/year

April 13 in history

209 sourced entries recorded on April 13, from 548 CE to 2025 CE. Every line is quoted from the revision it came from.

Events

  • 769April 12–15 – Pope Stephen III holds a Lateran Council: the papal election procedure (abuse of which has led to the election of antipopes) is changed, and the iconoclasm of the Council of Hieria is anathematized.source
  • 814Byzantine–Bulgarian Wars: Over the winter Krum, ruler (khan) of the Bulgarian Empire, had assembled a huge army (including Slavs and Avars), for a campaign against the Byzantine Empire. But before he sets out for a major attack on Constantinople, he dies of a stroke. Krum is succeeded by his son Omurtag.source
  • 945Hugh of Provence abdicates the throne in favor of his son Lothair II (who has been co-ruler since 931) and is acclaimed as sole king of Lombardia. Hugh is allowed to retire in Pavia.source
  • 1055Pope Victor II succeeds Leo IX as the 153rd pope of the Catholic Church in Rome (until 1057).source
  • 1059Nicholas II, with the agreement of the Lateran Council, issues the papal bull In nomine Domini, making the College of Cardinals the sole voters in the papal conclave for the election of popes.source
  • 1111Henry V is crowned as Holy Roman Emperor by Pope Paschal II. Henry returns to Germany where he strengthens his power by granting privileges to the German nobles of the region of the Upper Rhine.source
  • 1147Pope Eugene III issues a bull (known as the Divina dispensatione), permitting Conrad III to attack the Polabian Slavs (or Wends) under the spiritual guidance of Bishop Anselm of Havelberg. The Crusaders are allowed to wear sacred crosses, and Bernard of Clairvaux instructs the Germans how to treat the Slavs under their control. "With God's help", says the abbot, "they shall be either converted or slaughtered".source
  • 1214Simon of Apulia is elected bishop of Exeter in England (approximate date).source
  • 1223Pope Honorius III issues a papal bull relaxing the strict rules that had applied to monks of the Valliscaulian Order.source
  • 1231Pope Gregory IX issues Parens scientiarum. The bull assures the independence and self-governance of the University of Paris.source
  • 1361The University of Pavia is founded, on the Italian Peninsula.source
  • 1369Joanna I of Naples, in her capacity as Countess of Provence, signs a treaty with Louis, Duke of Anjou to end the war between Anjou and Provence.source
  • 1372Saint Bridget and her fellow pilgrims arrive at Famagusta in Cyprus, after their ship has survived a five-day storm that they had encountered after departing from Asia Minor.source
  • 1399The coronation of Martin of Aragon as King takes place in Barcelona. His wife Maria de Luna is crowned as the Queen consort takes place on April 23.source
  • 1411Sandalj Hranić, Duke of Bosnia, sells the Croatian coastal town of Ostrovica to the Republic of Venice, giving the Venetians further control of the Dalmatian Coast and both sides of the Adriatic Sea.source
  • 1423Hundred Years' War: The Treaty of Amiens is signed as a mutual defense treaty between the Duchy of Burgundy, the Duchy of Brittany and the Kingdom of England.source
  • 1423Hundred Years' War – Treaty of Amiens: A defensive agreement is signed between Burgundy, Brittany, and England.source
  • 1435In Germany, Frederick II, Elector of Brandenburg becomes the direct administrator of the Duchy of Pomerania-Stettin upon the death of Casmir V, and acts as regent for Casimir's 8-year-old son, Joachim of Griffin.source
  • 1510Park Won-jong resigns as Chief State Councillor of the Korean Empire and is succeeded by Kim Su-dong.source
  • 1534Sir Thomas More, having been brought before a royal commission to swear his allegiance to the Act of Succession, testifies that he accepts Parliament's right to declare Anne Boleyn the legitimate Queen of England, but denies that the marriage is spiritually valid of the king's second marriage". Holding fast to the Roman Catholic doctrine of papal supremacy, More refuses to take the oath of supremacy toward King Henry VIII. More is confined in the Tower of London. He will be executed on July 6, 1535.source
