/year

February 5 in history

208 sourced entries recorded on February 5, from 2 BCE to 2023 CE. Every line is quoted from the revision it came from.

Events

  • 2 BCEAugustus is proclaimed pater patriae ("father of the country") by the Roman Senate. This bestowed title is the logical consequence and final proof of Augustus' supreme position as princeps, the first in charge over the Roman state.source
  • 249Incident at Gaoping Tombs: In the Chinese state of Cao Wei, regent Sima Yi, in a coup d'état, forces his co-regent Cao Shuang to relinquish his power, after taking control of the capital city of Luoyang. Sima Yi issues a memorial, which lists the various crimes he and his associates has committed.source
  • 630Siege of Ta'if: Muhammad begins to besiege Ta'if and brings battering rams and catapults to suppress the fortress city, but is unable to penetrate it.source
  • 756An Lushan declares himself emperor at Luoyang, establishing a new empire, called the Great Yan. He pushes on towards the primary Tang capital at Chang'an (now Xi'an). An decides to seize southern China, to cut off loyalist reinforcements. Meanwhile, numerous soldiers join the rebellion.source
  • 887Theodosius Romanus ascends as Syriac Orthodox patriarch of Antioch.source
  • 1023At Cairo in the Fatimid Caliphate, the Caliph al-Zahir li-I'zaz Din Allah attains full power upon the death of his aunt, Sitt al-Mulk.source
  • 1036Edward the Confessor's younger brother Alfred Aetheling is blinded and murdered, in an apparent attempt to seize the throne of England from Harold I.source
  • 1045Emperor Go-Reizei ascends the throne of Japan.source
  • 1136Treaty of Durham: A peace treaty is signed by Stephen and David I. The Scots are allowed to keep Carlisle and a part of Cumberland in return for stopping their advance. David refuses an oath of allegiance, as his loyalties rest with Matilda (daughter of the late King Henry I).source
  • 1204Alexios V Doukas is crowned Byzantine emperor.source
  • 1265Pope Clement IV succeeds Pope Urban IV, as the 183rd pope.source
  • 1296Pope Boniface VIII issues the papal bull, Clericis laicos, stating that, without authority from the Holy See, Kings and other monarchs couldn't take income from the church. This bull was made in retaliation against King Philip IV raising taxes on the churchsource
  • 1327February 5 (1st waning of Kason 684 ME, Burmese calendar) – In Burma (modern Myanmar), Tarabya I becomes the new King of Sagaing, located in northern Myanmar on the Irrawaddy River with a capital in the city of Sagaing. Tarabya succeeds his brother, upon the death of his brother, King Saw Yun, despite the fact that Saw Yun has an heir, Prince Kyaswa.source
  • 1484The Great Bell of Dhammazedi, at 293.4 metric tons (323 U.S. tons) the largest bell ever created, is cast from bronze at Dagon in the Hanthawaddy kingdom (now Yangon in Myanmar) by order of King Dhammazedi. The casting comes despite advice from the royal astrologer that the date is inappropriate, and the bell is noted for its unpleasant tone. The bell will be stolen from the Shwedagon Pagoda in 1608 by Arakan mercenaries commanded by the Portuguese warlord Filipe de Brito e Nicote, but skin, into the Bago and Yangon Rivers while it is being transported on de Brito's ship.source
  • 1490Robert Lyle, 2nd Lord Lyle, is restored by Scotland's King James IV to his previous title of Scottish nobility that had been forfeited on July 4, the previous year when he had sided against King James III in the fighting against the current monarch, King James IV.source
  • 1494The war between the Grand Duchy of Moscow and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania ends after almost seven years, with the Tsar Ivan III signing a "treaty of Eternal Peace" with Lithuania's Grand Duke Alexander Jagiellon. Lithuania is guaranteed its independence in return for ceding its territories captured by Moscow.source
  • 1500Ludovico Sforza's Swiss mercenary army retakes the city of Milan from the French during the Second Italian War.source
  • 1500Ludovico Sforza and his Swiss mercenary army retakes the city of Milan again from the French.source
  • 1522In Castile in Spain, the Revolt of the Comuneros is re-ignited when King Carlos V reneges on a promised amnesty to participants in a 1520 uprising, and threatens to execute revolt leader María Pacheco. Calm is restored by the intervention of Maria de Mendoza, and while many of the rebels are punished, Pacheco is able to escape to Portugal.source
