/year

January 26 in history

225 sourced entries recorded on January 26, from 183 CE to 2024 CE. Every line is quoted from the revision it came from.

Events

  • 536Senka succeeds his brother Ankan as the 28th emperor of Japan.source
  • 624(29 Rajab 2 AH) The Raid on Nakhla, the first successful raid the Muslims of Medina, against the Quraysh tribe in Mecca, is carried out by Abd Allah ibn Jahsh, who leads the plunder of a caravan of supplies.source
  • 661Assassination of Ali: Ali ibn Abi Talib, first Shia imam and fourth caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate, is struck on the head with a poisoned sword by the Khawarij Abd-al-Rahman ibn Muljam, while at prayer at a shrine at Kufa (modern-day), dying two days later. His son, Hasan ibn Ali, is chosen by Muslims to succeed him as the next leader. According to the Umayyads, he is succeeded by Muawiyah I as Caliph, age 59, who moves his seat of government to Damascus, and founds the Umayyad Caliphate, ending the Rashidun Caliphate.source
  • 1302At the suggestion of France, and pursuant to the treaty signed between England and France at Asnières, King Edward I of England ("Edward Longshanks") and the Scottish nobles led by Robert the Bruce agree to a nine-month peace treaty at Linlithgow, to last until St. Andrew's Day, November 30, 1302.source
  • 1310James II of Aragon ends the siege of Almeria after five months without taking the city.source
  • 1318Sir Gilbert Middleton, an English knight who had rebelled against King Edward II and kidnapped the Bishop of Durham on September 1, is convicted of treason and then executed by being hanged, drawn and quartered.source
  • 1340King Edward III of England declares himself King of France at Ghent, Flanders.source
  • 1347Charles University in Prague is founded by a bull issued by Pope Clement VI, at the request of Charles I, King of Bohemia.source
  • 1381Japan's Kōwa era begins.source
  • 1384England and France agree to a truce and ceasefire in the ongoing Revolt of Ghent. The Kingdom of Scotland goes to war to retake Scottish territory occupied by the English Army.source
  • 1453As the Ottoman Empire is increasing its number of troops in Byzantium, mercenary troops from the Republic of Genoa, commanded by Giovanni Giustiniani, arrive in Constantinople to join with Venetian troops already present.source
  • 1500Spanish navigator Vicente Yáñez Pinzón reaches the northern coast of Brazil.source
  • 1522Spanish conquistador Gil González Dávila sets out from the gulf of Panama to explore the Pacific coast of Central America. He explores Nicaragua and names Costa Rica when he finds copious quantities of gold in Pacific beaches.source
  • 1526The deadline for Spanish Muslims to convert to Christianity or leave is reached in the Crown of Aragon and the Principality of Catalonia as decreed by the edict of November 25 by Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor acting in his capacity as King of Spain. The deadline for the Kingdom of Valencia had passed on December 31, 1525.source
  • 1528The Canton of Bern becomes the second in Switzerland to officially adopt Protestantism after 21-day debate, the Bern Disputationsource
  • 1531The Lisbon earthquake and subsequent tsunami resulted in approximately 30,000 deaths.source
  • 1533Thomas Audley, 1st Baron Audley of Walden, is appointed Lord Chancellor of England.source
  • 1564Livonian War – Battle of Ula: A Lithuanian surprise attack results in a decisive defeat of the numerically superior Russian forces.source
  • 1565The Battle of Talikota is fought; destruction of Vijayanagar.source
  • 1569The deposition of Eric XIV in favor of John III is formally confirmed by the royal council.source
  • 1589Job of Moscow is elected as the first Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia.source
  • 1593The Conseil of the Catholic League convenes the Estates General in Paris to receive the decisions of the Council of Trent and to consider the election of a Catholic sovereign, even if it means calling into question the Salic law. Isabella Clara Eugenia, Sovereign of the Habsburg Netherlands, Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy, Charles III, Duke of Lorraine, and two Catholic Bourbons are candidates. However, Henry IV of France takes the court of deputies by surprise in announcing his intention to return to the Catholic faith on May 17.source
