/year

August 11 in history

190 sourced entries recorded on August 11, from 480 BCE to 2025 CE. Every line is quoted from the revision it came from.

Events

  • 106The south-eastern part of Dacia (modern Romania) becomes a Roman province: Roman Dacia. The veterans of the legions are given land in the new province for their service in the Roman army.source
  • 355Claudius Silvanus, accused of treason, proclaims himself Roman Emperor. After 28 days, Ursicinus arrives from Rome and has Silvanus murdered.source
  • 490Battle of the Adda River: Theodoric and his ally Alaric II defeat the forces of Odoacer, on the Adda River, near Milan.source
  • 819Caliph Al-Ma'mun returns to Baghdad, securing the city's place as the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate.source
  • 923The Qarmatians of Bahrayn capture and pillage the city of Basra.source
  • 1023King Robert II of France and Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor have a neutral site meeting at Ivois (now Carignan in France's département of Ardennes), and pledge to convene an assembly at Pavia to reform the clergy.source
  • 1044King Anawrahta seizes the throne of the Pagan Empire at Bagan in Burma (modern Myanmar).source
  • 1089A powerful earthquake is recorded in England.source
  • 1093Construction of Durham Cathedral in England begins, replacing the Saxon 'White Church'.source
  • 1107The Investiture Controversy is resolved, by the reconciliation of Henry I and Anselm, archbishop of Canterbury and the mass consecration of bishops by Anselm at the royal Palace of Westminster: William Giffard to Winchester, Roger to Salisbury, Reynelm to Hereford, William Warelwast to Exeter and Urban to Llandaff. Roger of Salisbury is also appointed Justiciar in this year.source
  • 1124A solar eclipse took place over northern Europe, after Sigurd the Crusader, King of Norway, led the Kalmare ledung, a naval attack on Kalmar, in order to Christianize the region of Småland. A historian later noted that Sigurd's crusade happened in the summer before "the great darkness".source
  • 1137Ramon Berenguer IV, count of Barcelona, is married to Princess Petronilla of Aragon (only 1-year-old) – whose father, King Ramiro II of Aragon, seeks aid from Barcelona against King Alfonso VII of Castile, abdicates the throne in favor of Ramon on November 13.source
  • 1264By the papal bull Transiturus, Pope Urban IV declares the Feast of Corpus Christi (festum corporis) to be celebrated by the entire Catholic Church.source
  • 1304Battle of Zierikzee: A French-Hollandic fleet (some 50 galleys) supported by Genoese ships led by Admiral Rainier I defeats the Flemish ships near Zierikzee. During the battle, the Flemish commander Guy of Namur is captured, and his fleet (which consists of Flemish, English, Hanseatic, Spanish and Swedish ships) is annihilated.source
  • 1306Battle of Dalrigh: Robert the Bruce is defeated by rival Scottish forces (some 1,000 men) led by John the Lame of Argyll chieftain and uncle of John Comyn the Red of the Clan MacDougall at Dalrigh (known as "King's Field"). ("After the defeat which Robert Bruce experienced in Perthshire from Edward I, soon after his coronation at Scone, he was endeavoring to make his way toward the West Highlands with a few followers, when, on the 11th of August 1306, he was encountered at a place, since called Dalrigh (the King's field) near Tyndrum, on the border of Argyllshire, by that powerful chief, or rather potentate, Allaster or Alexander MacDougall of Argyll...") During the battle, Bruce himself narrowly escapes capture and takes with the remnants refuge in the mountains of Atholl (Scottish Highlands).source
  • 1308Pope Clement V grants the Knights Hospitaller permission to begin the Crusade of the Poor.source
  • 1309Siege of Almería: Aragonese forces (some 12,000 men) under King James II of Aragon ("James the Just") land on the coast of Almería and begin blockading the city with his fleet. His forces include siege engines such as mangonels and trebuchets. James orders multiple unsuccessful assaults on the city and is forced (due to a shortage of supplies) to make a truce in December.source
