/year

September 29 in history

249 sourced entries recorded on September 29, from 522 BCE to 2024 CE. Every line is quoted from the revision it came from.

Events

  • 440Leo I begins to formulate Orthodoxy and condemns Eutychianism, an extreme form of monophysitism which holds that the human nature of Christ is absorbed by His divine nature.source
  • 518Severus, patriarch of Antioch, is deposed by a synod for his Monophysitism. Paul the Jew is appointed to replace him.source
  • 1011Siege of Canterbury: Danish Viking raiders led by Thorkell the Tall pillage Canterbury after a siege, taking Ælfheah, archbishop of Canterbury, as a prisoner.source
  • 1096Siege of Xerigordos: Sultan Kilij Arslan I sends a Seljuk expeditionary force to assault and recapture the castle of Xerigordos. They cut off the water supply, and Rainald of Breis is forced to surrender. Many of the crusaders are killed but others convert to Islam and become slaves.source
  • 1187September 20–October 2 – Siege of Jerusalem: Egyptian army under Saladin captures Jerusalem, after the Crusaders led by Balian of Ibelin surrender the 'Holy City'. The take-over of the city is relatively peaceful; Saladin agrees to let the Muslims and Christians leave the city, taking with them their goods. Balian joins his wife Maria Komnene and family, in the County of Tripoli.source
  • 1223King James I of Aragon halts the minting of new coins for the next seven years in order to prevent the devaluation of the kingdom's medium of exchange.source
  • 1227Gregory IX excommunicates Frederick II, due to his broken promises and delay of the Sixth Crusade.source
  • 1258Consecration of the newly rebuilt Salisbury Cathedral in England.source
  • 1267Treaty of Montgomery: King Henry III of England acknowledges Llywelyn ap Gruffudd's title of Prince of Wales.source
  • 1278Reconquista: Aragonese forces led by King Peter III take the Muslim stronghold of Montesa, putting an end to two years of Mudéjar rebellion. The defeated Muslims are expelled from the realm and go into exile.source
  • 1306The Hatuna Games are played in Sweden. Duke's Eric Magnusson and Valdemar Magnusson, arrive at the estate of their brother, King Birger Magnusson, by Lake Malar. They are invited as guests at a feast, but during the night Birger and his wife, Martha of Denmark, are captured by the two brothers and are imprisoned in the dungeon at Nyköping Castle – while Eric and Valdemar jointly take over the Swedish throne.source
  • 1314In exchange for captured English nobles, Edward II releases Elizabeth de Burgh, wife of Robert the Bruce, his sister Mary Bruce, and his daughter Marjorie Bruce.source
  • 1318Alexander de Bicknor arrives in Ireland.source
  • 1364Battle of Auray: The Breton War of Succession ends, with the victory of the House of Montfort over Charles of Blois.source
  • 1369The Treaty of Scharding is signed between Duke Albrecht III of Austria and Duke Stephen II of Bavaria to end the dispute over control of Tyrol.source
  • 1397John Holland, Earl of Huntingdon is created Duke of Exeter, by his half-brother King Richard II of England.source
  • 1397Ralph Neville, Baron Neville is created as the first Earl of Westmorland.source
  • 1397Thomas Holland, 3rd Earl of Kent, John's brother, is created Duke of Surrey by King Richard.source
  • 1422The Duke of Bedford Regent for King Henry VI of England, summons the members of Parliament to assemble at Westminster on November 9.source
  • 1427Lam Sơn uprising: China's General Liu Sheng arrives at China's border with Vietnam where a meeting is held with rebel leader Lê Lợi, who proposes settling the war by recognizing Tran Cao's rule as King of Đại Việt. The proposal is a pretext for Liu Sheng's army being lured into an ambush that soon follows, with 70,000 Chinese troops killed.source
  • 1434Pope Eugene IV issues the papal bull Regimini gregis, condemning the enslavement by the Kingdom of Castile of the Guanches, the indigenous people of the Canary Islands. An order to free the slaves follows three months later.source
  • 1445In Normandy, Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York of England's House of Plantagenet, completes his five-year term as Lieutenant-general of British-occupied France and Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset takes his place. He returns to England on October 20.source
