/year

June 28 in history

237 sourced entries recorded on June 28, from 202 CE to 2021 CE. Every line is quoted from the revision it came from.

Events

  • 800Ochk'in Kaloomte' Aj Ho' Baak becomes the new ruler of the Mayan city state of Machaquila in Guatemala and reigns until his death in 815.source
  • 1061Count Floris I is ambushed on a retreat from Zaltbommel and killed by German troops at Nederhemert. Most of West Frisia (later part of the County of Holland) is conquered and annexed by the Holy Roman Empire.source
  • 1098Following the Holy Lance discovery by Peter Bartholomew in Antioch, the Crusaders under Bohemond I (leaving only 200 men) sortie from the city and defeat the Seljuk army. Kerbogha is forced to withdraw to Mosul, the garrison in the citadel surrenders to Bohemond personally (who raises his banner above the city) and the Crusaders occupy Antioch. The Crusade is delayed for the rest of the year.source
  • 1113Battle of Al-Sannabra: The Crusaders led by Baldwin I are defeated (due to a feigned flight) by a Seljuk army under Mawdud ibn Altuntash, the Turkic governor (atabeg) of Mosul, at the Jordan River south of the Sea of Galilee. Mawdud sends raiding columns to ravage the countryside and sacks the town of Nablus.source
  • 1119Battle of Ager Sanguinis: The Crusader army of the Principality of Antioch under Roger of Salerno is ambushed and annihilated near Sarmada by the combined Muslim forces (20,000 men) of Ilghazi, the Artuqid ruler of Aleppo. Muslim troops are sent to raid the suburbs of Antioch and sack the port of Saint Symeon. The Crusader fortresses at Atarib, Zardana, Sarmin, Ma'arrat al-Nu'man and Kafr Tab are captured. Ilghazi makes a triumphant entry at Aleppo, Crusader prisoners are dragged in chains – where they are tortured to death in the streets. The massacre leads to the name of the battle, Ager Sanguinis (or "the Field of Blood").source
  • 1245First Council of Lyon: In a general church council held at Lyon, Innocent IV declares Emperor Frederick II excommunicated and deposed. He proclaims the Seventh Crusade.source
  • 1283A parliament of England summoned by Edward I to assemble at Shrewsbury Abbey to decide the fate of the Welsh prince Dafydd ap Gruffydd (captured on June 22) is the first to include commoners.source
  • 1308After 138 members of the Knights Templar were convicted of heresy on October 19, 1307, a trial is held for 54 Templars who testify before Pope Clement V, with most confessing to at least one charge.source
  • 1323Siege of Villa di Chiesa: Aragonese forces under Prince Alfonso IV the Kind begin the siege at Villa di Chiesa. The fortified town is founded by Count Ugolino della Gherardesca, but is now under the control of the Republic of Pisa. Alfonso attacks the town with some 1,000 men and several siege engines, while the citizens are starved to death.source
  • 1412As the Compromise of Carpe is read aloud by Friar Vicent Ferrer before a crowd, Ferdinand I is proclaimed as the King of Aragon by the deleagates at Caspe.source
  • 1461Edward, Richard of York's son, is crowned as Edward IV, King of England. He reigns until 1483.source
  • 1478A group of 500 of the Canarian natives, led by Adargoma, attack the Castilian invaders in the Battle of Guiniguada, and are forced to retreat from the larger and better armed Castilian force.source
  • 1495Battle of Seminara: The deposed King Ferdinand II of Naples and the reigning Spanish King Ferdinand II of Aragon, with forces commanded by Gonzalo Fernandez, are defeated by a French army commanded by Bernard Stewart, Lord of Aubigny.source
  • 1504After being marooned in Jamaica for six months, Christopher Columbus and his men are rescued by a Spanish ship.source
  • 1505planned marriage of Henry Tudor and Catherine of Aragon postponed when the dowry fails to arrive from Spain.source
  • 1507Ferdinand II is welcomed by Louis XII of France at the Italian city of Savona in a spectacular ceremony, and the two monarchs begin a series of meetings on the division of the Italian kingdoms between France and Spain.source
  • 1507King Ferdinand II of Aragon is welcomed by Louis XII at the Italian city of Savona in a spectacular ceremony, and the two monarchs begin a series of meetings on the division of the Italian kingdoms between France and Spain.source
  • 1513Pope Leo X sends a letter to Scotland's King James IV, threatening him with ecclesiastical censure or excommunication for breaking his peace treaties with England.source