  • 1598After receiving no support from the Russian nobles, the Tsaritsa Irina Godunova abandons her brief rule as autocrat of Russia, and abdicates in favor of her older brother, Boris Godunov.source
  • 1602Maximilien de Béthune, Duke of Sully becomes the governor of the Bastille.source
  • 1611Maximilien de Béthune, Duke of Sully is forced by Queen regent Marie's Regency Council to resign as chief minister of France. He is replaced by Nicolas de Neufville, seigneur de Villeroy.source
  • 1620Karan Singh II becomes the new ruler of the Kingdom of Mewar (in the modern-day state of Rajasthan in India) upon the death of his father, the Maharana Amar Singh I.source
  • 1627The Dutch ship t Gulden Zeepaert, skippered by François Thijssen, makes the first recorded European sighting of the coast of South Australia.source
  • 1639King Charles I raises (with difficulty) an army and begins to march north to fight the Scottish Covenanters in the First Bishops' War, opening the Wars of the Three Kingdoms.source
  • 1644First English Civil War: Battle of Nantwich – The Parliamentarians defeat the Royalists, allowing them to end the 6-week siege of the Cheshire town.source
  • 1648The Khmelnytsky Uprising in Ukraine, at the time part of the Republic of Both Nations (Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth), begins as Bohdan Khmelnytsky becomes Hetman of the Cossacks.source
  • 1654Portugal recaptures the South American city of Recife from the Netherlands after a siege of more than two years during the Dutch-Portuguese War, bringing an end to Dutch rule of what is now Brazil. The Dutch West India Company has held the city (which they call Mauritsstad) for more than 23 years.source
  • 1684Marcantonio Giustinian is elected Doge of Venice.source
  • 1699The Republic of Venice, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and Holy Roman Empire sign the Treaty of Karlowitz with the Ottoman Empire, marking an end to the major phase of the Ottoman–Habsburg wars. The treaty marks a major geopolitical shift, as the Ottoman Empire subsequently abandons its expansionism and adopts a defensive posture while the Habsburg monarchy expands its influence.source
  • 1699June 14 – the Parliament of Ireland meets and enacts legislation to levy duties on exported woolens; to encourage the construction of parsonages; to oblige landowners to plant and conserve trees; and to prevent Roman Catholics from becoming solicitors.source
  • 1700At approximately 9 p.m., the Cascadia earthquake occurs in the Pacific Northwest, with an estimated moment magnitude of 8.7–9.2. This megathrust earthquake ruptures about 1,000 km of the Cascadia Subduction Zone and causes a tsunami that strikes the coast of Japan approximately 10 hours later.source
  • 1700The Mw 8.7–9.2 Cascadia earthquake takes place off the west coast of North America, as evidenced by Japanese tsunami records.source
  • 1704January 25–26 – Apalachee massacre: English colonists from the Province of Carolina, and their native allies, stage a series of brutal raids against a largely pacific population of Apalachee, in Spanish Florida.source
  • 1706War of Spanish Succession: The uprising by Bavarians against the occupation of the Electorate of Bavaria by Austrian troops ends after 75 days, and ends the plans of Maximilian II Emanuel, the Elector of Bavaria, to bring Bavaria under the rule of the House of Wittelsbach.source
  • 1706Great Northern War – Battle of Grodno: A coalition of 34,000 Swedish and Polish troops besieges the then-Lithuanian city in the winter time, and clashes with 41,000 Russian and Saxon troops. After almost three months of fighting that lasts to April 10, Sweden takes control of the city, which is now located in Belarus.source
  • 1712The Old Pummerin, a 18,161 kg bell newly installed in the Stephansdom, St. Stephen's Cathedral, in Vienna, is rung for the first time to mark the entry of Charles VI to Vienna from Frankfurt after his coronation as Emperor. It takes a quarter-hour for 16 men pulling on the bell rope to swing the heavy bell back-and-forth enough for the clapper to strike; the resulting forces endanger the tower so the architect orders that in future the bell be rung only by pulling its clapper.source
