1472 CE

A mount of piety is established in Siena (Italy), origin of Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena, the world's oldest surviving retail bank. Volterra, a town in the Republic of Florence in Italy, surrenders after a siege of 25 days by Florentine soldiers under the command of Federico da Montefeltro. Because the town had rebelled against the power of Lorenzo de' Medici, da Montefeltro allows his soldiers on June 18 to pillage Volterra and to commit rape and murder of its citizens. King Edward IV of England gives royal assent to the Statute of Westminster 1472 which requires, effective immediately, a tax of four bow staves per every tun (252 wine gallons) of cargo brought in by a ship to an English port. The Statute is passed to remedy a shortage of yew wood, from which longbows are made, following the issuing of an edict in 1470 requiring compulsory training for soldiers to use the longbow.

In the 1470s, the 15th century.

Geopolitics & Diplomacy

  • February 20 – Orkney and Shetland are returned by Norway to Scotland, as a result of a defaulted dowry payment.source
  • May 27 – An alliance agreement is signed between Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy and Nicholas I, Duke of Lorraine, with Charles pledging his daughter, Mary of Burgundy, to marry Nicholas. The agreement comes at the same time that King Ferdinand I of Naples had been negotiating the engagement of Mary of Burgundy to Frederick, prince of Naples.source
  • May 31 – The Treaty of Prenzlau is signed between Albrecht III Achilles, Elector of Brandenburg, and the two Dukes of Pomerania, Eric II and Wartislaw X, surrendering the Duchy of Pomerania-Stettin to Albert's control and ending the eight-year-long War of the Succession of Stettin.source
  • August 19 – King Edward IV summons the members of the English Parliament to assemble at Westminster on October 6.source
  • September 11 – The Treaty of Chateaugiron is concluded between King Edward IV of England and the Duchy of Brittany, providing for an English invasion of either Gascony or Normandy by April 1, 1473.source
  • November 5 – Duke Nicholas of Lorraine and Duke Charles of Burgundy agree that the engagement between Nicholas and Charles's daughter can be called off without jeopardizing the alliance between the two duchies.source
  • Robert FitzEustace and John Taxton appointed Joint Lord Chancellors of IrelandIrelandsource

Conflict & Security

  • June 4 – Shah Suwar, formerly the ruler much of southeastern Turkey as prince of the Beylik of Dulkadir, surrenders to the Egyptian Mamluk General Yashbak min Mahdi after an 11-day siege. He is brought out of the Castle of Zamantu, restrained by a robe with a metal collar with chains and his guards are unable to rescue him. Suwar's older brother, Shah Budak, is returned to the throne of Dulkadirsource
  • June 16 – Volterra, a town in the Republic of Florence in Italy, surrenders after a siege of 25 days by Florentine soldiers under the command of Federico da Montefeltro. Because the town had rebelled against the power of Lorenzo de' Medici, da Montefeltro allows his soldiers on June 18 to pillage Volterra and to commit rape and murder of its citizens.source
  • October 28 – The Catalan Civil War comes to an end as Barcelona surrenders to King Juan II of Aragon with the signing of the Capitulation of Pedralbes by the rebel leader Hugh Roger III of Pallars Sobirà, guaranteeing the rights of the Principality of Catalonia in return for allegiance to the Kingdom of Aragon.source
  • Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy, invaded northern France during his conflict with King Louis XI of France. Burgundian forces ravaged Picardy and Normandy, burning towns and countryside to pressure the French crown.Francesource

Exploration & Expansion

  • March 4 – A mount of piety is established in Siena (Italy), origin of Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena, the world's oldest surviving retail bank.source
  • An extensive slave trade begins in modern Cameroon as the Portuguese sail up the Wouri River and Fernão do Po claims the central-African islands Bioko and Annobón for Portugal.source
  • The possible discovery of the island of "Bacalao" (which some historians believe to have been Newfoundland off North America, 20 years before Christopher Columbus had arrived in the "New World") is made by João Vaz Corte-Real. The suggestion that Corte-Real found lands that he called the "Terras do Bacalhau" (and was granted lands in the Azores by the king of Portugal as a result) will be advanced by Italian writer Gaspar Frutuoso a century later in his work Saudades da Terra, although the reliability of Frutuoso's 1570 book is questioned by later historians because of the book's misinformation on other matters.source

