/year

July 5 in history

207 sourced entries recorded on July 5, from 182 CE to 2025 CE. Every line is quoted from the revision it came from.

Events

  • 328Constantine's Bridge, built over the Danube between Sucidava (Corabia, Romania) and Oescus (Gigen, Bulgaria), is officially opened by the Roman architect Theophilus Patricius.source
  • 907July 4–6 – Battle of Pressburg: At "Brezalauspurc" (probably modern-day Bratislava in Slovakia), the advancing East Frankish army (60,000 men) is annihilated by the Hungarians led by Grand Prince Árpád. Duke Luitpold and Archbishop Dietmar I are killed, together with 19 dukes, 2 bishops and 3 abbots. The East Frankish Kingdom loses control of the March of Pannonia.source
  • 1166The town of Bad Kleinkirchheim (in modern Austria) is first mentioned, in an ecclesiastical document, in which Archbishop Conrad II of Salzburg confirms the donation of a chapel, nearby Millstatt Abbey.source
  • 1203The Crusader fleet disembarks their horse transports, and barrels down upon the Byzantine defenders in a full cavalry charge. The Byzantines flee after brief combat, and retreat to the Tower of Galata, where they fortify themselves. After a bitter struggle, the Crusaders capture the tower and break the floating chain, and allow their fleet to enter the Golden Horn.source
  • 1294Following the Papal election, 1292–94, Pope Celestine V succeeds Nicholas IV, becoming the 192nd pope.source
  • 1301First War of Scottish Independence: King Edward I of England launches his sixth campaign into Scotland, crossing into Berwickshire from Northumberland.source
  • 1316Battle of Manolada: Latin forces under Louis of Burgundy, supported by Byzantine troops sent by governor Michael Kantakouzenos, defeat the Catalan army under Ferdinand of Majorca. During the battle, Ferdinand is killed and John II of Nivelet, who claims the Principality of Achaea is executed on the field as a traitor. His lands are given to Louis' Burgundian followers. Louis of Burgundy and his wife, Matilda of Hainaut, become the joint rulers of Achaea.source
  • 1317Mongol Prince Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan becomes the ruler of the Ilkhanate, the Mongol-controlled area of the Middle East.source
  • 1324A royal wedding takes place in France as King Charles IV marries his cousin Joan of Évreux, the 14-year-old daughter of his uncle, Louis, Count of Évreux.source
  • 1413Battle of Çamurlu: Mehmed I defeats his brother Musa, ending the Ottoman Interregnum.source
  • 1435The regency for King Henry VI summons the members of the English Parliament, directing them to assemble at Westminster on October 10.source
  • 1436The Hussite Wars effectively end in Bohemia. Sigismund is accepted as King.source
  • 1460The town of Marienburg is captured by the Polish army after a four-month siege that had been started by General Proandota Lubieszowski, who had died during the fighting.source
  • 1496In the Canary Islands, the native kings of Tenerife surrender to the Spanish conquistador Alonso Fernández de Lugo.source
  • 1568Coronation of Karin Månsdotter.source
  • 1584The Maronite College is established in Rome.source
  • 1596Capture of Cádiz: An English fleet, commanded by Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, and Lord Howard of Effingham, sacks Cádiz.source
  • 1601The Siege of Ostend, which will last more than three years and claims more than 100,000 casualties for both Spain and the Netherlands, begins as Albert of Austria, Governor General of the Habsburg Netherlands, leads an attack on the Dutch Netherlands fortress at Ostend. The Spanish forces eventually triumph on September 20, 1604, albeit in a Pyrrhic victory that will see at least 60,000 soldiers killed, wounded, or dead from disease.source
  • 1601Siege of Ostend begins.source
  • 1607Zebrzydowski Rebellion: The Battle of Guzów is fought in Poland near Guzów against rebels by the combined armies of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, led by Poland's Hetman, General Stanisław Żółkiewski, and the Hetman of Lithuania, Jan Karol Chodkiewicz. The rebels, led by Mikołaj Zebrzydowski and Janusz Radziwiłł, are forced to retreat.source
  • 1608Cahir O'Doherty is shot dead at the Battle of Kilmacrennan, a skirmish with an English force under Sir Richard Wingfield. His severed head is displayed in Dublin for some time afterwards. The surviving rebels retreat to be besieged on Tory Islandsource
  • 1610John Guy sets sail from Bristol, with 39 other colonists, for Newfoundland.source
