Scotland

1,612 entries quoted from the Wikipedia articles written per year for Scotland, 1018 CE to 1962 CE. Each century below shows a sample spread across it; the year link on a line opens everything held for that year.

11th century

1 entry, 1018 CE to 1018 CE

1018Battle of Carham results in a victory for the Kingdom of Scotland and establishes the River Tweed as the southern border of the kingdomScotland source

14th century

93 entries, 1305 CE to 1342 CE — 25 shown, spread across the century

1305May – a parliament meets in Perth to elect the Scottish delegation to the Westminster parliament.Scotland source
1305Approximate date – Scottish physician Bernard Gordon writes his short treatise Lilium medicinae which will become the first known book by a Scot to be printed (c. 1480 in Paris).Scotland source
130610 February – Robert the Bruce murders John Comyn before the high altar of Greyfriars Church in Dumfries.Scotland source
13068 September – Simon Fraser, knight, executed by English by being hanged, drawn and quartered in LondonScotland source
13079/10 February – Battle of Loch RyanScotland source
1308June–August – siege, capture and destruction of Aberdeen Castle by Scottish forcesScotland source
1308after 23 May – Harrying of BuchanScotland source
130917 March – Robert the Bruce holds his first Parliament at St. AndrewsScotland source
1310August – King Edward II invades Scotland for the first timeScotland source
1311Baldred Bisset, lawyer who helped prepare the Scottish case for sovereignty in the face of English claims and aggression (born 1260)Scotland source
13137 February – Robert the Bruce captures DumfriesScotland source
131424 June – John Comyn IV of Badenoch (born c. 1294)Scotland source
1316February – Battle of SkaithmuirScotland source
1317John de Lindsay elected Bishop of GlasgowScotland source
131920 September – Battle of Myton: major engagement in the First Scottish War of Independence, fought in Yorkshire results in victory for Scots.Scotland source
1321March/April – peace talks at Bamburgh Castle end without agreementScotland source
132330 May – Less than three months after Harclay's execution, King Edward II agrees to a thirteen-year truce with Scotland.Scotland source
132522 June – King Robert issues a commission to enquire into and report on the rights that had been granted by his predecessors to the citizens of Dundee after they had appealed to him to re-establish those rights.Scotland source
132727 October – Elizabeth de Burgh, the second wife and the only queen consort of King Robert the Bruce.Scotland source
1328Archibald Douglas, 3rd Earl of Douglas ("Archibald the Grim", "Black Archibald"), magnate and warrior (died 1400)Scotland source
1331November/December – John Stewart, 1st Earl of AngusScotland source
13322 August – Domhnall II, Earl of Mar elected as the new Regent of Scotland at a meeting of the nobles at PerthScotland source
133319 July – Battle of Halidon Hill results in decisive English victoryScotland source
133530 July – Battle of Boroughmuir, Scots victoryScotland source
134230 March — Alexander Ramsay of Dalhousie captured Roxburgh Castle.Scotland source

15th century

3 entries, 1400 CE to 1455 CE

1400August - English invasion of Scotland - mid-August, Henry IV of England crosses border with army, however returned to England on 29 August.Scotland source
14551 May – Battle of Arkinholm ends in a decisive victory for supporters of James II against the rebel DouglasesScotland source
1455Hugh Douglas, Earl of Ormonde, nobleman (unknown)Scotland source

