1434 CE
In the Kingdom of León in Spain, Suero de Quiñones and his companions stage the Passo Honroso, at the bridge across the Órbigo River near Santiago de Compostela. Any knight attempting to cross the bridge is challenged to a joust by the Quiñones knights. The challenge continues for the next 30 days. The coronation of Wladyslaw III as King of Poland takes place at the Wawel Cathedral in Kraków. Bishop Nils Ragvaldsson of Sweden delivers a speech at the Council of Basel, arguing the Kingdom of Sweden and its monarch, Eric of Pomerania deserve senior rank over the Spanish delegation.
In the 1430s, the 15th century.
Geopolitics & Diplomacy
Conflict & Security
- March 16 – Muscovite War of Succession: Yury of Zvenigorod defeats his nephew, Vasily II, Grand Prince of Moscow, in a battle at Rostov, about 125 mi from Moscow.source
- March 31 – Yury of Zvenigorod marches into Moscow with his army and plunders Vasily II's treasury.source
- May 30 – Hussite Wars – Battle of Lipany: The Catholics and Utraquists defeat the Taborites, ending the Hussite Wars.source
- June 24 – Iron mine owner Engelbrekt Engelbrektsson begins the Engelbrekt rebellion in Sweden against King Erik, starting with an attack against the town of Borlänge, followed by Köpingehus, burning down offices there and then marching on towards Västerås.source
- August 9 – After fighting 166 jousts, and sustaining injuries over a month, Quiñones and his men end the Passo Honroso.source
Exploration & Expansion
- August – Portuguese explorer Gil Eanes and his crew sail around the dangerous Cape Bojador of North Africa (off of Western Sahara) and survive, becoming the first Europeans to make the voyage and ending the legends about what lies on the other side of the "Dark Sea". The achievement is a breakthrough in trade between Europe and Asia.source
Religion & Belief
- April 14 – The foundation stone of Nantes Cathedral in Nantes, Brittany, is laid.source
- 14 April – The foundation stone of Nantes Cathedral is laidFrancesource
- July 25 – The coronation of Wladyslaw III as King of Poland takes place at the Wawel Cathedral in Kraków.source
- September 29 – Pope Eugene IV issues the papal bull Regimini gregis, condemning the enslavement by the Kingdom of Castile of the Guanches, the indigenous people of the Canary Islands. An order to free the slaves follows three months later.source
- November 12 – Bishop Nils Ragvaldsson of Sweden delivers a speech at the Council of Basel, arguing the Kingdom of Sweden and its monarch, Eric of Pomerania deserve senior rank over the Spanish delegation.source
- December 17 – Pope Eugene IV issues the papal bull Creator Omnium, directing the freedom of the Canary Island slaves within 15 days after the bull is received.source
Technology & Infrastructure
- July 10– In the Kingdom of León in Spain, Suero de Quiñones and his companions stage the Passo Honroso, at the bridge across the Órbigo River near Santiago de Compostela. Any knight attempting to cross the bridge is challenged to a joust by the Quiñones knights. The challenge continues for the next 30 days.source
Crime & Justice
Climate & Environment
- In Ming Dynasty China, a long episode of drought, flood, locust infestation, and famine cripple agriculture and commerce in areas throughout the country, until 1448.source
Culture & Society
- August 16 – King Eric of Pomerania is deposed from the Swedish throne at a meeting in Vadstena, though he still retains power in Denmark and Norway.source
- October 21 – The University of Catania is founded in Italy.source
- November 12 – René of Anjou becomes the new Count of Provence and Duke of Anjou, as well as a claimant to the title of King of Naples, upon the death of his brother, Louis III.source
- Jan van Eyck paints the Arnolfini Portrait.source
Births
- January 7 – Adolf, Duke of Bavaria (died 1441)source
- March 12 – William III, Count of Henneberg-Schleusingen (died 1480)source
- March 19 – Ashikaga Yoshikatsu, Japanese shōgun (died 1443)source
- March 25 – Eustochia Smeralda Calafato, Italian saint (died 1485)source
- June 13 – Cristoforo della Rovere, Roman Catholic cardinal (died 1478)source
- September 18 – Eleanor of Portugal, Holy Roman Empress (died 1467)source
- September 23 – Yolande of Valois, Duchess consort of Savoy (died 1478)source
- 23 September – Yolande of Valois, princess (d.1478)Francesource
- December 28 – Antonio Grimani, Italian admiral (died 1523)source
- Matteo Maria Boiardo, Italian poet (died 1494)source
- Antoinette de Maignelais, mistress of Charles VII of France (died 1474)source
- Isabella of Bourbon, Burgundian countess, spouse of Charles the Bold (died 1465)source
- Kano Masanobu, Japanese painter (died 1530)source
Deaths
- January – John I, Duke of Bourbon (born 1381)source
- February 19 – In India, Mubarak Shah II, the Sultan of Delhi, is assassinated. His nephew, Muhammad Shah IV becomes the new Sultan.source
- April 20 – Alexandra of Lithuania, Duchess of Masoviasource
- May 30 – Prokop the Great, Hussite general (born 1380)source
- June 1 – King Wladislaus II of Poland (age unknown)source
- June 5 – Yuri IV, Russian grand prince (born 1374)source
- June – Amda Iyasus, Emperor of Ethiopiasource
- July 5– Slightly more than three months after claiming the Grand Principality of Moscow, Yury of Zvenigorod dies suddenly at the age of 59 and is succeeded by his son, Vasily Kosoy.source
- November 12 – King Louis III of Anjou (born 1403)source
- November – Louis III of Anjou, Duke of Anjou(b.1403)Francesource
- John I, Duke of Bourbon, nobleman (b.1381)Francesource