/year

June 1 in history

312 sourced entries recorded on June 1, from 195 BCE to 2025 CE. Every line is quoted from the revision it came from.

Events

  • 193Septimius Severus enters the capital, and has Julianus put to death. He replaces the Praetorian Guard with a 15,000-man force from the Danubian legions, and gains control of the Roman Empire, beginning the Severan dynasty.source
  • 907Zhu Quanzhong (Zhu Wen) usurps the throne and proclaims himself the first emperor of Later Liang. China is controlled by successive short-lived kingdoms (until 960).source
  • 1026The Basilica of Saint Maternus in Walcourt, modern-day Belgium, is consecrated by Bishop Réginhard of Liège.source
  • 1191A Crusader force led by Richard I defeats the Byzantine army near the village of Tremithus. Isaac Komnenos flees from the battlefield to Kantara. Richard captures Isaac's banner and hunts down the remnants of his army. At Nicosia Richard becomes ill; Guy of Lusignan in command of Richard's forces, marches on Kyrenia and captures it, taking the empress and her child prisoner. Isaac is taken before Richard (in chains of silver) and accepts an unconditional surrender. Richard places garrisons in the towns and castles, and appoints Richard de Camville as governor of Cyprus, jointly with Robert of Thornham.source
  • 1195Battle of Shamkor: Georgians defeat the Ildenizids of Azerbaijan.source
  • 1215Mongol conquest of Jin China: After the long Battle of Zhongdu, the Mongol forces capture Zhongdu (modern-day Beijing). Meanwhile, Genghis Khan has decamped to the edge of the grasslands and is on his way back to the Kherlen River. Without his restraining influence, the Mongols run wild. They devastate and ransack the city, killing thousands. The royal palace goes up in flames, and a part of the capital burns for a month.source
  • 1252Alfonso X is proclaimed king of Castile and León.source
  • 1283Treaty of Rheinfelden: The 11-year-old Rudolf II is forced to relinquish his claim on the Duchies of Austria and Styria to his elder brother, Albert I. According to the terms of the agreement, concluded at the Imperial City of Rheinfelden (modern Switzerland), Rudolf receives some territories in Further Austria in return.source
  • 1298Battle of Turaida: Forces of the Livonian Order are decisively defeated near Turaida Castle by the residents of Riga, allied with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania under Vytenis. After their defeat, the Livonians receive reinforcements from the Teutonic Order and defeat the residents of Riga and Lithuanians near Neuermühlen, on June 28. The knights proceed with their campaign, and besiege and capture Riga. In response, King Eric VI of Denmark ("Menved") threatens to invade Livonia, but a truce is reached and the conflict is mediated by Pope Boniface VIII.source
  • 1426The Parliament of Bats closes in England. Among the laws given royal assent by King Henry VI are a provision that writs and lawsuits against people who were later given knighthood "shall not abate for that cause," and another giving "licence to all the King's subjects to transport corn.source
  • 1432In the battle of San Romano, fought in Italy only 30 mi from the capital at Florence, the Republic of Florence cavalry and infantry, led by General Niccolò da Tolentino defeat the army of the Republic of Siena, led by Francesco Piccinino. The Renaissance painter Paolo Uccello later commemorates the event in a triptych painting.source
  • 1435The Siege of Paris begins as the French royalists of King Charles VII attempt to retake control of the French capital, defended by the supporters of England's King Henry VI. The siege lasts for 10 months but Paris is surrendered to the royalists on April 17.source
  • 1445In Hungary, the deadline passes for King Vladislaus I (who is also King Wladyslaw III of Poland), to return from the Crusade against the Ottoman Empire and to resume rule, and the 5-year-old Ladislaus the Posthumous is recognized as King of Hungary by the legislators of the Országgyűlés. To administer the kingdom of Hungary during the minority of Ladislaus, the Hungarian nobles elect seven "Captains in Chief"–John Hunyadi, Michael Ország, George Rozgonyi, Pongrác Szentmiklósi, Janos Jiskra, Miklos Újlaki and Emeric Bebek – to administer the kingdom Confirmation is made later that King Vladislaus had been killed almost seven months earlier at the November 10 Battle of Varna.source
  • 1455Novo Brdo, the last defense of Serbia, falls to the Ottoman Turks after a siege of 40 days. All high ranking Serbian officials are executed and younger men and boys are taken captive to serve in the Ottoman Army, while 700 women and girls are taken as wives by Ottoman commanders.source
  • 1464The Treaty of York, a 15-year-truce is signed by representatives of the kingdoms of England (ruled by King Edward IV) and Scotland (ruled by King James III).source
  • 1470Sten Sture is recognised as the new King of Sweden by the estates.source
  • 1472Sophia Palaiologina is married by proxy to the ruler of Russia, Ivan III, Grand Prince of Moscow, in a ceremony at St. Peter's Basilica in Rome, with his trusted emissary Ivan Fryazin serving as the proxy.source
  • 1479The University of Copenhagen is inaugurated by King Christian I of Denmark, seven months after he had issued a royal decree on October 4 establishing its creation.source
  • 1485King Matthias Corvinus of Hungary secures the surrender of Vienna, the Holy Roman Empire's capital, after a siege of four months. Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor, had departed the city before the siege began.source