  • 1627July 5–13 – Turkish Abductions: Barbary corsairs from Algiers raid the East Fjords of Iceland and take captives into slavery.source
  • 1634Estates General, in session since 7 September 1632, disbanded by order of Philip IV of Spain.source
  • 1641In England, the Long Parliament abolishes the Court of Star Chamber.source
  • 1641The town of Christianssand is formally founded by King Christian IV of Denmark-Norway.source
  • 1643First English Civil War: Battle of Lansdowne – Royalists gain a pyrrhic victory over the Parliamentarians near Bath, Somerset.source
  • 1649After news reaches the Western Hemisphere that King Charles I has been deposed and executed, the English colonial government of the Somers Isles, now called Bermuda, proclaims its recognition of Charles II as the rightful ruler of the islands.source
  • 1652The 1652 Articles of Peace and Friendship are signed between the Province of Maryland and the Conestoga Indians, ceding most of the land around the Chesapeake Bay to the English colonists.source
  • 1654The Russian Army camps outside Smolensk and the Thirteen Years' War starts between Russia and Poland over Ukraine.source
  • 1716Prince Ernest Augustus is created Duke of York and Albany, in the peerage of Great Britain.source
  • 1716Prince Ernest Augustus, younger brother of George I, is created Duke of York and Albany in the peerage of Great Britain.source
  • 1736Captain Porteous found guilty of murder by the High Court of Justiciary.source
  • 1770Battle of Chesma and Battle of Larga: The Russian Empire defeats the Ottoman Empire in both battles. When the news of the defeat reaches the Ottoman city of Smyrna (July 8), the crowd attacks the Greek community of the city (perceived as favourable to the Russian cause) and kills an estimated 200 Greeks and three Western Europeans (although some reports estimate the number of victims at 3,000 or even 5,000 including "3 or 4 thousands who die due to the fright").source
  • 1775American Revolution: The Continental Congress sends the Olive Branch Petition, hoping for a reconciliation.source
  • 1775American Revolution: the Continental Congress sends the Olive Branch Petition to King George III, hoping for a reconciliation.source
  • 1783HDMS Friderichsværn is launched at Bodenhoffs Plads in Copenhagen.source
  • 1797Christian Ditlev Frederik, Count of Reventlow, is appointed to Minister of the State.source
  • 1802Parliamentary elections begin in the United Kingdom, with voting continuing until August 28; the Tories, led by Henry Addington, win control of the House of Commons.source
  • 18025 July – 28 August – General election brings victory for the Tories led by Henry Addington.source
  • 1802André-Jacques Garnerin and Edward Hawke Locker make a 17-mile (27.4-km) balloon flight from Lord's Cricket Ground in St John's Wood, London, to Chingford in just over 15 minutes.source
  • 1803The convention of Artlenburg leads to the French occupation of Hanover (which had been ruled by the British king).source
  • 1805Governor King invites all the Pacific Islanders living in Sydney, including Maa-Tara, to a meeting at Government House. He offers compensation far any ill-treatment, passage home or training in European trades to any that want it.source
  • 1807A disastrous British attack is mounted against Buenos Aires, during the second failed invasion of the Río de la Plata.source
  • 1809Battle of Wagram begins.source
  • 1811Venezuela declares its Independence from the Spanish Empire.source
  • 1813War of 1812: Three weeks of British raids on Fort Schlosser, Black Rock and Plattsburgh, New York begin.source
  • 1820Pains and Penalties Bill put before Parliament to deprive Caroline of Brunswick, George IV's estranged wife, of the title of Queen Consort, leading to her de facto public trial before the House of Lords opening on 17 August. Although narrowly passed on 10 November in the House of Lords, the bill is withdrawn in the knowledge that it would almost certainly not pass the House of Commons.source
  • 1822The Royal Agricultural Society of New South Wales was founded.source
  • 1828The British weekly The Spectator is founded by Robert Rintoul as a radical magazine.source
  • 1829Ignacio Mariscal, distinguished lawyer, diplomat and Liberal member.source
  • 1830French invasion of Algiers, leading to creation of French Algeria.source
  • 1830France invades Algiers.source
  • 1833Liberal Wars: The forces of Queen Maria II of Portugal win the Battle of Cape St. Vincent, defeating the supporters of her uncle, King Miguel, who usurped the throne in 1828.source