16th century

278 entries, 1500 CE to 1599 CE — 25 shown, spread across the century

150023 April – Alexander Ales, theologian (died 1565)Scotland source
1507June – The tournament of the Wild Knight and the Black Lady is held in Edinburgh.Scotland source
152621 June – Parliament declares the young King James V of age to rule. A council of guardians of regency for the young king is formed, including Robert Maxwell, 5th Lord Maxwell.Scotland source
15389 May – James V and Mary of Guise are married by proxy at the Château de Châteaudun. The King's proxy Lord Maxwell gave the bride a diamond ring.Scotland source
1543William Sutherland, 7th of DuffusScotland source
15468 July – The Earl of Arran, Regent of Scotland for Mary, Queen of Scots, recaptures Dumbarton Castle from England after a 20-day siege.Scotland source
154728 December – English soldier Sir John Luttrell, recently victorious in the Battle of Pinkie, raids Burntisland on the Firth of Forth, after Wyndham, his uncle, has brought his ships to the port; they burn ships and buildings on the pier and capture Rossend Castle.Scotland source
1554Jephthes, sive Votum, a tragedy by George Buchanan is published in Paris.Scotland source
15607 January – French troops commanded by Henri Cleutin and Captain Corbeyran de Cardaillac Sarlabous sail across the Firth of Forth from Leith, which they are occupying, and fight with the Lords of the Congregation at Pettycur Bay near Kinghorn.Scotland source
1562December – Francis Stewart, 5th Earl of BothwellScotland source
1566April – Mary takes up residence at Edinburgh Castle in preparation to give birth.Scotland source
156720 April – Ainslie Tavern Bond signed in support of the Earl of Bothwell.Scotland source
15686 June – Kenneth Mackenzie, 10th of KintailScotland source
157323 February – The "Pacification of Perth" was a step to ending the Marian Civil War.Scotland source
1578Gilbert Jack, philosopher (died 1628)Scotland source
158014 September – Robert Gordon of Straloch, cartographer, poet, musician, mathematician and antiquary (died 1661)Scotland source
1582William Lithgow, traveller, writer and alleged spy (died 1645)Scotland source
158513 December – William Drummond of Hawthornden, poet (died 1649)Scotland source
15878 February – the captive Mary, Queen of Scots, is beheaded at Fotheringhay Castle in England on the orders of her cousin Elizabeth I of England for being implicated in the Babington Plot against her.Scotland source
15899 December – John Fleming, 2nd Earl of Wigtown (died 1650)Scotland source
15903 January – Robert Boyd, 5th Lord Boyd (born c.1517)Scotland source
1592December – Spanish blanks plot discovered.Scotland source
15937 December – Battle of Dryfe Sands: the Clan Johnstone defeat the Clan Maxwell at Skipmyre, just west of Lockerbie, and Lord Maxwell is killed.Scotland source
15974 February – Battle of Logiebride, a skirmish between men of the Clan Mackenzie against those of the Clan Munro and the Bain family of Tulloch Castle.Scotland source
1598Gentleman Adventurers of Fife awarded forfeited lands on the Isle of Lewis to colonise.Scotland source

17th century

20 entries, 1600 CE to 1635 CE

160020 March – Construction of Cullen House in Moray begins.Scotland source
1600Scalloway Castle is built on Mainland, Shetland, by Patrick Stewart, 2nd Earl of OrkneyScotland source
16001 January – today is adopted as New Year's Day following the partial adoption of the Gregorian Calendar in ScotlandScotland source
160019 November – the future King Charles I of England and Scotland, son of James VI, is born in Dunfermline PalaceScotland source
160019 November – Charles I at Dunfermline Palace, king of England and Scotland (executed 1649 in England)Scotland source
16005 August – the Gowrie House affair, a plot to kidnap James VI in Perth, in which Robert Logan of Restalrig is implicated, devised by John Ruthven, 3rd Earl of Gowrie (who dies in the attempt, together with his brother Alexander Ruthven)Scotland source
1608May 8 – Works by Bevis Bulmer commence at a newly nationalized silver mine at Hilderston, West Lothian.Scotland source
1608The Lanark Silver Bell (horse racing trophy) establishedScotland source
1608James Steuart of Coltness, merchant, banker, landowner, politician and Covenanter (died 1681).Scotland source
160826 February – Thomas Craig, jurist and poet (born c.1538)Scotland source
1609Passing of the Statutes of IonaScotland source
1609Establishment of the titles of Lord Dingwall and Lord Cranstoun, two titles in the Peerage of ScotlandScotland source
1609John Gordon, 14th Earl of Sutherland (died 1679).Scotland source
1609James Hamilton, 3rd Earl of Arran (born c.1532)Scotland source
1635May – Without consulting the Parliament of Scotland, Charles I authorized a new Book of Canons, which among others made him the head of the Church of Scotland.Scotland source
1635Publication of the 1635 edition of Scottish Psalter.Scotland source
1635Construction of Malleny House and Garden was initiated.Scotland source
1635Earliest recorded establishment of a lighthouse in Isle of May.Scotland source
163528 December – Elizabeth Stuart, daughter of Charles I (died 1650)Scotland source
163528 March – Patrick Forbes, Scottish bishop (born 1564)Scotland source

