/year

November 10 in history

232 sourced entries recorded on November 10, from 461 CE to 2025 CE. Every line is quoted from the revision it came from.

Events

  • 937Li Bian usurps the throne and deposes Emperor Yang Pu. The Wu State is replaced and Li (called "Xu Zhigao") becomes the first emperor of Southern Tang, one of the Ten Kingdoms in southern China.source
  • 1038Li Yuanhao proclaims himself Emperor of the Western Xia, declaring independence from the Song dynasty in China.source
  • 1150Dryburgh Abbey located in the Scottish Borders is founded by Lord Hugh de Morville.source
  • 1202November 10–24 – Siege of Zara: The Crusaders under Boniface of Montferrat besiege and conquer Zara (modern-day Zadar) in Dalmatia. Despite letters from Innocent III forbidding such an action, and threatening excommunication. The leading citizens of Zara hang banners of crosses along the outer walls, professing their Catholic faith. Nevertheless, the Crusaders breach and sack the city, killing many.source
  • 1277Treaty of Aberconwy: Prince Llywelyn ap Gruffudd and King Edward I of England sign a peace treaty which leaves Llywelyn only with the western part of Gwynedd.source
  • 1308After the fall of the fortress of Siwana in India, Prince Sital Deva is ambushed while trying to flee to safety at Jalor. The soldiers decapitate Sital and present his head as a trophy to the Delhi Sultan, Alauddin.source
  • 1321Canonization of Thomas Aquinas: In Italy, a second inquiry begins at Fossanova, as three commissioners (Pandulpho de Sabbello; Petrus Ferri, Bishop of Anagni; and Andreas, Bishop of Terracina) take testimony from over 100 witnesses until November 27.source
  • 1324Pope John XXII issues the papal bull Quia quorundam, his third major statement concerning apostolic poverty and the Fraticelli, in response to a claim that an earlier bull by Pope Nicholas III had implied that Christ and the apostles had lived without possessions. In addition, Pope John restates the doctrine of Papal infallibility, declaring that "What the Roman pontiffs have once defined in faith and morals with the key of knowledge stands so immutably that it is not permitted to a successor to revoke it."source
  • 1330November 9–12 – Battle of Posada: The Wallachians, under Basarab I, defeat the Hungarians, though heavily outnumbered, thus making a firm statement towards the independence of Wallachia.source
  • 1378The first observation of Halley's Comet from Earth is made, based on an estimate from orbital calculations.source
  • 1436The treaty between the Republic of Venice and the Byzantine Empire is renewed for five years in a signing at Constantinople.source
  • 1441Alfonso V of Aragon lays siege to Naples.source
  • 1444Battle of Varna: The crusading forces of King Władysław III of Poland and Hungary are defeated by the Turks, under Sultan Murad II. Władysław is killed, ending the Jagiellonian Union of Hungary and Poland.source
  • 1459Parliament of Devils, held at Coventry, condemns Yorkists as traitors.source
  • 1492The Catholic Monarchs of Spain issue an Ordinance legalizing the return of Sephardi Jews who had been expelled in August and the terms for remaining. In both cases, all need a baptism as Christian converts in the Roman Catholic church.source
  • 1494Fra Luca Pacioli's Summa de arithmetica, geometria, proportioni et proportionalità is published in Venice, containing the first printed account of algebra in the vernacular, and the first published description of the double-entry accounting system.source
  • 1509Uriel von Gemmingen is assigned to secure others' opinions before continuing the Jewish book purge started on August 19th.source
  • 1512Pope Julius II proposes the conclusion of a comprehensive peace treaty between the emperor and the Venetians, that would resolve various political conflicts by favoring Maximilian's interests and suppressing the French influence in Italy.source
  • 1526In eastern Hungary, at Székesfehérvár, a group of lesser nobles proclaims John Zápolya as proclaimed as the King of Hungary. The assembly proclaims the Eastern Hungarian Kingdom, with a capital at Buda.source
  • 1543Thomas Butler is created 1st Baron of Caher in the Peerage of Ireland.source