  • 1836Main provisions of the Durham (County Palatine) Act 1836 (passed 21 June) come into effect: the previous secular jurisdiction of the Prince-bishop of Durham over the County Palatine of Durham is vested in the Crown and the Court of the County of Durham is abolished; an Act of 17 August also removes secular jurisdictions of the Archbishop of York and Bishop of Ely.source
  • 1841Thomas Cook arranges his first railway excursion in England.source
  • 1848Run on the Savings Bank, Montreal, followed by re-deposit.source
  • 1852Frederick Douglass delivers his famous speech on "The Hypocrisy of American Slavery" in Rochester, New York.source
  • 1852Frederick Douglass delivers his famous speech, "What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?", in Rochester, New York.source
  • 1854The Mercury was first published in Hobart.source
  • 1865The first speed limit is introduced in Britain: 2 mph in town and 4 mph in the country.source
  • 1865The U.S. Secret Service is founded.source
  • 1865Speed limit in Britain originally introduced by the Locomotive Act 1861 is reduced by the Locomotives Act 1865 – becoming 2 mph in town and 4 mph in the country.source
  • 1865Legal case of St Helen's Smelting Co v Tipping decided in the House of Lords: a landowner is entitled to recover damages for harm done to his trees by fumes from a copper smelter.source
  • 1866Princess Helena, third daughter of Queen Victoria, marries Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein.source
  • 1868Preacher William Booth establishes the Christian Mission, predecessor of The Salvation Army, in the East End of London.source
  • 1871New Zealand's first university, Otago opens its doors. It was absorbed into the University of New Zealand three years later.source
  • 1873New Rush in Griqualand West, South Africa, is renamed Kimberley.source
  • 1873New Rush in Griqualand West is renamed Kimberley after John Wodehouse, 1st Earl of Kimberley.source
  • 1875July 1–7 – Third Carlist War: Battle of Treviño – Advancing on the key city of Vitoria, in Navarre, Spanish Republican commander General Jenardo de Quesada sends General Tello to attack the Carlist lines just to the southwest, at Treviño. The newly appointed Carlist commander General José Pérula is heavily defeated and withdraws, and soon afterwards Quesada enters Vitoria in triumph.source
  • 1876The completion of a railway bridge across the Brisbane River links Brisbane and Ipswich, Queensland.source
  • 1884Germany takes possession of Togoland.source
  • 1884Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property obtains legal forcesource
  • 1894June 28 – July 9 – Colonial Conference of 1894 held in Ottawa.source
  • 1894racing cutter Valkyrie II (1893) collides with Satanita on the Firth of Clyde and sinks, with one fatality.source
  • 1896Belgian general election, 1896source
  • 1899In Brandon, Manitoba, housemaid Hilda Blake shoots her mistress twice; the first shot misses, but the second bullet pierces the mistress's right lung. Blake was later hanged for murder.source
  • 1902Erik Gustaf Boström returns as Prime Minister of Sweden.source
  • 1905Alfred Deakin takes office as the new Prime Minister of Australia.source
  • 1905Alfred Deakin resumes office as Prime Minister of Australia after George Reid is unable to form a stable ministry.source
  • 1910Herbert Pither reportedly makes a flight of "nearly a mile" at Riverton Beach.source
  • 1911RMS Olympic arrives in Southampton ending her maiden eastbound voyage from New York.source
  • 1914A council is held at Potsdam: leaders within Austria-Hungary and Germany meet to discuss the possibilities of war with Serbia, Russia and France.source
  • 1914The German Kaiser announces that he will not attend the Archduke's funeral.source
  • 1915June 23 – July 7 – The First Battle of the Isonzo between the Armies of Italy and Austria-Hungary on the Italian Front in World War I. The aim of the Italian Army, under the command of Luigi Cadorna, was to drive the Austrians away from its defensive positions along the Soča (Isonzo) and on the nearby mountains.source
  • 1916July 1–12 – Jersey Shore shark attacks of 1916: At least one shark attacks 5 swimmers along 80 mi of New Jersey coastline, resulting in 4 deaths and the survival of one youth, who requires limb amputation. This event is the inspiration for author Peter Benchley, over half a century later, to write Jaws.source