  • 1589An English Armada, led by Sir Francis Drake and Sir John Norreys, and largely financed by private investors, sets sail to attack the Iberian Peninsula's Atlantic coast, but fails to achieve any naval advantage.source
  • 1592The Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–98) begin with the Siege of Busanjin.source
  • 1598Edict of Nantes (promulgated April 30): Henry IV of France grants French Huguenots equal rights with Catholics; this is considered the end of the French Wars of Religion.source
  • 1601Export prohibition for saltpetre and gunpowder.source
  • 1613Samuel Argall captures Algonquian princess Pocahontas in Passapatanzy, Virginia, to ransom her for some English prisoners held by her father, Chief Powhatan. She is brought to Henricus as a hostage.source
  • 1624Garcia Mvemba a Nkanga is enthroned as King Garcia I of the southern African nation of Kongo (now in Angola), upon the death of his father, King Pedro II.source
  • 1631Thirty Years' War: Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden defeats an imperial garrison at the city of Frankfurt an der Oder.source
  • 1640The Short Parliament assembles, as King Charles I of England attempts to fund the second of the Bishops' Wars.source
  • 1640King Charles I summons the Short Parliament in an attempt to fund the Second Bishops' War against the Scottish Covenanters.source
  • 1650Regulations of the College of Medicine (established 1649) approved by the city of Brusselssource
  • 1668John Dryden becomes Poet Laureate.source
  • 1675King Charles II of England suspends Parliament after just nine weeks when the members refuse to vote additional funding to him.source
  • 1675Parliament refuses to vote funds for Charles II and is suspended after sitting for just nine weeks.source
  • 1694The largest volcanic eruption of Mount Vesuvius since 1631 takes place, with lava flows towards both San Giorgio a Cremano and Torre del Greco, after explosions in the crater that began April 5. Around April 20, ash falls are experienced as far away as Calabria.source
  • 1699The 10th Sikh guru, Guru Gobind Singh, creates the Khalsa at Anandpur Sahib.source
  • 1703Major-General David Colyear, Lord Portmore, is elevated to the style of Earl of Portmore in the Peerage of Scotland.source
  • 1709The Raudot Ordinance of 1709 becomes law in the French colony of New France, legalizing slavery.source
  • 1709The Raudot Ordinance of 1709 becomes law in the French colony of New France, legalizing slavery.source
  • 1711The Treaty of the Lutsk, a secret agreement between the Tsardom of Russia and the Ottoman Protectorate of Moldavia is signed in Lutsk, Poland-Lithuania (modern-day Ukraine).source
  • 1716Austria, ruled by King Charles VI, renews its alliance with the Republic of Venice, leading the Ottoman Empire, ruled by Ahmed III, to declare war.source
  • 1719A Jacobite force under George Keith reaches Loch Alsh in the Scottish Highlands and disembarks, launching the Jacobite rising of 1719source
  • 1735Emperor Sakuramachi accedes to the throne of Japan.source
  • 1742first performance of Handel's Messiah staged at Neal's Music Hall in Fishamble Street, Dublin in aid of local charities. Matthew Dubourg leads the orchestra. Handel leaves Ireland on 13 August.source
  • 1742George Frideric Handel's oratorio The Messiah is first performed, in Dublin, Ireland in aid of local charities.source
  • 1742George Frideric Handel's oratorio The Messiah is first performed in Dublin.source
  • 1743The British East India Company ship Princess Louisa is wrecked off the coast of Maio Island in the Cape Verde Islands, killing 49 of her 179 crew.source
  • 1743British East India Company ship Princess Louisa is wrecked off the coast of Maio Island in the Cape Verde Islands, killing 49 of her 179 crew.source