  • 1539The Six Articles, an Act of the Parliament of England, is given royal assent reaffirms certain Catholic principles in Henry VIII's Church of England.source
  • 1550Capture of Mahdia (1550): The Spanish Armada arrives in North Africa to begin the process of capturing the fortress of Mahdia (now in Tunisia) from control of the Ottoman Empire.source
  • 1575Battle of Nagashino: Oda Nobunaga defeats Takeda Katsuyori in Japan's first modern battle.source
  • 1588Sir Valentine Browne purchases estates, including the Lakes of Killarney, from the estate of Donald Maccarty, 1st Earl of Clancare.source
  • 1592the outlawed Francis Stewart, 5th Earl of Bothwell, attempts to capture Falkland Palace and the king, accompanied by Walter Scott of Harden and James Scott of Balwearie, with the English border reivers Richie Graham of Brackenhill and Thomas Musgrave of Bewcastle, and others.source
  • 1593Lemaistre, president of the Parlement of Paris, decides that the Salic law and the Catholic rule of the kings of France under the fundamental laws of the kingdom are to be judged equally.source
  • 1613June 28 (July 8 N.S.) – From Jamestown, John Rolfe makes the first shipment to England of tobacco grown in Virginia, dispatching it on the ship The Elizabeth. The tobacco arrives in England after a voyage of three weeks.source
  • 1626A 7.0 magnitude earthquake strikes Lingqiu County, in China, killing 5,200 residents.source
  • 1629Huguenot rebellions: Louis XIII of France signs in his camp at Lédignan the Peace of Alès, ending the Huguenot rebellions. The Huguenots are allowed religious freedom, but lose their political, territorial and military rights.source
  • 1629Huguenot rebellions: Louis XIII, King of France, signs in his camp at Lédignan the Peace of Alès, ending the Huguenot rebellions. The Huguenots are allowed religious freedom, but lose their political, territorial and military rights.source
  • 1635France's Compagnie des Îles de l'Amérique begins its occupation of the Caribbean island of Guadeloupe, with Charles Liénard de L'Olive as its first Governor.source
  • 1645English Civil War: The Royalists lose Carlisle.source
  • 165828 June to 1 July – Siege of Berguessource
  • 1661The innovative Lincoln's Inn Fields Theatre opens in London with the first system for interchangeable scenery on a stage in the British Isles, and a production of William Davenant's opera The Siege of Rhodes.source
  • 1661Lisle's Tennis Court in Lincoln's Inn Fields, London is opened as a playhouse.source
  • 1675Brandenburg defeats the Swedish Army in the Battle of Fehrbellin.source
  • 1701title of Myrton Baronetcy, of Gogar in the County of Edinburgh in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia created in favour of Andrew Myrton.source
  • 1706War of the Spanish Succession: Troops dispatched from Portugal capture Madrid and proclaim the Habsburg dynasty's Archduke Charles of Austria to be the King Carlos III of Spain, after the Bourbon ruler, Philip V, has fled.source
  • 1707Yeshe Gyatso is installed as the new Dalai Lama by his father, Lha-bzang Khan, who has recently deposed the 6th Dalai Lama. Though the justification is that the 21-year-old Yeshe was the true reincarnation of the 5th Dalai Lama, Yeshe receives no recognition from Buddhists in Tibet or Mongolia and the 7th Dalai Lama is installed in 1710.source
  • 1709A treaty is signed in Dresden to re-establish an alliance between the Kingdoms of Denmark–Norway and the Electorate of Saxony, on behalf of King Frederik IV of Denmark–Norway and Saxony's King Augustus II.source
  • 1744At the age of 15, Princess Sophie of Anhalt-Zerbst, the future Empress of Russia, is received into the Russian Orthodox Church after converting from the Lutheran faith. Upon her conversion to the Russian Orthodox religion, she is given the name Yekaterina (Catherine). In 1762, she takes the throne as the Empress Catherine II, later known as Catherine the Great.source
  • 1744The future Catherine the Great, Princess Sophia of Anhalt-Zerbst, fiancée of Peter III, the heir to the throne of Russia, converts to the Russian Orthodox Church and is received with the new name Catherine (Yekaterina or Ekaterina) and the (artificial) patronymic Алексеевна (Alekseyevna, daughter of Aleksey).source
  • 1751The first volume of Denis Diderot's Encyclopédie, ou dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers, often referred to as le Encyclopédie, is publishedsource
