1911 CE

The 1911 Revolution in China ends over two millennia of imperial rule and establishes the Republic of China; The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire in New York City kills 146 workers, prompting major labor and safety reforms; The Italo-Turkish War begins as Italy invades Ottoman territories in North Africa, marking the first war with aerial bombardment; The Agadir Crisis heightens tensions between Germany and France in Morocco, escalating prewar rivalries; Roald Amundsen becomes the first person to reach the South Pole; The Coronation of George V and Mary at Westminster Abbey inaugurates the new reign in the United Kingdom.

In the 1910s, the 20th century.

Geopolitics & Diplomacy

January 1 – A decade after federation, the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory are added to the Commonwealth of Australia.source
January – Voters in El Salvador voted for Manuel Enrique Araujo to be President of El Salvador.El Salvador source
March 23 – For the first time ever, the King consults with a socialist deputy, Leonida Bissolati, about the formation of a new government. Giovanni Giolitti is asked to form a new government. Bissolati declines a post in the new cabinet a few days later.Italy source
May 8 — the government of Great Qing withdrew the military department and re-established the cabinet. Yikuang is the prime minister of the cabinet. The members are mainly Manchu, they are known as the Royal Cabinet.China source
May 21 – Mexican Revolution: In Ciudad Juárez, a peace treaty is signed between Madero's rebels and government troops.source
May 25 – Mexican Revolution: Porfirio Díaz signs his resignation and leaves for Veracruz; on May 31 he leaves for exile in France.source
28 May - Constituent National Assembly electionPortugal source
August 30 – Saionji Kinmochi is appointed Prime Minister of Japan.Japan source
November 4 – Morocco–Congo Treaty brings the Agadir Crisis to a close. This treaty leads Morocco to be split between France (as a protectorate) and Spain (as the colony of Spanish Sahara), with Germany forfeiting all claims to Morocco. In return, France gives Germany a portion of the French Congo (as Kamerun) and Germany cedes some of German Kamerun to France (as Chad).source
4 November – The Treaty of Berlin brings the Agadir Crisis to a close. This treaty leads Morocco to be split between France (as a protectorate) and Spain (as the colony of Spanish Sahara), with Germany forfeiting all claims to Morocco. In return, France gives Germany a portion of the French Congo (as Kamerun) and Germany cedes some of German Kamerun to France (as Chad).Germany source
Louis Botha and J.B.M. Hertzog officially establish the South African Party as the "South African National Party" in Bloemfontein, although the Party had already been supported informally by candidates in national elections the year prior.South Africa source
December 1 – Outer Mongolia, the predecessor of modern-day Mongolia, is declared independent from the Chinese Empire.source
7 December - Qiqihar Protocol between Russia and China on border demarcation in the Argun River areaRussia source
December 29 – Sun Yat-sen is elected Provisional President of the Republic of China.source