  • 1545A truce is signed between the Holy Roman Empire and the Ottoman Empire following the Siege of Nice, as Emperor Charles V acknowledges the Ottoman conquests.source
  • 1546The European colonists defending the city of Diu in Portuguese India defeat the six-month siege that had been started by the Gujarat Sultanate on April 20. The Portuguese victory comes three days after the arrival of 3,000 troops and 38 ships.source
  • 1555In Brazil, a French expedition strong of three ships and 600 colonists and directed by Nicolas Durand de Villegaignon, lord of Torcy and vice-admiral of Brittany, settles in the bay of Rio de Janeiro, to constitute the starting point of a Protestant colony called "France Antarctique" (Antarctic France). Around Guanabara, where the colony settles, two tribes, the Tupinambás and the Margaïas fight each other continuously, submitting their respective prisoners to the worst abuse. The colony of Fort Coligny, built by Villegaignon and his nephew Legendre de Boissy on the Villegaignon island, will be destroyed by the Portuguese on 16 March 1560.source
  • 1556The English ship Edward Bonadventure, commanded by Richard Chancellor is wrecked on the coast of Scotland at Pitsligo, killing most of its crew, including Chancellor. The few survivors include the first Russian ambassador to England, Osip Nepeya.source
  • 1567Battle of Saint-Denis: Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency, with 16,000 Royalists, falls on Condé's 3,500 Huguenots. The Huguenots surprisingly hold on for some hours before being driven off. Montmorency is mortally wounded.source
  • 1567Battle of Saint-Denis: Anne de Montmorency, with 16,000 Royalists, falls on Condé's 3,500 Huguenots. The Huguenots surprisingly hold on for some hours before being driven off. Montmorency is mortally wounded.source
  • 1580Second Desmond Rebellion: The Siege of Smerwick (now Ard na Caithne in County Kerry, Ireland) ends after three days when their commander surrenders to the English. Members of a group of at least 400 freelance soldiers, and perhaps as many as 700, for the Papal States are summarily executed on orders of the English Lord Deputy of Ireland, Baron Grey de Wilton.source
  • 1597In the last major action during the war of the 3rd Spanish Armada, the galleon Bear of Amsterdam is captured as it approaches Falmouth, where an English squadron intercepts it and leads it into Dartmouth.source
  • 1598November 10 (11th waxing of Tazaungmon 960 ME) – In what is now the Rakhine State of Myanmar, King Min Razagyi of Arakan and the rebel leader Minye Thihathu begin their assault on Pegu, the remaining portion of the Toungoo Empire in southern Burma.source
  • 1599The Åbo Bloodbath takes place in Åbo (Turku), in modern-day Finland, which was part of Sweden at the time.source
  • 1619While stationed along the Danube river with Bavarian troops, René Descartes, according to his biographer Adrien Baillet, has a series of dreams giving him the idea of applying the mathematical method to philosophy.source
  • 1620the Parsons Baronetcy, of Bellamont in the County of Dublin, is created in the Baronetage of Ireland in favour of William Parsons, Surveyor General of Ireland.source
  • 1630Day of the Dupes: Marie de' Medici attempts to oust Cardinal Richelieu from the French Court, but fails after two days.source
  • 1657Christina, former Queen regnant of Sweden, has Gian Rinaldo Monaldeschi killed in her presence, at the Palace of Fontainebleau.source
  • 1674As provided in the Treaty of Westminster of February 19, the Dutch Republic cedes its colony of New Netherland to England. This includes the colonial capital, New Orange, which is returned to its English name of New York. The colonies of Surinam, Essequibo and Berbice remain in Dutch hands.source
  • 1674as provided in the Treaty of Westminster of 19 February, the Dutch Republic cedes its colony of New Netherland to England. This includes the colonial capital, New Orange, which is returned to its English name of New York.source
  • 1688Glorious Revolution: Wincanton Skirmish between forces loyal to James II led by Patrick Sarsfield and a party of Dutch troops.source