  • 1751The first volume of Diderot and d'Alembert's Encyclopédie (Encyclopédie, ou dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers) is published, notably including a map of their figurative system of human knowledge.source
  • 1763A magnitude 6.2 earthquake shakes Hungary and Slovakia, with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). Damage is limited, but 83 are killed.source
  • 1772June 23–28 – Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774): First of two Russian occupations of Beirut, following a naval bombardment which began on June 18.source
  • 1776American Revolutionary War: Battle of Sullivan's Island – South Carolina militia repel a British attack on Charleston.source
  • 1778American Revolutionary War: Battle of Monmouth – George Washington's Continental Army battles British general Sir Henry Clinton's army to a draw, near Monmouth County, New Jersey.source
  • 1778American Revolutionary War – Battle of Monmouth: George Washington's Continental Army battles the British general Sir Henry Clinton's army to a draw near Monmouth, New Jersey.source
  • 1787Princess Wilhelmina of Orange, sister of King Frederick William II of Prussia, is captured by Dutch Republican patriots, taken to Goejanverwellesluis and not allowed to travel to The Hague.source
  • 1788The outbreak of the Russo-Swedish War (1788–90).source
  • 1790Forth and Clyde Canal opened.source
  • 1797French troops disembark in Corfu, beginning the First period of French rule in the Ionian Islands.source
  • 1816Luddites destroy the bobbinet lace machines in John Heathcoat's Loughborough factory.source
  • 1830First police officer to be killed on duty in the UK, Joseph Grantham of the new Metropolitan Police Service in London.source
  • 1833Law promulgated by François Guizot requires every commune or municipality to maintain a public primary school.source
  • 1838The coronation of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom takes place at Westminster Abbey in London.source
  • 1838The Coronation of Queen Victoria takes place at Westminster Abbey. However, Lord Melbourne denies her the traditional medieval banquet due to budget constraints and critics refer to it as "The Penny Crowning". The Imperial State Crown is remade for her.source
  • 1839Coal mine explosion at St Hilda pit, South Shields, kills 51.source
  • 1840Queen Victoria is crowned.source
  • 1841The ballet Giselle is first presented by the Ballet du Théâtre de l'Académie Royale de Musique, at the Salle Le Peletier in Paris, France, with music by Adolphe Adam and Italian ballerina Carlotta Grisi in the title role.source
  • 1846The Church of Sweden Härnösand Cathedral is inaugurated.source
  • 1846The saxophone is patented by Adolphe Sax.source
  • 1849Hungarian Revolution of 1848: The Austrian army, led by Julius Jacob von Haynau, defeats the Hungarians, led by Ernő Poeltenberg, in the Battle of Győr. The Hungarian army is forced to retreat towards Budapest.source
  • 1866June 27–29 – Battle of Langensalza: The Prussians defeat the Hanoverian army.source
  • 1870American President Ulysses S. Grant signs an act making the United States Independence Day, Thanksgiving Day, Christmas Day and New Year's Day federal holidays in the United States.source
  • 1870Congress creates federal holidays (New Year's Day, Independence Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day), initially applicable only to federal employees.source
  • 1874Revolt of the Muckers: police attack Muckers but are defeatedsource
  • 1880Australian police capture bank robber Ned Kelly, after a gun battle at Glenrowan, Victoria.source
  • 1881The Art Gallery of South Australia opened by Prince Albert Victor of the United Kingdom.source
  • 1882The Anglo-French Convention of 1882 is signed, marking territorial boundaries between Guinea and Sierra Leone.source
  • 1883In Milan, Italy, the first central European electricity power station is inaugurated.source
  • 1884The Norwegian Association for Women's Rights (Norsk Kvinnesaksforening) is founded. Also this year, the Fredrika Bremer Association (Fredrika Bremer Förbundet) is founded in Sweden for the same purpose.source
  • 1887Minot, North Dakota, is incorporated as a city.source
  • 1889The annular solar eclipse of June 28, 1889 is visible across the Atlantic Ocean, Africa and Indian Ocean, and is the 47th solar eclipse of Solar Saros 125.source