  • 1315August 11 (12th day of 7th month of 4 Shōwa) – Hōjō Mototoki becomes ruler (shogun) and regent (shikken) of the Kamakura shogunate in Japan upon the death of Hōjō Hirotoki.source
  • 1325At Valladolid, Alfonso XI reaches the age of 14 and is proclaimed by the Cortes to have full power as the King of Castile.source
  • 1332August 10–11 – Battle of Dupplin Moor: Edward Balliol rebels, and the English defeat the loyalists of David II in Scotland.source
  • 1378Battle of the Vozha River: Prince Dmitri Ivanovich of Moscow resists a small invasion by the Mongol Blue Horde under Mamai.source
  • 1465In Sweden, Kettil Karlsson Vasa, Bishop of Linköping, is succeeded as Regent by Archbishop Jöns Bengtsson Oxenstierna.source
  • 1473At the Battle of Otlukbeli, Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II defeats the White Sheep Turkmens, led by Uzun Hasan.source
  • 1485News of Henry's landing at Wales reaches Richard, who issues a mobilization order that his lords received on August 14.source
  • 1487The Papal States and the Kingdom of Naples sign a peace treaty to end the war that had started a year and half earlier.source
  • 1492Cardinal Rodrigo Borja is unanimously elected on the fourth ballot of the papal conclave, and takes the name of Pope Alexander VI, 214th pope of the Roman Catholic Church.source
  • 1520Ferdinand Magellan maroons the two surviving people who had attempted a mutiny against him, Captain Juan de Cartagena and Father Pedro Sánchez de la Reina, placing them on an island off of the coast of Argentina and providing them with a small supply of ship's biscuits and drinking water. Cartagena and Sanchez are never heard from again.source
  • 1576English navigator Martin Frobisher, on his search for the Northwest Passage through North America, enters the bay now named after him in Canada.source
  • 1584(Tenshō 12, 16th day of the 7th month) The Tenshō embassy, Japan's first diplomatic mission to Europe, arrives in Portugal with four teenagers— Julião Nakaura, Mancio Itō, Martinho Hara and Miguel Chijiwa— who had become converts to Christianity.source
  • 1609Four ships arrive at the colony of Jamestown, Virginia, with almost 300 men, women and children, to bring supplies for the starving English colonists. They are followed days later by the other three ships remaining from the London Company. Most of the supplies, however, are spoiled by rain and seawater, and many of the passengers are ill with the bubonic plague.source
  • 1631Archduchess Isabella Clara Eugenia arrives in Mons to welcome Marie de' Medici.source
  • 1653Brussels Privy Council prohibits the exportation of grain to territory not under the control of friendly or neutral statessource
  • 167311 August (21 August New Style) – Third Anglo-Dutch War: Battle of Texel (Kijkduin) – The Dutch fleet again defeats the Anglo-French, preventing England's Blackheath Army from landing in Zeeland.source
  • 1674The French army under Prince Louis, Grand Condé fights the Dutch–Spanish–Imperial army under William III of Orange at Seneffe in a very bloody, but inconclusive battle.source
  • 1674Battle of Seneffe: The French army under Louis II de Bourbon, Prince de Condé defeats the Dutch–Spanish–Austrian army under William III of Orange.source
  • 1685Morean War: The 49-day Siege of Coron ends with the surrender and massacre of its garrison by the Venetians.source
  • 1691Battle of La Prairie in Canada: An English and Iroquois force come north from Albany, New York to attack Montreal, but are repulsed with significant casualties by the French and their First Nations allies.source
  • 1702Great Northern War: Częstochowa, Poland, is captured by the Swedish army.source
  • 1710a Tory administration is formed with Robert Harley as Chancellor of the Exchequer following the fall of the Whig government.source
  • 1711The first horse race is held at the newly founded Ascot Racecourse, which becomes one of the leading racecourses in England.source
  • 1711the first race meeting is held at Ascot Racecourse, "Her Majesty's Plate", attended by Queen Anne.source