  • 1726The First Treaty of Vienna is signed between Austria, the Holy Roman Empire and Spain, creating the Austro-Spanish Alliance in advance of a war against Great Britain.source
  • 1731Kjøbenhavns Brandforsikring (Copenhagen Fire Insurance) is founded, speeding up the rebuilding of the city after the Copenhagen Fire of 1728 significantly since lending out money for construction projects becomes less risky.source
  • 1736Stanisław Leszczyński abdicates the throne of Poland, ending his second reign.source
  • 1763Herbert Lloyd, MP for Cardigan Boroughs, is created a baronet.source
  • 1770Jacob Benzon is appointed Steward of Norway.source
  • 1770Ballet was performed by Madame Stuart, possibly the first ballet ever performed in Oslo.source
  • 1788After Botany Bay was decided unsuitable for settlement, the First Fleet sails to Port Jackson and lands at Sydney Cove to establish a settlement (which becomes Sydney).source
  • 1788Eleven ships of the First Fleet from Botany Bay, led by Captain Arthur Phillip, land at Sydney Cove (which will become Sydney), Australia, where he determines to establish the British prison colony of New South Wales, the first permanent European settlement on the continent.source
  • 1788eleven ships of First Fleet from Botany Bay led by Arthur Phillip land in what would become Sydney, Australia. Britain establishes the prison colony of New South Wales, the first permanent European settlement on the continent.source
  • 1790Mozart's opera Così fan tutte premieres in Vienna.source
  • 1797The Treaty of the Third Partition of Poland is signed in St. Petersburg by the Russian Empire, Austria and the Kingdom of Prussia.source
  • 1797The Treaty of the Third Partition of Poland is signed in St. Petersburg by the Russian Empire, Austria and the Kingdom of Prussia.source
  • 1798The koala and lyrebird are observed by John Price on an expedition led by John Wilson.source
  • 1808Rum Rebellion: On the 20th anniversary of the foundation of the colony of New South Wales, disgruntled military officers of the New South Wales Corps (the "Rum Corps") overthrow and imprison Governor William Bligh and seize control of the colony.source
  • 1808John Macarthur is arrested sparking the Rum Rebellion. Military officers supporting Macarthur arrest Governor Bligh.source
  • 1811First Siege of Badajoz: French troops (17,000 men) under Marshal Jean-de-Dieu Soult begin the siege at the fortress of Badajoz.source
  • 1814Actor Edmund Kean makes his London debut in an adult leading role as Shylock at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane.source
  • 1821Congress of Laibach convenes to deal with outstanding international issues, particularly the outbreak of a revolution in southern Italy.source
  • 1835Saint Paul's in Macau is largely destroyed by fire after a typhoon hits.source
  • 1837Michigan becomes the 26th state admitted to the United States.source
  • 1838A surprise attack by mounted police attack on a Kamilaroi camp organised by the colonial government killing at least 40 people. Part of the Waterloo Creek massacre.source
  • 1841Britain occupies Hong Kong. Later in the year, the first census of the island records a population of about 7,500.source
  • 1844Governor Robert FitzRoy arrives in Wellington to investigate the Wairau Affray.source
  • 1848Justo Sierra (writer)source
  • 1849The Australasian Anti-Transportation League is formed during a public meeting at Launceston, Tasmania; later branches were formed in Adelaide, Melbourne, Sydney, and Canterbury (New Zealand).source
  • 1850The Irish Exile, a weekly newspaper, starts publishing in Hobart by Patrick O'Donoghue: aimed mainly at fellow Irish prisoners and deportees.source
  • 1855The Point No Point Treaty is signed in the Washington Territory.source
  • 1856First Battle of Seattle: Marines from the USS Decatur suppress an indigenous uprising, in response to Governor Stevens' declaration of a "war of extermination" on Native communities.source
  • 1866Volcanic eruption in the Santorini caldera begins.source
  • 1870Reconstruction Era (United States): Virginia rejoins the Union. This year it adopts a new Constitution, drawn up by John Curtiss Underwood, expanding suffrage to all male citizens over 21, including freedmen.source
  • 1870The first public utility, Denshin, is established. (Traditional Japanese Date: Twenty-fifth Day of the Twelfth Month, Meiji 2)source
