/year

November 23 in history

189 sourced entries recorded on November 23, from 99 CE to 2025 CE. Every line is quoted from the revision it came from.

Events

  • 99Pope Evaristus succeeds Pope Clement I as the fifth pope according to Roman Catholic tradition.source
  • 1174Saladin arrives at Damascus and spends the night at his father's old house, until the gates of the Citadel of Damascus are opened to him, after a brief siege by his brother Tughtakin ibn Ayyub.source
  • 1202November 10–24 – Siege of Zara: The Crusaders under Boniface of Montferrat besiege and conquer Zara (modern-day Zadar) in Dalmatia. Despite letters from Innocent III forbidding such an action, and threatening excommunication. The leading citizens of Zara hang banners of crosses along the outer walls, professing their Catholic faith. Nevertheless, the Crusaders breach and sack the city, killing many.source
  • 1248Reconquista: Siege of Seville: Castilian forces under King Ferdinand III of Castile ("the Saint") recapture the city of Seville from the Almohads, after a 16-month siege. Prince Alfonso X of Castile takes the city of Alicante.source
  • 1310Abu Sa'id Uthman II becomes the new Sultan of Morocco upon the death of his nephew, the Sultan Abu al-Rabi Sulayman.source
  • 1311Pope Clement V appoints Jens Grand, the Danish-born Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen, as the arbiter of a dispute between the Archbishopric of Riga (at the time of Terra Mariana, now the Republic of Latvia) and Teutonic Prussia (now part of Poland).source
  • 1392King Richard II of England summons the English Parliament to assemble at Winchester on January 20.source
  • 1402The Byzantine Emperor Manuel II Palaiologos leaves France after a stay of almost two years.source
  • 1409King Henry IV of England sends a letter to all leading nobles, including a warning to them to have no further communication or entreaty with the Welsh rebel Owain Glyndŵr.source
  • 1450First Siege of Krujë: Albanian troops are victorious, forcing an Ottoman army of approximately 100,000 men to retreat from Albania.source
  • 1452The Canton of Appenzell becomes an associate member of the Swiss Confederacy. Full membership will be granted more than 50 years later in 1513.source
  • 1473Prince Stephen of Moldavia begins the siege of Dâmbovița Fortress, where Wallachia's Prince Radu has taken refuge in a war between the two monarchs. Prince Radu escapes during the night, leaving behind his wife, his daughter and his treasury, and the fortress surrenders the next day.source
  • 1484Louis, Duke of Orleans a contender for the French throne, signs a treaty with François II, Duke of Brittany, with an agreement for the marriage of the Duke's 7-year-old daughter, Anne of Brittany to Louis, with a goal of Louis having control of Brittany and of France. The proposed marriage, however, is contingent upon the annulment of Louis' existing marriage to Joan of France, Duchess of Berry.source
  • 1484Louis, Duke of Orleans and Francis II, Duke of Brittany sign a treaty arranging the marriage of the duke's daughter, Anne of Brittany to Louis. This is contingent the annulment of the latter's marriage to Joan of France, Duchess of Berry.source
  • 1491Anne of Brittany annuls her marriage contract with the Archduke Maximilian of Austria and is formally engaged to be married to King Charles VIII of France.source
  • 1499Perkin Warbeck, pretender to the throne of England, is hanged for reportedly attempting to escape from the Tower of London.source
  • 151123 November Mahmud Begada's rule of Gujarat Sultanate ends with his death (began 1498)source
  • 1514King Henry VIII of summons the English Parliament, to assemble at Westminster on February 5.source
  • 1521Spanish–German–Papal forces under Prospero Colonna force French Marshal Odet de Lautrec to abandon Milan.source
  • 1521Spanish–German–Papal forces under Prosper Colonna force French Marshal Odet de Lautrec to abandon Milan.source
  • 1541Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, who also serves as King Carlos I of Spain, is finally able to depart from Algiers and abandons his army.source