  • 1894June 28 – July 9 – Colonial Conference of 1894 held in Ottawa.source
  • 1894A Colonial Conference, held in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, resolves to lay a telegraph cable between Canada and Australia.source
  • 1895The United States Court of Private Land Claims rules that James Reavis's claim to the Barony of Arizona is "wholly fictitious and fraudulent".source
  • 1896Twin Shaft disaster: An explosion in the Newton Coal Company's Twin Shaft Mine in Pittston, Pennsylvania results in a massive cave-in that kills 58 miners.source
  • 1896Twin Shaft Disaster: An explosion in the Newton Coal Company's Twin Shaft Mine in Pittston City, Pennsylvania results in a massive cave-in that kills 58 coal miners.source
  • 1898Effective date of the Curtis Act of 1898 which will lead to the dissolution of tribal and communal lands in Indian Territory and ultimately the creation of the State of Oklahoma in 1907.source
  • 1899In Nigeria, British authorities publicly hang King Ologbosere Irabor outside of the courthouse at Benin City, after he was convicted of ordering the massacre of a party dispatched by the British consul.source
  • 1904The original icon of Our Lady of Kazan is stolen and subsequently destroyed in Russia.source
  • 1904Danish ocean liner SS Norge runs aground and sinks close to Rockall, killing approximately 627 people, many of whom are Russian-Polish and Scandinavian emigrants.source
  • 1904The Danish ocean liner SS Norge runs aground and sinks close to Rockall, killing 635, including 225 Norwegian emigrantssource
  • 1904the Danish liner SS Norge is wrecked off Rockall with the loss of 635 lives.source
  • 1904The Danish liner SS Norge is wrecked on Helen's Reef off Rockall with the loss of 635 lives.source
  • 1905"Pomp and Circumstance" is first played as a graduation march, after Yale University music professor Samuel Sanford invited its composer, Sir Edward Elgar, to receive an honorary degree.source
  • 1908An annular solar eclipse is visible from Central America, North America, Atlantic Ocean and Africa and is the 33rd solar eclipse of Solar Saros 135.source
  • 1911RMS Olympic departs New York for her maiden eastbound voyage home to Southampton, England.source
  • 1911The Nakhla meteorite falls in the Abu Hummus region of Egypt, providing evidence of water on Mars.source
  • 1914Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria: Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip, 19, assassinates Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife, Duchess Sophie, in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, triggering the July Crisis overnight and eventually World War I. Anti-Serb riots in Sarajevo and Zagreb break out.source
  • 1914Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, heir presumptive to the Austro-Hungarian throne, and his wife Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg in Sarajevo. The assassination led directly to the First World War when Austria-Hungary subsequently issued an ultimatum to the Kingdom of Serbia, which was partially rejected. Austria-Hungary then declared war.source
  • 1915June 23 – July 7 – The First Battle of the Isonzo between the Armies of Italy and Austria-Hungary on the Italian Front in World War I. The aim of the Italian Army, under the command of Luigi Cadorna, was to drive the Austrians away from its defensive positions along the Soča (Isonzo) and on the nearby mountains.source
  • 1919The Treaty of Versailles is signed, formally ending World War I, five years to the day since the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. John Maynard Keynes, who has been present at the conference and is unhappy with the terms of the treaty, brings out his own analysis later in the year, entitled The Economic Consequences of the Peace.source
  • 1919The Treaty of Versailles ends the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers.source
  • 1919The International Labour Organization (ILO) is established as an agency of the League of Nations.source
  • 1920Sigma Tau Gamma is founded on campus at the University of Central Missouri in Warrensburg, Missourisource
  • 1921The Constitutional Assembly of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes passes the Vidovdan Constitution, despite a boycott of the vote by the communists, and Croat and Slovene parties.source
  • 1921June 15 – 29-year-old African American Bessie Coleman obtains her pilot's licence in France and becomes the first black woman to have a pilot's licence.source