  • 1689Reformed Church in Copenhagen is consecrated.source
  • 1691A new dock is inaugurated at the Royal Naval Shipyard at Bremerholm.source
  • 1702Queen Anne's War in North America: The Siege of St. Augustine opens as English forces besiege St. Augustine, Spanish Florida.source
  • 1752Holmestrand received city rights.source
  • 1761Protestant "manifesto of intolerance" ("Black Petition") against Roman Catholics signed in Galway.source
  • 1766The last Colonial governor of New Jersey, William Franklin, signs the charter of Queen's College (later renamed Rutgers University).source
  • 1773Four ships – the Dartmouth, the Eleanor, the Beaver and the William – depart Britain for America, carrying the first Indian tea to be subject to the newly enacted taxes. The William is lost in a storm; the Dartmouth is the first ship to reach Boston, docking on November 28.source
  • 17741774 British general election: Voting for the House of Commons concludes in Great Britain, and Lord North retains the office of Prime Minister as his Tory coalition wins 343 of the 558 seats. Henry Seymour Conway's Whig Party wins the other 215 seats.source
  • 1775American Revolution: The Continental Congress passes a resolution creating the Continental Marines to serve as landing troops for the recently created Continental Navy (the Marines are disbanded at end of the war in April 1783 but reformed on July 11, 1798 as the United States Marine Corps).source
  • 1793The dechristianization of France during the French Revolution reaches a climax with the celebration of the Goddess of Reason in the cathedral of Notre Dame de Paris.source
  • 1793The dechristianization of France during the French Revolution reaches a climax with the celebration of the Goddess of Reason in the cathedral of Notre Dame de Paris.source
  • 1799November 10 (19 Brumaire) – A remnant of the Council of Ancients in France abolishes the Constitution of the Year III, and ordains the French Consulate with Napoleon as First Consul, with the Constitution of the Year VIII.source
  • 1809The Berners Street Hoax: Theodore Hook manages to attract dozens of people to 54 Berners Street in London.source
  • 1810Paisley canal disaster: A pleasure craft capsizes on the newly-completed first section of the Glasgow, Paisley and Johnstone Canal with the loss of 84 lives.source
  • 1810Paisley canal disaster in Scotland: A pleasure craft capsizes with the loss of 84 lives.source
  • 18121812 United Kingdom general election: The Tory Party is victorious, under Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool.source
  • 1812The Senate of Chile first meets.source
  • 1816The British troop transport Harpooner, returning from Quebec to Britain, is wrecked at Cape Pine on Newfoundland (island) with the loss of 208 of the 385 people on board.source
  • 1827A banquet is held in the Thames Tunnel under construction in London, attended by the Duke of Wellington and Isambard Kingdom Brunelsource
  • 1828Charles Sturt and Hamilton Hume trace the course of the Macquarie River.source
  • 1839The first known photograph taken in Spain is taken at the Pla de Palau, Barcelonasource
  • 1840The boiler of an experimental steam locomotive named Surprise explodes near Bromsgrove station in Worcestershire, killing the driver, Thomas Scaife and fireman, Joseph Rutherford.source
  • 1842November 10 & 19 – London debtor's prisons the Fleet Prison and Marshalsea are closed and inmates transferred to Queen's Bench Prison. Pentonville Prison for criminals is completed in north London this year.source
  • 1845Commercial treaty with the United States signed by Thomas Green Clemson and Adolphe Deschamps in Brussels.source
  • 1847The first brew of Carlsberg beer is finished in Copenhagen.source
  • 1847The first beer is brewed at J.C. Jacobsen's new Carlsberg brewery on Valby Hill in Copenhagen.source
  • 1852The Grand Trunk Railway Company is incorporated to build a railway between Toronto and Montreal.source
  • 1855Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's fictional poem The Song of Hiawatha is published in Boston.source
  • 1859The Treaty of Zürich, reaffirming the terms of the Treaty of Villafranca, brings the Austro-Sardinian War to an official close.source