18th century

562 entries, 1700 CE to 1799 CE — 25 shown, spread across the century

1700Approximate date about which the independent pro-Union group later known as the Squadrone Volante forms around John Hay, 2nd Marquess of Tweeddale.Scotland source
1703Wine Act 1703 (c. 13 (S)), allowing Scots legally to import French wine.Scotland source
170620 November – a copy of the Treaty of Union is burnt publicly in Dumfries.Scotland source
1709First clout archery competition for the Edinburgh Arrow held by the Royal Company of Archers and won by David Drummond, advocate.Scotland source
1715Horse post introduced between Edinburgh and Glasgow.Scotland source
1718Regius Chair of Anatomy and Botany at the University of Glasgow established.Scotland source
172311 November – 18 people drown in the River Tweed near Melrose when a ferry boat capsizes.Scotland source
172625 May – Britain's first circulating library is opened in Edinburgh by poet and bookseller Allan Ramsay.Scotland source
1731Cumbernauld House, to designs by William Adam, is built.Scotland source
1737Royal Society of Edinburgh formed as the Edinburgh Society for Improving Arts and Sciences and particularly Natural Knowledge.Scotland source
174327 June (16 June O.S.) – War of the Austrian Succession: Battle of Dettingen in Bavaria – British forces, including the Royal Scots Greys, the Scots Guards and the Royal Scots Fusiliers, in alliance with those of Hanover and Hesse, defeat the French; King George II of Great Britain (and Elector of Brunswick) leads his own troops, the last reigning British monarch to participate in a battle.Scotland source
174717 June – Vesting Act authorizes Scottish Court of Exchequer to inquire into the value of estates forfeited from participants in the Jacobite rising of 1745, most forfeitures being upheld, although the Indemnity Act lifts some legal penalties from the participants.Scotland source
17511 July – The Cameronians, at this time serving in Ireland, are formally ranked as the 26th Regiment of Foot.Scotland source
175422 May – In fiction, the village of Brigadoon disappears into the Highland mist (alternate sources say 1747).Scotland source
175778th Fraser Highlanders raised as the Second Highland Battalion.Scotland source
1760The office of Regius Professor of Practical Astronomy in the University of Glasgow is established, with Alexander Wilson as first holder.Scotland source
1764New liturgy for the Scottish Episcopal Church published in Edinburgh.Scotland source
1768Bridge over River Deveron between Banff and Macduff swept away in flood.Scotland source
177210 June – Credit crisis of 1772 is triggered when, following the flight of their partner, Aberdeen-born Alexander Fordyce, to France, the London banking house of Neal, James, Fordyce and Down (which has been speculating in East India Company stock) suspends payment. The resultant panic causes failure of other banks, particularly in Scotland, and especially in Edinburgh and the Ayr Bank.Scotland source
1776New Aray Bridge on Inveraray Castle estate, designed by Robert Mylne, is completed.Scotland source
1781John Howie begins publication of the 2nd edition of his Biographia Scoticana (Scots Worthies): A Brief Historical Account of the Lives, Characters, and Memorable Transactions of the Most Eminent Scots Worthies.Scotland source
17855 October – flight by Florentine aeronaut Vincenzo Lunardi in a gas balloon from George Heriot's School, Edinburgh, across the Firth of Forth to Ceres, Fife (32 mi (51.5 km) in 1.5 hrs).Scotland source
1788December – Robert Burns writes his version of the Scots poem Auld Lang Syne. From Whitsun he has been tenant of Ellisland Farm.Scotland source
179317 August – 79th Regiment of Foot (Cameronian Volunteers) raised at Fort William from members of Clan Cameron by Alan Cameron of Erracht.Scotland source
1796February – Thomas Muir of Huntershill, imprisoned for sedition, escapes from the Australian penal colony at Sydney Cove on Otter 1795 ship.Scotland source