  • 1541Catherine Howard, the Queen consort of England, is arrested after 16 days of questioning by Thomas Cranmer, the Archbishop of Canterbury, reveals that she had also been conducting an adulterous affair with Francis Dereham while married to King Henry VIII. She is imprisoned at Syon Abbey in Middlesex near London.source
  • 1545King Henry VIII opens the Parliament of England for the ninth time, in a session that lasts until December 24.source
  • 1566By decree of King Philip II of Spain, the content of gold in the Spanish gold escudo, is raised from 350 maravedis (equivalent to 338 centigrams) of gold to 400 (386 cg) and equivalent to 16 silver reales.source
  • 1579Jeremias II Tranos is removed from office as Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople, leader of the Eastern Orthodox Church, and replaced by his rival Metrophanes III of Constantinople, whom he deposed on May 4, 1572.source
  • 1584In the wake of the Throckmorton Plot to overthrow her government, Queen Elizabeth convenes a new session of the English House of Commons since 1581. John Puckering is appointed by her as the Speaker of the House of Commons, which has 460 members. The parliament passes the Safety of the Queen Act and the Jesuits Act 1584,source
  • 1589James VI and Anne of Denmark marry formally at the Old Bishop's Palace in Oslosource
  • 1619Thirty Years' War– Battle of Humenné: Polish Lisowczycy troops assist the Holy Roman Emperor by defeating a Transylvanian force, forcing Gabor Bethlen to raise his siege of Vienna.source
  • 1633Decision of the Conseil du Roi (confirmed by the Parlement of Paris on 5 July 1634), to construct a new section of the city walls of Paris.source
  • 1644Battle of Jüterbog (December 3 New Style): Sweden's forces defeat those of the Holy Roman Empire.source
  • 1644Areopagitica, an appeal for freedom of speech written by John Milton, is published in London.source
  • 1644John Milton's Areopagitica, an appeal for freedom of speech, is published in London.source
  • 1648Coronation of Frederick III.source
  • 1654French mathematician, scientist and religious philosopher Blaise Pascal experiences an intense mystical vision that marks him for life.source
  • 1673James, Duke of York, marries Mary of Modena; they meet for the first time immediately before the ceremony in Dover.source
  • 1673the widowed James, Duke of York, the King's brother and heir, marries Mary of Modena; they meet for the first time immediately before the ceremony in Dover.source
  • 1688A group of 1,500 Old Believers immolate themselves to avoid capture, when troops of the tsar lay siege to their monastery on Lake Onega.source
  • 1700Cardinal Giovanni Francesco Albani, having been ordained as a Roman Catholic priest only two months earlier, is elected by the Papal conclave to succeed Pope Innocent XII, and becomes the 243rd pope, taking the name of Clement XI.source
  • 1705The premiere of the play Ulysses by Nicholas Rowe takes place in London, starring Thomas Betterton.source
  • 1705Nicholas Rowe's play Ulysses is first performed in London, starring Thomas Betterton.source
  • 1723The Province of Carolina charters New Bern as Newbern (the town later becomes the capital of North Carolina until Raleigh is founded).source
  • 1733The 1733 slave insurrection on St. John begins: Slaves from Akwamu rebel against their owners in the Danish West Indies.source
  • 1745Battle of Hennersdorf (Second Silesian War): The Prussian army defeats that of Saxony.source
  • 1763Nykirken was consecrated.source
  • 1779Magnus Theiste was sentenced by the Supreme Court to be removed from his office as County Governor of Nordre Bergenhus amt, because of his involvement with corruption.source
  • 1785John Hancock of Massachusetts, the former President of the Continental Congress, is selected as the new President of the Congress of the Confederation, but is unable to take office because of illness.source
  • 1785Lunardi flies from St Andrew's Square, Glasgow, to Hawick.source
  • 1802East Indiaman Vryheid, in the service of the Batavian Republic, is shipwrecked in a gale off Hythe, Kent, in the south of England; only 18 of 472 on board survive.source
  • 1802East Indiaman Vryheid, in the service of the Batavian Republic, is shipwrecked in a gale off Hythe, Kent; only 18 of 472 on board survive.source
  • 1808Peninsular War: Battle of Tudela: French forces under Marshal Jean Lannes defeat a Spanish army.source
