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Kingdom of Hungary

Central European monarchy (1000–1946)

75 dated entries naming Kingdom of Hungary, drawn from 66 separate years between 975 CE and 1921 CE. Nothing here is written by us: each line is the sentence a Wikipedia year article used, and the link beside it opens the exact revision.

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10th century

  • 975Stephen I, king of Hungary (approximate date)source
  • 997Géza (or Gejza), Grand Prince of Hungarysource
  • 1000The Kingdom of Hungary was established in 1000 as a Christian state. In the next centuries, the Kingdom of Hungary became the pre-eminent cultural power in the Central European region. On December 25, Stephen I was crowned as the first King of Hungary in Esztergom.source

11th century

  • 1015Andrew I ("the Catholic"), king of Hungary (d. 1060)source
  • 1038August 15 – Stephen I, king of Hungarysource
  • 1038August 15 – On the death of his uncle, Stephen I, Peter Orseolo becomes the second ruler of Hungary.source
  • 1040Géza I (Magnus), king of Hungary (approximate date)source
  • 1044July 6 – Battle of Ménfő: German troops under King Henry III ("the Black") defeat the Hungarian army, led by King Samuel Aba, who flees the field but is captured and killed. Peter Orseolo ("the Venetian") becomes (for the second time) king of Hungary, and a vassal of the Holy Roman Empire.source
  • 1044July 6 – Samuel Aba, palatine and king of Hungarysource
  • 1046Vata pagan uprising in the Kingdom of Hungary: Peter, King of Hungary ("the Venetian"), is overthrown after a 2-year reign and perhaps executed. Bishops Gerard of Csanád and Bystrík (or Bestricus) are stoned to death in Budapest.source
  • 1053Solomon (or Salomon), king of Hungary (d. 1087)source
  • 1053December – Conrad I, duke of Bavaria, is summoned to a Christmas court at Merseburg, and deposed by Emperor Henry III. He flees to King Andrew I in Hungary, and joins a coalition with the rebellious Welf III, duke of Carinthia. Henry's 4-year-old son Henry becomes the new duke of Bavaria.source
  • 1058Synadene, queen consort of Hungary (approximate date)source
  • 1058September 20 – Empress Agnes de Poitou and King Andrew I ("the White") of Hungary meet to negotiate about the border zone in Burgenland (modern Austria).source
  • 1059Peter Orseolo ("the Venetian"), king of Hungary (possible date)source
  • 1074March 14 – Battle of Mogyoród: King Solomon is defeated by his cousins, Duke Géza I and Ladislaus I. He is dethroned and Géza becomes the new ruler of Hungary.source
  • 1077April 25 – Géza I ("Magnus"), king of Hungarysource
  • 1090May 3 – Adelaide of Rheinfelden, queen consort of Hungarysource
  • 1092May 21 – Synod of Szabolcs: King Ladislaus I of Hungary assembles a council of the prelates of his kingdom at the fortress of Szabolcs.source
  • 1095July 29 – Ladislaus I, king of Hungarysource