  • 1495Brother John Cor of Lindores Abbey pays duty on 8 bolls of malt to the Exchequer in Scotland to make aqua vitae for King James IV; the record in the Exchequer Rolls is the first written reference to Scotch whisky.source
  • 1499Pedro Alonso Niño, who had accompanied Columbus on his first voyage to the New World in 1492, departs from Palos in Spain toward South America on a 7-month voyage to the New World. Niño sets sail in a small caravel with 33 mensource
  • 1500Pope Alexander VI issues the papal bull Quamvis ad amplianda, calling on a Roman Catholic crusade against the Ottoman Empire.source
  • 1533Cranmer crowns Anne Boleyn as queen consort of England, in Westminster Abbey.source
  • 1533Cartagena, Colombia, is founded by Pedro de Heredia.source
  • 1535The Conquest of Tunis by Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, begins with the destruction of Barbarossa's fleet. Following the eventual capture of the city from the Ottoman Empire, around 30,000 inhabitants are massacred.source
  • 1548Bharmal becomes the new raja of the Kingdom of Amber, in territory now occupied by India's Rajasthan state, upon the overthrow of his nephew, Askaran, Raja of Narwar, who had reigned for only 16 days.source
  • 1548The Japanese city of Uchiyama in Shinano Province (now in the Nagano Prefecture) is burned by the clan of Murakami Yoshikiyo after the February defeat of the Takeda clan at the Battle of Uedahara.source
  • 1555The Treaty of Amasya between the Ottoman Empire and Safavid Persia concludes the Ottoman-Safavid War.source
  • 1557July 2: the Parliament of Ireland, meeting in Dublin, passes acts confirming the creation of King's County (now County Offaly) and Queen's County (now County Laois) with their respective county towns of Philipstown and Maryborough; repeals statutes directed against the Roman Catholic Church; declares the monarchy of Ireland to rest in Mary I of England; and acknowledges the monarch's right to amend legislative proposals. James Stanihurst is Speaker of the Irish House of Commons.source
  • 1584With the death of the Duc d'Anjou, the Huguenot Henry of Navarre becomes heir-presumptive to the throne of France.source
  • 1599Bishops' Ban of 1599: The Archbishop of Canterbury, John Whitgift, and the Bishop of London, Richard Bancroft order a ban on a selection of literary works, including Microcynicon: Six Snarling Satires, by Thomas Middleton.source
  • 1605Russian troops in Moscow imprison Feodor II and his mother, later executing them.source
  • 1624The truce between Sweden and Poland expires, but is extended until March 1, 1625.source
  • 1637Royal troops, commanded by the Duke of Valette suppresses the Croquant revolt, resulting in over 1,000 deaths.source
  • 1641In Paris, representatives of Portugal and France sign a treaty of alliance.source
  • 1641Representatives of France and Portugal sign a treaty of alliance in Paris.source
  • 1642"Nineteen Propositions" are sent by the English House of Lords and House of Commons to Charles I, asking the King to consent to parliamentary approval for the members of his privy council, his chief officers, and new seats created for the House of Lords, as well as regulating the education and choice of marital partners of the King's children, and barring Roman Catholics from the Lords. The King's Answer, rejecting the Propositions, is read in Parliament on June 21.source
  • 1642Parliament approves the Nineteen Propositions to be sent to the King, demanding parliamentary control of the civil government of the kingdom.source
  • 1645English Civil War: Prince Rupert's army sacks Leicester.source
  • 1648The Roundheads defeat the Cavaliers at the Battle of Maidstone in the Second English Civil War.source
  • 1649Alexis, Tsar of the Russian Empire orders all English merchants to leave Moscow.source
  • 1649The Sumuroy Revolt begins in Northern Samar as Agustin Sumuroy, a Waray, and some of his followers rebel against the polo y servicio (forced labor system).source
  • 1657King Frederick III of Denmark signs a manifesto, de facto declaring war on Sweden.source
  • 1657Dano-Swedish War (1657–1658): King Frederick III of Denmark signs a manifesto de facto declaring war on Sweden.source
  • 1657The first eleven Quaker settlers arrive in New Amsterdam (later New York City), and are allowed to practice their faith.source
  • 1660Mary Dyer is hanged for defying a law banning Quakers from the Massachusetts Bay Colony.source
  • 1660The office of Secretary of State for the Southern Department begins operations in the Kingdom of Great Britain, with responsibility for the colonies of British America in what will later become Canada and the United States, as well as for Ireland and for the Channel Islands. Sir Edward Nicholas, a former British Secretary of State, takes office as the first Southern Department secretary.source
  • 1661At Edinburgh, the public execution of Presbyterian minister James Guthrie, followed by Captain William Govan, takes place at the Mercat Cross at Parliament Square, days after both have been convicted of treason for their roles in the execution of King Charles I. The heads are severed from the corpses and displayed on spikes in the square.source
  • 1662Zhu Youlang, the Yongli Emperor of Southern Ming, is captured in killed by forces led by Wu Sangui, while in Toungoo dynasty-ruled Burma. The last of the Ming dynasty pretenders have been defeated.source