  • 1921The coal strike in the United Kingdom ends with the Miners' Federation of Great Britain obliged to accept pay cuts.source
  • 1922The Syrian Federation is constituted by arrêté of Henri Gouraud.source
  • 1922The Irish Civil War and Battle of Dublin begin when the Irish National Army, using artillery loaned by the British, begins to bombard the anti-Treaty Irish Republican Army forces occupying the Four Courts in Dublin. Fighting in Dublin lasts until July 5.source
  • 1925Antonio Ascari wins the 1925 Belgian Grand Prix, the first held on the Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps.source
  • 19251925 Campeonato de Portugal Final, in Viana do Castelo, between Porto and Sporting CP, won by Portosource
  • 1928The keel of the first 1000 ft (300 m)-long ocean liner, Oceanic, for the White Star Line, is laid by Harland and Wolff in Belfast; construction is delayed, and will be cancelled in 1929.source
  • 1928The keel of the first 1,000 ft (300 m)-long ocean liner, Oceanic, for the British White Star Line, is laid by Harland and Wolff in Belfast; construction is delayed, and cancelled on 23 July 1929.source
  • 1928The International Railway (New York–Ontario) switches to one-man crews for its trolleys in Canada.source
  • 1931June 23–July 1 – Wiley Post and Harold Gatty accomplish the first round-the-world flight in a single-engine plane, flying eastabout from Roosevelt Field, New York, in 8 days, 15 hours, 51 minutes.source
  • 1932The Otago Witness, first published in 1851, produces its last issue.source
  • 1940General Charles de Gaulle is officially recognized by Britain as the "Leader of all Free Frenchmen, wherever they may be."source
  • 1940June 28–July 4 – Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovinasource
  • 1940The Smith Act (Alien Registration Act) is signed into United States law, setting criminal penalties for advocating overthrow of the government by force or violence, and requiring all aliens in the U.S. to register with the federal government.source
  • 1941June 28–30 – The Holocaust: Iași pogrom – "At least 13,266" Romanian Jews are massacred by local governmental forces.source
  • 1948Lotte Group, a global conglomerate in Northeast Asia (South Korea and Japan), is founded.source
  • 1948The Cominform Resolution marks the beginning of the Informbiro period in Yugoslavia and the Soviet/Yugoslav split.source
  • 1950Bodo League massacre begins: South Korean armed forces and police summarily execute at least 100,000 suspected North Korean sympathizers.source
  • 1950Hangang Bridge bombing: The South Korean army, in an attempt to defend Seoul, blows up the Hangang Bridge while it is crowded with refugees.source
  • 1950As invading North Korean troops advanced toward bridges over the Han River, engineers of the Republic of Korea (ROK) Army of South Korea had rigged explosives. In the meantime, South Korean civilians and soldiers were fleeing across to avoid being trapped behind enemy lines. Detonation of the bombs at the main bridge, at Hangang, had been set for 1:30 a.m. General Kim Pak Il, the ROK Deputy Chief of Staff, delayed the blast for 45 minutes, but at 2:15 a.m., the blast order was given, destroying two spans of the Hangang Bridge and dropping thousands of persons in a 75-foot plunge to the river, killing at least 500 people; a railroad bridge across the river remained standing, however. The ROK Chief Engineer, Choi Chang-sik, would be blamed for the mistake and executed. North Korean forces captured Seoul at noon, three days and eight hours after the invasion began.source
  • 1952The First Miss Universe pageant is held. Armi Kuusela from Finland wins the title of Miss Universe 1952.source
  • 1953Taça de Portugal Finalsource
  • 1956Poznań 1956 protests: Labour riots in Poznań, Poland, are crushed with heavy loss of life. Soviet troops fire at a crowd protesting high prices, killing 53 people.source
  • 1956The film version of Rodgers and Hammerstein's The King and I, starring Deborah Kerr and Yul Brynner, is released only a few months after the film version of R&H's Carousel. It becomes the most financially successful film version of a Rodgers and Hammerstein musical up to this time, and the only one to win an acting Oscar (Yul Brynner wins Best Actor for his performance as the King of Siam). It is also one of two Rodgers and Hammerstein films to be nominated for Best Picture (which it does not win).source