12th century

  • 1101Stephen II, king of Hungary and Croatia (d. 1131), and his twin Ladislaussource
  • 1107Spring – Duke Bolesław III along with his ally King Coloman of Hungary, invades Bohemia in order to aid Duke Svatopluk in gaining the Bohemian throne. The Polish expedition is a complete success: on May 14 Svatopluk is installed as Duke of Bohemia in Prague. King Henry V demands tribute from Svatopluk as his overlord and vassal of the Holy Roman Empire.source
  • 1108Autumn – The Principality of Nitra ceases to exist, after King Coloman of Hungary, deposes its last ruler, Álmos, duke of Croatia.source
  • 1109Béla II, king of Hungary and Croatia (d. 1141)source
  • 1116February 3 – Coloman, King of Hungary ("the Learned") dies after a 21-year reign in which he has consolidated the feudal system in Hungary and expanded the frontier (partly by overthrowing Petar Snačić, king of Croatia).source
  • 1116February 3 – Coloman ("the Learned"), king of Hungarysource
  • 1126Summer – Emperor John II Komnenos re-confirms the treaty of 1082. This ends the hostilities with Hungary and Venice. John secures Braničevo, and recovers the region of Sirmium on the Danube, but is forced by Venice to renew the exclusive commercial privileges.source
  • 1128Byzantine–Hungarian War: Emperor John II Komnenos defeats the Hungarians and their Serbian allies at the fortress of Haram (or Chramon), which is modern-day Nova Palanka.source
  • 1131Ladislaus II, king of Hungary and Croatia (d. 1163)source
  • 1147Stephen III, king of Hungary and Croatia (d. 1172)source
  • 1148Béla III, king of Hungary and Croatia (d. 1196)source
  • 1157Margaret of France, Queen of England and Hungary, Queen of England by marriage to Henry the Young King and queen of Hungary and Croatia by marriage to Béla III of Hungary (d. 1197)source
  • 1162July 15 – Ladislaus II, duke of Bosnia, is declared king of Hungary and Croatia. He is crowned by Archbishop Mikó and grants one-third of the kingdom to his brother, Stephen IV.source
  • 1162May 31 – Géza II, king of Hungary and Croatia (b. 1130)source
  • 1181King Béla III of Hungary and Croatia goes to war with Venice in an effort to recover Dalmatia. The city of Zadar (located on the Adriatic Sea) accepts Béla's suzerainty.source
  • 1196April 23 – Béla III of Hungary dies after a 23-year reign in which he has supported the former Byzantine emperor Isaac II Angelos against the invading Bulgarians. Having made the Hungarian court one of the most brilliant in Europe and made his hereditary monarchy. Béla is succeeded by his 22-year-old son Emeric as ruler of Hungary, Croatia and Dalmatia (until 1204).source
  • 1196April 23 – Béla III, king of Hungary and Croatia (b. 1148)source

13th century

  • 1202September 8 – Enrico Dandolo takes the cross and agrees to lead a Venetian force, which, in an outburst of Crusading enthusiasm, reaches some 21,000 men – the largest contingent of the Fourth Crusade. He proclaims the debts will be wiped if the Crusaders take the 'rebel' Dalmatian city of Zara (modern-day Zadar) which has pledged its loyalty to Emeric, king of Hungary and Croatia. The Zara proposal causes disquiet in the Crusader ranks and also upsets Pope Innocent III who threatens to excommunicate those who attack Zara.source
  • 1205May 29 – Andrew II, brother of the late King Emeric, is crowned ruler of Hungary and Croatia at Székesfehérvár, after his 5-year-old nephew, Ladislaus III, suddenly dies in Vienna. Andrew introduces a new policy for royal grants, which he calls "new institutions". He distributes large portions of his domain–such as royal castles and all estates attached to them–to supporters and Hungarian nobles.source
  • 1205May 7 – Ladislaus III, king of Hungary and Croatia (b. 1200)source
  • 1215Beatrice d'Este, queen consort of Hungary (d. 1245)source
  • 1222December 15 – The Golden Bull of 1222 is issued in Hungary, limiting the power of the monarchy over the nobility.source
  • 1225The Teutonic Knights are expelled from Transylvania by King Andrew II, because they wanted to separate from Hungary.source
  • 1279August 5 – The Diet of Hungary adopts the so-called Cuman laws to regulate the social status and lifestyle of the nomadic and pagan Cumans living in the Kingdom of Hungary.source

14th century

  • 1335Congress of Visegrád: The monarchs of Bohemia, Hungary, and Poland form an anti-Habsburg alliance.source
  • 1342July 16 – Louis I becomes king of Hungary.source
  • 1359earliest possible date – Bogdan I becomes Prince of Moldavia (modern-day Moldova) after freeing it from Hungarian control. He will be ancestor of the House of Bogdan, who will rule Moldavia for more than three centuries.source
  • 1369Venice repels a Hungarian invasion.source
  • 1375May 1 – The third war between the Kingdom of Hungary and the Ottoman Empire as the 40,000 Hungarian troops, led by King Lajos of Hungary depart from Várad (now Oradea in Romania) and march into the Principality of Wallachia, whose ruler, Vladislav, has recently changed his alliance from Hungary to the Ottoman sultanate.source
  • 1386February 24 – Elizabeth of Bosnia, the mother of the overthrown Queen Mary of Hungary and Croatia, arranges the assassination of Charles III of Naples, the ruler of Hungary, Naples, Achaea and Croatia, with the result that Mary is reinstated as Queen of Hungary and Croatia; Charles' son, Ladislaus, becomes King of Naples; and a period of interregnum begins in Achaea, lasting until 1396. The rule of Achaea is sought by numerous pretenders, none of whom can be considered to have reigned.source
  • 1395May 17 – Mary of Hungary dies, ending of the reign of Hungary by the Capet-Anjou family. Her co-reigning estranged husband, King Sigismund, becomes sole ruler of Hungary.source