  • 1916July 1–12 – At least one shark mauls five swimmers along 80 mi of New Jersey coastline during the Jersey Shore shark attacks of 1916, resulting in four deaths and the survival of one youth who required limb amputation. This event is the inspiration for author Peter Benchley, over half a century later, to write Jaws.source
  • 1919July 5–20 – Russian Civil War, Eastern or Siberian Front, Ekaterinburg Operation: The Red Army captures the city of Ekaterinburg in the Ural Mountains from the White rule of Admiral Alexander Kolchak.source
  • 1919July 2–6 – British airship R34 makes the first transatlantic flight by dirigible, and the first westbound flight, from RAF East Fortune, Scotland, to Mineola, New York.source
  • 1922The 18 of the Copacabana Fort revolt occurs in Rio de Janeiro, then Federal District of Brazil. It is the first revolt of the tenentista movement, in the context of the Brazilian Old Republic.source
  • 1930July 3–10 – The First Eastern Women's Congress takes place in Damascus in Syria.source
  • 1930The Seventh Lambeth Conference of Anglican bishops opens. This conference approves the use of birth control in limited circumstances, a move away from the Christian views on birth control expressed by the Sixth Conference a decade earlier.source
  • 1932The Chapel of the Holy Spirit in St Anne's Cathedral, Belfast is dedicated.source
  • 1937Midale and Yellow Grass, Saskatchewan, record the highest temperature ever in Canada, with a record high of 113 °F.source
  • 1938The Non-Intervention Committee reaches an agreement to withdraw all foreign volunteers from the Spanish Civil War. The agreement is respected by most Republican International Brigades, notably those from England and the United States, but is ignored by the governments of Germany and Italy.source
  • 1938Turkish army in Hatay (by treaty)source
  • 1938A heavy torrential rain with debris flow hit around Mount Rokko area, Hyogo Prefecture, official death number toll was 715 persons, according to Japanese government confirmed report.source
  • 1940WWII: Operation Fish – A British convoy including HMS Batory sails from Greenock (Scotland) for Halifax, Nova Scotia, carrying gold bar and other valuables worth $1.7 billion for safe keeping in Canada, the largest movement of wealth in history.source
  • 1941July 5–31 - Ecuadorian–Peruvian Warsource
  • 1941British troopship SS Anselm is torpedoed and sunk by German submarine U-96 in the Atlantic Ocean, with the loss of around 250 out of about 1,310 on board.source
  • 1943The National Bands Agreement is concluded in Greece.source
  • 1943Nazi Germany commences Operation Citadel. It will eventually lead to the Battle of Kursk, the largest tank battle in history.source
  • 1943A fleet sets sail for the Allied invasion of Sicily.source
  • 1945Yosef Shapira, Israeli judge, current State Comptroller of Israelsource
  • 1945The 1945 United Kingdom general election is held, though some constituencies delay their polls for local holiday reasons. Counting of votes and declaration of results are delayed until July 26 to allow for voting by the large number of service personnel still overseas.source
  • 1946The bikini is first modeled in Paris.source
  • 1946Establishment of the Bank Negara Indonesiasource
  • 1946Philippine sports exhibition is held at the University of Santo Tomas Gymnasium.source
  • 1948The National Health Service in the United Kingdom begins functioning, giving the right to universal healthcare, free at point of use.source
  • 1948The National Health Service launches in Northern Irelandsource
  • 1961The first Israeli rocket, Shavit 2, was launched.source
  • 1961The first Israeli rocket, Shavit 2, is launched.source
  • 1961The first Israeli rocket, Shavit 2, is launched.source
  • 1966The Australian Workers' Union affiliates with the Australian Council of Trade Unions.source
  • 1966A moderate phreatomagmatic eruption at Mt. Tabaro results in tephra fallout and airborne projectiles, impacting the volcano island.source
  • 1967Troops of Belgian mercenary commander Jean Schramme revolt against Mobutu Sese Seko, and try to take control of Stanleyville, Congo.source
  • 1970Eniaion won 15 of the 35 seats in parliament following parliamentary elections. However, AKEL receiving a far larger share of the vote.source
  • 19701970 Mexican general election.source
  • 1971Right to vote: The Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution, formally certified by President Richard Nixon, lowers the voting age from 21 to 18.source