  • 1670At Dover, England, Charles II of England and Louis XIV of France sign the Secret Treaty of Dover, ending hostilities between their kingdoms. Louis will give Charles 200,000 pounds annually. In return Charles will relax the laws against Catholics, gradually re-Catholicise England, support French policy against the Dutch Republic (leading England into the Third Anglo-Dutch War), and convert to Catholicism himself. The treaty is ratified three days later. The terms will not become public until the early 19th century. Louis is represented in the negotiations by Charles' sister Princess Henrietta, Duchess of Orléans, who dies suddenly soon after returning to France.source
  • 1670the secret Treaty of Dover is signed between King Charles II of England and Louis XIV of France, ending hostilities between their kingdoms. Louis will give Charles 200,000 pounds annually. In return Charles promises to relax the laws against Catholics, gradually re-Catholicize England, support French policy against the Dutch Republic (leading England into the Third Anglo-Dutch War), and convert to Catholicism himself when conditions permit. The treaty is ratified on 4 June. The terms will not become public until the early 19th century. Louis is represented in the negotiations by Charles' sister, Princess Henrietta, Duchess of Orléans, who dies suddenly on 30 June soon after returning to France.source
  • 1670At Dover, England, Louis XIV and Charles II of England sign the Secret Treaty of Dover, ending hostilities between their kingdoms. Louis will give Charles 200,000 pounds annually. In return, Charles will relax the laws against Catholics, gradually re-Catholicize England, support French policy against the Dutch Republic, and convert to Catholicism himself.source
  • 1672Münster and Cologne begin their invasion of the Dutch Republic; hence 1672 becomes known as het rampjaar ("the disaster year") in the Netherlands.source
  • 1675The Torsåker witch trials is concluded in Sweden with the execution of 71 people (65 of them women) executed on the same day at the village of Häxberget. The condemned prisoners are beheaded and their bodies are then burned.source
  • 1676Scanian War: Battle of Öland – A combined fleet of the Dutch Republic and Denmark–Norway decisively defeats the Swedish Navy, which loses its flagship Kronan.source
  • 1676The naval Battle of Öland results in a decisive Danish-Dutch victory against a Swedish fleet and Danish naval supremacy that was upheld throughout the war.source
  • 1676Danish victory in the Battle of Öland and Danish invasion of the Swedish province of Scania.source
  • 1677May 31 – June 1 - Battle of Møn.source
  • 1679Battle of Drumclog: A group of 200 Scottish Covenanters overwhelm a small Scottish Army unit, that had been pursuing them for the murder of Archbishop Sharp. The Covenanters, led by 19-year-old William Cleland, kill 36 of the Scottish soldiers.source
  • 1713June 1 (approx.) – Tuscarora War: Colonel James Moore leads the Carolina militia into the Pamlico Peninsula to defeat the Machapunga and Coree tribes.source
  • 1720British silversmiths are once again allowed to use sterling silver after 24 years of being limited to a higher quality (but softer) Britannia silver.source
  • 1720British silversmiths are once again allowed to use sterling silver after 24 years of being limited to a purer (but softer) Britannia silver.source
  • 1729Diederik Durven becomes the new Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (modern-day Indonesia) upon the death of Mattheus de Haan.source
  • 1730Enslaved woman Sally Basset is put on trial for murder in Bermuda; she will eventually be convicted and burned at the stake.source
  • 1740Plantation Act 1740 or Naturalization Act 1740 of the Parliament of Great Britain comes into effect providing for Protestant alien immigrants (including Huguenots, and also Jews) residing in the American colonies for 7 years to receive British nationality.source
  • 1740Plantation Act 1740 or Naturalization Act 1740 of the Parliament of Great Britain comes into effect providing for Protestant alien immigrants (including Huguenots, and also Jews) residing in the American colonies for 7 years to receive British nationality.source
  • 1748José de Escandón is designated by the Viceroy of New Spain as the first Royal Governor of Nuevo Santander. The area covered by the Viceroyalty's new province is now part of the Mexican state of Tamaulipas, and the part of the U.S. state of Texas south of the Guadalupe River (including San Antonio and Corpus Christi).source
  • 1748A fire in Moscow kills 482 people and destroys 5,000 buildings.source
  • 1752Murder Act 1751 comes into effect, providing that the bodies of hanged murderers should suffer public dissection or (for men) hanging in the gibbet.source
  • 1773The Treaty of Tsarskoye Selo is signed by Denmark and Russia.source
  • 1777Patrick Henry is sworn in for his second term as the first Governor of Virginia.source
  • 1779American Revolutionary War – Benedict Arnold is court-martialed for malfeasance, in his treatment of government property.source
  • 1783Domingo Elizondo, soldier (born 1710)source
  • 1792Kentucky becomes the 15th state of the United States of America.source
  • 1792Kentucky becomes the 15th state of The United States of America (see History of Kentucky).source
  • 1794May 28–June 1 – The Glorious First of June (Battle of Ushant): The British win a crushing tactical victory over the French fleet, but the merchant convoy escorted by the French fleet arrives safely in France.source