  • 188426 January Ireland 0–5 Scotland (in Belfast)source
  • 1886The Hokkaidō Agency opens, with its main office in Sapporo and branch offices in Hakodate and Nemuro.source
  • 1887An Ethiopian force of about 15,000 men ambushed an Italian battalion sent to reinforce Saati and almost annihilated it at the Battle of Dogali, 10 mi west of Massawa. The Italian response was immediate. The Italian parliament voted 5,000,000 lire for troops to reinforce Massawa. An Italian force was sent to garrison the interior, while Emperor Yohannes IV withdrew his forces to avoid confrontation. Disease ravaged the Italian troops and they were pulled out in March 1887, ending the first phase of the war. The battle marks the start of the Italo-Ethiopian War of 1887–1889.source
  • 1899German inventor Karl Ferdinand Braun, who will later share the 1909 Nobel Prize in Physics with Guglielmo Marconi, receives a British patent for his wireless radio invention "Telegraphy without directly connected wire".source
  • 1905Elections are held in Hungary for the Országgyűlés, the Kingdom's parliament within Austria-Hungary. Voters overwhelmingly reject the Liberal Party, led by Prime Minister István Tisza, that has ruled Hungary since 1875. The Liberals lose 118 of their 277 seats, but Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria-Hungary ignores the results and keeps Tisza in power.source
  • 1905Russian Revolution of 1905: The Imperial Russian Army opens fire on demonstrators in Riga, Governorate of Livonia, killing 73 people and injuring 200.source
  • 1905The Cullinan Diamond, the largest diamond in the world at 3,106 carats, is discovered by Captain Frederick Wells at Cullinan.source
  • 1907The Short Magazine Lee–Enfield rifle is officially introduced into British military service.source
  • 1908the 1st Glasgow Scout Group is granted the oldest Scout Group registration known.source
  • 1911The United States and Canada announce the successful negotiation of their first reciprocal trade agreement.source
  • 1911Premiere of Richard Strauss's opera Der Rosenkavalier in Dresden.source
  • 1915The Rocky Mountain National Park is established by an act of the United States Congress.source
  • 1915WWI: The Ottoman Army begins the Raid on the Suez Canal.source
  • 1915The opening of Ruisui Station in Karenkō Prefecture.source
  • 1918An Irish steamship, the Cork, is torpedoed by a U-boat off Point Lynas in Anglesey. Twelve crew are killed.source
  • 1921The Abermule train collision claims 17 lives, including that of the chairman of the rail company, Lord Herbert Vane-Tempest.source
  • 1922Italian forces occupy Misrata, Libya; the reconquest of Libya begins.source
  • 1924January 20–30 – Kuomintang in China holds its first National Congress, initiating a policy of alliance with the Soviet Union and the Chinese Communist Party.source
  • 1924Petrograd in the Soviet Union is renamed Leningrad; it will revert to Saint Petersburg in 1991.source
  • 1924The future Emperor Shōwa marries Princess Kuninomiya Nagako.source
  • 1926Scottish inventor John Logie Baird demonstrates a mechanical television system at his London laboratory for members of the Royal Institution and a reporter from The Times.source
  • 1928The volcanic island Anak Krakatau appears.source
  • 1930The Indian National Congress declares this date as Independence Day, or as the day for Purna Swaraj (Complete Independence).source
  • 1932British submarine aircraft carrier HMS M2 sinks with the loss of all 60 onboard on exercise in Lyme Bay in the English Channel.source
  • 1932British submarine HMS M2 sinks off the Dorset coast with all sixty hands.source
  • 1934The Apollo Theater opens in Harlem, New York City.source
  • 1934February 10 — 17th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)source
  • 1939In Paris, French Foreign Minister Georges Bonnet, in response to rumours (which are true) that he is seeking to end the French alliance system in Eastern Europe, gives a speech highlighting his government's commitment to the cordon sanitaire.source
  • 1939Catalonia Offensive: Nationalist forces capture Barcelona.source
  • 1942First United States troops for the European Theatre of World War II arrive in the United Kingdom at Belfast.source
  • 1944WWII: Argentina gave in to the Allies' pressure, severing diplomatic relations with the Axis.source