  • 1556Truce of Vaucelles: Fighting temporarily ends between France and Spain.source
  • 1556Truce of Vaucelles: Fighting temporarily ends between France and Spain.source
  • 1558Arauco War: Pedro de Avendaño, with sixty men, captures Caupolicán (the Mapuche Gran Toqui), who is leading their first revolt against the Spanish Empire (near Antihuala), encamped with a small band of followers.source
  • 1570Venus occults Jupiter; this will next happen in 1818.source
  • 1576King Henry of Navarre, captive in France since 1572 and alive only because he converted to Catholicism, escapes to Tours and formally reverts to the Protestant faith.source
  • 1587February 5 (1st waxing of Tabaung 948 ME) – King Nanda of Burma appoints his eldest son and heir apparent, Minye Kyawswa II, as Viceroy of Ava, later part of upper Burma, with a capital at Inwa (located in the modern-day Mandalay Region of Myanmar).source
  • 1600Battle of Lekkerbeetjesource
  • 1626The Huguenot rebels and the French government sign the Treaty of Paris, ending the second Huguenot rebellion.source
  • 1628The Chongzhen Era begins in Ming dynasty China after the October 2 ascension of Zhu Youjian, the Chongzhen Emperor, on the first day of the Chinese New Year, and the Tianqi era formally ends.source
  • 1631Puritan leader Roger Williams arrives in Boston.source
  • 1631Puritan minister and theologian Roger Williams emigrates to Boston in the Massachusetts Bay Colony.source
  • 1631Export of saltpetre and gunpowder prohibited by royal order.source
  • 1642The Bishops Exclusion Act is passed in England to prevent any member of the clergy from holding political office.source
  • 1644The first livestock branding law in America is passed in Connecticut.source
  • 1647The Yongli era is proclaimed as Zhu Youlang is declared the Yongli Emperor of the Southern Ming.source
  • 1649In Edinburgh, the Scottish Parliament declares Prince Charles, son of the recently executed King Charles I, as King Charles II of Scotland. Prince Charles, at the time, is at sea in charge of royalist forces fighting to drive Oliver Cromwell from the British Isles. Scotland is the first of the three Kingdoms to recognize his claim to the throne.source
  • 1658Prince Muhi al-Din Muhammad, one of the sons of India's Mughal, Emperor Shah Jahan, proclaims himself Emperor after Jahan names Muhi's older brother, Dara Shikoh, as regent, and departs from Aurangabad with troops.source
  • 1663An earthquake estimated at least 7.3 magnitude strikes Canada's Quebec Province.source
  • 1667In the Second Anglo-Dutch War, the English Royal Navy warship HMS Saint Patrick is captured less than nine months after being launched, when it fights a battle off the coast of England and North Foreland, Kent. Captain Robert Saunders and 8 of his crew are killed while fighting the Dutch ships Delft and Shakerlo. The Dutch Navy renames the ship the Zwanenburg.source
  • 1667In the Second Anglo-Dutch War, warship HMS Saint Patrick is captured less than nine months after being launched, when it fights an action off the North Foreland. Captain Robert Saunders and 8 of his crew are killed while fighting Dutch ships Delft and Shakerlo. The Dutch Navy renames the ship Zwanenburg.source
  • 1679The Treaty of Celle is signed between France and Sweden on one side, and the Holy Roman Empire, at the town of Celle in Saxony (in modern-day Germany). Sweden's sovereignty over Bremen-Verden is confirmed and Sweden cedes control of Thedinghausen and Dörverden to the Germans.source
  • 1682In Japan, on the 28th day of the 12th month in the year Tenna 1, a major fire sweeps through Edo (now Tokyo).source
  • 1694The ship Ridderschap van Holland is lost at sea, having departed the Cape of Good Hope with a crew of 300, with a destination of Batavia (modern-day Jakarta in Indonesia), normally a voyage of two months. It never arrives and is never seen again.source
  • 1709dramatist John Dennis devises the thundersheet as a new method of producing theatrical thunder for his tragedy Appius and Virginia at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane, London.source
  • 1719The Saint-Joseph sets sail from Ostend for Canton.source