  • 1794May 30–June 4 – Battle of Port-Républicain: British troops capture Port-au-Prince in Haiti from the French.source
  • 1796Tennessee is admitted as the 16th U.S. state.source
  • 1796The French-Republican army divisions of the Army of Italy invade the territories of Venice.source
  • 1802The United States Patent and Trademark Office is established within the Department of State.source
  • 1802William Thornton is appointed the first superintendent of the United States Patent Office.source
  • 1802At Huế, shortly before his conquest of Tonkin, Nguyen Anh is crowned as the Emperor Gia Long, the first ruler of the Nguyễn dynasty in Vietnam.source
  • 1803Alexander, Captain Robert Rhodes, arrives in Port Jackson with Teina aboard. Teina is the first Māori recorded to have left New Zealand since Tuki and Huru in 1793. Teina may have been related to Huru while the Sydney Gazette reports that Tuki spoke with the Alexander, possibly when it visited Doubtless Bay.source
  • 1805May 31–June 2 – Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Diamond Rock – A Franco-Spanish fleet captures the strategic island of Diamond Rock off Martinique in the West Indies, from the British.source
  • 1805Tuscan-born composer Luigi Boccherini is buried in the Basílica pontificia de San Miguel in Madrid after being found dead on May 28.source
  • 1812War of 1812: U.S. President James Madison asks the U.S. Congress to declare war on Great Britain.source
  • 1813War of 1812: Capture of USS Chesapeake in Boston Harbor by British Royal Navy frigate HMS Shannon.source
  • 1813The English frigate "Shannon" takes the "Chesapeake," in 15 minutes, off Boston.source
  • 1816Andrew Bent starts regular publication of the Hobart Town Gazette and Southern Reporter.source
  • 1817The Legion of Merit of Chile is established by Bernardo O'Higgins to recognize personal merit.source
  • 18261 June–31 August – A three-month heat wave and drought grips the country. With a mean temperature of 17.60 °C, it is the hottest summer on CET records since 1659, until 1976 and 2025, meaning that it is the third hottest summer in the CET records.source
  • 1828The Saundersfoot Railway and Harbour Company is formed.source
  • 1829Wishaw and Coltness Railway incorporated.source
  • 1829The Philadelphia Inquirer is founded in the U.S. as The Pennsylvania Inquirer.source
  • 1831British Royal Navy officer James Clark Ross locates the position of the North Magnetic Pole, at this time on the Boothia Peninsula.source
  • 1831One of Goldsworthy Gurney’s steam road coaches suffers a boiler explosion in Glasgow.source
  • 1835Kingston Penitentiary opens in Kingston, Ontario.source
  • 1835Official opening of the Kingston Penitentiary.source
  • 1837First inner-city land sale in Melbourne.source
  • 1838Parliament approves government loan of 2 million Belgian francs for building highways and railways.source
  • 1847The first congress of the Communist League is held in London.source
  • 1848Foundation of Neue Rheinische Zeitungsource
  • 1849June 1 8-German revolutions of 1848–49: The chamber of the Frankfurt Parliament, since reduced to a rump parliament and moved to Stuttgart, was occupied by the Württemberg army. Repression began, which would force the liberal Forty-Eighters into exile.source
  • 1850The transportation of British convicts to Western Australia begins, as the transportation of British convicts to other parts of Australia is phased out, when the ship Scindian arrives in Fremantle, with 75 male prisoners.source
  • 1850The postage stamp issues of Austria begin with a series of imperforate typographed stamps, featuring the coat of arms.source
  • 1850The 1850 United States census shows that 11.2% of the population classed as "Negro" are of mixed race.source
  • 1850First convicts arrive in Western Australia, ticket-of-leave transportation suspended in New South Wales.source
  • 1857Second Anglo-Chinese War: Battle of Fatshan Creek – The British Royal Navy defeats the Cantonese fleet of Qing dynasty China.source
  • 1857Opening of the Crumlin Viaduct, built to carry the Taff Vale Extension of the Newport, Abergavenny and Hereford Railway.source
  • 1867Greatest recorded flood of the Hawkesbury River at 19.2 metres.source
  • 1868The Treaty of Bosque Redondo is signed, allowing the Navajo to return to their lands in Arizona and New Mexico.source
  • 1869the telephone company Det Store Nordiske Telegrafselskab A/S, present-day GN Store Nord A/S, is founded as the result of merging three recently established telephone companies.source
  • 1869The Cincinnati Red Stockings open the baseball season as the first fully professional team.source
  • 1871Bombardment of the Selee River Forts: Koreans attack two United States Navy warships.source
  • 1871Victor Hugo expelled from Belgium for endangering the public peace after publishing a letter in L'Indépendance Belge of 26 May criticising the Belgian government's attitude to Communard refugees.source
  • 1875Construction begins on the Canadian Pacific Railway.source
  • 1878The General Postal Union is renamed the Universal Postal Union (UPU).source
  • 1878British clipper Loch Ard is wrecked off the Shipwreck Coast of Victoria (Australia) with the loss of 52 lives and only 2 survivors.source
  • 1878The clipper ship Loch Ard is wrecked at Mutton Bird Island, just off the Shipwreck Coast of Victoria; 45 die, only two lives are saved.source