  • 1865Captain Henry Wirz, Confederate superintendent of Andersonville Prison (Camp Sumter) is hanged, becoming the second of two combatants, and only serving regular soldier, to be executed for war crimes committed during the American Civil War.source
  • 1871Henry Morton Stanley, Welsh-born correspondent for the New York Herald, locates missing Scottish explorer and missionary Dr. David Livingstone in Ujiji, near Lake Tanganyika, and greets him by saying, "Dr. Livingstone, I presume?" (according to his later account).source
  • 1871missing Scottish explorer and missionary Dr. David Livingstone is located by journalist Henry Morton Stanley in Ujiji, near Lake Tanganyika.source
  • 1871Welsh-born journalist Henry Morton Stanley locates missing Scottish explorer and missionary, Dr. David Livingstone in Ujiji, near Lake Tanganyika and greets him saying "Dr. Livingstone, I presume?" (according to his later account).source
  • 1874John Ernst Worrell Keely demonstrates his "induction resonance motion motor", a perpetual motion machine, which eventually turns out to be a fraud.source
  • 1876The Centennial Exposition ends in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.source
  • 1879Tandanor, a worker-owned shipyard, is founded in Buenos Aires.source
  • 1879The Bell Telephone Company and Western Union reach an agreement in the United States, in which the former agrees to stay out of telegraphy and the latter to keep out of the telephone business.source
  • 1887Louis Lingg, sentenced to be hanged for his alleged role in the Haymarket affair (a bombing in Chicago on May 4, 1886), kills himself by dynamite.source
  • 1894Jandamarra, an Indigenous Australian of the Bunuba people, leads one of the few armed insurrections against Europeans.source
  • 1896November 9-11 – Governor-General Ramón Blanco y Erenas with more than 6,000 soldiers attacked the revolutionaries under Emilio Aguinaldo, resulting to the simultaneous Battle of Binakayan and Battle of Dalahican. It was the first major Filipino victory during the Philippine Revolution.source
  • 1898The new United Central American States, a merger of El Salvador, Honduras and Nicaragua, places its capital in the Nicaraguan city of Chinandega.source
  • 1898Bartolomé Masó, the President of the República de Cuba en Armas that had been founded during the Cuban War of Independence, resigns.source
  • 1898The Wilmington massacre of 1898 begins as a coup d'état by the white Democratic Party of the U.S. state of North Carolina against the Republican Mayor of Wilmington. On the first day, a building housing a negro newspaper is burned and eight African Americans are killed.source
  • 1902Bocconi University is founded by Ferdinando Bocconi in Milan.source
  • 1913November 7–11 – The Great Lakes Storm of 1913 kills more than 250.source
  • 1913November 7–11 – The Great Lakes Storm of 1913 in North America claims 19 ships, and more than 250 lives.source
  • 1915Enthronement of Taishō as the Emperor of Japan in the Imperial Palace in Kyoto. Originally scheduled to be held in 1914 (Taisho 3, 大正3年), it was postponed for one year in April of the same year due to the death of Empress Shōken.source
  • 1917The Italian front on the Piave effectively resist the enemy offensive, despite superior resources and manpower employed by the Austro-Germans. The Germans gradually withdraw their military contingent from the Italian front in the following month to prepare for the great offensive in the spring of 1918 on the Western Front.source
  • 1919Abrams v. United States: The Supreme Court of the United States upholds the conviction of Abrams for inciting resistance to the war effort against Soviet Russia.source
  • 19231923 Persian legislative election.source
  • 1924The Trial of the 149 begins in Estonia, eventually resulting in the conviction of 129 communists, including several members of the Riigikogu.source
  • 192510 November – 8 December – Moscow 1925 chess tournamentsource
  • 1926In San Francisco, a necrophiliac serial killer named Earle Nelson (dubbed "Gorilla Man") kills and then rapes his 9th victim, a boarding house landlady named Mrs. William Edmonds.source