  • 1750Dr. Thomas Walker and five other men (Ambrose Powell, Colby Chew, William Tomlinson, Henry Lawless and John Hughes) cross through the Cumberland Gap, a mountain pass through the Appalachian Mountains, to become the first white people to venture into territories that had been inhabited exclusively by various Native American tribes. On April 17, Walker's party continues through what is now Kentucky and locates the Cumberland River, which Walker names in honor of Prince William, Duke of Cumberland.source
  • 1752The oldest property insurance company in the United States, "Philadelphia Contributionship for the Insurance of Houses from Loss by Fire", holds its organizational meeting at the courthouse in Philadelphia to elect a board of directors, largely through the efforts of Benjamin Franklin. Franklin's newspaper, The Pennsylvania Gazette, has been advertising the meeting since February 18, with a notice that "All persons inclined to subscribe to the articles of insurance of houses from fire, in or near this city, are desired to appear at the Court-house, where attendance will be given, to take in their subscriptions, every seventh day of the week, in the afternoon, until the 13th of April next, being the day appointed by the said articles for electing twelve directors and a treasurer." The property insurance company is still in existence more than 250 years later.source
  • 1759Seven Years' War – Battle of Bergen: A French army defeats Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick in Hesse.source
  • 1769James Cook arrives in Tahiti, on the ship HM Bark Endeavour, preparing for the 1769 Transit of Venus observed from Tahiti on June 3. After the voyage, the data is found to be inaccurate in determining the distance between the Sun and Earth.source
  • 1769first voyage of James Cook: James Cook arrives in Tahiti on the ship HM Bark Endeavour, preparing to observe the transit of the planet Venus, which takes place on 3 June. After the voyage, the data is found to be inaccurate in determining the distance between the Sun and Earth.source
  • 1772Warren Hastings begins his service for the British East India Company as Governor of Bengal, arriving at the company's headquarters at Fort William, outside of Calcutta, and including what are now parts of northeast India and Bangladesh. Hastings serves for two years, then later becomes Governor-General of India.source
  • 1777American Revolutionary War – Battle of Bound Brook: A British and Hessian force led by Charles Cornwallis surprises a Continental Army outpost in New Jersey, commanded by Major General Benjamin Lincoln.source
  • 1788America's first recorded riot, the 'Doctors' Mob', begins. Residents of Manhattan are angry about grave robbers stealing bodies for doctors to dissect. The rioting is suppressed on April 15.source
  • 1788A riot, the Doctors' Mob, begins. Residents of Manhattan are angry about grave robbers stealing bodies for doctors to dissect. The rioting is suppressed on the 15th.source
  • 1793Manchester Penny Post launched, the first such service in the English provinces.source
  • 1793The Bank of England issues the first £5 note.source
  • 1809April 11–15 – Napoleonic Wars – Battle of the Basque Roads: The British Royal Navy defeats the French fleet in the mouth of the Charente, although officers on both sides face subsequent courts-martial.source
  • 1819The Mansfield and Pinxton Railway, a wagonway, opens for coal traffic.source
  • 1823Franz Liszt, 11, gives a concert in Vienna, after which he is personally congratulated by Ludwig van Beethoven.source
  • 1823Franz Liszt, 11, gives a concert in Vienna, after which he is personally congratulated by Ludwig van Beethoven.source
  • 1829The Catholic Relief Act is passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom, granting a substantial measure of Catholic emancipation in Britain and Ireland.source
  • 1829the Roman Catholic Relief Act, granting Catholic emancipation, becomes law, thanks to Daniel O'Connell and the Catholic Association. Roman Catholics are eligible to sit in the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and in the judiciary. However, Forty Shilling Freeholders are disenfranchised by raising the value of the property qualification to vote in county constituencies to ten pounds.source