  • 1464King Edward IV of England surprises his advisors and the nation by introducing Elizabeth Woodville as his wife at Reading Abbey, and revealing that he had been married for almost five months, the ceremony having taken place on May 1. The marriage outrages King Edward's mentor, Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick, who had been arranging a marriage between the King and Bona of Savoy, sister-in-law of France's King Louis XI.source
  • 1465King Ferrante of Naples creates the award Order of the Ermine (L’Ordre de l’Hermine)source
  • 1482King James III is allowed to walk out of Edinburgh Castle in the wake of the English siege led by his brother, Alexander, Duke of Albany.source
  • 1502Anne of Foix-Candale is proclaimed Queen of Hungary upon her marriage to Vladislaus II, King of Hungary and Bohemia, at a ceremony in Székesfehérvár.source
  • 1538The last significant volcanic eruption in the Phlegraean Fields of Italy begins and lasts one week.source
  • 1549Shimazu Takahisa, the ruling daimyo of Japan's Satsuma Province, welcomes the Jesuit party of Francis Xavier.source
  • 1560Eric XIV becomes King of Sweden, upon the death of his father, Gustav Vasa.source
  • 1567The Second War of Religion begins in France, when Louis I, Prince of Condé and Gaspard de Coligny fail in an attempt to capture King Charles IX and his mother at Meaux. The Huguenots do capture several cities (including Orléans), and march on Paris.source
  • 1567The Second War of Religion is triggered by the events of yesterday. Huguenots go on to capture several cities (including Orléans) and march on Paris.source
  • 1568The Swedish king Eric XIV is deposed by his half-brothers John and Charles. John proclaims himself king John III the next day.source
  • 1568The King is arrested, imprisoned and deposed by his brotherssource
  • 1569Maha Thammarachathirat is installed by the Burmese Army as the vassal king of Ayutthaya.source
  • 1573Essex is granted a commission of "general captainship in all Ulster". His troops encamp for the winter at Belfast while opposition is gathered by Brian O'Neill and Turlough Luineach O'Neill.source
  • 1580Five of the seven provinces of the Dutch Republic (with the exception of Zeeland and Holland) sign the Treaty of Plessis-les-Tours, recognizing Francis, Duke of Anjou as the Republic's sovereign.source
  • 1613The New River is opened, to supply London with drinking water from Hertfordshire.source
  • 1650Henry Robinson opens his Office of Addresses and Encounters, a form of employment exchange, in Threadneedle Street, London.source
  • 1650Henry Robinson opens his Office of Addresses and Encounters, a form of employment exchange, in Threadneedle Street, London.source
  • 1653In India, the third and final attempt by the Mughal Empire, to recapture the city of Kandahar from the Safavid Empire, ends in failure after almost six months despite the presence of 70,000 Mughal soldiers under the command of Prince Dara Shukoh.source
  • 1655September 20 – September 30 - Battle of Nowy Dwór Mazowieckisource
  • 1662The first payments under England's hearth tax law, enacted on May 19, become due.source
  • 1669The formal coronation of Michał Korybut Wiśniowiecki as King of Poland (and Grand Duke of Lithuania) takes place in Kraków.source
  • 1671King Christian V established the Countship of Larvik.source
  • 1685The first organised street lighting is introduced by the city of London in England, as Edward Hemming begins carrying out his contract to be paid for lighting an oil lamp "at every tenth house on main streets between 6 PM and midnight between September 29 and March 25" on nights in the autumn and winter without adequate moonlight.source
  • 1685the first organised street lighting, using oil lamps, is established in London by Edward Hemming.source
  • 1688The Norwegian Code enters into force.source
  • 1689September 28–29 – A total lunar eclipse is visible in eastern America, western Europe and west Africa.source
  • 1714The Great Hatred: the Cossacks of the Tsardom of Russia kill about 800 people overnight on the Finnish island of Hailuoto.source