  • 1928November 9 – 16 – Radclyffe Hall's novel The Well of Loneliness (published on 27 July by Jonathan Cape in London, England) is tried and convicted on the grounds of obscenity due to its theme of lesbian love, following a newspaper campaign.source
  • 1928The enthronement ceremony of Emperor of Japan Hirohito is held, two years after he actually took the imperial throne on December 26, 1926, following the death of Emperor Taishō.source
  • 1931November 4–18 - Jiangqiao Campaignsource
  • 1936The High Court of Australia rules in the case of R v Burgess; Ex parte Henry, that the Commonwealth government's power to regulate interstate trade and commerce did not extend to intrastate trade and commerce.source
  • 1937Brazilian president Getúlio Vargas announces the Estado Novo ("New State"), thence becoming dictator of Brazil until 1945.source
  • 19401940 Vrancea earthquake: An earthquake in Romania kills 1,000.source
  • 19401940 Vrancea earthquakesource
  • 1940The 2600th Anniversary Celebrations of the Japanese Empiresource
  • 1945Indonesian National Revolution: Battle of Surabaya – Following the killing of British officer Brigadier A. W. S. Mallaby on October 30, the British Indian Army (in support of its allied Dutch colonial administration) begins an advance on Surabaya in the Dutch East Indies against Indonesian nationalists; although most of the city is retaken in 3 days of heavy fighting, the strength of the resistance leads to today being celebrated as Heroes' Day (Hari Pahlawan) in Indonesia.source
  • 1946Municipal elections were held in Rome, Turin, Genoa, Florence, Naples and Palermo. The Christian Democrats suffered significant defeats, with some observers forecasting a cabinet crisis.source
  • 1947The arrest of four steel workers in Marseille begins a French communist riot, that also spreads to Paris.source
  • 1950A U.S. Air Force B-50 Superfortress bomber, experiencing an in-flight emergency, jettisons and detonates a Mark 4 nuclear bomb over Quebec, Canada (the device lacks its plutonium core).source
  • 1951Direct dial coast-to-coast telephone service begins in the United States.source
  • 1951King Tribhuvan and his family go to New Delhi.source
  • 1953Atatürk’s body was transferred to its final resting place (Anıtkabir) on his death daysource
  • 1954U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower dedicates the USMC War Memorial (Iwo Jima Memorial), at the Arlington National Cemetery.source
  • 1958Harry Winston donates the Hope Diamond to the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C.source
  • 1963November 7 – 11 German miners are rescued from a collapsed mine after 14 days in what becomes known as the "Wunder von Lengede" ("miracle of Lengede").source
  • 1963Malcolm X makes a historic speech in Detroit, Michigan ("Message to the Grass Roots").source
  • 1964Australia partially reintroduces compulsory military service due to the Indonesian Confrontation.source
  • 1966Seán Lemass retires as Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland, to be replaced in the role by fellow Fianna Fáil member Jack Lynch.source
  • 1966The San Juan (Argentina) earthquake occurs, with a magnitude of 5.9 degrees on the Richter scale, which is felt in the cities of La Serena, Ovalle, Illapel, La Ligua and Los Andes.source
  • 1969The television series Sesame Street premiered on National Educational Television, becoming the most famous preschool television series of all time.source
  • 1969The children's television show Sesame Street premieres on NET (now PBS).source
  • 1975The Treaty of Osimo is signed between Italy and Yugoslavia, resolving their dispute over Trieste. Under the agreement, a majority of the land area and residents go to Italy.source
  • 1975United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3379: By a vote of 72–35 (with 32 abstentions), the United Nations General Assembly approves a resolution equating Zionism with racism. The resolution provokes an outcry among Zionists. It is repealed in 1991.source
  • 1975Lev Leshchenko revives "Den Pobedy", one of the most popular World War II songs in the Soviet Union.source