  • 1813Hesse-Darmstadt and Nassau join the coalitionsource
  • 1822The USS Alligator wrecks on Carysford Reef off the coast of Florida.source
  • 1824Great storm in the English Channel; The Cobb (Lyme Regis) and Chesil Beach are breached.source
  • 1837Patriotes defeat British army at St. Denis, Lower Canada. At St. Denis, Col. Gore, with five companies of regulars, fails to dislodge rebel Dr. Nelson, with 200 men, behind walls.source
  • 1839Zephaniah Williams, one of the leaders of the Chartist march on Newport, is arrested on board ship at Cardiff.source
  • 1847the Otago Association ship Philip Laing sets sail from Greenock carrying settlers, mostly from the Free Church of Scotland, bound for Port Chalmers in New Zealand.source
  • 1852The first roadside pillar boxes in the British Isles are brought into public use in Saint Helier, on Jersey in the Channel Islands, at the suggestion of English novelist Anthony Trollope, at this time an official of the British General Post Office.source
  • 1867The three 'Manchester Martyrs' are hanged in England for the murder of a policeman whilst attempting to rescue two Irish Republican Brotherhood members from imprisonment on 18 September.source
  • 1867The three 'Manchester Martyrs' are hanged in Salford for the murder of a policeman whilst attempting to rescue two Irish Republican Brotherhood members from imprisonment on 18 September.source
  • 1869In Dumbarton, Scotland, the clipper ship Cutty Sark is launched (it is one of the last clippers built, and the only one to survive in the United Kingdom).source
  • 1876Corrupt Tammany Hall leader William Marcy Tweed (better known as Boss Tweed) is delivered to authorities in New York City, after being captured in Spain.source
  • 1884Siege of Tuyên Quang begins in Indochina: The French Foreign Legion is besieged by forces of the Empire of China.source
  • 1885November 14–28 – Serbo-Bulgarian War: Serbia declares war against Bulgaria, but is defeated in the Battle of Slivnitsa on November 17–19.source
  • 1889The first jukebox goes into operation, at the Palais Royale Saloon in San Francisco.source
  • 1909Otto Sinding, painter (born 1842)source
  • 1910Murderer Johan Alfred Ander becomes the last person to be executed in Sweden.source
  • 1915The Triangle Film Corporation opens its new motion picture theater in Massillon, Ohio.source
  • 1916WWI: Eastern Front – Bucharest, the capital of Romania, is occupied by troops of the Central Powers.source
  • 1917The Bolsheviks release the full text of the previously secret Sykes–Picot Agreement of 1916 in Izvestia and Pravda; it is printed in the Manchester Guardian on November 26.source
  • 1921In the United States, the Sheppard–Towner Act is signed by President Harding, providing federal funding for maternity and child care.source
  • 1923Gustav Stresemann's coalition government collapses in Germany.source
  • 1934An Anglo-Ethiopian boundary commission in the Ogaden discovers an Italian garrison at Walwal, which lies well within Ethiopian territory. This encounter leads to the Abyssinia Crisis.source
  • 1935Jacques and Thérèse Tréfouël, Daniel Bovet and Federico Nitti, in the laboratory of Ernest Fourneau at the Pasteur Institute in Paris, discover that sulfanilamide is the active component of Prontosil.source
  • 1936Cover date of the first issue of Life, a weekly news magazine launched in the United States under the management of Henry Luce.source
  • 1937founding of Workers' Party (Bolivia)source
  • 1938Opening of the Temple of Peace and Health in Cathays Park, Cardiff.source
  • 1940November 20–24 – WWII: Hungary, Romania and Slovakia join the Axis powers.source
  • 1943November 22–26 – WWII: Cairo Conference ("Sextant") – President of the United States Franklin D. Roosevelt, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Winston Churchill and Chairman of the National Government of China Chiang Kai-shek meet at Cairo, Egypt, to discuss ways to defeat Japan in the Pacific War.source
  • 1943The Deutsches Opernhaus on Bismarckstraße, in the Berlin district of Charlottenburg, is destroyed in an air raid (it is reopened in 1961, as the Deutsche Oper Berlin).source
  • 1946Vietnamese riot in Haiphong and clash with French troops. In the Haiphong incident, the French cruiser Suffren opens fire, killing 6,000 Vietnamese.source