  • 1714The Great Hatred: the Cossacks of the Russian Empire kill about 800 people overnight on the Finnish island of Hailuoto.source
  • 1716the original Portland Bill Lighthouse is first illuminated.source
  • 1717Guatemala earthquake: A 7.4 magnitude earthquake strikes Antigua Guatemala, destroying much of the city, and making authorities consider moving the capital of Guatemala to a different location.source
  • 1719Muhammad Shah is crowned as the 12th Mughal Emperor of India at Shahjahanabad (modern-day Delhi), 12 days after the death of Shah Jahan II from tuberculosis.source
  • 1724J. S. Bach leads the first performance of Herr Gott, dich loben alle wir, BWV 130, for the feast of archangel Michael, based on Paul Eber's hymn in twelve stanzas.source
  • 1729The Battle of Damghan begins as the Persian Safavid Army, commanded by General Nader Khan Afshar confronts a larger force of rebel Afghan troops commanded by the Emir Ashraf Hotak.source
  • 1736The Gin Act 1736 goes into effect, placing a steep tax on the sale of gin and license requirements for its sale, with the intent of reducing consumption of the liquor in Britain. Widely ignored, the Act is repealed in 1743.source
  • 1736Gin Act 1736 comes into effect in an attempt to curtail the Gin Craze.source
  • 1762September 24–October 6 – Battle of Manila: Troops of the British East India Company take Manila from the Spanish, leading to the British occupation of Manila and its being made an open port.source
  • 1767The Spanish Empire's Governorate of the Río de la Plata and Governorate of Paraguay begin the process of expulsion of the 456 members of the Society of Jesus (the Jesuits) from southern South America, placing them on five ships bound for Spain.source
  • 1768September 22–29 – The Massachusetts Convention of Towns, assembling in Boston, resolves on a written objection to the impending arrival of British troops rather than more militant action but causes panic in London.source
  • 1774Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's semi-autobiographical epistolary novel The Sorrows of Young Werther (Die Leiden des jungen Werthers) (written January–March) is published anonymously in Leipzig, Germany; it is influential in the Sturm und Drang movement and Romanticism.source
  • 1780The Danish ship-of-the-line Printz Friderich runs aground on the Kobbergrund shoal and is a total losssource
  • 1780Sir Watkin Lewes is elected Lord Mayor of London.source
  • 1789The U.S. Department of War establishes the nation's first regular army, with a strength of several hundred men.source
  • 1791The West Coast of Australia is claimed by British Commander George Vancouver when he sailed into King George Sound, previously only the east coast had been claimed for the Crown.source
  • 1791the King's son Prince Frederick, Duke of York, marries Princess Frederica Charlotte of Prussia at Charlottenburg.source
  • 1792first St Patrick's Church, Soho Square, London (Roman Catholic) consecrated as a chapel.source
  • 1799The Second Roman Republic, a puppet state formed by the French Army after they dissolve the Papal States and the occupation of Rome, is dissolved 19 months after its creation on February 15, 1798.source
  • 1805Admiral Nelson of the British Royal Navy takes command of the fleet off the coast of Cádiz, in order to counteract the navies of France and Spain.source
  • 1807The world's oldest international football stadium, the Racecourse Ground, opens in Wrexham for horse racing; it will not host football games until 1872.source
  • 1808Finnish War: A truce is declared between Swedish and Russian troops in Finland.source
  • 1828Russo-Turkish War (1828–29): Varna is taken by the Russian army.source
  • 1829foundation stone of Tolbooth Church in Edinburgh is laid.source
  • 1829The first police officers of the Metropolitan Police Service, known by the nicknames "bobbies" or "peelers", go on patrol in London.source
  • 1833Three-year-old Isabella II becomes Queen of Spain, under the regency of her mother, Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies. Her uncle Don Carlos, Conde de Molina challenges her claim, beginning the First Carlist War.source