  • 1880Tinius Olsen is awarded a United States Patent, for the Little Giant Testing Machine.source
  • 1880United States Census is 50,155,783. More than 100,000 Chinese men and 3,000 Chinese women are living in the western United States.source
  • 1881Cape Midland – Cookhouse to Cradock, 54 mi 73 ch.source
  • 1885The Cambridge News starts publication. It is produced three times a week. The newspaper closed in 1889.source
  • 1890The United States Census Bureau begins using Herman Hollerith's tabulating machine to record census returns using punched card input, a landmark in the history of computing hardware. Hollerith's company eventually becomes IBM.source
  • 1890The United States Census Bureau begins using Herman Hollerith's tabulating machine to tabulate census returns using punched card input, a landmark in the history of computing hardware. Hollerith's company eventually becomes IBM. The 1890 United States census determines the US population to be 62,979,766, an increase of 25.5 percent relative to the 1880 census.source
  • 1891The Johnstown Inclined Plane opens in Johnstown, Pennsylvania.source
  • 1896Institut für Serumforschung und Serumprüfung in Berlin is opened.source
  • 1897Opening of Matsugishi Station in Chōshi, Chiba.source
  • 1898The Trans-Mississippi Exposition World's Fair opens, in Omaha, Nebraska.source
  • 1898HNoMS Storm is launched, one of the oldest ships still in front line service in the Second World Warsource
  • 1905The Lewis and Clark Centennial Exposition opens in Portland, Oregon.source
  • 1913The Greek–Serbian Treaty of Alliance is signed, paving the way for the Second Balkan War.source
  • 1913Pro Vercelli wins the 1912–13 Italian Football Championship.source
  • 1914Woodrow Wilson's envoy, Edward Mandell House, meets Kaiser Wilhelm II.source
  • 1916May 31–June 1 – WWI: Battle of Jutland, between the British Royal Navy's Grand Fleet and the Imperial German Navy's High Seas Fleet in the North Sea, the war's only large-scale clash of battleships. The result is tactically inconclusive, but British dominance of the North Sea is maintainedsource
  • 1916Miners' wages in the South Wales Coalfield are increased by 15%.source
  • 1918First report of Spanish flu in Budapest newspaperssource
  • 1920Adelaide has its wettest June day on record from a vigorous cold front with 53.6 millimetres setting the scene for the wettest winter on record in the Murray–Darling basin and second-wettest for all of southern Australia.source
  • 1921May 31–June 1 – Tulsa Race Massacre (Greenwood Massacre): Mobs of white residents attack black residents and businesses in Greenwood District, Tulsa, Oklahoma. The official death toll is 36, but later investigations suggest an actual figure between 100 and 300. 1,250 homes are destroyed and roughly 6,000 African Americans imprisoned in one of the worst incidents of mass racial violence in the United States.source
  • 1922Bolshevik forces defeat Basmachi troops, under Enver Pasha.source
  • 1922The first issue of the magazine Krestyanka is published in Russia.source
  • 1928Driving on the right side introduced in Portugal (5 o'clock in the morning)source
  • 1929The 1st Conference of the Communist Parties of Latin America is held in Buenos Aires.source
  • 1929The 1st Conference of the Communist Parties of Latin America opens in Buenos Aires.source
  • 1931In a general election, the National Union, an alliance of the National Party, the National Liberal Party, the German Party, the Agrarian Union Party, the Vlad Ţepeş League, the Agrarian League and several other parties wins 49% of the vote.source
  • 1933Leonard Tilley becomes premier of New Brunswick, replacing Charles Richardssource
  • 1933The Federal University of São Paulo is founded in São Paulo, Brazil.source
  • 1939With the National Renaissance Front the only party allowed to stand, In the general election, Armand Călinescu is elected prime minister.source
  • 1939Nippon Electric Works and Showa Fertilizer were merger, becomes name was Showa Denko.source
  • 1939The submarine HMS Thetis sinks during trials in Red Wharf Bay, Anglesey. At least 98 men are lost.source
  • 1940Sale of the neutralist Derry Journal in Northern Ireland is prohibited for four days.source
  • 1940WWII: Rear Admiral Sir W. Frederic Wake-Walker's flagship, the destroyer Keith, is sunk by Stukas at Dunkirk.source
  • 1942The Grand Coulee Dam is finished on the Columbia River in the United States.source
  • 1943BOAC Flight 777, a scheduled passenger flight, is shot down over the Bay of Biscay by German Junkers Ju 88s; all 17 persons aboard perish, including actor Leslie Howard.source
  • 1944Two K-class blimps of the United States Navy complete the first transatlantic crossing by non-rigid airships, from the U.S. to French Morocco, with two stops.source
  • 1946D'Argenlieu, French High Commissioner for Indo-China, recognizes an autonomous "Republic of Cochin-China" in violation of the March 6 Ho–Sainteny agreement, opening the way for conflict between the Viet Minh and France.source
  • 1946Transvaal: Ogies to Vandyksdrif, 21 mi 30 ch.source
  • 1948Puma, a global sports goods brand, is founded in Bavaria, West Germany, by Rudolf Dassler, having split from his brother "Adi".source
  • 1949Japanese National Railways become independent of the Ministry of Transportation.source
  • 1950June 1–23 – Mauna Loa in Hawaii starts erupting.source
  • 1952Navigation opens on the Volga–Don Canal, connecting the Caspian Sea basin with that of the Black Sea.source