  • 1839Albury is proclaimed a villagesource
  • 1842First Anglo-Afghan War: Battle of Jellalabad – British troops are victorious.source
  • 1859The Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art is founded by Peter Cooper, a New York industrialist, inventor and philanthropist.source
  • 1859The New Zealand Advertiser starts publishing in Wellington. In 1867 it is incorporated into the New Zealand Times, but it is restored for six months in 1868.source
  • 1863The Winged Victory of Samothrace, one of the most significant sculptures of classical antiquity, is found in excavations on the Greek island of Samothrace by Charles Champoiseau. Made c. 190 BC, it is later shipped to the Louvre in Paris.source
  • 1868April 9–13 – Battle of Magdala: A British-Indian task force under Robert Napier inflicts 700 deaths and a crushing defeat on the army of Emperor Tewodros II; the British and Indians suffer 30 wounded, two of whom subsequently die. Tewodros commits suicide and Magdala is captured, ending the British Expedition to Abyssinia.source
  • 1870The Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City is established.source
  • 1875The Theatre Royal, Cork closes down for good.source
  • 1883In Colorado, prospector Alferd Packer convicted of manslaughter after being accused of cannibalism.source
  • 1888Kahisakan (可否茶館), the first coffee shop in Japan, opens in Tokyo.source
  • 1889German company Rheinmetall was founded.source
  • 1891Howard Moffat founds newspaper Daily Commercial News, which runs for 108 years before merging with Lloyd's List Australia Weekly to form Lloyd's List DCN.source
  • 1896National Council of Women of New Zealand is founded, with Kate Sheppard as its first president.source
  • 1899The British freighter City of York departs from San Francisco with a crew of 27 and a cargo of timber bound for Fremantle, but never reaches its destination, wrecking on the reefs at Rottnest Island.source
  • 1902A new land speed record of 74 mph is set in Nice, France, by Léon Serpollet driving a steam car.source
  • 1909April 13 (March 31 by Eastern reckoning) – A countercoup begins in the Ottoman Empire.source
  • 191013 April–4 May – The 1910 Costa Rica earthquakes destroy much of Cartago and kill hundreds of people.source
  • 1911Mexican Revolution: Rebels take Agua Prieta on the Sonora–Arizona border; government troops take the town back April 17, when the rebel leader "Red" López gets drunk.source
  • 1919Amritsar Massacre: Under the command of Reginald Dyer, detachments of the 9th Gorkha Rifles and the 59th Scinde Rifles massacre 379 Sikh civilians at Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar, in the Punjab Province.source
  • 1919Eugene V. Debs enters prison at the Atlanta Federal Penitentiary in Atlanta, Georgia for speaking out against conscription in the United States during World War I.source
  • 1921Lloyds Bank takes over Fox, Fowler and Company of Wellington, Somerset, the last provincial English bank to issue its own banknotes.source
  • 1922The State of Massachusetts opens all public offices to women.source
  • 1924The Greek republic referendum favors formation of the Second Hellenic Republic.source
  • 1928April 12 – 14 – The first east–west transatlantic flight by aeroplane takes place from Dublin, Ireland, to Greenly Island, Canada, using the German Junkers W 33 Bremen.source
  • 1928The West Plains, Missouri Dance Hall explosion occurs.source
  • 1930Corneliu Zelea Codreanu forms the Iron Guard out of the far right Legion of the Archangel Michael as a larger paramilitary organisation.source
  • 1932German Chancellor Heinrich Brüning bans the SA and the SS as threats to public order, arguing that they are chiefly responsible for the wave of political violence afflicting Germany.source
  • 1933The Children and Young Persons Act is passed in the United Kingdom. This raises the age of criminal responsibility from 7 to 8, raises the minimum age for capital punishment to 18, places restrictions on the identification in the press of persons under 18 appearing in court, sets a minimum full-time working age of 14 and makes it illegal to sell tobacco products to under-16s.source