  • 1844Norfolk Island was transferred from the Colony of New South Wales to the Colony of Van Diemen's Landsource
  • 1848Battle of Pákozd: The Hungarian revolutionary army, led by János Móga, defeats the Croatian army of Josip Jelačić, forcing him to retreat towards Vienna.source
  • 1850Papal bull Universalis Ecclesiae: The Catholic hierarchy is re-established in England and Wales, by Pope Pius IX and future Pope Pius X.source
  • 1850By the Bull Universalis Ecclesiae, Pope Pius IX recreates the Roman Catholic hierarchy in England and Wales, which had become extinct with the death of the last Marian bishop in the reign of Elizabeth I, a move held by many Protestants to constitute "papal aggression". Nicholas Wiseman is appointed first Archbishop of Westminster and elevated to Cardinal. He issues a pastoral letter, From Without the Flaminian Gate, and on 21 November is enthroned in St George's Cathedral, Southwark.source
  • 1855The Port of Iloilo in the Philippines is opened to international trade, by Queen Isabella II of Spain. This year also the ports of Sual (modern-day Pangasinan) and Zamboanga City are opened to international trade.source
  • 1862New Prussian prime minister Otto von Bismarck delivers his Blood and Iron (Blut und Eisen) speech to the Prussian Landtag.source
  • 1864Signing of the Treaty of Lisbon, on boundaries between Spain and Portugalsource
  • 1875The Casa de Moneda de la República Argentina is inaugurated, under Law 733 of 1875 which ordered the creation of two mints, one in Buenos Aires and another in Salta.source
  • 1882229 Norwegians settle at the mouth of the Umzimkulu River, founding Port Shepstone.source
  • 1883A consortium of flour mill operators in Minneapolis forms the Minneapolis, Sault Ste. Marie and Atlantic Railway, as a means to get their product to the Great Lakes ports, avoiding the high tariffs of Chicago.source
  • 1887Football club Hamburger SV was founded.source
  • 1891Thyssen, predecessor of the Thyssen Krupp worldwide conglomerate, is founded in Duisburg, Germany.source
  • 1891Thomas McGreevy is expelled from the House of Commons due to corruption.source
  • 1895September 24–October 3 – the Automobile Club de France sponsors the longest race to date, a 1,710 km event, from Bordeaux to Agen and back. Because it is held in ten stages, it can be considered the first rally. The first three places are taken by two Panhards and a three-wheeler De Dion-Bouton.source
  • 1903Prussia becomes the second jurisdiction to require mandatory driver's licenses for operators of motor vehicles, after New York State in 1901.source
  • 1911Italy declares war on the Ottoman Empire.source
  • 1911Italy declares war on the Ottoman Empire over claims in Libya. The Italo-Turkish War would go on until October 18, 1912. The Italian fleet appeared off Tripoli in the evening of September 28, but only began bombarding the port on October 3. The city was conquered by 1,500 sailors, much to the enthusiasm of the interventionist minority in Italy. Another proposal for a diplomatic settlement was rejected by the Italians, and the Turks determined therefore to defend the province. As a result of this conflict, Italy captured Ottoman Tripolitania. These territories together formed what became known as Italian Libya. During the conflict, Italian forces also occupied the Dodecanese islands in the Aegean Sea.source
  • 1913Second Balkan War: The Treaty of Constantinople is signed in Istanbul, between the Ottoman Empire and the Kingdom of Bulgaria.source
  • 1916John D. Rockefeller becomes the first person to reach a nominal personal fortune of US$1 billionsource
  • 1916September 29-October 5 – Flămânda Offensivesource
  • 1917September 26–October 3 – WWI: Battle of Polygon Wood (part of the Battle of Passchendaele) near Ypres in Belgium – British and Australian troops capture positions from the Germans.source
  • 1918Battle of St Quentin Canal begins; Allied forces advance towards the Hindenburg Line.source
  • 1920The first domestic radio sets come to stores in the United States; a Westinghouse radio costs $10.source
  • 1921Ludwig III of Bavaria arrives to Sárvár where he spends his last weekssource