Religion & Belief

  • July 3 – The Cathedral and Metropolitical Church of Saint Peter in York, England, commonly known as York Minster, is declared complete and consecrated.source
  • December 31 – The city council of Amsterdam prohibits snowball fights: "Neymant en moet met sneecluyten werpen nocht maecht noch wijf noch manspersoon." ("No one shall throw with snowballs, neither men nor (unmarried) women.")source
  • The Kingdom of Fez ruling the modern nation of Morocco, is founded by the Wattasid dynasty with Sultan Abu Abd Allah al-Sheikh Muhammad ibn Yahya as its first ruler.source
  • The first printing of Thomas à Kempis' The Imitation of Christ (De Imitatione Christi) is made in Augsburg after Kempis's death in 1471 it will reach 100 editions and translations by the end of the century.source

Economy & Finance

  • October 6 – King Edward IV of England gives royal assent to the Statute of Westminster 1472 which requires, effective immediately, a tax of four bow staves per every tun (252 wine gallons) of cargo brought in by a ship to an English port. The Statute is passed to remedy a shortage of yew wood, from which longbows are made, following the issuing of an edict in 1470 requiring compulsory training for soldiers to use the longbow.source

Science & Discovery

  • January 22 – The Great Comet of 1472 passes within 0.07 astronomical units of Earth (6.507 million miles or 10.472 million km), the closest approach in recorded history for a great cometsource
  • March 11 – The Great Comet of 1472 is observed from the Earth for the last time as it flies away from Earth in the direction of the constellation of Cetus.source
  • Johannes de Sacrobosco's De sphaera mundi (written c. 1230) is first published in Ferrara, the first printed astronomical book.source
  • Pietro d'Abano's medical texts Conciliator differentiarum quae inter philosophos et medicos versantur and De venenis eorumque remediis (written before 1315) are first published.source

Culture & Society

  • April 11 – The first printed edition of Dante Alighieri's Divine Comedy is published in Foligno.source
  • June 1 – Sophia Palaiologina is married by proxy to the ruler of Russia, Ivan III, Grand Prince of Moscow, in a ceremony at St. Peter's Basilica in Rome, with his trusted emissary Ivan Fryazin serving as the proxy.source
  • June – Leonardo da Vinci is admitted as a master in his own right to the artists' Guild of Saint Luke in Florence. An entry is made in the register of the Compagnia di San Luca reading "Anno Domini 1472— Leonardo, son of Ser Piero da Vinci, painter, to pay the sum of 6 sol, for the whole month of June 1472, for the remittance of his debt to the Company until July 1472... and to pay for the whole of November 1472, 5 sol due on 18 October 1472."source

Births

  • January 17 – Guidobaldo da Montefeltro, Italian condottiero and Duke of Urbino (died 1508)source
  • February 15 – Piero di Lorenzo de' Medici, ruler of Florence (died 1503)source
  • March 28 – Fra Bartolomeo, Italian artist (died 1517)source
  • April 5 – Bianca Maria Sforza, Pavian-born Holy Roman Empress as consort to Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor (died 1510)source
  • April 10 – Margaret of York, English princess (died 1472)source
  • May 31 – Érard de La Marck, prince-bishop of Liège (died 1538)source
  • August 11 – Nikolaus von Schönberg, German Catholic cardinal (died 1537)source
  • October 19 – John Louis, Count of Nassau-Saarbrücken (died 1545)source
  • October 31 – Wang Yangming, Chinese Neo-Confucian scholar (died 1529)source
  • November 24 – Pietro Torrigiano, Italian sculptor of the Florentine school (died 1528)source
  • December 10 – Anne de Mowbray, 8th Countess of Norfolk (died 1481)source
  • Barbro Stigsdotter, Swedish noblewoman and heroine (died 1528)source
  • Alfonsina Orsini, Regent of Florence (died 1520)source
  • Lucas Cranach the Elder, German painter (died 1553)source
  • Marie De Luxembourg, Saint-PolFrancesource

Deaths

  • March 30 – Amadeus IX, Duke of Savoy (born 1435)source
  • April 25 – Leon Battista Alberti, Italian painter, poet and philosopher (born 1404)source
  • May 24 – Charles of Valois, Duke of Berry, French noble (born 1446)source
  • May 30 – Jacquetta of Luxembourg, English duchess, daughter of Pierre de Luxembourg (born 1416)source
  • June 4 – Nezahualcoyotl, Aztec poet (born 1402)source
  • July 15 – Johann II of Nassau-Saarbrücken, Count of Nassau-Saarbrücken (1429–1472) (born 1423)source
  • July 25 – Charles of Artois, Count of Eu, French military leader (born 1394)source
  • November 18 – Basilios Bessarion, Latin Patriarch of Constantinople (born 1403)source
  • December 11 – Margaret of York, English princess (born 1472)source
  • Hayne van Ghizeghem, Flemish composer (born c. 1445)source
  • date unknown – Afanasy Nikitin, Russian travellersource
  • Michelozzo, Italian architect and sculptor (born c. 1396)source
  • Charles of Valois, Duke of BerryFrancesource