1928 CE
The discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming revolutionizes medicine as the first true antibiotic; the Kellogg–Briand Pact sees major powers renounce war as national policy, reflecting interwar idealism; the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam mark the first women’s track and field events; the Huanggutun incident assassinates warlord Zhang Zuolin, aiding Nationalist consolidation in China; the 1928 Okeechobee hurricane kills thousands in Florida and the Caribbean; and Steamboat Willie debuts Mickey Mouse, launching a new era in animation and pop culture.
In the 1920s, the 20th century.
1928 at a glance
- World population
- about 2.03 billion Our World in Data
- U.S. president
- Calvin Coolidge Wikidata
- United Kingdom, head of government
- Stanley Baldwin Wikidata
- Canada, head of government
- William Lyon Mackenzie King Wikidata
- $1 in 1928
- $19.64 in September 2026 dollars BLS CPI-U
Geopolitics & Diplomacy
- January – Voters in El Salvador elected the National Democratic Party to all 42 seats in the country's legislature. No results were published.El Salvadorsource
- February 20 – The Japanese general election produces a hung parliament.source
- 20 February – The first Anglo-Tranjordanian treaty is concluded following which the Emirate of Transjordan becomes nominally independent, while Britain retains a degree of control over foreign affairs, armed forces, communications and state finances. The treaty fails to respond to Transjordanian demands for a fully sovereign and independent state.Mandatory Palestinesource
- 15 April – The formation of the Taiwanese Communist Party.Taiwansource
- May 7 – Passage of the Representation of the People Act in the United Kingdom lowers the voting age for women from 30 to 21, giving them equal suffrage with men from July 2.source
- August 2 – Italy and Ethiopia sign the Italo-Ethiopian Treaty.source
- August 27 – The Kellogg–Briand Pact is signed in Paris, the first treaty to outlaw aggressive war.source
- September 1 – Ahmet Zogu, President of the Albanian Republic, declares the country to be a constitutional monarchy, the Albanian Kingdom, with himself as King Zog I.source
- October 2 – Arvid Lindman returns as Prime Minister of Sweden, with his right-wing rival Ernst Trygger as Foreign Minister of Sweden.source
- October 7 – Haile Selassie is crowned king (not yet emperor) of Abyssinia.source
- October 8 – Chiang Kai-shek is named as Generalissimo (Chairman of the National Military Council) of the Nationalist Government of the Republic of China.source
- 28 October – In the 1928 Swiss federal election, the Social Democratic Party receives the most votes, but the Free Democratic Party remains the largest party in the National Council, winning 58 of the 198 seats.Switzerlandsource
- November 1 – Turkey passes a law switching the country from the Arabic to the Latin-based modern Turkish alphabet.source
- November 4 - 1928 Nicaraguan general electionNicaraguasource
- November 6 – 1928 United States presidential election: Republican Herbert Hoover wins by a wide margin, over Democratic New York Governor Al Smith.source
- November 17 – 1928 Australian federal election: Stanley Bruce's Nationalist/Country Coalition Government is re-elected with a decreased majority, defeating the Labor Party led by James Scullin.source
- 12 December – In the general election, the National Peasants' Party retains power.Romaniasource
- The Estonian Central Federation of Veterans of the War of Independence was formed.Estoniasource
- Ruling party – Republican People's Party (CHP)Turkeysource
Conflict & Security
- January 1 – Eastern Bloc emigration and defection: Boris Bazhanov, Joseph Stalin's personal secretary, crosses the border to Iran to defect from the Soviet Union.source
- January 1 - Battle of Las Cruces (1928)Nicaraguasource
- January 17 – The OGPU arrests Leon Trotsky in Moscow; he assumes a status of passive resistance and is exiled with his family.source
- March 26 – The South Saskatchewan Junior Hockey League's Regina Pats win their second Memorial Cup by defeating the Ottawa City Junior Hockey League's Ottawa Gunners 2 game to 1. The deciding Game 3 was played Arenas Garden in TorontoCanadasource
- April 12 – A bomb attack against Italian Fascist leader Benito Mussolini in Milan kills 17 bystanders.source
- May 3 – Jinan incident: An armed conflict between the Imperial Japanese Army (allied with Northern Chinese warlords) and the Kuomintang's southern army occurs in Jinan, China.source
- 3 May – Jinan Incident, an armed conflict between the Japanese Imperial Army allied with Northern Chinese warlords against the Kuomintang's southern army, occurs in Jinan.Chinasource