  • 1922Drums in the Night (Trommeln in der Nacht) becomes the first play by Bertolt Brecht to be staged, at the Munich Kammerspiele.source
  • 1923The League of Nations Mandate for Palestine (1922) comes into effect, officially creating under British administration the protectorates of Palestine and the separate Emirate of Transjordan under Abdullah I. The French-administered Mandate for Syria and Lebanon also takes effect.source
  • 1923The first American Track & Field championships for women are held in New Jersey.source
  • 1927The East St. Louis Tornado kills 79 people and injures 550, the 2nd costliest and at least 24th deadliest tornado in U.S. history.source
  • 1934October – Folk song collector John Lomax makes the first recordings of "Rock Island Line" at prison farms in Arkansas.source
  • 1935The London and North Eastern Railway's first A4 Class streamlined steam locomotive A4 2509 Silver Link makes her inaugural journey, from London King's Cross.source
  • 1938Munich Agreement: German, Italian, British and French leaders agree to German demands regarding annexation of the Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia. The Czechoslovak government is largely excluded from the negotiations, and is not a signatory to the agreement.source
  • 1938Colonel Graham Christie, former British military attaché in Berlin, is told by Carl Friedrich Goerdeler that the mobilization of the Royal Navy has badly damaged the popularity of the Nazi regime, as the German public realizes that Fall Grün is likely to cause a world war.source
  • 1938The Republic of Hatay is declared in Syria; it lasts for less than a year.source
  • 1941WWII: The Moscow Conference begins: neutral U.S. representative Averell Harriman and British representative Lord Beaverbrook meet with Soviet foreign minister Vyacheslav Molotov to arrange urgent assistance for Russia.source
  • 1941The Moscow Conference; U.S. representative Averell Harriman and British representative Lord Beaverbrook meet with Soviet foreign minister Molotov to arrange assistance.source
  • 1941September 29–30 – The Holocaust: Babi Yar massacre – German troops, assisted by Ukrainian police and local collaborators, kill 33,771 Jews in Kyiv.source
  • 1943September 22–October 2 – WWII: Landing at Scarlet Beach on the Huon Peninsula of New Guinea by Allied forces, the first time Australian troops have made an opposed amphibious landing since the Gallipoli Campaign of 1915.source
  • 1948Laurence Olivier's film of Hamlet opens in the U.S.source
  • 1949The first plenary session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference approves a design for the flag of the People's Republic of China.source
  • 1949Iva Toguri D'Aquino is found guilty in the United States of broadcasting for Japan as "Tokyo Rose" at the end of World War II.source
  • 1954the Governor-General of Pakistan, Ghulam Mohammad declared a state of emergency, dissolved the Constituent Assembly and appointed a new Council of Ministers on the grounds that the existing one no longer represented the people of Pakistan.source
  • 1955September 21–30 – Hurricane Janet, one of the strongest North Atlantic tropical cyclones on record, sweeps the Lesser Antilles and Mexico, causing more than 1,020 deaths.source
  • 1956Entry into service of the electrified railway lines between Luxembourg City and Thionville, and Luxembourg City and Arlon.source
  • 1957The Kyshtym disaster occurs at the Mayak nuclear reprocessing plant in Russia.source
  • 1960At the United Nations General Assembly, Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev angrily interrupts British Prime Minister Harold Macmillan, banging the desk and shouting in Russian. Macmillan drily says "I should like that to be translated, if I may".source
  • 1962The Canadian Alouette 1, the first satellite built outside the United States and the Soviet Union, is launched from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California.source
  • 1962Alouette 1, Canada's first satellite, is launched.source
  • 1963The second period of the Second Vatican Council in Rome opens.source
  • 1966Hurricane Inez strikes Hispaniola, leaving thousands dead and tens of thousands homeless in the Dominican Republic and Haiti.source
