II of Prussia (born 1744)source
  • 1802André Michaux, French botanist (born 1746)source
  • 1831Carl von Clausewitz, German military strategist (born 1780)source
  • 1885Louis Riel, Canadian-American leader (executed) (born 1844)source
  • 1885Louis Riel, Canadian rebel leader of the Métis, is executed for high treason.source
  • 1927Adolph Joffe, diplomat, committed suicide (born 1883)source
  • 1960Clark Gable, American actor (born 1901)source
  • 1989Six Jesuit priests are murdered by U.S. trained Salvadoran soldiers.source
  • 2006Milton Friedman, 94, American monetarist and free-market economist, winner of the 1976 Nobel Prize, heart failure.source