  • 1973A catastrophic BLEVE (Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion) occurs in Kingman, Arizona, United States, following a fire that broke out as propane was being transferred from a railroad car to a storage tank, killing 11 firefighters. This explosion becomes a classic incident, studied in fire department training programs worldwide.source
  • 1975Cape Verde gained independence after over 500 years of Portuguese rule. The National Assembly elected Aristides Pereira as President and Pedro Pires as Prime Minister.source
  • 1977General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq overthrows Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, the first elected Prime Minister of Pakistan.source
  • 1979Queen Elizabeth II attends the millennium celebrations of the Isle of Man's Parliament, Tynwald.source
  • 1984Diego Maradona welcomed in Naples. He plays for SSC Napoli until 1991.source
  • 1986July 5 – 20 – The inaugural Goodwill Games are held in Moscow, marking the first international event in a decade for competition between the United States and the Soviet Union.source
  • 1993Iraq disarmament crisis: UN inspection teams leave Iraq. Iraq then agrees to UNSCOM demands and the inspection teams return.source
  • 1993Electrochemist Faiza Al-Kharafi is appointed rector (president) of Kuwait University, the first woman to head a major university in the Middle East.source
  • 1994Jeff Bezos founds Amazon.source
  • 1996Dolly the sheep, the first mammal to be successfully cloned from an adult cell, is born at the Roslin Institute in Midlothian, Scotland, UK.source
  • 1997The Egyptian Islamic Group announces a cessation-of-violence initiative.source
  • 1997In Cambodia, Hun Sen of the Cambodian People's Party overthrows Norodom Ranariddh in a coup.source
  • 1998Japan launches the probe Nozomi to Mars, joining the United States and Russia as an outer space-exploring nation.source
  • 2002The Imperial War Museum North opens in Trafford, England.source
  • 2003SARS is declared to be contained by the World Health Organization.source
  • 2004September 20 – Indonesian presidential election, 2004.source
  • 2006First Qassam rocket of increased strength is fired into the school yard in the Southern Israeli coastal city of Ashkelon. This has been the first instance of an increased distance Qassam rockets can reach and the first time a significantly large city has been attacked. No one was injured in this attack.source
  • 2007Eight Kenyan cattle raiders have been killed by the Uganda People's Defence Force.source
  • 2009Violent riots broke out in Ürümqi, Xinjiang. PRC officials said that a total of 197 people died. two monorails of the Walt Disney World Monorail System collided at the Transportation & Ticket Center in Bay Lake, Florida, United States, killing one pilot and injuring seven others.source
  • 2014The Council for TV and Radio suspends the broadcast license of the Russian TV channel Russia-24 and places sanctions on four Moldovan broadcasters for lack of pluralism.source
  • 2015July 5–13 – Greek government-debt crisis: After six months of clashes and futile negotiations between Greece's newly elected, leftist government and the country's creditors, over the austerity measures imposed through bailout programmes, tension peaks as Greece votes in a referendum to reject the terms offered in a third programme; however, the government eventually proceeds to concur to harsher terms than those offered before, in what was widely characterized as a coup on the creditors' part.source
  • 2016NASA's Juno spacecraft enters orbit around Jupiter and begins a 20-month survey of the planet.source
  • 2018The 2018 North American heat wave takes place, killing 33 people in the Canadian province of Quebec.source
  • 2020In the 2020 Dominican Republic general election, Luis Abinader is elected president.source
  • 2021More than 1,000 Afghan soldiers flee to neighbouring Tajikistan after clashing with Taliban militants.source

Births

  • 182Sun Quan, Chinese emperor of the Eastern Wu state (died 252)source
  • 465Ahkal Moʼ Nahb I, Maya ruler of Palenque (died 524)source
  • 980Mokjong, king of Goryeo (Korea) (died 1009)source
  • 1029Al-Mustansir Billah, caliph of the Fatimid Caliphate (died 1094)source
  • 1321Joan of the Tower, queen consort of Scotland (died 1362)source
  • 1447Costanzo I Sforza, Italian noble (died 1483)source
  • 1466Giovanni Sforza, Italian noble (died 1510)source
  • 1480Philip of the Palatinate, Bishop of Freising and Naumburg (died 1541)source
  • 1487Johann Gramann, German theologian (died 1541)source