  • 1968A referendum in Greece gives more power to the military junta.source
  • 1969Rwandan general election, 1969source
  • 1970In Berlin, Red Army Faction members rob three banks, with loot totaling over DM 200,000.source
  • 1971September 27–October 11 – Japanese Emperor Hirohito travels abroad.source
  • 1971A cyclone in the Bay of Bengal, in the Indian state of Orissa, kills 10,000.source
  • 1972China–Japan relations: The Joint Communiqué of the Government of Japan and the Government of the People's Republic of China is signed in Beijing, which normalizes Japanese diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China after breaking official ties with the Republic of China (Taiwan).source
  • 1979Pope John Paul II, in Drogheda at the start of a 3-day visit to Ireland, appeals for an end to violence in Northern Ireland. Plans for him to extend his visit to Northern Ireland have been abandoned.source
  • 1979The overthrown dictator Francisco Macías Nguema of Equatorial Guinea is convicted of genocide and executed by firing squad.source
  • 1981September 27–29 – Iran–Iraq War: Iranian forces break the Siege of Abadan in Operation Samen-ol-A'emeh.source
  • 1982Chicago Tylenol murders: an unknown killer laces Tylenol capsules with potassium cyanide that kills seven in Chicago, Illinois.source
  • 1982An Aeroflot flight crashes whilst landing at Luxembourg-Findel, killing six.source
  • 1984In the early morning, police in Sicily apprehend 366 people they suspect to be involved in the activities of Cosa Nostra.source
  • 198729 September–8 October – 1987 anti-Sinhalese riots: Tamil mobs and the LTTE perpetuate a series of riots and massacres against Sinhalese civilians in the Eastern Province, resulting in the deaths of over 200 Sinhalese civilians and displacing thousands more.source
  • 1988STS-26: NASA resumes Space Shuttle flights, grounded after the Challenger disaster, with Space Shuttle Discovery.source
  • 1990September 29–30 – The United Nations World Summit for Children draws more than 70 world leaders to United Nations Headquarters.source
  • 1990Washington National Cathedral is finished.source
  • 1990Singapore's first liver transplant is performed on 25-year-old Surinder Kaur, led by Dr Susan Lim from the National University Hospital. The operation is declared successful.source
  • 1990The Tampere Hall, the largest concert and congress center in the Nordic countries, was inaugurated in Tampere, Finland.source
  • 1991September 21 – 30 – Iraq disarmament crisis: IAEA inspectors discover files on Iraq's hidden nuclear weapons program. Iraqi officials refuse to let them leave with the documents, prompting a standoff that continues until the UN Security Council threatens enforcement actions on Iraq.source
  • 1991Salvadoran Civil War: An army colonel of the Atlácatl Battalion is found guilty of the 1989 murders of six Jesuits.source
  • 1997The Taliban arrest European Union Commissioner for Humanitarian Affairs Emma Bonino, EU delegates, and journalists for taking pictures in a women's hospital in Kabul. They are released the same day.source
  • 1998The Kurdish civil war officially ends with the signing of the Washington agreement.source
  • 200229 September – 14 October — Malaysia at the 2002 Asian Games in Busan, South Korea.source
  • 2002September 21–October 4 – Hurricane Lili crosses Cuba and several other Caribbean islands before making landfall in Louisiana.source
  • 2003The United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime comes into force.source
  • 2003Hurricane Kate first reaches hurricane status.source
  • 2006Gol Transportes Aéreos Flight 1907, a Boeing 737-800, collides with an Embraer Legacy 600 over the Amazon rainforest, killing all 154 occupants on board the 737 whereas all 7 on board the Legacy survive.source
  • 2009A 8.1 Mw earthquake strikes Samoa, with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VII (Very strong), leaving at least 192 people dead.source
  • 2010Ghana and Togo begin cooperation to tackle cross-border crime near Aflaosource
  • 2016the Enlargement Commissioner of the European Union Johannes Hahn mentioned the Cham issue as an "existing one" between Albania and Greece, alongside other matters that the two countries needed to resolve.source