  • 1975The 729 ft-long freighter SS Edmund Fitzgerald sinks during a storm 27 km from the entrance to Whitefish Bay on Lake Superior, killing all 29 crew members on board (an event immortalized in song by Gordon Lightfoot).source
  • 1979Mahmud Al-Nashaf (born 1906), Israeli Arab politician.source
  • 19791979 Mississauga train derailment: A 106-car Canadian Pacific freight train carrying explosive and poisonous chemicals from Windsor, Ontario, Canada derails in Mississauga, just west of Toronto, causing a massive explosion and the largest peacetime evacuation in Canadian history and one of the largest in North American history.source
  • 1980November 10–12 – Voyager program: The NASA space probe Voyager I makes its closest approach to Saturn, when it flies within 77,000 mi of the planet's cloud-tops and sends the first high-resolution images of the world back to scientists on Earth.source
  • 1980November 10 – November 12 – Voyager program: The NASA space probe Voyager I makes its closest approach to Saturn, when it flies within 77,000 mi of the planet's cloud-tops and sends the first high resolution images of the world back to scientists on Earth.source
  • 1984November 9–11 – The first Hackers Conference is held.source
  • 1989Gaby Kennard becomes the first Australian woman to fly solo around the world.source
  • 1989After 45 years of Communist rule in Bulgaria, Bulgarian Communist Party leader Todor Zhivkov is replaced by Foreign Minister Petar Mladenov, who changes the party's name to the Bulgarian Socialist Party.source
  • 1994Iraq recognizes the Sovereignty of Kuwait and accepts its UN recognized borders in a bid to have the sanctions lifted.source
  • 20012001 Australian federal election: The Coalition government, led by John Howard, is re-elected with a slightly increased majority, defeating the Labor Party led by Kim Beazley.source
  • 2001Fall of Mazar-i-Sharif: American and Northern Alliance forces take Mazar-i-Sharif in the first major offensive of the War in Afghanistan.source
  • 2008International Association of Doctors for the Promotion of Education and Health in Africa begins campaign to provide disadvantaged populations with free healthcaresource
  • 2008Reports surface that a United States nuclear weapon was lost somewhere in the ice after the January 21, 1968 crash of a B-52 Stratofortress outside Thule Air Base.source
  • 2009Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 was released.source
  • 2014An employee at the Lithuanian state air navigation company was charged with espionage. He was suspected of spying on civilian and military air operations on behalf of Belarus.source
  • 2014Prosecutors in Lithuania charge an employee at the state air navigation company for spying for Belarus over civilian and military air operations.source
  • 2019Pope Francis says he wishes to visit South Sudan in 2020. A National Security Services officer kills two policemen in Gok State while trying to release his brother from detention.source
  • 2020Apple releases the first Mac computers (a new MacBook Air, Mac mini and MacBook Pro) powered by Apple silicon chips.source
  • 2021October 31–November 13 – The 2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference is held in Glasgow, after being postponed in 2020 due to COVID-19. A deal is agreed by world leaders, which includes a "phasedown" of unabated coal power, a 30% cut in methane emissions by 2030, plans for a halt to deforestation by 2030, and increased financial support for developing countries.source
  • 2022November 6–November 18 – The 2022 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP27) on climate change mitigation takes place in Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt.source
  • 2023In the Falepili Union treaty, Australia grants "special" freedom of movement and defence rights to Tuvaluans for residence and employment for climate reasons.source
  • 2024A magnitude 6.8 earthquake hits near Bartolomé Masó, causing shaking across the east of the country.source
  • 20242024 Mauritian general election: The ruling Alliance Lepep loses its majority in the National Assembly to the Alliance du Changement by a landslide.source
  • 2025November 10–21 – The COP30 summit is held in Belém, Brazil, focusing on the role of the Amazon rainforest in climate action.source