  • 1945WWII: 19-year-old U.S. Army Staff Sergeant Audie Murphy sees action at Holtzwihr, France, for which is awarded the Medal of Honor.source
  • 1947A KLM Douglas DC-3 aircraft crashes soon after taking off from Kastrup Airport, Copenhagen, killing all 22 people on board, including Prince Gustaf Adolf, second in line to the Swedish throne, and American opera singer Grace Moore.source
  • 1948Teigin poison case: a man masquerading as a doctor poisons 12 of 16 bank employees of the Tokyo branch of Imperial Bank and takes the money; artist Sadamichi Hirasawa is later sentenced to death for the crime, but is never executed.source
  • 1949A fire breaks out at Hōryū-ji temple in Ikaruga, Nara Prefecture, destroying several murals.source
  • 1950India promulgates its constitution, forming a republic, and Rajendra Prasad is sworn in as its first president. The Kingdom of Mysore is merged into the new republic.source
  • 1952Black Saturday in Egypt: Rioters burn Cairo's central business district, targeting British and upper-class Egyptian businesses.source
  • 1954Moshe Sharett presents his cabinet for a Knesset "Vote of Confidence". The 5th Government is approved that day and the members were sworn in.source
  • 1956The Administrative Department of the Presidency of the Republic is formed.source
  • 1956January 25–26 – Finnish troops reoccupy Porkkala, after Soviet troops vacate its military base. Civilians can return February 4.source
  • 1956The 1956 Winter Olympics open in Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy.source
  • 1957The Ibirapuera Planetarium (the first in the Southern Hemisphere) is inaugurated in the city of São Paulo, Brazil.source
  • 1957The Ibirapuera Planetarium in São Paulo opens to the public. It is the first planetarium in the Southern Hemisphere.source
  • 1959The Central Bank of Malaya (Bank Negara Tanah Melayu) was founded.source
  • 1959Fröken Chic releasedsource
  • 1960First staging of Sam Thompson's play Over the Bridge, at the Empire Theatre, Belfast.source
  • 1962U.S. spacecraft Ranger 3 is launched to study the Moon; it later misses the Moon by 22,000 mi.source
  • 1963The Australia Day shootings rock Perth; 2 people are shot dead and 3 others injured by Eric Edgar Cooke.source
  • 19661966 Liberal Party of Australia leadership election: Harold Holt is elected leader of the Liberal Party of Australia unopposed when Sir Robert Menzies retires after an unprecedented 16 years in office; consequently Holt becomes Prime Minister of Australia six days later.source
  • 1966Disappearance of the Beaumont children: Three children disappear on their way to Glenelg, South Australia, never to be seen again. Their fate remains unknown.source
  • 1967The largest-ever blizzard to hit the US city of Chicago begins.source
  • 1970Necmettin Erbakan founds National Order Party.source
  • 1970After Leila Diniz's controversial interview to O Pasquim, the government signs Decree-Law Nº 1.077/1970, which censors material "subversive of morals and good customs"source
  • 1972The Aboriginal Tent Embassy is set up on the lawn of Parliament House in Canberra.source
  • 1972Yugoslavian air stewardess Vesna Vulović is the only survivor when her plane crashes in Czechoslovakia. She survives after falling 10,160 m in the tail section of the aircraft.source
  • 19751975 Thai general electionsource
  • 1978January 25–27 – The Great Blizzard of 1978 strikes the Ohio Valley and Great Lakes, killing 70.source
  • 1979Near Chuadanga, a train derails and overturns, killing at least 70 and injuring at least 300.source
  • 1982Mauno Koivisto is elected President of Finland.source
  • 19831983 Code of Canon Law: Pope John Paul II revises Roman Catholic canon law, the first such revision since 1917. Among the changes is a reduction in the number of offenses qualifying for automatic excommunication, from 37 to only seven.source
  • 1985The volcano Hekla erupts, causing significant ash fall and disrupting air traffic.source
  • 1988A re-enactment of the First Fleet arrives in Sydney Harbour to mark the bicentenary of the First Fleet arriving in Australia in 1788.source
  • 1988Upon request of Hubert Michon, archbishop of Rabat, two Trappist monks come to Fez and start a community that will later become the Priory of Our Lady of the Atlas.source