  • 2022September 27–September 30 – Hurricane Ian impacts Cuba and the United States, causing catastrophic damage to both nations, killing at least 157 people, 16 missing, and leaving millions without power, including the entire nation of Cuba.source
  • 2022September 22 – October 1 – The 2022 FIBA Women's Basketball World Cup is held in Sydney, Australia. In the final, the United States wins 83–61 against China.source
  • 20242024 Austrian legislative election: Far-right Freedom Party secures a historical victory, but does not reach a majority in the National Council. The results are deemed the first far-right win since World War II.source

Births

  • 106 BCEPompey the Great, Roman general and politician (died 48 BC)source
  • 929Qian Chu, king of Wuyue (died 988)source
  • 1240Margaret, queen consort of Scotland (died 1275)source
  • 1276Christopher II, king of Denmark (died 1332)source
  • 1287John Hastings, English nobleman (died 1325)source
  • 1305Henry XIV, German nobleman and co-ruler (died 1339)source
  • 1325Francesco I da Carrara, Italian nobleman (died 1393)source
  • 1328Joan of Kent, princess of Wales, spouse of Edward the Black Prince (died 1385)source
  • 1402Ferdinand the Holy Prince of Portugal (died 1443)source
  • 1403Elisabeth of Brandenburg, Duchess of Brzeg-Legnica and Cieszyn, German princess (died 1449)source
  • 1460Louis II de la Trémoille, French military leader (died 1525)source
  • 1460Louis II de la Trémoille, soldier (died 1525)source
  • 1463Louis I, Count of Löwenstein and founder of the House of Löwenstein-Wertheim (died 1523)source
  • 1511Michael Servetus, Spanish theologian (died 1553)source
  • 1527John Lesley, Scottish bishop (died 1596)source
  • 1538Joan Terès i Borrull, Viceroy of Catalonia (died 1603)source
  • 1547Miguel de Cervantes, Spanish fiction writer (died 1616)source
  • 1548William V, Duke of Bavaria (died 1626)source
  • 1571Caravaggio, Venetian artist (died 1610)source
  • 1574Ludovic Stewart, 2nd Duke of Lennox, Scottish nobleman and politician (died 1624)source
  • 1602Algernon Percy, 10th Earl of Northumberland, English military leader (died 1668)source
  • 1618Michiel Sweerts, Flemish painter (died 1664)source
  • 1636Thomas Tenison, Archbishop of Canterbury (died 1715)source
  • 1636Thomas Tenison, Archbishop of Canterbury (died 1715)source
  • 1639William Russell, Lord Russell, English politician (died 1683)source
  • 1659Michael Dahl, painter (died 1743)source
  • 1678Adrien Maurice de Noailles, 3rd Duke of Noailles, French soldier (died 1766)source
  • 1699Charles Calvert, 5th Baron Baltimore, British nobleman and Proprietary Governor of the Province of Maryland (died 1751)source
  • 1699Charles Calvert, 5th Baron Baltimore, English noble and Proprietary Governor of the Province of Maryland (died 1751)source
  • 1703François Boucher, French painter (died 1770)source
  • 1703Baltzer Fleischer, civil servant and county governor (died 1767).source
  • 1710Johann Andreas Michael Nagel, German Hebrew scholar and Orientalist (died 1788)source
  • 1725Robert Clive, British general, statesman (died 1774)source
  • 1725Robert Clive, 1st Baron Clive, general and statesman (died 1774)source
  • 1749Catarina de Lencastre, Viscountess of Balsemão, noblewoman, poet and playwright (died 1824).source
  • 1758Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson, British admiral (died 1805)source
  • 1778Thomas Warsop, English cricketer (died 1845)source
  • 1786Guadalupe Victoria, 1st President of Mexico (died 1843)source
  • 1796Hjálmar Jónsson, poet.source
  • 1810Elizabeth Gaskell, British novelist (died 1865)source
  • 1831John Schofield, American general (died 1906)source
  • 1838Henry Hobson Richardson, American architect (died 1886)source
  • 1842Sir Joseph Palmer Abbott, New South Wales politician (died 1901)source
  • 1847Kamal-ol-molk, Iranian artist.source
  • 1851Hardwicke Rawnsley, English clergyman, poet, writer of hymns and conservationist (died 1920)source
  • 1876Charlie Llewellyn, first non-white South African Test cricketer (died 1964)source
  • 1881Ludwig von Mises, Austrian economist (died 1973)source
  • 1882Lilias Armstrong, English phonetician (died 1937)source