  • 1952The Roman Catholic Church bans the books of André Gide.source
  • 1953Uprising in Plzeň: Currency reform causes riots in Czechoslovakia.source
  • 1955Joseph Bech leads a delegation to the three-day Messina Conference on European integration.source
  • 1956Vyacheslav Molotov resigns as foreign minister of the Soviet Union; he later becomes ambassador to Mongolia.source
  • 1957Launch of the first Ayanami-class destroyer warship by the JMSDF.source
  • 1958Charles de Gaulle is brought out of retirement at Colombey-les-Deux-Églises to lead France by decree for 6 months.source
  • 19581958 Albanian parliamentary electionsource
  • 1958Iceland extends its fishing limits to 12 miles (22.2 km).source
  • 1959During exploratory oil drilling at Kapuni in South Taranaki, drillers appear to strike natural gas.source
  • 1960New Zealand's first television station begins broadcasting, in the city of Auckland.source
  • 1960In a record that still stands, a 114-pound roosterfish was caught by fisherman Abe Sackheim at La Paz, Baja California Sur.source
  • 1961The Canadian Bank of Commerce and the Imperial Bank of Canada merge to form the Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce.source
  • 1961Ethiopia experiences its most devastating earthquake of the 20th century, with a magnitude of 6.7. The town of Majete is destroyed, 45% of the houses in Karakore collapse, 17 km of the main road north of Karakore are damaged by landslides and fissures, and 5,000 inhabitants in the area are left homeless.source
  • 1964Pakistan acquires from the United States its first submarine, the PNS Ghazi.source
  • 1965A coal mine explosion in Fukuoka, Japan, kills 237.source
  • 19661966–67 Balkans Cup: Albania defeats Bulgaria 2-0 at Qemal Stafa Stadium, Tiranasource
  • 1969May 26–June 2 – John Lennon and Yoko Ono conduct their second bed-in. The follow-up to the Amsterdam event is held at the Queen Elizabeth Hotel in Montreal, Quebec. Lennon composes and records the song "Give Peace a Chance" during the event.source
  • 1970Soyuz 9, a two-man spacecraft, is launched from the Soviet Union for an orbital flight of nearly 18 days, an endurance record at this time.source
  • 1970Assassination of Pedro Eugenio Aramburu: Former de facto President of Argentina is extrajudicially executed by Montoneros three days after being kidnapped from his Buenos Aires apartment.source
  • 1972The Iraq Petroleum Company was completely nationalized by the government of Iraq, through its Public Law 69, making the company part of the state-owned Iraq National Oil Company.source
  • 1973The Greek military junta abolishes the monarchy and proclaims a republic.source
  • 1974In an informal article in a medical journal, Henry Heimlich introduced the concept of abdominal thrusts, commonly known as the Heimlich maneuver, to treat victims of choking.source
  • 1976The United Kingdom and Iceland end the Third Cod War, with the UK accepting Iceland's extension of its territorial waters to 200 nautical miles in exchange for defined fishing rights.source
  • 1978The 1978 FIFA World Cup starts in Argentina.source
  • 1979The first black-led government of Rhodesia in 90 years takes power, in succession to Ian Smith and under his power-sharing deal, in the unrecognized republic of Zimbabwe Rhodesia.source
  • 1979The Vizianagaram district is formed in Andhra Pradesh, India.source
  • 1979The Seattle SuperSonics win the NBA Championship against the Washington Bullets.source
  • 1980The first 24-hour news channel, Cable News Network (CNN), is launched.source
  • 1981Football club N.E.C. is established in Nijmegen as a team expansion of SC NEC.source
  • 1983Inflation reaches 32.4%, this being the maximum peak of the crisis of 1982, this being the third most important economic crisis in the history of Chile only surpassed by the economic crisis of 1929 and the economic crisis of 1973 during the socialist government of Salvador Allende which, with 606% inflation, was the biggest economic crisis in the history of the country.source
  • 1984The founding of Compal Electronics.source
  • 1985Paul Philipp is appointed head coach of the Luxembourg national football team.source
  • 1987Asahi TV starts broadcasting the popular short factual television programme See the World by Train (世界の車窓から)source
  • 1988May 29–June 3 – The Moscow Summit meeting between U.S. President Ronald Reagan and General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Mikhail Gorbachev takes place, where the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF) was finalized.source
  • 1989June 1–10 – Pope John Paul II visits Norway, Iceland, Finland, Denmark and Sweden.source
  • 1990Cold War: U.S. President George H. W. Bush and Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev sign a treaty to end chemical weapon production and begin destroying their respective stocks.source
  • 1990A formal complaint is filed by Americas Watch with Carla Hills, the US Trade Representative, questioning Colombia's eligibility for trade benefits under the Generalized System of Preferences on the basis of labor rights violations and unionist persecution.source
  • 1990Members of the Provisional Irish Republican Army shoot and kill Major Michael Dillon-Lee and Private William Robert Davies of the British Army. Dillon-Lee is killed outside his home in Dortmund, Germany and Davies is killed at a railway station in Lichfield, England.source