  • 1512Cristoforo Madruzzo, Italian Catholic cardinal (died 1578)source
  • 1522Margaret of Austria, regent of the Netherlands (died 1586)source
  • 1549Francesco Maria del Monte, Italian Catholic cardinal (died 1627)source
  • 1554Elisabeth of Austria, Queen of France (died 1592)source
  • 1586Thomas Hooker, prominent Puritan colonial leader (died 1647)source
  • 15955 July Guru Hargobind, the sixth of the ten gurus of Sikhism is born in Punjab, (dies 1644)source
  • 1653Thomas Pitt, British Governor of Madras (died 1726)source
  • 1675Mary Walcott, American accuser at the Salem witch trialssource
  • 1718Francis Seymour-Conway, 1st Marquess of Hertford, Viceroy of Ireland (died 1794)source
  • 1755Sarah Siddons, Welsh-born actress (died 1831)source
  • 1780François Carlo Antommarchi, French physician (died 1838)source
  • 1794Sylvester Graham, American nutritionist, inventor (died 1851)source
  • 1801David Farragut, American admiral (died 1870)source
  • 1802July 5 (June 23 O.S.) – Pavel Nakhimov, Russian admiral (died 1855)source
  • 1805Robert FitzRoy, English meteorologist, captain and politician (died 1865)source
  • 18055 July (in England): Robert FitzRoy, 2nd Governor of New Zealandsource
  • 1810P. T. Barnum, American showman (died 1891)source
  • 1851Haji-Mirza Hassan Roshdieh, Iranian cleric and educator.source
  • 1853Cecil Rhodes, English businessman (died 1902)source
  • 1886Willem Drees, Dutch politician and historian, 30th Prime Minister of the Netherlands (died 1988)source
  • 1896Thomas Playford IV, South Australian politician (died 1981)source
  • 1989Dejan Lovren, footballersource
  • 1994Shohei Ohtani, Japanese baseball playersource
  • 2005Sombr, American singersource

Deaths

  • 905Cui Yuan, Chinese chancellorsource
  • 905Lu Yi, Chinese chancellor (born 847)source
  • 905Pei Shu, Chinese chancellor (born 841)source
  • 905Wang Pu, Chinese chancellorsource
  • 936Xu Ji, official and chancellor of Former Shusource
  • 967Murakami, emperor of Japan (born 926)source
  • 967Emperor Murakami dies after a 21-year reign. He is succeeded by his 17-year-old son Reizei, who is insane and becomes the 63rd emperor of Japan.source
  • 1080Ísleifur Gissurarson, Icelandic bishop (born 1006)source
  • 1091William of Hirsau, German abbot and music theoristsource
  • 1108Guy of Hauteville, Italo-Norman diplomatsource
  • 1286July 5 (or 4) – Hartmann V, German nobleman and bishopsource
  • 1375Charles III of Alençon, French archbishop (born 1337)source
  • 1413Musa Çelebi, Ottoman prince and co-ruler of the Ottoman Empiresource
  • 1434Slightly more than three months after claiming the Grand Principality of Moscow, Yury of Zvenigorod dies suddenly at the age of 59 and is succeeded by his son, Vasily Kosoy.source
  • 1468Alfonso, Prince of Asturias (born 1453)source
  • 1474Eric II, Duke of Pomerania-Wolgast (born 1418)source
  • 1484Hélie de Bourdeilles, Franciscan, Archbishop of Tours and cardinal (born 1423)source
  • 1507Crinitus, Italian humanist (born 1475)source
  • 1527General Div Sultan Rumlu, the regent for the 13-year old Tahmasp I, the Safavid Shah of Iran, is assassinated and replaced by Chukha Sultan Tekali.source
  • 1539St Anthony Maria Zaccaria, Italian saint (born 1502)source
  • 1565James MacDonald, 6th of Dunnyvegsource
  • 1572Longqing Emperor of China (born 1537)source
  • 1659Five women are executed by hanging at Rome after being convicted of murder in the Spana Prosecution by distributing the powerful Aqua Tofana poison, sold primarily to women wishing to get rid of their husbands. Put to death on the same day are Gironima Spana, Giovanna De Grandis, Maria Spinola, Graziosa Farina and Laura Crispoldi, in the public square at the Campo de' Fiori.source
  • 1701Pier Matteo Petrucci, Roman Catholic cardinal (born 1636)source
  • 1816Dorothea Jordan, Irish-born actress, mistress of the future King William IV of the United Kingdom (born 1761)source
  • 1826Stamford Raffles, British colonial governor, founder of Singapore (born 1781)source
  • 1833Nicéphore Niépce, French photography pioneer (born 1765)source
  • 1970Air Canada Flight 621 crashes near Toronto International Airport, Toronto, Ontario through pilot error; all 109 passengers and crew are killed.source
  • 2002Ted Williams, 83, American baseball player (Boston Red Sox), manager (Washington Senators/Texas Rangers) and member of the MLB Hall of Fame, heart attack.source
  • 2025July 4–7 – At least 135 people are killed and over a hundred reported missing during a flood in Central Texas, United States.source