Conflict & Security

January 3 – Siege of Sidney Street in London: Two Latvian anarchists die, after a seven-hour siege against a combined police and military force. Home Secretary Winston Churchill arrives to oversee events.source
February 5 – The revolution in Haiti is suppressed after the leader, General Montreuil Guillaume, is captured by government troops and shot. General Millionard is executed two days later.source
April 7–May 10 – Battle of Ciudad Juarez (1911)Mexico source
April 13 – Mexican Revolution: Rebels take Agua Prieta on the Sonora–Arizona border; government troops take the town back April 17, when the rebel leader "Red" López gets drunk.source
April 19 – Mexican Revolution: Francisco I. Madero's troops besiege Ciudad Juárez, but General Juan J. Navarro refuses his surrender demand.source
April 27 – Huanghuagang Uprising: In China, rebels take five villages in an attempt to create a power base to fight Imperial rule; those who die are remembered as "The 72 Martyrs" (the event is also called the "Second Guangzhou Uprising" and the "Yellow Flower Mound Revolt").source
May 8 – Mexican Revolution: Pancho Villa launches an attack against government troops in Ciudad Juárez without Madero's permission; the government troops surrender on May 10.source
May 13–15 – Mexican Revolution: Torreón massacre – Over 300 Chinese residents are massacred by the revolutionary forces of Francisco I. Madero, in the Mexican city of Torreón.source
May 24 – Mexican Revolution: Government troops fire at anti-Diaz demonstrators in Mexico City, killing about 200 (officials claim only 40).source
July 1 – The presence of the German warship SMS Panther in the Moroccan port of Agadir triggers the Agadir Crisis.source
1 July – The Agadir Crisis is triggered when Germany's Ambassador to France, Wilhelm von Schoen, delivers a diplomatic note to France's Foreign Minister Justin de Selves, announcing that Germany has sent the gunboat SMS Panther and troops, to occupy Agadir, at that time a part of the protectorate of French Morocco. TGermany source
29 July – Mohun Bagan was the first Indian team and the first Asian team to have defeated a foreign team when they won the 1911 IFA Shield defeating East Yorkshire Regiment 2–1 to lift the IFA Shield.India source
14 September - Prime Minister of Russia Pyotr Stolypin assassinated by Dmitry Bogrov in Kiev Opera House.Russia source
16 September – The 1911 NSWRFL season culminates in a final re-play win to Eastern Suburbs, who defeated minor premiers Glebe 11 to 8.Australia source
September 29 – Italy declares war on the Ottoman Empire.source
September 29 – Italy declares war on the Ottoman Empire over claims in Libya. The Italo-Turkish War would go on until October 18, 1912. The Italian fleet appeared off Tripoli in the evening of September 28, but only began bombarding the port on October 3. The city was conquered by 1,500 sailors, much to the enthusiasm of the interventionist minority in Italy. Another proposal for a diplomatic settlement was rejected by the Italians, and the Turks determined therefore to defend the province. As a result of this conflict, Italy captured Ottoman Tripolitania. These territories together formed what became known as Italian Libya. During the conflict, Italian forces also occupied the Dodecanese islands in the Aegean Sea.Italy source
October 10 – The Wuchang Uprising starts the Xinhai Revolution that leads to the founding of the Republic of China.source
October 10 — Wuchang Uprising (Xinhai Revolution)China source
October 16 – Mexican Revolution: Felix Diaz, nephew of Porfirio Díaz, occupies the port of Veracruz, as a sign of rebellion against Madero.source
November 1 – The world's first combat aerial bombing mission takes place in Libya, during the Italo-Turkish War. Second Lieutenant Giulio Gavotti of Italy drops several small bombs.source
November 5 – Italy annexes Tripoli and Cyrenaica (confirmed by an act of the Italian Parliament on February 25, 1912).source
December 11 – Russian Invasion of Tabriz and two other northern cities of Iran begins.Iran source

Exploration & Expansion

January 4 – Amundsen and Scott expeditions: Robert Falcon Scott's British Terra Nova Expedition to the South Pole arrives in the Antarctic and establishes a base camp at Cape Evans on Ross Island.source
January 14 – Amundsen and Scott expeditions: Roald Amundsen's Norwegian South Pole expedition arrives in the Antarctic and establishes a base camp at the Bay of Whales on the eastern edge of the Ross Ice Shelf.source
May 18 – June 6 – The Italian rider Carlo Galetti wins the 3rd Giro d'Italia stage bicycle race.Italy source
June 28 – RMS Olympic departs New York for her maiden eastbound voyage home to Southampton, England.source
July 5 – RMS Olympic arrives in Southampton ending her maiden eastbound voyage from New York.source
July 24 – Hiram Bingham rediscovers Machu Picchu in Peru.source
July 28 – The Australasian Antarctic Expedition begins as the SY Aurora departs London.source
August 29 – Ishi, the last unassimilated Native American in the U.S. using stone tools, emerges from hiding near Oroville, California.source
August 29 – Ishi, last known member of the Yana people, leaves the California wilderness.United States source
October 20 – Amundsen and Scott expeditions: Amundsen's expedition sets out for the South Pole from his base camp.source
November 1 – Amundsen and Scott expeditions: Capt. Scott's Terra Nova Expedition sets out for the South Pole from his base camp.source
8 November – Natal – Port Shepstone to Paddock (Narrow gauge), 24 mi 30 ch.South Africa source
December 2 – Australasian Antarctic Expedition sets sail from Hobart.source
2 December – The Australasian Antarctic Expedition, led by Douglas Mawson, leaves Hobart to begin an expedition to Antarctica.Australia source
December 14 – Amundsen and Scott expeditions: Roald Amundsen's Norwegian expedition reaches the geographical South Pole, 34 days ahead of Capt. Scott. News of Amundsen's success will not reach the outside world until next March.source
14 December – Roald Amundsen's Norwegian expedition becomes the first to reach the South Pole.Norway source
December 18 – The first exhibition by Der Blaue Reiter group of painters opens in Munich.source
The Union chocolate factory (present-day Kraš) opened in Zagreb.Croatia source
New Zealand Trotting Cup: Lady ClareNew Zealand source
Date unknown – The Swedish Cross-Country Skiing Association is renamed the Swedish Ski Association.Sweden source