Births

  • 1232Haakon the Young, king of Norway (died 1257)source
  • 1278Philip I, Prince of Taranto, Neapolitan prince (died 1331)source
  • 1341Henry Percy, 1st Earl of Northumberland, English statesman (died 1408)source
  • 1433Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy (died 1477)source
  • 1433Jeanne de Laval, French noble, queen consort of Naples (died 1498)source
  • 1443Adolf III of Nassau-Wiesbaden-Idstein, Germany noble (died 1511)source
  • 1480Bridget of York, English nun (died 1517)source
  • 1483Martin Luther, German monk and Protestant reformer (died 1546)source
  • 1489Henry V, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Prince of Wolfenbüttel 1514–1568 (died 1568)source
  • 1490John III, Duke of Cleves (died 1539)source
  • 1520Dorothea of Denmark, Electress Palatine, Princess of Denmark, Sweden and Norway (died 1580)source
  • 1547Gebhard Truchsess von Waldburg, Archbishop of Cologne (died 1601)source
  • 1565Laurentius Paulinus Gothus, Swedish theologian and astronomer (died 1646)source
  • 1565Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, English nobleman and politician (died 1601)source
  • 1565Laurentius Paulinus Gothus, theologian, astronomer and archbishop (died 1646)source
  • 1574Archduchess Maria Christina of Austria, Austrian archduchess (died 1621)source
  • 1577Jacob Cats, Dutch poet, jurist and politician (died 1660)source
  • 1584Catherine of Sweden, Countess Palatine of Kleeburg (died 1638)source
  • 1584Catherine of Sweden, Countess Palatine of Kleeburg, princess (died 1638)source
  • 1620Ninon de l'Enclos, French author (died 1705)source
  • 1659Albert Borgard, Danish artillery and engineer officer (died 1751)source
  • 1668Louis III, Prince of Condé (died 1710)source
  • 1668François Couperin, French composer (died 1733)source
  • 1679Christian Carl Gabel, vice admiral, Chief Secretary of War and Director of the Dano-Norwegian Navy and Holmen Naval Base (died 1748)source
  • 1683King George II of Great Britain (died 1760)source
  • 1685Duncan Forbes, Lord Culloden, Scottish politician, judge (died 1747)source
  • 1695John Bevis, English physician and astronomer (died 1771)source
  • 1697William Hogarth, English artist (died 1764)source
  • 1697William Hogarth, artist (died 1764)source
  • 1710Adam Gottlob Moltke, Danish statesman (died 1792)source
  • 1711Robert Hay Drummond, Archbishop of York (died 1776)source
  • 1728Oliver Goldsmith, Irish writer (died 1774)source
  • 1735Granville Sharp, English abolitionist (died 1813)source
  • 1750Tipu Sultan, Sultan of Mysore (died 1799)source
  • 1759Friedrich Schiller, German writer (died 1805)source
  • 1760William Black, Methodist minister (d.1834)source
  • 1794Robert Towns, merchant, founder of Townsville, Queensland, Australia (died 1873)source
  • 1794Robert Towns, master mariner (died 1873)source
  • 1806Sir Alexander Milne, British admiral (died 1896)source
  • 1829Newton Knight, American farmer, soldier and Southern Unionist in Mississippi and Civil War guerrilla (died 1922)source
  • 1835Manuel António de Sousa, Portuguese merchant and military officer of Goan origin (died 1892).source
  • 1880Jacob Epstein, American-born sculptor (died 1959)source
  • 1925Richard Burton, Welsh actor, better known for his role in Cleopatra (died 1984)source
  • 1928Ennio Morricone, Italian composer (died 2020)source
  • 1960Neil Gaiman, English authorsource
  • 1986Nong-O Hama, Muay Thai kickboxer, Coach, and former ONE Bantamweight Muay Thai World Championsource
  • 2006Hong Eun-chae, singersource
  • 2018Asterix, Thoroughbred racehorsesource

Deaths

  • 461Pope Leo I dies at Rome, age 61 (approximate), after a 21-year reign in which he has resisted Manichaeism and defended the Church against Nestorianism. He is succeeded by Hilarius as the 46th pope.source
  • 901Adelaide, queen of the West Frankish Kingdomsource
  • 948Zhao Yanshou, Chinese general and governorsource
  • 1068Agnes of Burgundy, duchess of Aquitainesource
  • 1105Sukjong, Korean ruler of Goryeo (born 1054)source
  • 1187Guðrøðr Óláfsson, Norse king of Dublinsource
  • 1209Raymond Roger Trencavel, French nobleman (born 1185)source