  • 1993President of Guatemala Jorge Serrano Elías is forced to flee the country after an attempted self-coup.source
  • 1993Large protests erupt against Slobodan Milošević's regime in Belgrade; opposition leader Vuk Drašković and his wife Danica are arrested.source
  • 1996June 1–3 – The Czech Republic's first general election ends inconclusively. Prime Minister Václav Klaus and his incumbent Civic Democratic Party emerge as the winners, but are unable to form a majority government. President Václav Havel refuses to invite Klaus to form a coalition.source
  • 1997Socialist Party-led Centre-left coalition won the second-round in 1997 French legislative elections, began with the third Cohabitation (1997–2002).source
  • 1997June 1–7: Tropical Storm Andres (1997)source
  • 1998The European Central Bank is established, replacing the European Monetary Institute.source
  • 1999Napster, a music downloading service, is created; it would later inspire other file-sharing sites such as The Pirate Bay, LimeWire, Gnutella, Kazaa, Morpheus, BearShare, and ΜTorrent 1999–2010 period which some called the "Second Golden Age of Piracy".source
  • 1999American Airlines Flight 1420 crash lands after overrunning the runway at Little Rock National Airport, killing 11 of the 145 people on board.source
  • 2001Nepalese royal massacre.source
  • 2001Dolphinarium discotheque bombing: A Hamas suicide bomber kills 21 people, mostly teenagers, in the Dolphinarium disco in Tel Aviv, Israel.source
  • 2003The Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty comes into effect between Russia and the United States.source
  • 2004The United Nations Stabilisation Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH) peacekeeping mission begins in Haiti.source
  • 2004Minister of Economy Roberto Lavagna offers Argentine bond holders to exchange the debt with a steep discount (around 60% nominal).source
  • 2004June 1 The National Emergency Management Agency is formed.source
  • 2004Nguyễn Quang Thường, Deputy General Director of PetroVietnam, was arrested.source
  • 200818-year-old Pamela Jelimo runs a new women's 800 metres African Record. The previous one was held by Maria de Lurdes Mutola of Mozambique.source
  • 2009Algerian Minister of Energy and Mines, Chakib Kelil, says that hydrocarbons revenues in 2009 will likely vary between $40 and $45 billion. He estimates that oil prices may reach $70 to $75 per barrel in 2010 if the United States and European economies recover. Until the conclusion of this year Kelil surmises oil prices will stabilize between $60 and $65 per barrel.source
  • 2009Air France Flight 447, en route from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, to Paris, crashes into the Atlantic Ocean, killing all 228 on board.source
  • 2016The Gotthard Base Tunnel, the world's longest and deepest railway tunnel, is opened following two decades of construction work.source
  • 2017Amidst widespread criticism, the U.S. government announces its decision to withdraw from the Paris Climate Agreement in due time.source
  • 2018Giuseppe Conte becomes the new Prime Minister of Italy, leading a cabinet described as the "first modern populist government in Western Europe".source
  • 2018May 28–June 7 – The 2018 Stanley Cup Final are played between the Washington Capitals and the Vegas Golden Knights and won by the former.source
  • 2019Liverpool F.C win their 6th UEFA Champions League title against fellow English club Tottenham Hotspur F.C. 2–0 at the Metropolitano Stadium, with goals from Mohamed Salah and Divock Origi.source
  • 2020New legislation restricts outdoor work in extreme heat, prohibiting work from 10 a.m. to 3:30 p.m. and stopping work at wet-bulb globe temperatures above 32.1 °C.source
  • 2020Kivu Ebola epidemic: The World Health Organization reports six new cases of Ebola, and UNICEF reports five deaths, in a renewed outbreak of the disease in Mbandaka, Équateur Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo.source
  • 2022Taiwan imposes an export ban of all modern computer chips to Russia and Belarus, as well as any technology and equipment used to manufacture them.source
  • 2024The 2024 Indian general election, which began on April 19, concludes. In the Lok Sabha, the BJP party loses its outright majority, but its electoral alliance, the National Democratic Alliance, retains its majority.source
  • 2024June 1–29 – The 2024 ICC Men's T20 World Cup is co-hosted by the West Indies and the United States, and is won by India.source
  • 20252025 Polish presidential election: Karol Nawrocki is narrowly elected President of Poland in the second round of voting, beating Rafał Trzaskowski.source

Births

  • 1134Geoffrey VI, count of Nantes (died 1158)source
  • 1300Thomas of Brotherton, English nobleman and prince (died 1338)source
  • 1451Giles Daubeney, 1st Baron Daubeney, English soldier, diplomat, courtier and politician (died 1508)source
  • 1455Anne of Savoy, Savoy royal (died 1480)source
  • 1460Enno I, Count of East Frisia (1466–1491) (died 1491)source
  • 1480Tiedemann Giese, Catholic bishop from Danzig (Gdańsk) in Poland (died 1550)source
  • 1498Maarten van Heemskerck, Dutch painter (died 1574)dsource
  • 1503Wilhelm von Grumbach, German adventurer (died 1567)source
  • 1525Caspar Peucer, German reformer (died 1602)source
  • 1531János Zsámboky, Hungarian scholar (died 1584)source
  • 1563Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury, English statesman and spymaster (died 1612)source
  • 1633Geminiano Montanari, Italian astronomer (died 1687)source