Religion & Belief

June 22 – George V and Mary are crowned King and Queen of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, at Westminster Abbey in London.source
22 June – Coronation of George V and Queen Mary at Westminster Abbey, London.United Kingdom source
19 July – Thistle Chapel, designed by Robert Lorimer, dedicated in St Giles' Cathedral, Edinburgh.Scotland source
29 August – The Diocese of Kottayam was erected on this day (Kerala, India) for the Knanaya Catholic people of the Syro-Malabar Church. In 2005 the diocese was raised to the rank of Archdiocese.India source
October 28 – The Rosicrucian Fellowship's international headquarters opens at Mount Ecclesia, Oceanside, California (preceded by its formal constitution on August 8, 1909, at Seattle, Washington).United States source
Jean de La Hire - Le Mystère des XVFrance source
Monarch – Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946)Italy source
Establishment of Lusitano G.C.Portugal source
Rugby league - Merthyr Tydfil RLFC fold after four seasons.Wales source

Economy & Finance

January 26 – The United States and Canada announce the successful negotiation of their first reciprocal trade agreement.source
April 24 – The 3rd National Congress of the General Confederation of Labour (Confederazione Generale del Lavoro – CGdL), the most important Italian trade union, in Modena, affirms the independence of the trade union movement from party political constraints.Italy source
26 April – A federal referendum is held containing two questions: one on Trade and Commerce and the other on Nationalisation of Monopolies. Neither is carried.Australia source
May 15 – The U.S. Supreme Court declares Standard Oil to be an "unreasonable" monopoly under the Sherman Antitrust Act and orders the company to be dissolved.United States source
June 20 – Idemitsu Shokai, as predecessor of Idemitsu Showa Shell Petroleum, founded in Moji, now part of Kitakyushu, Fukuoka Prefecture.Japan source
June 23 – Frank C. Mars starts the Mars Candy Factory in Tacoma, Washington, origin of Mars, Incorporated, the global confectionery and pet food brand.source
16 December – National Insurance Act 1911 passed, providing for (limited) contributory health and unemployment insurance for working people.United Kingdom source
Total imports: USD 870,135,289.Belgium source
Sir Samuel Kelly founded his family coal merchant business as a limited company with a capital of £50,000, as John Kelly Limited.Ireland source
1911 Liberal policy focused on decrease in military expenditure. This led to conflict between Staaf and King Gustav V.Sweden source

Technology & Infrastructure

January 18 – Eugene B. Ely lands on the deck of the USS Pennsylvania stationed in San Francisco harbor, the first time an aircraft has landed on a ship.source
January 21 – First Monte Carlo Rally inaugurated.source
18 February – Henri Pequet, flying a Humber biplane, carried mail from Allahabad to Naini junction which was the first flight in India.India source
February unknown – Kobayashi Gas Appliance Manufacturing, as predecessor of Paloma, a gas cooking and heating appliance manufacturing brand, was founded in Nagoya.Japan source
In April, Zhao Erfeng was appointed as Viceroy of Sichuan by the Government of Great Qing. Before he took office, he was appointed by Wang Renwen. In order to stabilize the situation of Railway Protection Movement, Zhao had jointly requested local officials at various levels to request the central government to change the state-owned policy Of railways, but it was not allowed.China source
May 14 – Giovanni "Ernesto" Ceirano wins the 1911 Targa Florio endurance automobile race on Sicily.Italy source
May 30 – The first Indianapolis 500 automobile race is held in the United States, won by Ray Harroun at an average speed of 74.59 miles per hour.source
August 17–20 – Britain's National Railway strike of 1911, its first national strike of railway workers; on August 19 it leads to the Llanelli riots in Wales which result in 6 deaths.source
November 3 – Chevrolet officially enters the automobile market in the United States, in competition with the Ford Model T.source
18 December - The Marburg railway line opens in South west QueenslandAustralia source
23 December: George Bolt's first flights, in an early form of hang-glider.New Zealand source
December 24 – Lackawanna Cut-Off railway line opens in New Jersey and Pennsylvania.source
President Alfaro is removed from office. After a failed attempt to regain office, he is captured near Guayaquil and sent to Quito on a railroad built during his term in office. He is later exiled to Panama.Ecuador source
The Natal Government Railways places the first two of seven 4-6-2 Pacific narrow gauge tank steam locomotives in service. On the SAR they will become the Class NG4.South Africa source