  • 1712The Peace of Aarau is signed by Catholics and Protestants, ending the Toggenburg War and establishing Protestant dominance in Switzerland, while preserving the rights of Catholics.source
  • 1718Battle of Cape Passaro: a Spanish fleet is defeated by the British Royal Navy under Admiral George Byng, off Capo Passero, Sicily, a prelude to the War of the Quadruple Alliance.source
  • 1718a British fleet under Admiral Byng defeats a Spanish fleet at the Battle of Cape Passaro, a prelude to the War of the Quadruple Alliance.source
  • 1723The Ostend Company is chartered by merchants and shipowners to establish trade for the Austrian Netherlands in the East Indies and West Indies. Over the next two days, 54 major investors in Antwerp purchase the shares of stock in the company.source
  • 1757In the Battle of Delhi, the capital city of the Mughal Empire is retaken by Maratha Empire leader Raghunathrao from Najib ad-Dawlah, who flees to refuge in the royal palace, the Red Fort.source
  • 1761Two years after his marriage to Martha Custis and his move to Mount Vernon, American military officer and politician George Washington advertises a reward in the Maryland Gazette for the capture of four fugitive slaves who ran away from him: Cupid, Peros, Jack and Neptune, claiming in the gazette that they had escaped "without the least suspicion, provocation, or difference with anybody".source
  • 1773Second voyage of James Cook in the Tuamotus: Captain Cook discovers Tekokota, which he names Doubtful Island.source
  • 1786Captain Francis Light acquires the island of Penang from the Sultan of Kedah on behalf of the British East India Company, renaming it Prince of Wales Island in honour of the heir to the British throne, and establishing the settlement of George Town. This is the first colony of the British Empire in Southeast Asia.source
  • 1794Sveinn Pálsson and two of his companions climb Öræfajökull glacier for the first time.source
  • 1797Overhoffretten, the highest court in Norway, was abolished, and replaced with four regional courts.source
  • 1803child actor Master Betty makes his debut in Belfast, followed on 28 November by Dublin.source
  • 1804In reaction to Napoleon being proclaimed emperor of France, Francis II assumes the title of a hereditary emperor of Austria (as Francis I) in addition to his title as emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. This latter title will become obsolete two years later when the formation of the Confederation of the Rhine instigated by Napoleon signals the end of the Holy Roman Empire.source
  • 1804In reaction to Napoleon being proclaimed emperor of France, Francis II assumes the title of a hereditary emperor of Austria (as Francis I) in addition to his title as emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. Tis latter title will become obsolete two years later when the formation of the Confederation of the Rhine instigated by Napoleon signals the end of the Holy Roman Empire.source
  • 1822August 5–13 – A sequence of earthquakes occurs in the northern part of the Ottoman Empire, causing severe damage from Gaziantep to Antakya in modern Turkey and from Aleppo to Khan Sheikhun in modern Syria. At least 20,000 people are killed.source
  • 1825The U.S. Senate ratifies treaties with the Crow tribe.source
  • 1828The Working Men's Party is founded in the City of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania as the 1st 'worker oriented' political party in the United States.source
  • 1828William Corder is hanged at Bury St Edmunds, England, for the murder of Maria Marten at the Red Barn a year earlier.source
  • 1828William Corder is hanged at Bury St. Edmunds for the murder of Maria Marten at the Red Barn a year ago.source
  • 1834August 11–12 – Ursuline Convent riots: A convent of Ursuline nuns is burned near Boston.source
  • 1840Union Jack is flown over Akaroa.source
  • 1841Frederick Douglass speaks in front of the Anti-Slavery Convention in Nantucket, Massachusetts.source
  • 1846Establishment of the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C.source