  • 1960King Bhumibol Adulyadej of Thailand arrives in Washington, D.C. for a 4-day royal visit to the U.S.source
  • 1961Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah was crowned as the 8th Sultan of Selangor.source
  • 1966Argentine Revolution: In Argentina, a military junta calling itself Revolución Argentina deposes president Arturo Umberto Illia in a coup and appoints General Juan Carlos Onganía to power.source
  • 1966The "Aid Vietnam Committee" of the Parti Rakyat Singapura and Barisan Sosialis announced that they will be planning a rally on 4 July to protest against the American involvement in the Vietnam War.source
  • 1967Judy Pollock breaks Ann Packer's world record (2:04.3) in the women's 800 metres, clocking 2:01.0 at a meet in Helsinki, Finland.source
  • 1968June 23–30 – 1968 French legislative election: The Gaullist Union pour la défense de la République becomes the first party in French political history to obtain an absolute majority in the National Assembly. George Pompidou leads the party through the campaign but resigns as prime minister afterwards. The public unrest of May 68 subsides.source
  • 1968The first heart transplant in Chile and Latin America, and the second in the world, is performed by surgeon Jorge Kaplán at the Almirante Nef Naval Hospital in Viña del Mar to patient María Elena Peñaloza.source
  • 1969The Stonewall riots, a milestone in the modern gay rights movement in the United States, began in New York City.source
  • 1969June 27–30: The American rock group The Doors perform four concerts in Mexico City.source
  • 1971Assassin Jerome A. Johnson shoots Joe Colombo, boss of his eponymous crime family, in the head during an Italian-American rally, putting him in a coma.source
  • 1972June 22–30 — Typhoon Ora strucks the Philippines and Southern China.source
  • 1973Elections are held for the Northern Ireland Assembly, which will lead to power-sharing between unionists and nationalists in Northern Ireland for the first time.source
  • 1976Elena Quinteros, a Uruguayan teacher and anarchist activist previously detained by the dictatorship, is brought to the Venezuelan embassy in Montevideo under the guise of being transferred to a "contact." During this, she attempts to escape by leaping over the embassy's fence, declaring her identity and seeking asylum. However, she is forcibly removed from the premises by police and military officers, despite the intervention of diplomatic officials.source
  • 1978The ashes of Atiśa Dipankara Shrijnana are brought to Bangladesh from Tibet.source
  • 1979Escola de Formação de Professores (EFPES), Cape Verde's first college established, it is now part of the University of Cape Verdesource
  • 1984Tommaso Buscetta extradited from Brasil. (→ Maxi Trial from 1986)source
  • 1990June 17–30 – Nelson Mandela tours North America, visiting 3 Canadian and 8 U.S. cities.source
  • 1990June 17–30 – Nelson Mandela tours North America, visiting three Canadian and eight U.S. cities.source
  • 1991Dissolution of the Soviet Union: Comecon is dissolved in Moscow, Russia.source
  • 1991SM Megamall is opened as the third SM Supermall in the Philippines.source
  • 1991The Population Registration Act in terms of which South Africans were classified into racial groups is repealed.source
  • 1993June 26–28 – Typhoon Koryn causes massive damage to the Philippines, China and Macau.source
  • 1994Members of the Aum Shinrikyo cult execute the first sarin gas attack at Matsumoto, Japan, killing eight and injuring 200.source
  • 1994Members of the Aum Shinrikyo cult execute the first sarin gas attack at Matsumoto, Japan, killing 8 and injuring 200.source
  • 1996A new government is formed in Turkey, with Necmettin Erbakan of Refah Partisi becoming Prime Minister of the coalition government, and Deputy/Foreign Minister Tansu Çiller of the True Path Party succeeding him after two years.source
  • 1996first celebration of Constitution Day (Ukraine)source
  • 2004The US-led coalition occupying Iraq, the Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA), transfers sovereignty to the Iraqi Interim Government.source
  • 2005Air Nigeria is established.source
  • 2006Israel launches an offensive in the Gaza Strip in response to rocketfire by Hamas into Israeli territory.source
  • 2006The United States Armed Forces withdraws its forces in Iceland, thereby disbanding the Iceland Defense Force.source
