1507 CE

Eleven months after the Lisbon Massacre, King Manuel I of Portugal issues an edict permitting the cristãos-novos ("New Christians", Portuguese Jews who had been forced to convert to Christianity) to freely emigrate from the kingdom. Pope Julius II issues a damnatio memoriae forcing the members of the House of Borgia out of control of the Papal States. Henry VII arranges a marriage between his younger daughter, Mary Tudor and Habsburg Archduke Charles.

In the 1500s, the 16th century.

Geopolitics & Diplomacy

April 10 – Installed by the Revolutionary Council, Paolo da Novi becomes the first Doge of the Republic of Genoa in almost 19 years, after the office had been made vacant in 1488 by the conqueror Francesco Sforza. He reigns for only 18 days before fleeing from office by French occupation forces on April 28, and the dogeship will remain vacant again for five years.source
July 3 – Ferdinand II and Louis XII complete their six-day summit at Savona.source
July 3 – King Ferdinand II of Aragon and King Louis XII of France complete their six-day summit at Savona.France source
July 20 – King Ferdinand II of Aragon returns to Valencia to resume his rule of his Spanish kingdom.source
The Portuguese occupy Mozambique, and the islands of Socotra and Lamu.source

Conflict & Security

March 1 – Eleven months after the Lisbon Massacre, King Manuel I of Portugal issues an edict permitting the cristãos-novos ("New Christians", Portuguese Jews who had been forced to convert to Christianity) to freely emigrate from the kingdom.source
March 28 – The revolutionary council of the Republic of Genoa declares a war against French invaders.source
April 27 – In India, in what is now the state of Kerala, troops from the Kingdom of Cannanore begin a four-month siege of the Portuguese garrison at the Fort of Saint Angelo. Despite being outnumbered, the 150 defenders of the fort hold out for four months against 60,000 attackers until rescue arrives four months later.source
April 29 – French troops retake the city of Genoa after a seven-day siege, defeating rebels who had taken control in July 1506.source
May 14 – In Italy, King Louis XII of France departs from Genoa and makes a triumphant entry into Milan on May 24.source
May 14 – In Italy, King Louis XII departs from Genoa and makes a triumphant entry into Milan on May 24.France source
August 27 – A fleet of 11 ships from the Portuguese Navy's 8th Armada arrives in India and rescues the Portuguese defenders of the fort of Saint Angelo from the attack by the Kingdom of Cannanore.source
November 24 – Portuguese Admiral Tristao da Cunha, with 12 ships, attacks a fleet of 13 Muslim merchant ships leaving the Indian port of Ponnani, and is confronted by the forces of Kutti Ali. The Portuguese win the battle.source
The Electron Lahar occurs on Mount Rainier in Washington state.source
The Timurid Dynasty ends, when Uzbeks under Muhammad Shaybani capture the capital, Herat, and Emir Badi' al-Zaman Mirza flees.source
The siege of Cannanore (1507) from April to AugustIndia source

Exploration & Expansion

February 9 – The crew of the Portuguese ship Cirne, commanded by Diogo Fernandes Pereira, become the first Europeans to sight the Indian ocean island of Réunion, and name it Santa Apolonia.source
August 10 – Afonso de Albuquerque departs with six ships from the Yemeni island of Socotra to begin pillaging towns along the way to conquering the Persian Gulf port of Hormuz.source
September 26 – A fleet commanded by Portugal's Afonso de Albuquerque arrives at the port of Hormuz on the Persian Gulf and sets about to conquer it.source
October 10 – The Kingdom of Portugal conquers the island of Ormuz in the Persian Gulf.source
The Portuguese found the town of Stone Town in Mozambique.source
Thomas More leaves England to study on the Continent having made enemies amongst Henry VII's senior advisors.England source

Religion & Belief

April 3 – At Erfurt, German monk Martin Luther is ordained by the suffragan bishop Johann Bonemilch as a priest of the Catholic Church.source
7 April – Easter Day: James IV is invested with the Papal sword at Holyrood Abbey.Scotland source
May 14 – Lorenzo Lotto's painting, the Santa Cristina al Tiverone Altarpiece, is unveiled at the Church of Santa Cristina in the Italian city of Treviso.source
June 4 – Having been denied recognition by Pope Julius II as King of Naples, King Ferdinand II of Aragon departs from Naples to return to his home in Spain.source
November 26 – Pope Julius II issues a damnatio memoriae forcing the members of the House of Borgia out of control of the Papal States.source

Technology & Infrastructure

September 15 – King James IV grants a patent for the first printing press in Scotland, to Walter Chapman and Andrew Myllar "to furnis and bring hame ane prent, with all stuff belangand tharto, and expert men to use the samyne, for imprenting within our Realme of the bukis of our Lawis, actis of parliament, croniclis, mess bukis, and portuus efter the use of our Realme, with addicions and legendis of Scottis sanctis, now gaderit to be ekit tharto, and al utheris bukis that salbe sene necessar, and to sel the sammyn for competent pricis."source