  • 1849Hungarian Revolution of 1848: Lajos Kossuth and the Hungarian Government of Bertalan Szemere resign, and give all powers to the hands of Arthur Görgey. After this Kossuth, the ministries and many military officers leave Hungary and seek asylum in Turkey.source
  • 1858The Eiger is first ascended.source
  • 1870France and Prussia give assurances to Britain that Belgian neutrality will be respected during the Franco-Prussian War.source
  • 1871Stowmarket Guncotton Explosion kills 28.source
  • 1874Third Carlist War: Battle of Oteiza – Two months after Government forces were repulsed from Carlist-held Estella, in Navarre, Republican General Domingo Moriones makes a fresh diversionary attack a few miles to the southeast at Oteiza. In heavy fighting Moriones secures a costly tactical victory over Carlist General Torcuato Mendíri, but the war continues another 18 months, before Estella finally falls.source
  • 1900The football club Associação Atlética Ponte Preta is founded.source
  • 1904Battle of Waterberg: Lothar von Trotha defeats the Herero people in German South West Africa, and drives them into the Omaheke desert, starting the Herero and Namaqua genocide.source
  • 1905The Russian Council appointed by Tsar Nicholas II meets at Peterhof and approves a plan for a national Duma, the first representative assembly in the Empire.source
  • 1913The London ambassadors conference, of Europe's six "Great Powers" (Austria-Hungary, France, Germany, Italy, Russia, the United Kingdom), settled on the boundaries of the new Principality of Albania, created from former Turkish territory by the Balkan League during the First Balkan War.source
  • 1919In Germany, the Weimar Constitution is proclaimed to be in effect (ratified).source
  • 1921The temperature reaches 39 degrees Celsius in Breslau; the heat wave continues elsewhere in Europe as well.source
  • 1921Franklin D. Roosevelt's paralytic illness strikes while he is vacationing; on August 25 he is diagnosed with polio and aged 39 becomes permanently disabled.source
  • 1921Franklin D. Roosevelt's paralytic illness strikes while he is vacationing on Campobello Island; on August 25 he is diagnosed with polio and aged 39 becomes permanently disabled.source
  • 1924August 9–17 – the 2nd World Scout Jamboree is held in Ermelunden, Denmark.source
  • 1932To celebrate Constitution Day in Germany, Chancellor Franz von Papen and his interior minister Baron Wilhelm von Gayl present proposed amendments to the Weimar constitution for a "New State" to deal with the problems besetting Germany.source
  • 1942August 3–15 – WWII: Operation Pedestal – A British convoy of 14 merchant ships with a massive escort of two battleships, 4 aircraft carriers, 7 cruisers, 32 destroyers and smaller ships commanded by Admiral Edward Neville Syfret, sets sail to Malta under relentless attacks by day and night from enemy submarines, aircraft and Axis surface forces. The 55,000 tons of food and fuel (particularly from oil tanker SS Ohio) delivered by this convoy saves Malta from surrender and allows Malta-based aircraft and submarines to resume their attacks against Rommel's supply lines, although over 500 British sea- and airmen are killed and many ships (including carrier HMS Eagle (1918)) are lost.source
  • 1944Inger Nordal, botanist.source
  • 1945The Holocaust: Kraków pogrom – Róża Berger is shot dead by Polish militia.source
  • 1947The Enterprise express train service commences between Belfast and Dublin.source
  • 1948August 10–23 – The Herrenchiemsee convention prepares the draft for the Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany.source
  • 1951René Pleven becomes Prime Minister of France.source
  • 1952The Jordanian Parliament forces King Talal of Jordan to abdicate due to mental illness; he is succeeded by his son King Hussein.source
  • 1952Crown Prince Hussein, was proclaimed King of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan.source
  • 1955A Rhodesian soldier named Shaweleka Fungabelo killed six people and wounded at least twelve people on a mail train travelling from Kuala Lumpur to Singapore before committing suicide.source
  • 1961An annular solar eclipse is visible from the Southern Ocean.source