Science & Discovery

February 17 – The first "quasi-official" airmail flight occurs, when Fred J. Wiseman carries three letters between Petaluma and Santa Rosa, California.source
February 18 – The first official air mail flight, second overall, takes place in British India from Allahabad to Naini when Henri Pequet carries 6,500 letters a distance of 13 km.source
February 22 – One of Japan's most well-known authors, Natsume Sōseki, sends a letter to the Ministry of Education, refusing the title of professor of literature. He explains that he just wants to go on living his life as "Natsume so-and-so."Japan source
March – The first installment of a serialized version of Frederick Winslow Taylor's monograph, The Principles of Scientific Management, appears in The American Magazine. The complete series runs in the March, April, and May issues, giving a boost to the efficiency movement.United States source
April 8 – Heike Kamerlingh Onnes discovers superconductivity; he presents his findings on April 28.source
May 31 – The hull of the RMS Titanic is launched in Belfast, on the same day RMS Olympic starts her sea trials.source
31 May – launching of the ocean liner RMS Titanic in Belfast. Her sister RMS Olympic sails for Liverpool the same day to take up transatlantic service.United Kingdom source
June 14 – RMS Olympic departs Southampton, England, for her maiden voyage. On June 15, she arrives in Queenstown, Ireland, to discharge and take up passengers.source
June 21 – RMS Olympic arrives in New York at the end of her maiden voyage.source
June 28 – The Nakhla meteorite falls in the Abu Hummus region of Egypt, providing evidence of water on Mars.source
October 4 – John Young Monument unveiledCanada source
16 December - The Imperial Copyright Act (coming into effect in 1912) entitles the National Library of Wales to be given by legal deposit a copy of all British publications in specified categories, based on a memorandum drafted by Daniel Lleufer Thomas.Wales source
New Zealand-born British physicist Ernest Rutherford deduces the existence of a compact atomic nucleus from experiments involving Rutherford scattering, proposing the Rutherford model of the atom.source
Geneva Convention Act (British statute)India source
New Zealand national rugby league teamNew Zealand source
Gleb Kotelnikov invented the knapsack parachuteRussia source

Health & Medicine

2 April – The national population census was taken.Ireland source
3 April - 1911 Australian census was the first national population census. The day used for the census, was taken for the night between 2 and 3 April 1911. The total population of the Commonwealth of Australia was counted as 4,455,005.Australia source
22 August – the Official Secrets Act 1911 comes into effect.United Kingdom source
30 October – First Solvay Conference convenes, chaired by Hendrik Lorentz.Belgium source

Crime & Justice

March 11 – Start of the Cuocolo Trial in Viterbo. The trial was ostensibly to prosecute those charged with the murder of the Camorra boss Gennaro Cuocolo and his wife in 1906, but was transformed into a trial against the Camorra, intending to use it to strike the final blow to the criminal organisation. The verdict was delivered on 8 July 1912.Italy source
25 March - murder of Andrei Yushchinsky, a student of the preparatory class of the Kiev Sophia religious school. The authorities (including the Minister of Justice) put pressure on the investigation and contributed to the adoption of a religious-ritual version of the murder. The Jew Mendel Beilis was accused of the crime, but the jury acquitted him. The murder investigation and the ensuing trial, known as the "Beilis case", were widely covered in the Russian and world press.Russia source
August 21 – Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa is stolen from the Louvre museum in Paris by Vincenzo Peruggia; the painting is returned in 1913.source
11 September – Sir Fitzroy Maclean, 10th Baronet, buys the ruined Duart Castle on the Isle of Mull to restore as the seat of the Clan Maclean.Scotland source
October 7 – Outlaw Elmer McCurdy and "associates" are chased after trying to rob a train in Oklahoma. McCurdy on the run is eventually hunted down and shot by authorities. His body is never claimed and later is chemically petrified. Afterwards his remains serve as sideshow attractions in carnivals until 1976 when they are diagnosed by forensic experts to be McCurdy. McCurdy's body is finally buried in 1976 after a 65-year odyssey to the grave.United States source
Autumn In France by Emily Carr.Canada source
A Victim of the Mormons, directed by August BlomDenmark source
Auckland defend the Ranfurly Shield against South Auckland (21–5) and Poverty Bay (29–10)New Zealand source
Chair - William Roberts, "Iorwerth VII"Wales source