  • 1907Gene Autry, American actor, singer, and businessman (died 1998)source
  • 1935Jerry Lee Lewis, American rock & roll musician (died 2022)source
  • 1936Silvio Berlusconi, 50th Prime Minister of Italy, media entrepreneur (died 2023)source
  • 1941Fred West, English serial killer, suicide (died 1995)source
  • 1943Lech Wałęsa, President of Poland, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prizesource
  • 1951Michelle Bachelet, President of Chilesource
  • 1961Julia Gillard, 27th Prime Minister of Australiasource
  • 1988Kevin Durant, American basketball playersource
  • 1994Halsey, American singersource

Deaths

  • 522 BCEBardiya, ruler of ancient Persiasource
  • 722Leudwinus, Frankish bishopsource
  • 855Emperor Lothair I dies after a 15-year reign (co-ruling with his father Louis the Pious until 840). He divides the Middle Frankish Kingdom between his three sons in an agreement called the Treaty of Prüm—the eldest, Louis II, receives the northern half of Italy and the title of Holy Roman Emperor. The second, Lothair II, receives Lotharingia (the Low Countries and Upper Burgundy). The youngest, Charles, receives Lower Burgundy and Provence.source
  • 855Lothair I, Frankish king and emperor (born 795)source
  • 1025Louis I, count of Chiny and Verdunsource
  • 1186William of Tyre, Archbishop of Tyre (born c. 1130)source
  • 1217Jean de Montmirail, French monk (born 1165)source
  • 1225Arnaud Amalric, French abbot and bishopsource
  • 1227Conrad of Urach, German cardinal-bishopsource
  • 1274September 26–29 – Henry I Kőszegi ("the Great"), Hungarian nobleman (born 1210)source
  • 1288Matilda of Brabant, French noblewoman (born 1224)source
  • 1298Guido I da Montefeltro, Italian military strategistsource
  • 1300Juliana FitzGerald, Lady of Thomond, Norman noblewoman (born 1263)source
  • 1313Imagina of Limburg, queen consort of Germany (born 1255)source
  • 1325Keizan Jōkin, Japanese Zen Master (born 1268)source
  • 1360Joanna I of Auvergne, queen consort of France (born 1326)source
  • 1364Charles I, Duke of Brittany (born 1319)source
  • 1501Andrew Stewart, Scottish bishop (born 1442)source
  • 1512Johannes Engel, German doctor, astronomer and astrologer (born 1453)source
  • 1560King Gustav I of Sweden (born 1496)source
  • 1560Gustav I, monarch (born 1496). After having suffered from declining health throughout the 1550s, Gustav ultimately died on September 29, 1560, at Tre Kronor castle, Stockholm. Gustav is renowned as the founder of modern Sweden.source
  • 1609Ebba Månsdotter (Lilliehöök), notorious countess and country administrator (born 1529)source
  • 1622Conrad Vorstius, German-Dutch Remonstrant theologian (born 1569)source
  • 1637The last five of the "16 Martyrs of Japan" are executed for illegally attempting to spread Christianity in Japan. Lorenzo Ruiz, Guillaume Courtet, Michael de Aozaraza, Vincent Shiwozuka and Lazarus of Kyoto are all put to death by the slow hanging torture of ana-tsurushi. They will be canonized 350 years later as saints of the Roman Catholic Church, on October 18, 1987.source
  • 1716David Edwards, Independent minister, 56source
  • 1833King Ferdinand VII of Spain (born 1784)source
  • 1879Meeker Massacre: Nathan Meeker and others are killed in an uprising at the White River Ute Indian reservation in Colorado.source
  • 1902Émile Zola, French author (born 1840)source
  • 1908Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis, novelist, poet, playwright, short story writer, and monarchist (born 1839)source
  • 1910Winslow Homer, American painter (born 1836)source
  • 1941September 16–30 – The Nikolaev massacre takes place in Mykolaiv (Soviet Union); 35,782 men, women and children, mostly Jews, are killed by Einsatzgruppe D and local collaborators.source
  • 1973W. H. Auden, British-American poet (born 1973 in England)source
  • 1981Bill Shankly, 68, Scottish footballer, manager of Liverpool F.C. from 1959 until 1974,cardiac arrest.source
  • 2001Nguyễn Văn Thiệu, 78, South Vietnamese military officer and politician, 2nd President of South Vietnam, stroke.source
  • 2019September 19 – 30 Afghan nut farmers are killed and 40 injured in a U.S. drone attack in Nangarhar Province.source