  • 1962King Kong vs. Godzilla is released in Japan, becoming the first Godzilla and King Kong film in colour. It also becomes the 3rd film in both franchises.source
  • 1963Four of the defendants who had been arrested on 11 July, at the Liliesleaf Farm near Johannesburg, were able to escape their South African jail after a bribe was promised to their guard by the ANC. Harold Wolpe and Arthur Goldreich, who were both white, were confined at Johannesburg's Marshall Square Police Station, in the same cell with Indian South Africans Abdulhay Jassat and Moosa Moolla, separate from the black South African defendants. Their white guard, Johannes Greeff, served three years of a six-year sentence, and later received 2,000 African pounds. Wolpe and Goldreich would elude a nationwide search and, "disguised as priests", make it to Swaziland (which was surrounded by South Africa), and on 8 September, would charter a plane to fly to Tanganyika.source
  • 1965Racial rioting in the Los Angeles, California neighborhood of Watts breaks out after an African American motorist, Marquette Frye, is stopped on suspicion of drunken driving. Six days of unrest are quelled by over 14,000 members of the California National Guard. There are 34 deaths and over $40 million in property damage. It is the largest and costliest urban rebellion of the Civil Rights movement.source
  • 1965The Hendek bus accident occurred, causing 25 deaths.source
  • 1966Indonesia and Malaysia issue a joint peace declaration, formally ending the Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation which began in 1963.source
  • 1966the Beatles hold a press conference in Chicago, during which John Lennon apologizes for his "more popular than Jesus" remark, saying, "I didn't mean it as a lousy anti-religious thing."source
  • 1966A Lisunov Li-2 airliner, operated by Tarom crashed in the Lotriora Valley in Romania, near the city of Sibiu, killing all 24 people on board.source
  • 1967In the midst of the student takeover, the phrase «Chilean: El Mercurio lies » on a canvas hanging in the Central House of the Catholic University.source
  • 1968A group of 9 priests, 3 nuns and 200 lay people identified with the Christians for Socialism current take over the Metropolitan Cathedral of Santiago as a protest against the visit of Pope Paul VI to the International Eucharistic Congress in Bogotá (Colombia), the prohibition of contraceptives and the construction of the Votive Temple of Maipú. On the altar, the group places posters of Che Guevara and Camilo Torres, while outside they display a canvas with the legend "For a church next to the people and their struggle"source
  • 1968The last steam passenger train service runs in Britain. A selection of British Rail steam locomotives make the 120-mile journey from Liverpool to Carlisle and return – the journey is known as the Fifteen Guinea Special.source
  • 1970Creation of the International Council of Organizations of Folklore Festivals and Folk Arts in Confolens, France.source
  • 1971Construction begins on the Louisiana Superdome in New Orleans.source
  • 1974The government repeal a law banning women from bullfighting.source
  • 1975Governor Mário Lemos Pires of Portuguese East Timor abandons the capital Dili, following a UDT coup and the outbreak of civil war between UDT and Fretilin.source
  • 1976A sniper rampage in Wichita, Kansas on a Holiday Inn results in 3 deaths while 7 others are wounded.source
  • 1979The Machchu-2 dam in Morbi, India, collapses, killing between 1800 and 25000 people in one of the worst ever dam failures.source
  • 1980July 31–August 11: Hurricane Allen.source
  • 1984Barefoot South African runner Zola Budd and Mary Decker of the U.S. collide in the Olympic 3000 meters final, neither finishing as medallists.source
  • 1986Tamil refugees are found drifting off the coast of Newfoundlandsource
  • 1987Apple introduces Hypercard, a precursor to the World Wide Web.source
  • 1988A meeting of Islamic Jihadi leaders, including Osama bin Laden, takes place, leading to the founding of Al-Qaeda.source
  • 1989In Dhaka, the Bangabandhu Bhaban, the residence of Sheikh Hasina was attacked with gunfire and bombs by activists of Bangladesh Freedom Party.source
