1293 CE

King Sancho IV of Castile creates a Studium General in Alcalá de Henares, forerunner to the modern Complutense University of Madrid. An earthquake in Kamakura, Japan kills an estimated 23,000. The forces of Raden Wijaya win a major victory in the Mongol invasion of Java, which is considered to be the founding date of the city of Surabaya.

In the 1290s, the 13th century.

Geopolitics & Diplomacy

  • The Japanese era Shōō ends, and the Einin era begins.source
  • The Isle of Wight is sold to King Edward I of England by Isabella de Forz, Countess of Devon, on her deathbed, for 6,000 marks.source
  • The Hindu Majapahit Empire is founded by Kertarajasa in Java. It benefits from internal conflict and Mongol intervention, to defeat the Singhasari Kingdom and establish the empire.source

Conflict & Security

  • May 31 – The forces of Raden Wijaya win a major victory in the Mongol invasion of Java, which is considered to be the founding date of the city of Surabaya.source

Exploration & Expansion

  • Kublai Khan sends a fleet to the islands of Southeast Asia, including Java.source

Religion & Belief

  • January – Ignatius bar Wahib becomes Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Mardin.source
  • Torkel Knutsson leads Sweden in beginning the Third Swedish Crusade, against unchristianized Finnish Karelia. In the same year, the construction of Vyborg Castle begins, by orders of Knutsson.source
  • The Ordinances of Justice are enacted in the Commune of Florence.source

Climate & Environment

  • May 26 – An earthquake in Kamakura, Japan kills an estimated 23,000.source

Culture & Society

  • May 20 – King Sancho IV of Castile creates a Studium General in Alcalá de Henares, forerunner to the modern Complutense University of Madrid.source
  • Dante Alighieri completes the book of verse La Vita Nuova.source

Births

  • October 12 – Margaret de Clare, English noblewoman (died 1342)source
  • c.1293–94 – John of Ruysbroeck, Brabantian mystic (died 1381)source
  • Felim McHugh O'Connor (Feidhlimid Ó Conchobair), Irish King of Connacht (died 1316)source

Deaths

  • May 2 – Meir of Rothenburg, German rabbi (born c.1215)source
  • June 29 – Henry of Ghent, philosopher (born c.1217)source
  • November 10 – Isabel de Forz, 8th Countess of Devon (born 1237)source
  • December 14 – Al-Ashraf Khalil, Mamluk sultan of Egypt (assassinated)source
  • December – Mamluk sultan of Egypt Khalil is assassinated by his regent Baydara, who briefly claims the sultanate, before being assassinated himself by a rival political faction.source
  • David VI Narin, King of Georgia (born 1225)source
  • Approximate date – William of Rubruck, Flemish Franciscan missionary (born c.1220)source