  • 1990January 25–26 – The Burns' Day Storm kills 97 in northwestern Europe.source
  • 1991President Siad Barre is overthrown, and Somalia enters a civil war. Three days later, Ali Mahdi Muhammad is inaugurated as the next president.source
  • 1991Somali Civil War started which would later turn into a war against Islamists.source
  • 1992In Mauritania, security forces open fire on violent extremist opponents of President of Mauritania Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya, allegedly killing at least four people.source
  • 1997VJTI changes its name from Victoria Jubilee Technical Institute to Veermata Jijabai Technological Institute in Mumbai.source
  • 2000The Southern All-Stars release "Tsunami," the best-selling CD single in Japanese history.source
  • 2001January 21–27 – Taba Summit: Peace talks between Israel and the Palestinian Authority aimed at reaching the "final status" of negotiations. Ehud Barak temporarily withdraws from negotiations during the Israeli elections, subsequently Ariel Sharon refuses to continue negotiating in the face of the newly erupted violence.source
  • 2001A 7.7 Mw Gujarat earthquake shakes Western India with a maximum Mercalli intensity of X (Extreme), leaving thousands of people dead and more than 166,000 others injured.source
  • 2005January 26–30: World Economic Forum in Davossource
  • 2006Saudi Arabia withdraws its ambassadors to Denmark, due to the Muhammad cartoons.source
  • 2008Bishop Wim Eijk of Groningen-Leeuwarden is installed as Archbishop of Utrecht.source
  • 2009The Icelandic government and banking system collapse. Prime Minister Geir Haarde immediately resigns.source
  • 2009An annular solar eclipse takes place over the Indian Ocean, the 50th solar eclipse of Saros cycle 131.source
  • 2009The first trial at the International Criminal Court opens. Former Union of Congolese Patriots leader Thomas Lubanga Dyilo is accused of training child soldiers to kill, pillage and rape.source
  • 2013Czech presidential election, 2013source
  • 2014The Tunisian Constitution of 2014 was adopted on 26 January 2014 by the Constituent Assembly.source
  • 2017Former interior minister, Ousman Sonko, is arrested in Geneva, Switzerland for human rights abuses.source
  • 2018January 26–27 – The second round of voting of the 2018 Czech presidential election is held and incumbent president Miloš Zeman is reelected.source
  • 2024Gaza war: The UN's International Court of Justice rules that Israel must take all measures to prevent genocidal acts in Gaza, but stops short of ordering an immediate halt to operations.source

Births

  • 183Lady Zhen, wife of the Cao Wei state Emperor Cao Pi (died 221)source
  • 1150Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, Persian polymath (died 1210)source
  • 1205Emperor Lizong of Song (or Zhao Yun), Chinese emperor (died 1264)source
  • 1412William IV, Lord of Egmont, IJsselstein, Schoonderwoerd and Haastrecht and Stadtholder of Guelders (died 1483)source
  • 1436Henry Beaufort, 3rd Duke of Somerset, Lancastrian military commander during the English Wars of the Roses (died 1464)source
  • 1467Guillaume Budé, French scholar (died 1540)source
  • 1493Min Bin, king of Arakan (died 1554)source
  • 1493Giovanni Poggio, Italian cardinal and diplomat (died 1556)source
  • 1495Emperor Go-Nara of Japan (died 1557)source
  • 1541Florent Chrestien, French writer (died 1596)source
  • 1541Florent Chrestien, writer (died 1596)source
  • 1551Robert Dormer, 1st Baron Dormer, English politician (died 1616)source
  • 1582Giovanni Lanfranco, Italian painter (died 1647)source
  • 1624George William, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (died 1705)source
  • 1682Benjamin Lay, English vegetarian, abolitionist, and activist (died 1759)source
  • 1716George Germain, 1st Viscount Sackville, British Army general (died 1785)source
  • 1761Jens Zetlitz, priest and poet (died 1821)source
  • 1763Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte, Marshal of France, King Charles XIV John of Sweden and Charles III John of Norway (died 1844)source
  • 1795Policarpa Salavarrieta, Colombian spy, revolutionary heroine working for the independence of Colombia (died 1817)source
  • 1800Johann Gerhard Oncken, German Baptist preacher (died 1884)source
  • 1813Juan Pablo Duarte, founder of the Dominican Republic (died 1876)source