  • 2007UNESCO designates 22 new World Heritage Sites, including Sydney Opera House, Canada's Rideau Canal, Japan's Iwami Ginzan Silver Mine, Turkmenistan's Parthian Fortresses of Nisa, India's Red Fort complexes, the Lope-Okanda Landscape of Gabon, the Richtersveld desert of South Africa, the rock carvings of Twyfelfontein in Namibia, the fortified tower houses of Guangdong Province in the People's Republic of China, Teide National Park in the Canary Islands, Spain, ancient beech forests of Central Europe, Mehmed Paša Sokolović Bridge in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bordeaux and the Port de la Lune in France, the Old Town of Corfu in Greece, the Palace of Galerius in Gamzigrad-Romuliana in Serbia.source
  • 2007A TAAG-Angola Airlines Boeing 737 crashes in northern Angola resulting in the death of at least five passengers on the same day the European Union bans the airline from European airspace.source
  • 20072007 European heat wave: in the aftermath of Greece's worst heat wave in a century, at least 11 people are reported dead from heatstroke, approximately 200 wildfires break out nationwide, and the country's electricity grid nearly collapses due to record breaking demand.source
  • 2009The Military of Honduras ousts Honduran President Manuel Zelaya in a coup d'état, condemned by OAS.source
  • 2011President al-Bashir visits Beijing, China to discuss the south's independence that will soon be granted.source
  • 2011The Food and Agriculture Organization announces the eradication of the cattle plague rinderpest from the world.source
  • 2012Vice President of Iran Mohammad-Reza Rahimi delivers an antisemitic speech at a United Nations conference on the illegal drug trade saying that a central Jewish text, the Talmud, was responsible for the spread of illegal drugs around the world; his speech draws condemnation from U.N. and the European Union diplomats.source
  • 2012Vice President Joseph Boakai launches the 2012 Comprehensive Food Security And Nutrition Survey in Paynesville.source
  • 20162016 Atatürk Airport attack: ISIL is suspected to be responsible for attacking Atatürk Airport in Istanbul, Turkey, killing 44 people and injuring over 230 others.source
  • 2018The governments of Georgia and Hong Kong, the special administrative region of the People's Republic of China, sign a free trade agreement aimed at expanding bilateral trade in goods and services.source
  • 2018June 22–July 1 – The 2018 Mediterranean Games are held in Tarragona, Spain.source
  • 2021Tigray War: The Tigray Defense Force seizes the Tigrayan capital Mekelle shortly after the Ethiopian government declares a ceasefire.source

Births

  • 751Carloman I, king of the Franks (died 771)source
  • 1243Go-Fukakusa, emperor of Japan (died 1304)source
  • 1444Charlotte, Queen of Cyprus (died 1487)source
  • 1476Pope Paul IV (died 1559)source
  • 1490Albert of Mainz, German elector and archbishop (died 1545)source
  • 1491Henry VIII, king of England (died 1547)source
  • 1491Henry VIII, King of Ireland (died 1547)source
  • 1503Giovanni della Casa, Italian poet (died 1556)source
  • 1557Philip Howard, 20th Earl of Arundel, English nobleman (died 1595)source
  • 1560Giovanni Paolo Lascaris, Italian Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller (died 1657)source
  • 1577Peter Paul Rubens, Flemish painter (died 1640)source
  • 1582William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and Sele, English nobleman and politician (died 1662)source
  • 1641Marie Casimire Louise de La Grange d'Arquien, French-born Polish consort to King John III Sobieski (died 1716)source
  • 1642Jacob de Graeff, member of the De Graeff-family from the Dutch Golden Age (died 1690)source
  • 1653Muhammad Azam Shah, Mughal emperor (died 1707)source
  • 1692Louisa Maria Stuart, British princess (died 1712)source
  • 1703John Wesley, English founder of Methodism and anti-slavery activist (died 1791)source
  • 1712Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Genevan philosopher (died 1778)source
  • 1719Étienne François, duc de Choiseul, French general, diplomat, statesman (died 1785)source
  • 1742William Hooper, American statesman (died 1790)source
  • 1787Sir Harry Smith, English soldier, military commander (died 1860)source
  • 1824Paul Broca, French physician, anthropologist (died 1880)source
  • 1831Joseph Joachim, Austrian violinist (died 1907)source
  • 1837Petre P. Carp, 2-time prime minister of Romania (died 1919)source