  • 1946The Workers' Party of South Korea is founded.source
  • 1952Basic Principles Committee (BPC) presents the second revised report to the Constituent Assembly. The report called for a parity of representation between East and West Pakistan in parliament elected on the basis of separate balloting for minorities.source
  • 1954The Dow Jones Industrial Average rises 3.27 points, or 0.86 percent, closing at an all-time high of 382.74. More significantly, this is the first time the Dow has surpassed its peak level, reached just before the Wall Street Crash of 1929.source
  • 1955The Cocos Islands in the Indian Ocean are transferred from British to Australian control.source
  • 1955The administration of Cocos (Keeling) Islands is transferred to Australia after several delays.source
  • 1956The Suez Crisis causes petrol rationing in Britain.source
  • 1962United Air Lines Flight 297 crashes in Columbia, Maryland due to a bird strike, killing all 17 on board.source
  • 1963The Golden Age Nursing Home fire kills 63 elderly people near Fitchville, Ohio, United States.source
  • 1963The long-running sci-fi television series Doctor Who premieres on BBC TV in the United Kingdom.source
  • 1965Soviet general Mikhail Kazakov assumes command of the Warsaw Pact.source
  • 1967Mangla Dam, built for irrigation and power generation, is inaugurated.source
  • 1971The People's Republic of China takes the Republic of China's seat on the United Nations Security Council (see China and the United Nations).source
  • 19771977-78 Balkans Cup: Albania is defeated by Yugoslavia 6-0 at Stadion Kantrida, Rijekasource
  • 1977A strong tremor is felt due to the Caucete earthquake in the province of San Juan, Argentina. The earthquake is felt in the cities of Antofagasta, Chañaral, Copiapó, Vallenar, La Serena, Coquimbo, Ovalle, Illapel, La Ligua, San Felipe and Los Andes.source
  • 1979The Troubles: In Dublin, Ireland, Provisional Irish Republican Army member Thomas McMahon is sentenced to life in prison for the assassination of Lord Mountbatten of Burma in August. He was released in 1998 under the terms of the Good Friday Agreement.source
  • 1980The 6.9 Mw Irpinia earthquake shakes southern Italy with a maximum Mercalli intensity of X (Extreme). Officially, there were 2,483 people killed and 8,934 injured, though the deaths may have been as high as 4,900.source
  • 1980A magnitude-6.9 earthquake kills 2,483, injures 7,700, and displaces hundreds of thousands.source
  • 1981Iran–Contra affair: U.S. President Ronald Reagan signs the top secret National Security Decision Directive 17 (NSDD-17), authorizing the Central Intelligence Agency to recruit and support Contra rebels in Nicaragua.source
  • 19811981 United Kingdom tornado outbreak, the largest recorded tornado outbreak in European history.source
  • 1985EgyptAir Flight 648 was hijacked by the Palestinian terrorist organization Abu Nidal from Ellinikon International Airport in Athens. The subsequent raid on the aircraft by Egyptian troops killed 56 of the 86 passengers, two of the three hijackers, and two of the six crew, making the hijacking of Flight 648 one of the deadliest such incidents in history.source
  • 1988Former Korean president Chun Doo-hwan makes a formal apology for corruption during his presidency, announcing he will go into exile.source
  • 1989During the XIV Congress of the RCP, first shift workers from Timișoara Mechanical Works try to organize a revolt against the communist regime. Their movement is quelled by the Securitate organs.source
  • 1996Ethiopian Airlines Flight 961 is hijacked, then crashes into the Indian Ocean off the coast of Comoros after running out of fuel, killing 125.source
  • 1999The National Assembly of Kuwait revokes a 1985 law that granted women's suffrage.source
  • 2001The Budapest Convention on Cybercrime, the first international treaty to address cybercrime, is signed in Budapest, Hungary.source
  • 2003A ceasefire is reached at the Line of Control in Kashmir.source
  • 2004November 14–26 – Typhoon Muifa kills 600 people in the Philippines.source
  • 2005Ellen Johnson Sirleaf wins the Liberian general election, making her the first democratically elected female head of state in Africa.source