19th century

531 entries, 1800 CE to 1899 CE — 25 shown, spread across the century

1800August – the 93rd (Sutherland Highlanders) Regiment of Foot is first mustered by William Wemyss at Strathnaver; in September they are sent from Fort George via Aberdeen to Guernsey and in October formally gazetted into the British Army.Scotland source
18022 October – first Start Point lighthouse on Sanday, Orkney, completed by Robert Stevenson.Scotland source
1806Napoleonic Wars: Defensive gun batteries placed on the island of Inchgarvie in the Firth of Forth.Scotland source
1809Highland Clearances – first commissioner for clearance of the Leveson-Gower family estates in Scotland for sheep farming, William Young, is appointed.Scotland source
1812March – meeting in Edinburgh to discuss formation of the Scottish Widows Fund and Life Assurance Society.Scotland source
1815Aberdeen Savings Bank is formed.Scotland source
1817Teaninich distillery founded by Hugh Munro at Alness.Scotland source
182013 March – Clan Grant raid on Elgin in a disputed election to the town council.Scotland source
182318 July – Act for building additional Places of Worship in the Highlands and Islands of Scotland passed.Scotland source
182626 May – the Edinburgh and Dalkeith Railway and Garnkirk and Glasgow Railway are authorised.Scotland source
18292–3 August – the "Muckle Spate", a great flood of the River Findhorn which devastates much of Strathspey, washing away many bridges.Scotland source
18322 June – passengers are first carried over the Edinburgh and Dalkeith Railway, between St Leonards and North Esk by horse-drawn carriage.Scotland source
1835Alloa Coal Company established as a partnership by William Mitchell and others to work coal pits in Clackmannanshire.Scotland source
1838Alexander and John Bethune publish Tales and Sketches of the Scottish Peasantry.Scotland source
18421 September – Queen Victoria arrives by sea at Granton, Edinburgh, to start her first visit to Scotland.Scotland source
1846The John Dewar & Sons company is created by John Dewar Sr. and his sonsScotland source
185018 June – paddle steamer Orion sinks off Portpatrick through the negligence of her master with the loss of 50 lives.Scotland source
185631 December – Lord Brougham's Act requires at least one party to a marriage contracted after this date to have been resident in Scotland for 21 days, putting a curb on Gretna Green marriage.Scotland source
1861Edinburgh and Glasgow Bible Societies merged to form the National Bible Society of Scotland.Scotland source
1866Samurai Yamao Yōzō, one of the Chōshū Five, begins 2 years studying marine engineering in Glasgow.Scotland source
18722 October – Kirtlebridge rail crash at Kirtlebridge station on the Caledonian Railway in Dumfries and Galloway: 12 killed in a collisionScotland source
187815 March – restoration of the Scottish hierarchy of the Roman Catholic Church, carried out on the instructions of the newly appointed Pope Leo XIII.Scotland source
1882Archaeologist Robert Munro publishes Ancient Scottish Lake Dwellings or Crannogs.Scotland source
1887The Old Blacksmith's Shop at Gretna Green is promoted as a visitor attraction.Scotland source
189226 November – The original Jenners department store in Edinburgh is destroyed by fire.Scotland source