Disasters & Accidents

10 January - The cargo ship SS São Luiz runs aground off the coast of Rio Grande do Norte.Brazil source
20 February - Bologoye cinema fire, 64 dead, most of them (43) are childrenRussia source
23 March – The steamer SS Yongala sinks in a cyclone off the coast of Townsville, Queensland killing 122 people.Australia source
March 25 – The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire in New York City kills 146 people.source
March 25 – The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire in New York City kills 146.United States source
April 18 – SS Lusitania, a 5,557-ton Portuguese passenger liner en route from Mozambique to Lisbon, strikes Bellows Rock just off Cape Point and sinks.source
April 18 – Lusitania, a Portuguese 5,557 ton passenger liner, strikes Bellows Rock just off Cape Point en route from Mozambique to Lisbon and sinks. Only 8 out of the 774 people on board lose their lives.South Africa source
April 22 – A passenger train from Port Alfred to Grahamstown, South Africa derails on the Blaauwkrantz Bridge, and plunges into the ravine 200 ft below, killing 31 and seriously injuring 23.source
9 May – a fire at the Empire Palace Theatre in Edinburgh kills eleven people, including illusionist Sigmund Neuberger ("The Great Lafayette") and also his lion and horse; he is buried in Piershill Cemetery with his dog Beauty.Scotland source
May 15 –Standard Oil is dissolved by the Supreme Court of the United States into 34 separate oil companies including Exxon, Mobil, Chevron, Texaco, and others due to violation of the Sherman Anti-Trust Actsource
4 September - Members of the South Wales Miners' Federation return to work after a ten-month strike against colliery owners in the Cambrian Combine which triggered the Tonypandy riots, having accepted the 2s 3d per ton payment rate negotiated prior to the strike by William Abraham.Wales source
20 September – the new liner RMS Olympic, sister ship to the Titanic, collides with Royal Navy cruiser HMS Hawke off Southampton; there is no loss of life or serious injury.United Kingdom source
September 25 – French battleship Liberté explodes at anchor in Toulon, France, killing around 300 onboard and in the surrounding area.source
December 9 – Cross Mountain Mine disaster: A coal mine explosion near Briceville, Tennessee kills 84 miners, despite rescue efforts led by the United States Bureau of Mines.source

Climate & Environment

January 3 – 1911 Kebin earthquake: An earthquake of 8.0 moment magnitude strikes near Almaty in Russian Turkestan, killing 450 or more people.source
3 January - 1911 Kebin earthquake: An earthquake of 7.7 moment magnitude strikes near Almaty in Russian Turkestan, killing 450 or more people.Russia source
January 11 – Fort Vermilion records the coldest temperature in North America at -78.2 °F, holding the record until 1947.Canada source
February 18 – A serious earthquake causes a landslide that creates Lake Sarez in modern-day Tajikistan.source
18 February - an earthquake in Pamir Mountains blocking the Murghab River by a landslide led to the formation of Sarez LakeRussia source
March 1 – The Imperial Theater is completed, but is later lost to fire during the Great Kanto earthquake.Japan source
June 7 – Mexican Revolution: Francisco Madero arrives in Mexico City, just after the 1911 Michoacán earthquake.source
9 August – Raunds, Northamptonshire, records a temperature of 98 °F (36.7 °C), the highest UK temperature until 1990.United Kingdom source
September 11 – An eruption of Mount Etna on Sicily sends a lava stream 2,000 feet wide and four feet deep, and leaves 20,000 homeless, between Linguaglossa and Randazzo.Italy source
November 11 – The Great Blue Norther of 11/11/11: A record cold snap hits the United States Midwest; many cities break record highs and lows on the same day.United States source
Lima Barreto - Triste Fim de Policarpo QuaresmaBrazil source