  • 1757The Nawab of Bengal, Siraj ud-Daulah, leads an attempt to retake Calcutta from the British. With just 1,900 soldiers and sailors, but superior cannon power, General Robert Clive forces the Nawab's much larger force into a retreat. The British sustain 194 casualties, but the Bengalis suffer 1,300.source
  • 1761Anders Johan von Höpken steps down as President of the Privy Council Chancellery.source
  • 1762The Great Holocaust of the Sikhs is carried out by the forces of Ahmed Shah Abdali in Punjab. In all, around 30,000 men, women and children perish in this campaign of slaughter.source
  • 1766An observer in Wilmington, North Carolina reports to the Edinburgh newspaper Caledonian Mercury that three ships have been seized by British men-of-war, on the charge of carrying official documents without stamps. The strict enforcement causes seven other ships to leave Wilmington for other ports.source
  • 1766an observer in Wilmington, North Carolina, reports to the Edinburgh newspaper Caledonian Mercury that three ships have been seized by British Men of War on the charge of carrying official documents without stamps. The strict enforcement causes seven other ships to leave Wilmington for other ports.source
  • 1777Under the 1st Constitution of Georgia, 8 counties are chartered: Burke, Camden, Chatham, Effingham, Glynn, Liberty, Richmond, and Wilkes. This dissolves the existing parishes of St. George, St. Mary's, St. Thomas, St. Phillip, Christ Church, St. David, St. Matthews, St. Andrew, St. James, St. Johns, and St. Paul.source
  • 1778South Carolina becomes the first state to ratify the Articles of Confederation.source
  • 1778General John Cadwalader shoots and seriously wounds Major General Thomas Conway in a duel after a dispute between the two officers over Conway's continued criticism of General George Washington's leadership of the Continental Army.source
  • 1782The Spanish defeat British forces and capture Menorca.source
  • 17831783 Calabrian earthquakes: The first of a sequence of five earthquakes strikes Calabria, Italy (February 5–7, March 1 & 28), leaving 50,000 dead.source
  • 1796Soldiers from the New South Wales Corps wreck a house belonging to millwright John Baughan.source
  • 1805East Indiaman Earl of Abergavenny is wrecked in Weymouth Bay with the loss of 263 lives.source
  • 1811The Prince of Wales becomes Prince Regent.source
  • 1811British Regency: George, Prince of Wales becomes prince regent, because of the perceived insanity of his father, King George III of the United Kingdom.source
  • 1818Upon his death, King Charles XIII of Sweden (Charles II of Norway) is succeeded on both thrones by his adoptive son Charles XIV/III John, starting the Royal House of Bernadotte.source
  • 1830A fire destroys the Argyll Rooms in London, where the Philharmonic Society of London presents concerts, but firefighters are able to prevent its further spread by use of their new equipment, steam-powered fire engines.source
  • 1830A fire destroys the Argyll Rooms in London, where the Philharmonic Society of London presents concerts, but firemen are able to prevent its further spread by use of their new equipment, steam-powered fire engines.source
  • 1831Dutch naval lieutenant Jan van Speyk blows up his own gunboat in Antwerp rather than strike his colours on the demand of supporters of the Belgian Revolution.source
  • 1836Henry Roe Campbell builds the first 4-4-0, a steam locomotive type that will soon become the most common on all railroads of the United States.source
  • 1840Māori chiefs assemble at Waitangi to discuss the terms of the Treaty of Waitangi.source
  • 1840Damascus Affair: The murder of a Capuchin friar and his Greek servant leads to a highly publicized case of blood libel, against the Jews of Damascus.source
  • 1847A rescue effort, called the First Relief, leaves Johnson's Ranch to save the ill-fated Donner Party of California-bound migrants who became snowbound in the Sierra Nevada earlier this winter. Some have resorted to survival by cannibalism.source
  • 1847A rescue effort, called the First Relief, leaves Johnson's Ranch to save the ill-fated Donner Party. These California bound emigrants became snowbound in the Sierra Nevada in the winter of 1846–1847, and some have resorted to cannibalism to survive.source
  • 1852Holmfirth Flood caused by collapse of the embankment at Bilberry reservoir in the West Riding of Yorkshire: 81 killed.source
  • 1855Lord Palmerston becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.source
  • 1857The Federal Constitution of the United Mexican States is promulgated.source