15th century

  • 1402Moldavia becomes a vassal of the Kingdom of Poland in order to protect itself from an invasion by Hungary.source
  • 1409The Republic of Venice purchases the port of Zadar from Hungary.source
  • 1430April 28 – The Hussites defeat Hungarian and Serbian troops in the Battle of Nagyszombat in an invasion of the Kingdom of Hungary near Nagyszombat (now Trnava in Slovakia).source
  • 1440April – Ottoman Sultan Murad II begins the siege of Belgrade, at this time part of the Kingdom of Hungary following the conquest of Serbia. The fortress is heavily damaged, but the defenders' use of artillery prevents the Turks from capturing the city, and the siege ends after six months.source
  • 1444August 15 – The Peace of Szeged is signed between the Turkish Ottoman Empire and Hungary.source
  • 1454Isaac Zarfati sends a circular letter to Rhineland, Swabia, Moravia and Hungary, praising the happy conditions of the Jews under the crescent, in contrast to the "great torture chamber" under the cross, and urging them to come to the Ottoman Empire.source
  • 1458January 24 – Matthias Corvinus becomes king of Hungary, at age 14.source
  • 1474February 21 – The Treaty of Ófalu is signed between the Kingdom of Poland and the Kingdom of Hungary.source
  • 1478March 28 – The initial draft of the Treaty of Brno, between the Kingdom of Hungary and the Kingdom of Bohemia, is agreed upon by envoys from both kingdoms, subject to modifications.source
  • 1479October 13 – In the Battle of the Breadfield, the army of the Kingdom of Hungary, led by Pál Kinizsi and István Báthory, defeats the army of the Ottoman Empire and Transylvania and Hungary, leaving at least 10,000 Ottoman Turks dead.source
  • 1485January 29 – The siege of Vienna, capital of the Holy Roman Empire, is started by the Black Army of the Kingdom of Hungary in the ninth year of the ongoing Austrian-Hungarian War. Vienna is defended by a force of only 3,000 soldiers and cavalry, against 28,000 soldiers and cavalry of the Black Army, and the city falls to Hungary within four months.source
  • 1485June 1 – King Matthias Corvinus of Hungary secures the surrender of Vienna, the Holy Roman Empire's capital, after a siege of four months. Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor, had departed the city before the siege began.source
  • 1486January 13 – In Austria, the siege of Wiener Neustadt by the Kingdom of Hungary begins and will last for more than a year and a half before the city is surrendered to Hungary and is renamed Biencújhely. As part of the terms of peace, Austria cedes much of the territory of Lower Austria to the Hungarian King Matthias Corvinus.source

16th century

  • 1501May 13 – The Venetian Republic signs a treaty with the Kingdom of Hungary and Pope Alexander VI for troops to protect Venetian Dalmatia during the Ottoman–Venetian War (1499–1503).source
  • 1530Austrian forces capture Esztergom, Hungary, and raid as far as Buda.source
  • 1532June 25 – Suleiman the Magnificent leads another invasion of Hungary.source
  • 1551July 19 – The Treaty of Weissenburg goes into effect as John Sigismund Zápolya, King of Hungary since 1540, abdicates in favor of Archduke Ferdinand of Austria. In addition, the independent Kingdom of Transylvania, ruled by Isabella Jagiellon, is ceded to the Kingdom of Hungary as part of peace with Ferdinand.source

18th century

  • 1712May 22 – Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor is crowned King of Hungary.source
  • 1741June 25 – Maria Theresa of Austria is crowned Queen Regnant of Hungary in Bratislava.source
  • 1751September 13 – Kalvária Banská Štiavnica in the Kingdom of Hungary is completed.source
  • 1784October 31–December 14 – The Revolt of Horea, Cloșca and Crișan in Transylvania causes Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor to suspend the Hungarian Constitution.source

19th century

  • 1853January 8 – Mihály Bertalanits, Slovene (Prekmurje Slovene) poet in the Kingdom of Hungary (b. 1788)source

20th century

  • 1920June 4 – Treaty of Trianon: Peace is restored between the Allied Powers and Hungary, which loses 72% of its territory.source
  • 1921October 10 – Teaching at the University of Szeged begins, in the Kingdom of Hungary.source

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