Health & Medicine

April 27 – In Germany, the Imperial Diet of the Holy Roman Empire convenes at Konstanz and begins a series of reforms.source

Crime & Justice

Cardinal Cisneros is appointed inquisitor general of Castile.source

Culture & Society

January 24 – Sigismund I the Old is formally crowned King of Poland, at a ceremony in Kraków.source
March 11 – Italian mercenary leader and former prince Cesare Borgia, later cited by Niccolò Machiavelli in The Prince as an example of "conquest by fortune", completes his conquest of the Spanish city of Viana by driving out the defenders of the castle of the Count of Lerín, but makes the mistake of pursuing the fleeing enemy by himself. He is killed the next day by his captors.source
April 25 – Martin Waldseemüller publishes his Cosmographiae Introductio ("Introduction to Universal Cosmography") and accompanying wall map, the first to show the Americas as a separate continent, naming them in honour of Amerigo Vespucci, his friend and idol.source
June 28 – Ferdinand II is welcomed by Louis XII of France at the Italian city of Savona in a spectacular ceremony, and the two monarchs begin a series of meetings on the division of the Italian kingdoms between France and Spain.source
June 28 – King Ferdinand II of Aragon is welcomed by Louis XII at the Italian city of Savona in a spectacular ceremony, and the two monarchs begin a series of meetings on the division of the Italian kingdoms between France and Spain.France source
June – The tournament of the Wild Knight and the Black Lady is held in Edinburgh.Scotland source
15 September – Walter Chepman and Andrew Myllar are licensed to establish a printing press and granted a monopoly in printed books within Scotland.Scotland source
December 21 – Princess Mary of England, the 11-year-old daughter of King Henry VII, is betrothed to the 7-year-old Duke of Burgundy.source
21 December – Henry VII arranges a marriage between his younger daughter, Mary Tudor and Habsburg Archduke Charles.England source
Raphael paints The Deposition, among other works.source
The Aztec New Fire ceremony is held for the last time (according to Bernardino de Sahagún).source
Stephen Lynch fitz Dominick Dubh becomes the 23rd Mayor of GalwayIreland source

Births

January 14 – Catherine of Austria, Queen of Portugal (died 1578)source
January 25 – Johannes Oporinus, Swiss printer (died 1568)source
February 11 – Philip II, Metropolitan of Moscow, Russian Orthodox monk (died 1569)source
February 21 – James, Duke of Rothesay, Scottish prince (died 1508)source
21 February – James Stewart, Duke of Rothesay, son of James IV and Margaret Tudor, at Holyrood Palace.Scotland source
August 15 – George III, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau, German prince (died 1553)source
September 16 – Jiajing Emperor of China (died 1567)source
September 27 – Guillaume Rondelet, French physician (died 1566)source
October 1 – Johannes Sturm, German educator (died 1589)source
October 1 – Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola, Italian architect (died 1573)source
October 4 – Francis Bigod, British noble (died 1537)source
October 29 – Fernando Alvarez de Toledo, Spanish general (died 1582)source
December 18 – Ōuchi Yoshitaka, Japanese warlord (died 1551)source
Sir Ralph Sadler, English statesman (died 1587)source
Anne Boleyn, second queen of Henry VIII (born this year or 1501; d. 1536)source
Ralph Sadler, statesman (died 1587)England source
Nicholas Arnold, courtier (died 1580)England source
Juan de Juni, sculptor (born 1577)France source

Deaths

January 17 – Henry IV of Neuhaus (born 1442)source
5 February – John Fraser (bishop), first Dean of the Collegiate Church at Restalrig and Bishop of Ross.Scotland source
March 12 – Cesare Borgia, Italian general and statesman. (born 1475)source
March 21 – Jan Feliks "Szram" Tarnowski, Polish nobleman (born 1471)source
April 1 – Sigismondo d'Este, Italian nobleman (born 1433)source
April 2 – Francis of Paola, Italian founder of the Order of the Minims (born 1416)source
June 19 – Jean-François de la Trémoille, French Roman Catholic bishop and cardinal (b.1465)France source
July 5 – Crinitus, Italian humanist (born 1475)source
July 8 – Anna Notaras, Byzantine noblewoman (born 1436)source
July 29 – Martin Behaim, German navigator and geographer (born 1459)source
August 15 – John V, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg (born 1439)source
August 23 – Jean Molinet, French writer (born 1435)source
August 24 – Cecily of York, English princess (born 1469)source
24 August – Cecily of York, princess (born 1469)England source
November 20 – Arthur Lynch, 22nd Mayor of Galway, drowned.Ireland source
December – Ingeborg Tott, influential Swedish noblewoman, spouse of Swedish regent Sten Sture the eldersource
Date unknown – Agnes Jónsdóttir, Icelandic abbess (born year unknown)source