  • 1857ratification of the Federal Constitution of the United Mexican States of 1857source
  • 1867Opening of New Zealand's third railway line: 27 km connecting Invercargill and Bluff.source
  • 1869Prospectors in Moliagul, Victoria, Australia, discover the largest alluvial gold nugget ever found, known as the "Welcome Stranger".source
  • 1876The ship Memento sinks off East London and two 2nd Class 2-6-2TT locomotives intended for the Eastern System of the Cape Government Railways are lost.source
  • 1880Cape Western – Fraserburg Road to Beaufort West, 48 mi 45 ch.source
  • 1884Derby County Football Club is founded in England.source
  • 1885King Leopold II of Belgium establishes the Congo Free State, as a personal possession.source
  • 1885Italian troops of the Corpo Speciale per l'Africa (Special Corps for Africa), commanded by Colonel Tancredi Saletta, move into Massawa in Italian Eritrea without resistance or protest from its Egyptian garrison. The outbreak of the Mahdist uprising in the Sudan had changed the political situation in the Horn of Africa. Egypt was unable to maintain its garrison in Massawa and, with British approval and using the massacre of the explorer Gustavo Bianchi in 1884 as a pretext, the government had decided to take action in December 1884. The move will eventually lead to the Italo-Ethiopian War of 1887–1889.source
  • 1887The 1887 Hartford Railroad Disaster leaves thirty-seven dead in Vermont.source
  • 1887The Giuseppe Verdi opera Otello premieres at La Scala, Milan.source
  • 1890The worldwide insurance and financial service brand Allianz is founded in Berlin, Germany.source
  • 1890German company Allianz is founded in Berlin.source
  • 1899The first major battle of the Philippine–American War concludes with the capture by the U.S. of the San Juan River Bridge that connects Manila and San Juan.source
  • 1900The United Kingdom and the United States sign a treaty for the building of a Central American shipping canal across Central America in Nicaragua.source
  • 1901In Evansville, Indiana, a fire burns through the business district, causing $175,000 of damage.source
  • 1905February 4–8: Argentine Revolution of 1905source
  • 1905The French ship Anjou is wrecked off of the coast of the uninhabited Auckland Island, located 290 mi from the nearest inhabited land in New Zealand. The castaways live on the isle for more than three months until being rescued on May 7.source
  • 1905General strike in Belgian coal fields begins.source
  • 1905The football club Clube do Remo is established in Belém.source
  • 1907epidemic of meningitis in Glasgow, Edinburgh and Belfastsource
  • 1909Leo Baekeland announces the creation of bakelite hard thermosetting plastic.source
  • 1910A coal mine explosion at the Jefferson Clearfield Coal Company mine at Ernest, Pennsylvania, kills 11 miners (10 Hungarian) but another 110 are able to escape.source
  • 1911The revolution in Haiti is suppressed after the leader, General Montreuil Guillaume, is captured by government troops and shot. General Millionard is executed two days later.source
  • 1917The new and current constitution is adopted.source
  • 1917The U.S. Army force under command of John J. Pershing reached Columbus, New Mexico, ending the Pancho Villa Expedition.source
  • 1918The SS Tuscania is torpedoed off the Irish coast; it is the first ship carrying American troops to Europe to be torpedoed and sunk.source
  • 1919The Czech delegation presents its proposal to the Paris Peace Conference, including the Czech Corridorsource
  • 1919United Artists (UA) is incorporated in the United States by D. W. Griffith, Charlie Chaplin, Mary Pickford and Douglas Fairbanks as a motion picture producer.source
  • 1923United States v. Bhagat Singh Thind: The Supreme Court decides that Bhagat Singh Thind cannot become a naturalized U.S. citizen because, as a Punjabi Sikh, he is not a "white person".source
  • 1923Australian cricketer Bill Ponsford makes 429 runs to break the world record for the highest first-class cricket score for the first time in his third match at this level, at Melbourne Cricket Ground, giving the Victoria cricket team an innings total of 1,059.source
  • 1924GMT: A radio time signal is broadcast for the first time, from the Royal Greenwich Observatory.source
  • 1930Women vote for the first time in Romanian elections.source