  • 1940WWII: Second naval Battle of Narvik – The British Royal Navy sinks all 8 defending German destroyers in the Ofotfjord.source
  • 1940The New York Rangers win the 1940 Stanley Cup Final in ice hockey. It will be another 54 years before their next win in 1994.source
  • 1942The United States Federal Communications Commission's minimum programming time required of television stations is cut from 15 hours to 4 hours a week during the war.source
  • 1948The Hadassah medical convoy massacre takes place, in British Mandatory Palestine.source
  • 1949The 6.7 Mw Olympia earthquake affected the Puget Sound region of western Washington with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe), causing eight deaths and $25 million in damage.source
  • 1957The 1957 alleged Jordanian military coup attempt against Hussein Bin Talal is made by Ali Abu Nuwar.source
  • 1958The Soviet satellite Sputnik 2 (launched November 3, 1957) disintegrates during reentry from orbit.source
  • 1960The opening of the new building of Taipei Grand Mosque in Daan District, Taipei.source
  • 1960MV Arlanza becomes the last passenger liner launched by Harland & Wolff in Belfast (for Royal Mail Line).source
  • 1962OAS leader Edmond Jouhaud is sentenced to death in France.source
  • 1964At the 36th Academy Awards ceremony, Sidney Poitier becomes the first African-American to win an Academy Award in the category Best Actor in a Leading Role in Lilies of the Field.source
  • 1968The PAP wins the 1968 General Election.source
  • 1970An oxygen tank in the Apollo 13 spacecraft explodes, forcing the crew to abort the mission and return in four days.source
  • 1972The Universal Postal Union decides to recognize the People's Republic of China as the only legitimate Chinese representative, effectively expelling the Republic of China administering Taiwan.source
  • 1972The third United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD III) is held at the then Centro Cultural Gabriela Mistral in the city of Santiago.source
  • 1973The ship Sierra Maestra from Cuba arrives at Talcahuano with 11,400 tons of sugar.source
  • 1975Bus massacre: The Kataeb militia kills 27 Palestinians during an attack on their bus in Ain El Remmeneh, Lebanon, triggering the Lebanese Civil War which lasts until 1990.source
  • 1976The United States Treasury Department reintroduces the two-dollar bill as a Federal Reserve Note on Thomas Jefferson's 233rd birthday as part of the United States Bicentennial celebration.source
  • 1976The Lapua Cartridge Factory explosion in Lapua, Finland kills 40.source
  • 1977Roman Catholic Diocese of Nuevo Casas Grandes established.source
  • 1979The La Soufrière volcano erupts in St. Vincent and the Grenadines.source
  • 1984India launches Operation Meghdoot, bringing most of the disputed Siachen Glacier region of Kashmir under Indian control and triggering the Siachen conflict with Pakistan.source
  • 1986Pope John Paul II officially visits the Great Synagogue of Rome, the first time a modern Pope has visited a synagogue.source
  • 1986The first child born to a non-related surrogate mother is born.source
  • 1987The governments of the Portuguese Republic and the People's Republic of China sign an agreement in which Macau will be returned to China in 1999.source
  • 1990Cold War: The Soviet Union apologizes for the Katyn massacre.source
  • 1992The 5.3 Mw Roermond earthquake affects the Netherlands, Germany and Belgium with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VII (Very strong).source
  • 1992The 1992 Roermond earthquake had a moment magnitude of 5.3 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of VII (Very strong).source
  • 2000Nina Brink is fired as the chairwoman of the commissary council of World Onlinesource
  • 2002A contact-based card system used for travel, EZ-Link, is launched for sale.source