Culture & Society

January 5 – Egypt's Zamalek SC is founded as a general sports and Association football club by Belgian lawyer George Merzbach as Qasr El Nile Club.source
January 12 – Blagoje Bersa's opera Oganj (Der Eisenhammer) premiered at the Croatian National Theatre in Zagreb.Croatia source
January 26 – Premiere of Richard Strauss's opera Der Rosenkavalier in Dresden.source
March 19 – International Women's Day is celebrated for the first time across Europe.source
1 April - Guarani Futebol Clube is founded in Campinas, São Paulo, by a group of 12 students.Brazil source
April 3 – Jean Sibelius conducts the premiere of his Symphony No. 4, in Helsinki.source
April 26 – HŠK Građanski Zagreb (predecessor of GNK Dinamo Zagreb), a Croatian Association football club, is founded in Zagreb.source
April 29 — Establishment of Tsinghua UniversityChina source
2 May – The Chilean National History Museum is founded.Chile source
May Unknown date – Tamura Fishery Association, as predecessor of Nissui, founded in Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi Prefecture.Japan source
June 4 – On the 50th anniversary of the unification of Italy, a crowd of one million people turned out in Rome to watch the unveiling of Il Vittoriano, a 250-foot-high monument in honor of King Victor Emmanuel II.Italy source
June 11 – The Sixth Conference of the International Woman Suffrage Alliance opens in Stockholm, Sweden.source
June 13 – Igor Stravinsky's ballet Petrushka is premiered by Sergei Diaghilev's Ballets Russes in Paris with Vaslav Nijinsky in the lead.source
July 25 – Headington Football Club merge with Headington Quarry to create Headington United, which much later becomes Oxford United F.C. in England.source
August 27 – CSKA Moscow, a professional multi-sports club in Russia, is officially founded.source
October 4 – China adopts "Cup of Solid Gold" as its first national anthem. However, it is never performed publicly and is replaced a few months later with a new composition.source
November 17 – Omega Psi Phi fraternity is founded on the campus of Howard University, in Washington, D.C.source
8 December - Establishment of S.C. SalgueirosPortugal source
December 12 – The Delhi Durbar is held to mark the coronation of George V and Queen Mary as Emperor and Empress of India, and the transfer of the capital of British India from Calcutta to Delhi.source
The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition is published under American management in England, by Cambridge University Press.source
The University of Iceland is established.Iceland source

Births

January 13 – Joh Bjelke-Petersen, 31st Premier of Queensland (died 2005)source
January 18 – Danny Kaye, American actor, comedian (died 1987)source
February 6 – Ronald Reagan, 40th President of the United States and actor (died 2004)source
March 13 – L. Ron Hubbard, American author, founder of Scientology (died 1986)source
March 25 – Jack Ruby, American mobster, killer of Lee Harvey Oswald (died 1967)source
May 15 – Max Frisch, Swiss playwright and novelist (died 1991)source
May 27 – Hubert Humphrey, American politician, Vice President of the United States (1965–1969) (died 1978)source
June 24 – Juan Manuel Fangio, Argentine racing driver (died 1995)source
July 21 – Marshall McLuhan, Canadian author (died 1980)source
22 July – José María Lemus, politician (died 1993)El Salvador source
August 6 – Lucille Ball, American actress, television producer and co-owner of Desilu Productions (died 1989)source
August 12 – Cantinflas, comic film actor, producer, and screenwriter (died 1993)Mexico source
August 17 – Mikhail Botvinnik, Russian chess player, world champion (died 1995)source
September 7 – Todor Zhivkov, 36th Prime Minister of Bulgaria (died 1998)source
September 9 – Sir John Gorton, 19th Prime Minister of Australia (died 2002)source
September 15 - José Muguerza, footballer (died 1980)Spain source
October 28 – Rade Končar, communist leader and World War II resistance fighter (died 1942).Croatia source
December 18 – Jules Dassin, American director (died 2008)source

Deaths

January 17 – Sir Francis Galton, British explorer, biologist (born 1822)source
March 30 – Ellen Swallow Richards, American chemist (born 1842)source
April 9 - Manuel Aguirre de Tejada. (born 1827)Spain source
April 10 – Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis, Lithuanian artist and composer (born 1875)source
May 9 – Thomas Wentworth Higginson, American Unitarian minister and abolitionist (born 1823)source
May 18 – Gustav Mahler, Austrian composer (born 1860)source
May 23 – John Douglas, English architect (born 1830)source
May 29 – W. S. Gilbert, English dramatist (born 1836)source
July 16 – August Harambašić, writer, publisher and translator (born 1861).Croatia source
September 4 – John Francon Williams, Welsh-born journalist, writer, geographer, historian, cartographer and inventor (born 1854)source
September 18 – Pyotr Stolypin, third Prime Minister of the Russian Empire is assassinated in Kiev by Leftist revolutionary Dmitry Bogrov and is succeeded by Count Vladimir Kokovtsov.source
October 9 - Antonio Borrero, President 1875-1876Ecuador source
October 14 – John Marshall Harlan, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (born 1833)source
October 29 – Joseph Pulitzer, Hungarian-born newspaper publisher, journalist (born 1847)source
October 31 – John Joseph Montgomery, American glider pioneer (born 1858)source
October – Blanche Atkinson, British novelist (born 1847)source
November 11 – Otojirō Kawakami, actor and comedian (born 1864)Japan source
December 10 – Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker, English botanist (born 1817)source