  • 1991Nickelodeon introduces its series of Nicktoons, with Doug, Rugrats and The Ren & Stimpy Show set three air premieres.source
  • 1997August 3–11 – Two of the three islands of the Union of the Comoros – Anjouan and Mohéli – attempt to revert to colonial rule by France. The plan fails when the French government of President Jacques Chirac refuses to recolonize them, resulting in the two islands being reintegrated into the Comoros over the next two years.source
  • 1999A total solar eclipse is seen in Europe and Asia.source
  • 2000S. M. A. Rob, Khulna City Corporation mayoral candidate of the Awami League, was shot dead in front of his home.source
  • 2003NATO takes over command of the peacekeeping force in Afghanistan, marking its first major operation outside Europe in its 54-year-history.source
  • 2003Riduan Isamuddin, head of the Indonesian Islamist group Jemaah Islamiyah, is arrested in Ayutthaya, Thailand.source
  • 2004Fighting breaks out in the Georgian–Ossetian conflict.source
  • 2004August 7–13 – Typhoon Rananim causes widespread destruction as it strikes China.source
  • 2012Usain Bolt wins a third gold medal of the 2012 Olympics as he anchors Jamaica's sprint relay team to a world record.source
  • 2013August 10 – 17 – Kazakhstan competed at the 2013 World Championships in Athletics in Moscow, Russia. A team of 17 athletes represented the country in the event.source
  • 2017Alexandria train collision.source
  • 2018August 10–20 – Heavy rainfall causes severe floods in the Indian state of Kerala. It is the worst flood to hit the state in a century.source
  • 2020COVID-19 pandemic: Russian President Vladimir Putin announces that Russia has approved the world's first COVID-19 vaccine.source
  • 2021new road traffic rules come in effect, among those right turn on red in intersections with special road signs.source
  • 2022August 9 – August 18: Guyana at the 2021 Islamic Solidarity Gamessource
  • 2023The Narendra Modi led NDA government wins a no confidence motion in the Lok Sabha moved by the INDIA Alliance after an opposition walkout in response to the ethnic violence in the state of Manipur.source
  • 2024President Volodymyr Zelenskyy announces that the Ukrainian military is conducting a cross-border offensive inside Russia's western Kursk Oblast. Russia says that 76,000 people have been evacuated from the region.source
  • 2025August 7–17 – The 2025 World Games are held in Chengdu, China.source

Births

  • 1086Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor (died 1125)source
  • 1144Sinjong, Korean ruler of Goryeo (died 1204)source
  • 1384Yolande of Aragon (died 1442)source
  • 1403Ravenna Petrova, Princess of Amara Palace, daughter of William Hamilton and Anita Petrova. (died 1423)source
  • 1467Mary of York, daughter of King Edward IV of England (died 1482)source
  • 1472Nikolaus von Schönberg, German Catholic cardinal (died 1537)source
  • 1510Margaret Paleologa, Sovereign Marchioness of Montferrat (1531–1540) (died 1566)source
  • 1658Sir Justinian Isham, 4th Baronet, English baronet and Member of Parliament (died 1730)source
  • 1667Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici, last of the Medicis of Italy (died 1743)source
  • 1673Richard Mead, English physician (died 1754)source
  • 1718Frederick Haldimand, Swiss-born British colonial governor (died 1791)source
  • 1752Alexander Tormasov, Russian general (died 1819)source
  • 1807David Rice Atchison, American politician (died 1886)source
  • 1811Judah P. Benjamin, Cabinet officer of the Confederate States (died 1884)source
  • 1897Enid Blyton, British children's writer (died 1968)source
  • 1943Pervez Musharraf, Pakistani general, leader and 10th President of Pakistan (died 2023)source
  • 1950Steve Wozniak, American inventor, engineer, programmer, philanthropist, and entrepreneursource
  • 1953Hulk Hogan, American professional wrestler (died 2025)source
  • 1987Greysia Polii, Indonesian badminton playersource

Deaths

  • 480 BCELeonidas I, Agiad King of Sparta (died at Thermopylae)source
  • 223Jia Xu, Chinese official and politician (born 147)source