  • 1933A mutiny starts on the Royal Netherlands Navy coastal defence ship De Zeven Provinciën in the Dutch East Indies. After 6 days, it is bombed by a Dutch aircraft, killing 23 men, and the remaining mutineers surrender.source
  • 1934the bandera militar flag of Mexico is adopted.source
  • 1936Modern Times, widely considered one of the greatest films ever, premieres in New York City.source
  • 1940February 2–11 – Scheduled dates for the 1940 Winter Olympics in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany, cancelled in November 1939 due to WWII (originally allocated to Sapporo, Japan).source
  • 1941The Air Training Corps is formed in the United Kingdom.source
  • 1945February 4–11 – WWII: President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Winston Churchill and Soviet leader Joseph Stalin hold the Yalta Conference.source
  • 1945The first jeepney arrives in Manila.source
  • 1947Bolesław Bierut becomes the President of Poland.source
  • 1947The Government of the United Kingdom announces the £25 million Tanganyika groundnut scheme, for cultivation of peanuts in the Tanganyika Territory.source
  • 1949Chilean Army Captain Alberto Larraguibel breaks the high Jump world record with his horse Huaso, overcoming an obstacle of 2.47 meters.source
  • 19581958 Tybee Island mid-air collision: A U.S. B-47 bomber jettisons a hydrogen bomb into Wassaw Sound off Tybee Island, Georgia; it is never recovered.source
  • 1959The U.S. State Department released tapes that showed that Soviet jets had shot down an unarmed American Lockheed C-130 transport plane on September 2, 1958. Transmissions between the two fighter planes, identified as "201" and "218", had been intercepted in Turkey. The Soviets denounced the tapes as a "clumsy fake". On the same day, Soviet Premier Nikita S. Khrushchev invited U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower to visit Moscow, adding that he could bring anyone, and go anywhere, he chose. In his speech, Khrushchev referred to U.S. Secretary of State John Foster Dulles and proclaimed, "Mr. Dulles, if you so desire, then for the sake of ending the Cold War, we are even prepared to admit your victory in this war that is unwanted by the peoples. Regard yourselves, gentlemen, as victors in this war, but end it quickly."source
  • 1960The first CERN particle accelerator becomes operational in Geneva, Switzerland.source
  • 1961Cachar Gana Sangram Parishad formed against imposition of Assamese language in Barak Valley by Bimala Prasad Chaliha government.source
  • 1962February 4–5 – During a new moon and solar eclipse, an extremely rare grand conjunction of the classical planets occurs (it includes all five of the naked-eye planets plus the Sun and Moon), all of them within 16° of one another on the ecliptic. The total solar eclipse of February 5, 1962 is visible in Asia, Australia and the Pacific Ocean, and is the 49th solar eclipse of Solar Saros 130.source
  • 1963The European Court of Justice's ruling in Van Gend en Loos v Nederlandse Administratie der Belastingen establishes the principle of direct effect, one of the basic tenets of European Union law.source
  • 1964India backs out of its promise to hold a plebiscite in the disputed territory of Kashmir. In 1948, India had taken the issue of Kashmir to the United Nations Security Council and offered to hold a plebiscite in the held Kashmir under UN supervision.source
  • 1964January 29 – February 9 – The 1964 Winter Olympics are held in Innsbruck, Austria.source
  • 1966Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, general secretary of the East Pakistan Awami League, announces the Six Point Program calling for limiting the federal government to defence and foreign affairs.source
  • 1967Italy's first guided missile cruiser, the Vittorio Veneto, is launched.source
  • 1967NASA launches Lunar Orbiter 3.source
  • 1971Apollo 14 lands on the Moon.source
  • 1972February 3–13 – The 1972 Winter Olympics are held in Sapporo, Japan.source
  • 1975The Argentinian president Isabel Perón decrees Operativo Independencia, aiming to neutralize or annihilate the "subversive elements" in the province of Tucuman. She assumes extraordinary powers.source
  • 1978February 5–7 – The Northeastern United States blizzard of 1978 hits the New England region and the New York metropolitan area, killing about 100, and causing over US$520 million in damage.source