20th century

124 entries, 1900 CE to 1986 CE — 25 shown, spread across the century

190023 April–12 May – the Automobile Club of Great Britain stages a Thousand Mile Trial, a reliability motor rally over a circular route from London to Edinburgh and return.Scotland source
190021 December – Delting disaster: four fishing boats with 22 crew from the Shetland villages of Mossbank and Firth (in the parish of Delting) are lost in a storm.Scotland source
19022 November – The first Scottish National Antarctic Expedition, organised and led by naturalist William Speirs Bruce, sets out from Troon in the Scotia.Scotland source
190312 February – the North British Locomotive Company of Springburn in Glasgow is formed by merger of Sharp, Stewart and Company, Neilson, Reid and Company and Dübs and Company. In April it receives its first new order for steam locomotives, from India.Scotland source
1906Yarrow Shipbuilders begin their move from London to Scotstoun.Scotland source
19075 February – epidemic of meningitis in Glasgow, Edinburgh and BelfastScotland source
1909The Royal Zoological Society of Scotland is founded by Thomas Haining Gillespie, an Edinburgh lawyer.Scotland source
1914St Andrew's Cathedral, Aberdeen, raised to the status of cathedral within the Episcopal Church.Scotland source
191527 October – World War I: Glasgow revolutionary socialist anti-war protester John Maclean is arrested for the first time under the Defence of the Realm Act and dismissed from his job as a teacher.Scotland source
191717 August – one of English literature's most important and famous meetings takes place when Wilfred Owen introduces himself to fellow poet Siegfried Sassoon at Craiglockhart War Hospital in Edinburgh.Scotland source
191811 February – American Dreadnought battleship USS Texas joins the British Grand Fleet in Scapa Flow.Scotland source
192031 March – Charles David Murray is appointed Solicitor General for Scotland, replacing Thomas Brash Morison.Scotland source
192128 July – Church of Scotland Act 1921 given Royal Assent, recognising the Church's Articles Declaratory and thus its status as the national church in Scotland but independent from the state in spiritual matters.Scotland source
192214–21 August – Loch Maree Hotel botulism poisoning, first recorded outbreak in the United Kingdom.Scotland source
192529 December – Alexander Munro MacRobert appointed Solicitor General for Scotland, replacing David FlemingScotland source
192825 October – a passenger express runs into the rear of a derailed freight train near Dinwoodie railway station with 4 deaths.Scotland source
1932Edinburgh Synagogue is opened.Scotland source
193425 December – dedication of the permanent St Columba's Cathedral at Oban, Mother Church of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Argyll and the Isles.Scotland source
193620 November – The Maybury roadhouse opens on the outskirts of Edinburgh, a notable example of Art Deco by Paterson & Broom.Scotland source
193717 April – A crowd of 149,415 spectators officially (and at least 20,000 more unofficially) watch the Scotland national football team defeat England 3-1 at Hampden Park, Glasgow, an all-time European record for an international match.Scotland source
194024 June–1 July – World War II: Operation Fish – Royal Navy cruiser HMS Emerald sailed from Greenock in convoy to Halifax, Nova Scotia, carrying a large part of the gold reserves of the United Kingdom and securities for safe keeping in Canada. Another convoy set sail on 5 July from the Clyde, including HMS Batory, carrying cargo worth $1.7 billion, the largest movement of wealth in history.Scotland source
194319 June – Jackie Paterson wins the world flyweight boxing title by a knockout in the first minute at Hampden Park in Glasgow.Scotland source
194728 May – Prohibition ends in Wick, Caithness; it also ends this year in Lerwick.Scotland source
19544 July – Fourteen years of rationing in the UK during and following World War II comes to an end, when meat officially comes off ration.Scotland source
19626 December – last permanent residents leave the Island of Stroma.Scotland source