  • 2006A series of car bombs and mortar attacks in Sadr City, Baghdad, kills at least 215 people and injure 257 other people.source
  • 2007Solomon Nyanjui, the missing KWS helicopter pilot was found alive with minor injuries, after being missing for eight days. The helicopter he was flying had crashed on the flanks of Mount Kenya, near Chuka town.source
  • 2009In the Philippines, at least 58 people are abducted and killed in the province of Maguindanao, in what the Committee to Protect Journalists called the single deadliest attack on journalists in history.source
  • 2010North Korea shells Yeonpyeong Island, prompting a military response by South Korea. The incident causes an escalation of tension on the Korean Peninsula and prompts widespread international condemnation. The United Nations declares it to be one of the most serious incidents since the end of the Korean War.source
  • 2011President Ali Abdullah Saleh signed a Gulf Cooperation Council brokered agreement in Riyadh to transfer power to Vice President Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi within 30 days. The agreement also called for presidential elections within 90 days and stated that Saleh would have immunity from prosecution.source
  • 2022November 19–November 26 – The 2022 Central American and Caribbean Beach Games are held in Santa Marta, Colombia.source
  • 2023Riots broke out in Dublin, Ireland after a mass stabbing on Parnell Square East which injured 4 people.source
  • 2023CENTCOM reports that the USS Thomas Hudner has shot down "multiple" Israel-bound attack drones launched from Houthi-controlled Yemen over the Red Sea. No injuries or damage are reported.source
  • 2025November 22–23 – The G20 Johannesburg summit is held in South Africa, the first time a G20 summit has been held in Africa.source

Births

  • 912Otto I, emperor of the Holy Roman Empire (died 973)source
  • 1116William FitzRobert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester (died 1183)source
  • 1221Alfonso X ("the Wise"), king of Castile (died 1284)source
  • 1402Jean de Dunois, French nobleman and soldier, illegitimate son of Louis I (died 1468)source
  • 1402Jean de Dunois, soldier (died 1468)source
  • 1417William FitzAlan, 16th Earl of Arundel, English politician (died 1487)source
  • 1476Yeonsangun of Joseon, King of Korean Joseon Dynasty (died 1506)source
  • 1496Clément Marot, French poet of the Renaissance period (died 1544)source
  • 1505Ercole Gonzaga, Spanish Catholic cardinal (died 1563)source
  • 1508Francis, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, youngest son of Henry the Middle (died 1549)source
  • 1553Prospero Alpini, Italian physician and botanist (died 1617)source
  • 1616John Wallis, English mathematician (died 1703)source
  • 1641Anthonie Heinsius, Dutch statesman (died 1720)source
  • 1654Jan van Kessel the Younger, Flemish painter in Spain (died 1708)source
  • 1654Jan van Kessel the Younger, painter (died 1708)source
  • 1730William Moultrie, American general (died 1805)source
  • 1778Mariano Moreno, Argentine politician (died 1811)source
  • 1804Franklin Pierce, 14th President of the United States (died 1869)source
  • 1878Ernest Joseph King, Commander in Chief, United States Fleet and Chief of Naval Operations (COMINCH-CNO) during World War II (died 1956)source
  • 1878Frank Pick, British transport administrator, designer (died 1941)source
  • 1888Harpo Marx, American comedian (died 1964)source
  • 1890El Lissitzky, Russian artist and architect (died 1941)source
  • 1915John Dehner, American actor (died 1992)source
  • 1934Lew Hoad, Australian tennis champion (died 1994)source
  • 1945Dennis Nilsen, Scottish serial killer (died 2018)source
  • 1950Chuck Schumer, American politiciansource
  • 1962Nicolás Maduro, 63rd President of Venezuelasource

Deaths

  • 386Jin Feidi, emperor of the Jin Dynasty (born 342)source
  • 947Berthold, duke of Bavariasource
  • 955Eadred (or Edred), king of England (born 923)source
  • 955King Eadred (or Edred) dies childless after a 9-year reign at Frome (Somerset). He is succeeded by his 15-year-old nephew, Eadwig, as King of England.source
  • 1161Adam of Ebrach, German monk and abbotsource
  • 1183William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester (born 1116)source