  • 1979Roman Catholic Diocese of Cuautitlán established.source
  • 1982London-based Laker Airways collapses, leaving 6,000 stranded passengers and debts of £270 million.source
  • 1983February 5–6 – The team of A. J. Foyt, Preston Henn, Bob Wollek and Claude Ballot-Léna win the 24 Hours of Daytona automobile race in a Porsche 935.source
  • 1985Australia cancels its involvement in U.S.-led MX missile tests.source
  • 1989Eurosport, a multiple-language sports broadcasting station in Europe, begins broadcasting, from Issy-les-Moulineaux, Île-de-France, France.source
  • 1989SES' Astra 1A satellite starts broadcasting, beginning SES's dominance of the European satellite communication market.source
  • 1990The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Washington, D.C. excommunicates George Augustus Stallings for starting the controversial Imani Temple congregation.source
  • 1991Pedro Arrupe, priest (born 1907)source
  • 1996The Congress for Democracy and Progress (CDP) was founded.source
  • 2000Second Chechen War: Novye Aldi massacre – Russian forces summarily execute 56–60 civilians in a suburb of Grozny.source
  • 20002000 Six Nations Championship in rugby union opens, the first year in which Italy takes part.source
  • 2002NASA launches the Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager as part of the Explorers Program.source
  • 2003U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell gives a speech to the United Nations presenting the case for a military invasion of Iraq. It will later be discovered that the United States Bush administration misled him when preparing his testimony.source
  • 2007Syrian President Bashar al-Assad has said his country can play a major role in international efforts to end the civil war in Iraq.source
  • 2008US$2.808 billion was invested in Cambodia in 2007, according to the Cambodian Chamber of Commerce.source
  • 2009Muttiah Muralitharan broke the record of wickets taken with 503, in ODIs, when he dismissed Gautam Gambhir.source
  • 2011An explosion was reported at the Arab Gas Pipeline, which exports Egyptian natural gas to the Middle East, in North Sinai Governorate.source
  • 2012Bosnia and Herzegovina declares a state of emergency as a result of the cold snap.source
  • 2014Award-winning investigative editor and pioneer of data journalism at La Nación, Giannina Segnini, resigned after 20 years working at the newspaper. She said that opportunities to conduct independent journalism had been reduced consistently in the past two years, while editorial decisions she described as unjournalistic made it impossible for her to continue.source
  • 2015A unity government is approved by the parliament and is formed by members of the secular Nidaa Tounes, two liberal parties and a moderate Islamist party.source
  • 20172017 Liechtenstein general election: The Progressive Citizens' Party led by Adrian Hasler retains a plurality of 9 seats in the Landtag.source
  • 20195 February 2019 - The Saudi satellite SGS-1 was launched.source
  • 2020Ugandan climate activist Vanessa Nakate, 23, complains about racism as she is cropped out of a photo published by the Associated Press in which she originally appeared with Greta Thunberg, Isabelle Axelsson, Luisa Neubauer and Loukina Tille at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland. "Africans have truly been erased from the map of climate action," Nakate tweeted. AP said they will expand their diversity training for employees.source
  • 2021Twenty people, including incumbent President Patrice Talon, enroll as candidates in the 2021 Beninese presidential election. Talon's running mate, Mariam Chabi Talata, would be Benin′s first female vice president if elected.source
  • 2021Evangelical minister Miguel Ángel Casco went viral on social media when he praised the ″multiplication of penises″ under President Daniel Ortega. Speaking on live television he said, ″Yo creo firmemente que Nicaragua va a experimentar... los milagros de multiplicar los penes”. (English: ″I firmly believe that Nicaragua is going to experiment... the miracle of multiplication of penises.″) He may have confused the Spanish words panes and penes, which are translated as ″bread″ and ″penises″, respectively.source
  • 2021Drought, increases in local demand, and a drop in the number of farmers all contribute to a marijuana shortage. The COVID-19 pandemic and related curfew means that farmers have a difficult time in irrigating their fields.source