  • 1634Roeloff Swartwout, American city founder in New York (died 1715)source
  • 1637Jacques Marquette, French Jesuit missionary and explorer (died 1675)source
  • 1675Francesco Scipione, marchese di Maffei, Italian archaeologist (died 1755)source
  • 1693Alexey Bestuzhev-Ryumin, Russian diplomat, chancellor of the Russian Empire (died 1768)source
  • 1780Carl von Clausewitz, Prussian military strategist (died 1831)source
  • 1801Brigham Young, American Mormon leader, colonizer (died 1877)source
  • 1804Mikhail Glinka, Russian composer (died 1857)source
  • 1804George Sand, French writer (died 1876)source
  • 1831John Bell Hood, American Confederate general (died 1879)source
  • 1833John Marshall Harlan, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (died 1911)source
  • 1907Frank Whittle, British jet engine developer (died 1996)source
  • 1926Marilyn Monroe, American actress (died 1962)source
  • 1937Morgan Freeman, African-American actorsource
  • 1961Yevgeny Prigozhin, Russian oligarch, mercenary chief and restaurateur (died 2023)source
  • 1974Akis Zikos, footballer and coachsource
  • 1975Nikol Pashinyan, Armenian politician, Prime Minister of Armeniasource
  • 1988Javier Hernández, Mexican footballersource

Deaths

  • 195 BCEGaozu of Han (or Gao), first emperor of the Chinese Han dynasty, who has ruled since 202 BC (born 256 or 247 BC)source
  • 193Didius Julianus, Roman emperor (assassinated)source
  • 273Reverianus, Christian bishopsource
  • 352Ran Min, Chinese emperor "Heavenly King" (Tian Wang)source
  • 654Pyrrhus, patriarch of Constantinoplesource
  • 657Pope Eugene I dies at Rome after a reign of nearly 2½ years. He is succeeded by Vitalian as the 76th pope.source
  • 829Li Tongjie, general of the Tang dynastysource
  • 840Wigstan, king of Mercia, murdered (probable date)source
  • 847Xiao, empress dowager of Tang dynasty Chinasource
  • 896Theodosius Romanus, Syriac Orthodox patriarch of Antiochsource
  • 932Thietmar, duke of Saxonysource
  • 949Godfrey, Frankish nobleman (approximate date)source
  • 1048Minamoto no Yorinobu, Japanese samurai (born 968)source
  • 1057Íñigo of Oña, Spanish Benedictine abbotsource
  • 1146Ermengarde of Anjou, French duchess and regentsource
  • 1186Minamoto no Yukiie, Japanese warlordsource
  • 1220Henry de Bohun, 1st Earl of Hereford (born 1176)source
  • 1310Marguerite Porete, French mystic and authorsource
  • 1354Kitabatake Chikafusa, Japanese court noble (born 1293)source
  • 1432Dan II, five times Prince of Wallachia (killed in battle against Ottomans)source
  • 1434King Wladislaus II of Poland (age unknown)source
  • 1449Polissena Sforza, Lady of Rimini (born 1428)source
  • 1477Charlotte de Brézé, French countess (born 1446)source
  • 1568A mass execution is carried out in the Spanish Netherlands at Sablon, near Brussels, as 18 persons who signed the Compromise of Nobles on April 5, 1566, are beheaded.source
  • 1586Martín de Azpilcueta, Spanish theologian and economist (born 1491)source
  • 1616Tokugawa Ieyasu, Japanese shōgun (born 1543)source
  • 1625Honoré d'Urfé, novelist (born 1568)source
  • 1639Niels Simonssøn Glostrup, bishop.source
  • 1660Mary Dyer, English Quaker (hanged) (born c. 1611)source
  • 1660Mary Dyer, Quaker, hanged in Boston, Massachusetts (born c. 1611)source
  • 1662Zhu Youlang, the 4th and last emperor of the Southern Ming dynasty of China (born 1623)source
  • 1664Michiel Sweerts, Flemish painter (born 1618)source
  • 1688Peder Hansen Resen, historian (born 1625)source
  • 1740Samuel Werenfels, Swiss theologian (born 1657)source
  • 1769Edward Holyoke, American President of Harvard University (born 1689)source
  • 1815Louis-Alexandre Berthier, French marshal (born 1753)source
  • 1823Louis-Nicolas Davout, French marshal (born 1770)source
  • 1828Lyncoya Jackson, second adopted son of American President Andrew Jackson (born c. 1811)source
  • 1830Swaminarayan (Sahajanand Swami), Indian yogi, central figure in Swaminarayan Hinduism (born 1781)source
  • 1841Nicolas Appert, French inventor (born 1749)source
  • 1841David Wilkie, Scottish artist (born 1785)source
  • 1846Pope Gregory XVI (born 1765)source
  • 1864Hong Xiuquan, Chinese rebel (born 1814)source
  • 1868James Buchanan, 15th President of the United States (born 1791)source
  • 1876Hristo Botev, Bulgarian revolutionary (born 1848)source
  • 1879Anglo-Zulu War: Louis-Napoléon, Prince Imperial of France, son of Napoléon III, is killed in a skirmish with Zulus while attached to the British Army.source
  • 1879Napoléon, Prince Imperial, son of French Emperor Napoleon III (born 1856)source
  • 1927Lizzie Borden, American woman accused and acquitted of parricide (born 1860)source
  • 1946Ion Antonescu, prime minister and "Conducator" (Leader) of Romania during World War II, is executed: he was found guilty of betraying the Romanian people for the benefit of Germany and sentenced to death by the Bucharest People's Tribunal.source
  • 1946Ion Antonescu, Romanian soldier, politician, 43rd Prime Minister of Romania and Romanian dictator (executed) (born 1882)source
  • 1952John Dewey, American philosopher (born 1859)source
  • 1960Teodoro Picado Michalskisource
  • 1962Adolf Eichmann, German SS officer and a major organiser of the Holocaust (executed) (born 1906)source
  • 1968Helen Keller, American activist and spokeswoman for the deaf and blind (born 1880)source
  • 2008Yves Saint Laurent, 71, French fashion designer, founder of Yves Saint Laurent brand, brain cancer.source