  • 2004A newborn western gorilla is observed for the first time in 50 years in the Léfini Faunal Reserve.source
  • 2012Kwangmyŏngsŏng-3, a North Korean Earth observation satellite, explodes shortly after launch. The United States and other countries had called the impending launch a violation of United Nations Security Council demands. The launch was planned to mark the centenary of the birth of Kim Il Sung, the founder of the republic.source
  • 2013Venezuelan presidential election: Nicolás Maduro is declared winner with a narrow victory over his opponent Henrique Capriles Radonski. Protests continue to October.source
  • 2016A magnitude 6.9 earthquake struck 135 km north-west of Mandalay.source
  • 2017In the 2017 Nangarhar airstrike, the U.S. drops the GBU-43/B MOAB, the world's largest non-nuclear weapon, at an ISIL base in the Nangarhar Province of eastern Afghanistan.source
  • 2018April 4–15 – The 2018 Commonwealth Games are held in Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.source
  • 2020A historical landmark church inside Haiti's UNESCO World Heritage site, Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception Church in Milot, is destroyed in a fire.source
  • 2021A telehealth program is announced in Botswana through the United States University Partnerships Initiative.source
  • 2021Japan's government approves the dumping of radioactive water of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean over the course of 30 years, with full support of the International Atomic Energy Agency. The decision is opposed by China, South Korea, and Taiwan.source
  • 2022COVID-19 pandemic: The number of confirmed cases exceeds 500 million worldwide.source
  • 2022A 6.3 magnitude earthquake hits the Papua New Guinean island of New Britain.source
  • 2024Iran launches retaliatory strikes against Israel after an Israeli airstrike on the Iranian consulate in Damascus earlier in the month.source
  • 2025October 13 – Expo 2025 is held in Osaka, Japan.source

Births

  • 1154Gökböri, Ayyubid general (died 1233)source
  • 1229Louis II (the Strict), German nobleman (died 1294)source
  • 1350Margaret III, Countess of Flanders (died 1405)source
  • 1442Henry IV of Neuhaus, High Treasurer of Bohemia (1485–1503), Burgrave of Prague Castle (1503–1507) (died 1507)source
  • 1458John II, Duke of Cleves (died 1521)source
  • 1506Peter Faber, French Jesuit theologian (died 1546)source
  • 1506Peter Faber, French Catholic priest and co-founder of the Society of Jesus (d.1546)source
  • 1519Catherine de' Medici, Italian noblewoman, queen consort of Henry II of France and regent of France (died 1589)source
  • 1519Catherine de' Medici, queen of France (d.1589).source
  • 1549Count Juraj IV Zrinski of Croatia (died 1603)source
  • 1570Guy Fawkes, English conspirator (died 1606)source
  • 1570Simon Fraser, 6th Lord Lovatsource
  • 1593Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford, English statesman (died 1641)source
  • 1593Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford, English politician (executed 1641)source
  • 1636Hendrik van Rheede, Dutch botanist (died 1691)source
  • 1648Jeanne Marie Bouvier de la Motte Guyon, French mystic (died 1717)source
  • 1690Joachim Wagner, organ builder (died 1749)source
  • 1710Jonathan Carver, colonial American military officer (died 1780)source
  • 1732Frederick North, Lord North, Prime Minister of Great Britain (died 1792)source
  • 1743Thomas Jefferson, third President of the United States, author of the Declaration of American Independence (died 1826)source
  • 1764Laurent de Gouvion Saint-Cyr, French marshal (died 1830)source
  • 1767Artemy Vedel, composer (died 1808)source
  • 1769Thomas Lawrence, English painter (died 1830)source
  • 1771Richard Trevithick, English inventor (died 1833)source
  • 1808Antonio Meucci, Italian-born inventor (died 1889)source
  • 1866Butch Cassidy, American outlaw (k. 1908)source
  • 1867Sammy Woods, English cricketer (died 1931)source
  • 1873John W. Davis, American politician, diplomat, and lawyer (died 1955)source
  • 1901Jacques Lacan, French psychoanalyst, psychiatrist (died 1981)source