  • 353Magnentius, Roman usurper (born 303)source
  • 449Flavian, patriarch of Constantinoplesource
  • 632Rusticula (born c. 556), abbess of Arlessource
  • 919Dhuka al-Rumi, Abbasid governor of Egyptsource
  • 979Gero, German noblemansource
  • 991Following a raid by Olaf Tryggvason at the mouth of the River Thames, ealdorman Byrhtnoth is killed in the Battle of Maldon in Essex, which is commemorated in the Old English poem The Battle of Maldon. Æthelred the Unready is forced to pay a tribute of 22,000 pounds of silver for Tryggvason to withdraw his troops; this is the first in a series of Danegelds.source
  • 991Byrhtnoth, ealdorman of Essexsource
  • 1044Sokkate, last king of the Pagan Kingdom, killed in combat (born 1001)source
  • 1090Fujiwara no Atsuie, Japanese nobleman (born 1033)source
  • 1180William of Sens (or Guillaume), French architectsource
  • 1204King Guttorm of Norwaysource
  • 1212Beatrice, Holy Roman Empress (born 1198)source
  • 1253Clare of Assisi, Italian nun and saint (born 1194)source
  • 1259While conducting a siege against the Song dynasty city known as Fishing Town in the province of Chongqing, China, the Mongol Great Khan, Möngke Khan, dies in the nearby hills. Persian, Chinese, and Mongol records have different accounts of how he died, including succumbing to an arrow wound received by a Chinese archer in the siege, dysentery, and even a cholera epidemic. His death sparks a succession crisis in the Mongol Empire, while his brothers Ariq Böke and Kublai soon convene their own kurultai to elect themselves as the next Khan of Khans, opening the path to a four–year-long Toluid Civil War from 1260 to 1264. In the end, Ariq Böke surrenders to Kublai.source
  • 1259Möngke Khan of the Mongol Empiresource
  • 1268Agnes of Faucigny, Dame ruler of Faucigny, countess consort of Savoysource
  • 1332at the Battle of Dupplin Moorsource
  • 1332Muireadhach III, Earl of Menteith at Battle of Dupplin Moorsource
  • 1332Robert II Keith, Marischal of Scotland at Battle of Dupplin Moorsource
  • 1389Spyridon of Serbia, Patriarch of the Serbian Orthodox Church since 1380, dies and the former Patriarch, Jefrem, takes his place.source
  • 1456John Hunyadi, Hungarian statesman and military leader (born c. 1406)source
  • 1464Nicholas of Cusa, German mathematician and astronomer (born 1401)source
  • 1465Kettil Karlsson, regent of Sweden and Bishop of Linköping (plague; b. 1433)source
  • 1477Latino Orsini, Italian Catholic cardinal (born 1411)source
  • 1486William Waynflete, English Lord Chancellor and bishop of Winchester (born c. 1398)source
  • 1490Frans van Brederode, Dutch rebel leader (born 1465)source
  • 1494Hans Memling, Flemish painter (born c. 1430)source
  • 1519Johann Tetzel, German opponent of the Reformation (born 1465)source
  • 1532John of Denmark, Danish prince (born 1518)source
  • 1596Hamnet Shakespeare, son of William Shakespeare (born 1585)source
  • 1614Lavinia Fontana, Italian painter (born 1552)source
  • 1630Thomas Walsingham, English spymaster (born 1561)source
  • 1656Ottavio Piccolomini, Austrian-Italian field marshal (born 1599)source
  • 1664Sir John Lisle, a former member of the English House of Commons who had been designated a regicide for his role in signing the death warrant in the execution in 1649 of Charles I of England, is assassinated in a church courtyard in Lausanne in Switzerland. Lisle had gone into exile after the restoration of the monarchy in 1660. The shooting of Lisle, done on order of King Charles II, is carried out by a team led by royal agent James Cotter.source
  • 1798Joshua Clayton, American politician (born 1744)source
  • 1868Thaddeus Stevens, American politician (born 1792)source
  • 1890John Henry Newman, English Roman Catholic Cardinal (born 1801)source
  • 1919Andrew Carnegie, Scottish-born businessman and philanthropist (born 1835)source
  • 1956Jackson Pollock, American painter (born 1912; car accident)source
  • 1974Vicente Emilio Sojo, musicologistsource
  • 2014Robin Williams, 63, American actor (Good Will Hunting, Aladdin, Mork & Mindy) and comedian, Oscar winner (1998), suicide by hanging.source