  • 1855Theodor Reuss, German occultist (died 1923)source
  • 1883Pierre Laval, Prime Minister of France (died 1945)source
  • 1920Clarissa Eden, wife of British prime minister Anthony Eden (died 2021)source
  • 1921P. V. Narasimha Rao, Prime Minister of India (died 2004)source
  • 1971Elon Musk, South African-born, American entrepreneur and investorsource

Deaths

  • 202Yuan Shao, Chinese warlord (born 154)source
  • 362Basil of Ancyra, Byzantine Orthodox bishop and saintsource
  • 548Empress Theodora I dies at age 48, probably of breast cancer (according to Bishop Victor of Tunnuna). Her body is buried in the Church of the Holy Apostles (Constantinople).source
  • 548Theodora I, Byzantine Empresssource
  • 572Alboin, king of the Lombardssource
  • 572Alboin, king of the Lombards, is murdered at Verona in his palace, at the instigation of his wife Rosamund (daughter of the Gepid king Cunimund), and her henchman, Helmechis (the king's squire); both flee to seek Byzantine protection in Ravenna. Alboin is succeeded as king by Cleph, who is not related by blood.source
  • 683Pope Leo II dies at Rome 10 months after being consecrated.source
  • 683Leo II, pope of the Catholic Church (born 611)source
  • 767Paul I, pope of the Catholic Church (born 700)source
  • 767Pope Paul I dies at Rome after a 10-year reign, in which he has protested against Constantine V's revival of Iconoclasm at Constantinople. He gives refuge to Greek monks who were expelled from the Byzantine Empire, and moves the relics of many saints from the catacombs to Roman churches. Duke Toto of Nepi has his layman brother elected to succeed Paul, under the name Constantine II.source
  • 975Cyneweard, bishop of Wells (Somerset)source
  • 1019Heimerad (or Heimo), German priest and saintsource
  • 1022Notker III, German Benedictine monk and writersource
  • 1031Taira no Tadatsune, Japanese governor (born 975)source
  • 1061Floris I, count of Friesland (west of the Vlie)source
  • 1084Ekkehard of Huysburg, German abbotsource
  • 1119Roger of Salerno, Norman noblemansource
  • 1142Guigues IV of Albon ("le Dauphin"), French noblemansource
  • 1174Andrei Bogolyubsky, prince of Vladimirsource
  • 1189Matilda of England, duchess of Saxony (born 1156)source
  • 1194Xiao Zong, Chinese emperor (Song dynasty) (born 1127)source
  • 1246Al-Mansur Ibrahim, Ayyubid governor and rulersource
  • 1249Adolf I of the Mark, German noblemansource
  • 1385Andronikos IV Palaiologos, co-ruler of the Byzantine Empiresource
  • 1473John Talbot, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury, English nobleman (born 1448)source
  • 1473Pierre d'Amboise, French noble (born 1408)source
  • 1497James Tuchet, 7th Baron Audley (born c. 1463)source
  • 1532Pompeo Colonna, Italian Roman Catholic cardinal (born 1479)source
  • 1586Primož Trubar, Carniolan Protestant reformer (born 1508)source
  • 1589On the island of Sumatra in what is now Indonesia, the Sultan of Aceh Darussalam, Ali Ri'ayat Syah II, is assassinated by a group of nobles dissatisfied with his rule. He becomes the fourth Sultan in a row to be murdered. Sayyid al-Mukammal is approved by the nobles as the new Sultan of Aceh.source
  • 1598Abraham Ortelius, Flemish cartographer and geographer (born 1527)source
  • 1607Domenico Fontana, Italian architect (born 1543)source
  • 1628Jens Munk, navigator and explorer (born 1579)source
  • 1708Melchor Liñán y Cisneros, Spanish Catholic archbishop (born 1629)source
  • 1757Sophia Dorothea of Hanover, queen consort of Frederick William I (born 1687)source
  • 1836James Madison, 85, 4th President of the United States (born 1751)source
  • 1855FitzRoy Somerset, 1st Baron Raglan, commander of British forces in the Crimean War (born 1788)source
  • 1858Jane Marcet, British science writer (born 1769)source
  • 1858Auguste de Montferrand, French architect (born 1786)source
  • 1880Texas Jack Omohundro, American frontier scout, actor, and cowboy (born 1846)source
  • 1914Archduke Franz Ferdinand (born 1863) and Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg (born 1868), both assassinatedsource
  • 1948The 6.8 Mw Fukui earthquake strikes Fukui, Japan; 3,769 are killed, 22,203 injured.source
  • 1974Vannevar Bush, American engineer, inventor and science administrator (born 1890)source
  • 1975Rod Serling, American television screenwriter and narrator (born 1924)source
  • 2020Louis Mahoney, Gambian-born British actor (born 1938).source