  • 1258John Fitzgeoffrey, English noblemansource
  • 1275Margaret of Bar, French noblewoman (born 1220)source
  • 1307Diether III, German archbishop (born 1250)source
  • 1346"Around the Feast of St. Clement, thirty menn of the Dhíomusaigh were killed at Ardscull by two men, Thomas Wogan and Walter Lenfaunt." [10].source
  • 1407Louis I, Duke of Orléans, brother of Charles VI of France (murdered) (born 1372)source
  • 1407The Duke of Orleans is assassinated, and war breaks out again between the Burgundians and the Duke's followers.source
  • 1407The Duke of Orleans is assassinated by adherents of the Duke of Burgundy leading to continued conflict between the factionssource
  • 1407Louis I, Duke of Orléans, brother of Charles VI (born 1372)source
  • 1457King Ladislaus V, King of Hungary, King of Croatia, and Duke of Austria since 1440, as well as King of Bohemia since 1453, dies suddenly at the age of 17 while in Prague. Although suspected by his allies to have been the victim of poisoning, examination of his remains indicates later that he died from bubonic plague. Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor is declared Duke of Austria, while Matthias Corvinus attempts to become the new King of Hungary and Croatia, while George of Poděbrady vies to become the new King of Bohemia.source
  • 1457King Ladislaus Posthumus of Bohemia and Hungary (born 1440)source
  • 1470Gaston, Prince of Viana (born 1444)source
  • 1499Perkin Warbeck, Flemish imposter (born c. 1474) (executed)source
  • 1503Margaret of York, Duchess consort of Burgundy, spouse of Charles I, Duke of Burgundy (born 1446)source
  • 1511Anne of York, daughter of King Edward IV of England (born 1475)source
  • 1511Mahmud Begada, Sultan of Gujarat (born 1458)source
  • 1511In India, Mahmud Shah Begada, Sultan of Gujarat since 1458, dies at the age of 66 after a reign of more than 50 years. He is succeeded by his eldest son, Prince Shams-ud-Din Muzaffar, who takes the name Muzaffar Shah II.source
  • 1572Agnolo di Cosimo (Bronzino), Italian artist and poet (born 1503)source
  • 1585Thomas Tallis, English composer (born c. 1510)source
  • 1616Richard Hakluyt, English author, editor and translator (born 1553)source
  • 1634Wenceslas Cobergher (born 1560), architect and economistsource
  • 1682Claude Lorrain, Lorraine-born landscape painter (born c. 1600)source
  • 1694Jean Talon, first Intendant of New France (born 1626)source
  • 1709William Bentinck, 1st Earl of Portland (born 1649)source
  • 1726Sophia Dorothea of Celle, queen consort of George I of Great Britain (born 1666)source
  • 1729Prince Alexander Danilovich Menshikov, Russian statesman (born 1673)source
  • 1769Constantine Mavrocordatos, Prince of Wallachia and Prince of Moldavia (born 1711)source
  • 1804Richard Graves, English writer (born 1715)source
  • 1814Elbridge Gerry, 5th Vice President of the United States (born 1744)source
  • 1814Vice President Elbridge Gerry dies from heart failure. The office remains vacant through the remainder of James Madison's presidency.source
  • 1817James Glenie, army officer, military engineer, businessman, office holder, and politician (b.1750)source
  • 1856Manuela Sáenz, Colombian national heroine (born 1797)source
  • 1857Ren Xiong (1823 – 1857) painter from Xiaoshan, Zhejiangsource
  • 1871Mariano Melgarejo (assassinated in Lima, Peru)source
  • 1880Sir Redmond Barry, Australian judge, sentenced Ned Kelly to death (born 1813)source
  • 1890King William III of the Netherlands dies without a male heir, and his daughter Princess Wilhelmina becomes Queen, causing the end of the personal union of thrones with Luxembourg (which requires a male heir) so that Adolphe, Duke of Nassau becomes Grand Duke of Luxembourg.source
  • 1896Ichiyō Higuchi, writer (born 1872)source
  • 1923The 1923 Irish hunger strikes end. Thousands of Irish republicans took part in prisons across Ireland; five prisoners died in the hunger strikes.source
  • 1985EgyptAir Flight 648 is hijacked by the Abu Nidal group and flown to Malta, where Egyptian commandos storm the plane; 60 are killed by gunfire and explosions.source
  • 1990Roald Dahl, 74, British author (Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, James and the Giant Peach, Matilda), myelodysplastic syndrome.source