  • 1831Heinrich Anton de Bary, German botanist, mycologist (died 1888)source
  • 1845Júlio César de Noronhasource
  • 1880Douglas MacArthur, American general (died 1964)source
  • 1918Nicolae Ceaușescu, Romanian communist politician and leader (died 1989)source
  • 1925Paul Newman, American actor, film director, entrepreneur and philanthropist (died 2008)source
  • 1944Angela Davis, African-American political activist, academic and authorsource
  • 1944Helle-Reet Helenurm, actress (died 2003)source
  • 1951Mohamed Orabi, former Foreign Minister of Egypt.source
  • 1961Wayne Gretzky, Canadian hockey playersource
  • 1963José Mourinho, Portuguese football managersource
  • 1998Bimal Gharti Magar, footballersource
  • 2010Duerra Mitilda – Actress, singer.source

Deaths

  • 724Yazid II, Muslim caliph (born 687)source
  • 724(24 Sha'ban 105 AH) Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik, becomes the new Caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate, which covers most of the Middle East, North Africa and Spain, after his brother Yazid II dies of tuberculosis following a 4-year reign. Hisham reigns for 19 years, during which he appoints Khalid al-Qasri as of Governor of Iraqsource
  • 738John of Dailam, Syrian monk (born 660)source
  • 910Luo Yin, Chinese statesman and poetsource
  • 946Eadgyth, queen consort of Germany (born 910)source
  • 1071Adelaide of Eilenburg, German noblewomansource
  • 1080Amadeus II, count of Savoy (born 1050)source
  • 1109Alberic of Cîteaux, French abbotsource
  • 1143Ali ibn Yusuf, ruler of the Almoravids (born 1084)source
  • 1186Ismat ad-Din Khatun, wife of Saladinsource
  • 1188Eysteinn Erlendsson, Norwegian archbishopsource
  • 1275Ulrich von Liechtenstein, German poet (born 1200)source
  • 1302Godfrey Giffard, English Lord Chancellor and bishopsource
  • 1390Adolph IX, Count of Holstein-Kiel (b.c 1327)source
  • 15311531 Lisbon earthquake: More than 30,000 people are killed in Portugal in an earthquake and subsequent tsunami.source
  • 1568Lady Catherine Grey, Countess of Hertford (born 1540)source
  • 1620Amar Singh I, ruler of Mewar (born 1559)source
  • 1622Khusrau Mirza, Mughal prince (born 1587)source
  • 1630Henry Briggs, English mathematician (born 1556)source
  • 1636Jean Hotman, Marquis de Villers-St-Paul, French diplomat (born 1552)source
  • 1721Pierre Daniel Huet, French churchman and scholar (born 1630)source
  • 1744Ludwig Andreas Graf Khevenhüller, Austrian field marshal (born 1683)source
  • 1747Willem van Mieris, Dutch painter (born 1662)source
  • 1747Willem van Mieris, painter (born 1662)source
  • 1761Charles Louis Auguste Fouquet, duc de Belle-Isle, French general and statesman (born 1684)source
  • 1786Hans Joachim von Zieten, Prussian field marshal (born 1699)source
  • 1814Manuel do Cenáculo, Portuguese prelate and antiquarian (born 1724)source
  • 1823Edward Jenner, English physician, medical researcher (born 1749)source
  • 1824Théodore Géricault, French painter (born 1791)source
  • 1832Alexander Cochrane, British admiral (born 1758)source
  • 1835Queen Maria II of Portugal marries Auguste de Beauharnais, 2nd Duke of Leuchtenberg, in Lisbon; he dies only two months later.source
  • 1855Gérard de Nerval, French writer (born 1808)source
  • 1885Mahdist War in Sudan: Troops loyal to Mahdi Muhammad Ahmad conquer Khartoum; British commander Charles George Gordon is killed.source
  • 1885Charles "Chinese" Gordon, British general (killed in battle) (born 1833)source
  • 1896James Edwin Campbell, American educator, school administrator, newspaper editor, poet, and essayist (born 1867)source
  • 1983Bear Bryant, 69, American college football player and coach, head coach of the Alabama Crimson Tide from 1958 until 1982, heart attacksource
  • 2016January 16 – 30 people are killed and 56 injured in terrorist attacks in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, targeting a hotel and a nearby restaurant. A siege occurs and 176 hostages are released afterwards, by government forces.source
  • 2020Kobe Bryant, 41, basketball player (Los Angeles Lakers), Olympic champion (2008, 2012) and Oscar winner (2018).source
  • 20202020 Calabasas helicopter crash: Nine people are killed in an accident in Calabasas, California, including retired basketball player Kobe Bryant and his daughter Gianna; cause later attributed to heavy fog.source