  • 1274Aveline de Forz, English noblewoman (born 1259)source
  • 1286Maurice FitzGerald, 3rd Lord of Offalysource
  • 1290Qalawun ("the Victorious") dies as the Egyptian Mamluk army sets out for Acre. He is succeeded by his eldest son Al-Ashraf Khalil as ruler of the Mamluk Sultanate. Khalil orders his allies and tributaries in Syria to prepare for a campaign next spring. Governors and castle commanders are ordered to assemble siege equipment and armor.source
  • 1290Qalawun ("the Victorious"), Mamluk ruler of Egypt (born 1222)source
  • 1293Isabel de Forz, 8th Countess of Devon (born 1237)source
  • 1299John I, count of Holland, dies and is succeeded by his uncle John II. He establishes a personal union with the County of Hainaut.source
  • 1299John I of Holland, Dutch nobleman (born 1284)source
  • 1444King Władysław III of Poland (in battle) (born 1424)source
  • 1453Hwangbo In, the Yeonguijeong (prime minister to the King of Korea) and the Jwauijeong (second minister), General Kim Chongsŏ, are assassinated in a coup d'état led by the heir to the throne Grand Prince Suyang.source
  • 1549Pope Paul III (born 1468)source
  • 1571Jérôme Souchier, French Roman Catholic cardinal (b.1508)source
  • 1596Peter Wentworth, English Puritan politician (born 1530)source
  • 1617Barnabe Rich, English soldier and writer (born c.1540)source
  • 1624Henry Wriothesley, 3rd Earl of Southampton, English patron of the theatre (born 1573)source
  • 1659Afzal Khan, Indian commander of the Bijapur Adilshahi forcessource
  • 1673Michał Korybut Wiśniowiecki, King of Poland (born 1640)source
  • 1728Fyodor Apraksin, Russian admiral (born 1661)source
  • 1753Bertrand-François Mahé de La Bourdonnais, French naval officer and governor of Isle de France (Mauritius) (born 1699)source
  • 1757King Abdallah IV of Morocco dies and is succeeded by his son, who takes the throne as King Mohammed III and reigns until 1790.source
  • 1777Cornstalk, Shawnee chief (born c. 1720)source
  • 1789Richard Caswell, American major general of the Revolutionary War, Continental Congressman and Governor of North Carolina (1776–80, 1785–87) (born 1729)source
  • 1806Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick, German ruling prince and general (died of wounds) (born 1735)source
  • 1808Guy Carleton, 1st Baron Dorchester, British soldier, governor of Quebec (born 1724)source
  • 1827St. George Tucker, United States federal judge (born 1752)source
  • 1843John Trumbull, American painter (born 1756)source
  • 1852Gideon Mantell, English geologist, palaeontologist (born 1790)source
  • 1861Death of French explorer Henri Mouhot, following which his servant Phrai begins shipping his diaries and specimens back to the west; they include accounts of Mouhot's discovery of Angkor Wat.source
  • 1865Henry Wirz, Swiss-born American Confederate military officer, prisoner-of-war camp commander (executed) (born 1823)source
  • 1869John E. Wool, general officer in the United States Army, who served during the War of 1812, Mexican–American War, and the American Civil War (born 1784)source
  • 1891Arthur Rimbaud, French poet (born 1854)source
  • 1938Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, 1st Prime Minister of Turkey, 1st President of Turkey (born c.1881)source
  • 1938Kemal Atatürk (born in 1881), President of Turkeysource
  • 1982Leonid Brezhnev, 75, Soviet politician, he served as the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1964 until his death in 1982, and was a part of the country's collective leadership, he also served as the head of state of the Soviet Union from 1960 until 1964, and again from 1977 until 1982, under the title of the chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet, heart attacksource
  • 1987Bangladeshi activist Noor Hossain was killed by the Bangladesh Police while protesting against the rule of President Hussain Muhammad Ershad near zero point in Dhaka.source
  • 2007Norman Mailer, 84, American Pulitzer Prize–winning author (The Naked and the Dead, The Executioner's Song), renal failure.source
  • 2015Helmut Schmidt, 96, German politician, Chancellor of West Germany (1974–1982), complications from surgery.source