  • 2022Cyclone Batsirai kills a total of 123 people across Madagascar, Mauritius, and Réunion two weeks after Tropical Storm Ana killed 115 people in the same region.source
  • 2023February 1 – February 11: 2022 FIFA Club World Cup in Morocco.source

Births

  • 976Sanjō, emperor of Japan (died 1017)source
  • 1321John II, Marquess of Montferrat, Italian nobleman (died 1372)source
  • 1438Margaret of Bourbon, French noble (died 1483)source
  • 1438Philip II, Duke of Savoy (died 1497)source
  • 1438Margaret of Bourbon, noblewoman (died 1483)source
  • 1505Aegidius Tschudi, Swiss historian (died 1572)source
  • 1525Juraj Drašković, Croatian Catholic cardinal (died 1587)source
  • 1617Jan Thomas van Ieperen, Flemish engraver, painter (died 1673)source
  • 1626Marie de Rabutin-Chantal, marquise de Sévigné, French aristocrat and writer (died 1696)source
  • 1697William Smellie, Scottish obstetrician and medical instructor (died 1763)source
  • 1703Gilbert Tennent, Irish-born religious leader (died 1764)source
  • 1784Nancy Hanks, mother of Abraham Lincoln (died 1818)source
  • 1788Robert Peel, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (died 1850)source
  • 1900Adlai Stevenson II, American politician (died 1965)source
  • 1914William S. Burroughs, American author (died 1997)source
  • 1919Andreas Papandreou, Prime Minister of Greece (1981–89 and 1993–96) (died 1996)source
  • 1934Hank Aaron, American baseball player (died 2021)source
  • 1940Andy Tyrie, loyalist paramilitary.source
  • 2009Carren Eistrup, singer and entertainersource

Deaths

  • 251Cao Lin, Chinese prince of the Cao Wei statesource
  • 552Dacius, archbishop of Milansource
  • 806Kanmu, emperor of Japan (born 737)source
  • 806Emperor Kanmu dies after a 25-year reign, that has seen Korean culture and technology introduced to Japan. He is succeeded by his son Heizei, as the 51st emperor of Japan.source
  • 970Polyeuctus, patriarch of Constantinoplesource
  • 1015Adelaide, German abbess and saintsource
  • 1017Sancho García, count of Castilesource
  • 1036Alfred Aetheling, Anglo-Saxon princesource
  • 1146Zafadola, Arab ruler of the Hudid Dynastysource
  • 1507John Fraser (bishop), first Dean of the Collegiate Church at Restalrig and Bishop of Ross.source
  • 1597In Japan, 26 European Catholic Christians are executed in Nagasaki by crucifixion. They had the misfortune of being shipwrecked on the Japanese coast on October 19, 1596.source
  • 1597Gonsalo Garcia, Portuguese Franciscan and Roman Catholic priest, missionary, martyr and saint (born 1557)source
  • 1610Strange Jørgenssøn, bailiff and businessman (born 1539).source
  • 1639Augusta of Denmark, Duchess Consort of Holstein-Gottorp (born 1580)source
  • 1639Augusta of Denmark, princess (born 1580)source
  • 1661Shunzhi Emperor of China (born 1638)source
  • 1661The Shunzhi Emperor of the Chinese Qing Dynasty dies, and is succeeded by his 7-year-old son the Kangxi Emperor.source
  • 1664Henning Stockfleth, clergyman (born 1610).source
  • 1679Joost van den Vondel, Dutch dramatist and poet (born 1587)source
  • 1703Phetracha, king of Ayutthaya (born 1632)source
  • 1721James Stanhope, chief minister of Great Britain, dies a day after collapsing while vigorously defending his government's conduct over the "South Sea Bubble" in Parliament.source
  • 1721James Stanhope, 1st Earl Stanhope, English chief minister (born 1673)source
  • 1722Éléonore Desmier d'Olbreuse, Duchess of Braunschweig-Lüneburg (born 1639)source
  • 1766Count Leopold Joseph von Daun, Austrian field marshal (born 1705)source
  • 1790William Cullen, Scottish physician, chemist (born 1710)source
  • 1807Pasquale Paoli, Corsican patriot, military leader (born 1725)source
  • 1818Charles XIII/Charles II, King of Sweden and Norway (born 1748)source
  • 1820William Drennan, Irish physician, poet and radical politician (born 1754)source
  • 1881Thomas Carlyle, Scottish writer, historian (born 1795)source
  • 1884Infanta Maria Anna of Portugal, infanta (born 1843)source
  • 1926Theodor Nette, Soviet diplomatic courier of NKID (born 1896)source
  • 2008Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, 90, Indian founder of Transcendental Meditation movement, former guru to The Beatles.source
  • 2011At least 20 people are killed in a shootout among the military in Malakal.source
  • 2016Tayeb Saddiki, playwright (born 1938).source