  • 1906Samuel Beckett, Irish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1989)source
  • 1909Stanislaw Ulam, Polish-born American mathematician (died 1984)source
  • 1922Julius Nyerere, 1st President of Tanzania (died 1999)source
  • 1931Dan Gurney, American race car driver (died 2018)source
  • 1963Garry Kasparov, Russian chess playersource

Deaths

  • 548Emperor Lý Nam Đế of Vietnam is killed by Laotian tribesmen, while on retreat from the Hong River Plain. He is succeeded by his elder brother Lý Thiên Bảo.source
  • 548Lý Nam Đế, emperor of Vietnamsource
  • 585Hermenegild, Visigothic prince (or 586)source
  • 799Paul the Deacon, Lombard monk and historiansource
  • 814Krum, ruler (khan) of the Bulgarian Empiresource
  • 862King Donald I of Scotland dies after a 4-year reign. He is succeeded by his nephew Constantine I, as ruler of Scotland.source
  • 862Donald I, king of Scotland (born 812)source
  • 989Bardas Phokas, Byzantine generalsource
  • 1035Herbert I of Maine, French nobleman (approximate date)source
  • 1093The Grand Prince of Kiev Vsevolod I Yaroslavich dies, after a 15-year reign. He is succeeded by Sviatopolk II, who is acknowledged by other princes as the senior son of Iziaslav I, and ascends the Kievan throne as ruler of the Kievan Rus'. His cousin Vladimir II, prince of Chernigov, becomes a bitter rival.source
  • 1093Vsevolod I Yaroslavich, Grand Prince of Kiev (born 1030)source
  • 1113Ida of Lorraine, French countess (born 1040)source
  • 1213Guy of Thouars, regent of Brittanysource
  • 1275Eleanor of England, countess of Leicester (born 1215)source
  • 1310In Burma, Athinkhaya, one of the three brothers serving as regents of the Kingdom of Myinsaing in present-day central Burma (Myanmar), dies at the age of 49, leaving his brothers Thihathu and Yazathingyan in control. Thihathu will soon be the sole ruler of Burma.source
  • 1310Athinkhaya, Burmese ruler and regent (born 1261)source
  • 1313Guillaume de Nogaret, French statesman and councillor (born 1260)source
  • 1320Margaret of Castello, Italian nun and teacher (born 1287)source
  • 1323Joan of Lusignan, French noblewoman and ruler (born 1260)source
  • 1367John Tiptoft, 2nd Baron Tibetot (born 1313)source
  • 1517Tuman Bey II, the former King of Egypt, is executed along with his aides, bringing an end to the Abbasid dynasty.source
  • 1546Alice Glaston, age 11, becomes the youngest girl ever to be legally executed in England (though John Dean, age 8, is executed on February 23, 1629)source
  • 1550Innocenzo Cybo, Italian Catholic cardinal (born 1491)source
  • 1570Daniele Barbaro, Italian architect (born 1514)source
  • 1605Tsar Boris Godunov dies; Feodor II accedes to the Russian throne.source
  • 1605Boris Godunov, Tsar of Russia (born 1551)source
  • 1635Fakhr-al-Din II, Ottoman Emir of Chouf (born 1572)source
  • 1635Druze warlord Fakhr-al-Din II is executed in Constantinople.source
  • 1638Henri, Duke of Rohan, French Huguenot leader (born 1579)source
  • 1643Margherita Farnese, Benedictine nun (born 1567)source
  • 1695Jean de La Fontaine, French poet, fabulist and writer (born 1621)source
  • 1722Charles Leslie, Irish Anglican theologian (born 1650)source
  • 1769Anna Canalis di Cumiana, morganatic spouse of Victor Amadeus II of Savoy (born 1680)source
  • 1782Metastasio, Italian poet, librettist (born 1698)source
  • 1868Emperor Theodore or Tewodros II of Ethiopia by suicide (born 1818)source
  • 1873Colfax massacre: More than 60 to 150 black men are murdered in Colfax, Louisiana, while surrendering to a mob of former Confederate soldiers and members of the Ku Klux Klan.source
  • 1874Etō Shimpei (born 1834) and Shima Yoshitake (born 1822), rebel leaders (executed by beheading)source
  • 1903Moritz Lazarus, German philosopher (born 1824)source
  • 1905Taguchi Ukichi, historian and economist (born 1855)source
  • 1984Two Palestinians who were captured after a bus hijacking are killed by Shin Bet officers, attempts to later coverup the scandal were termed the Kav 300 affair.source