- May 3 – Jinan Incident: an armed conflict between the Japanese Imperial Army allied with Northern Chinese warlords against the Kuomintang's southern army, occurs in Jinan, eastern China.Japansource
- May 23 – A bomb attack against the Italian consulate in Buenos Aires, Argentina, kills 22 and injures 43.source
- June 8 – By seizing Beijing and renaming it Běipíng, the National Revolutionary Army puts an end to the 'Fengtian warlords' Beiyang government there.source
- June 20 – Puniša Račić kills three opposition representatives in the Yugoslavian Parliament, and injures three others, in a gun attack.source
- July 17 – José de León Toral assassinates Álvaro Obregón, president-elect of Mexico.source
- July 17: Cristero War: José de León Toral, a Roman Catholic who supported the Cristeros, assassinates Álvaro Obregón.Mexicosource
- July 25 – The United States recalls its troops from China.source
- 23 September – The Western Wall incident occurs at the Western Wall in Jerusalem, leading to Muslim fears of Jewish intentions to take possession of the Al Aqsa Mosque and triggering intercommunal violence that later spreads across Mandatory Palestine.Mandatory Palestinesource
- November 14 – the Afghan Civil War begins as rebels besiege Jalalabad.source
- December 6 – The government of Colombia sends military forces to suppress a month-long strike by United Fruit Company workers, resulting in an unknown number of deaths.source
- Victoria wins the Sheffield ShieldAustraliasource
- Ranfurly Shield. The season started with Canterbury holding the shield, and they defended it against South Canterbury (29-9) before losing it to Wairarapa (7-8). Wairarapa held the shield for the remainder of the season, beating Bush (57-11), Marlborough (26-8), Wellington (9-3) and Manawhenua (31-10).New Zealandsource
Exploration & Expansion
- 22 February – Bert Hinkler arrives in Darwin, Northern Territory after flying solo from London on 7 February, and then, later, he arrives in his hometown of Bundaberg on 27 February.Australiasource
- February – the Simon Commission lands in IndiaIndiasource
- March 24 – Excavation work begins after the old Canaanite city of Ugarit is accidentally rediscovered.source
- 1 May – Cape – George to Knysna, 42 mi 7 ch.South Africasource
- May 7 – The St. Roch is launched. It would become the first ship to sail the Northwest Passage from west to east and to circumnavigate North America.Canadasource
- June 9 – Australian aviator Charles Kingsford Smith and his crew complete the first flight across the Pacific Ocean, from the mainland United States to Australia, in the Fokker F.VII aircraft Southern Cross. Having left Oakland, California on May 31, they reach Brisbane via Honolulu and Fiji.source
- June 17 – Aviator Amelia Earhart starts her attempt to become the first woman to successfully cross the Atlantic Ocean. Wilmer Stultz is the pilot.United Statessource
- June 24 – A Swedish aeroplane rescues some survivors of the Italian North Pole expedition, including Umberto Nobile. The Soviet icebreaker Krasin saves the rest July 12.source
- 28 June – The keel of the first 1000 ft (300 m)-long ocean liner, Oceanic, for the White Star Line, is laid by Harland and Wolff in Belfast; construction is delayed, and will be cancelled in 1929.Northern Irelandsource
- June – Roald Amundsen, polar explorer, led the first Antarctic expedition to reach the South Pole (born 1872)Norwaysource
- Unknown – The first Romanian Girl Guide groups are formed. There are none left after ten years.Romaniasource
Religion & Belief
- 18 January – Nordahl Rolfsen, writer, educationalist and teacher, journalist, translator and speaker (born 1848)Norwaysource
- March 15 – Chinese warlord Shi Yousan sets fire to the Shaolin Monastery in Henan, destroying some of its ancient structures and artifacts.source
- March 22 – The Muslim Brotherhood is founded in Egypt by Islamic scholar and schoolteacher Hassan al-Banna.source
- 10 April – State declared secular. ( see Secularism in Turkey)Turkeysource
- May 31 – The Legislative Council of Nova Scotia is abolishedCanadasource
- June 29 – At the 1928 Democratic National Convention in Houston, Governor of New York Al Smith becomes the first Catholic nominated by a major political party for President of the United States.source
- October 2 – Josemaría Escrivá founds Opus Dei.source
- December 4 – Cosmo Gordon Lang is enthroned as the Archbishop of Canterbury, the first bachelor to be appointed in 150 years.source
- 4 December – The founding of the kibbutz Beit HaShita by members of "Kvuzat HaHugim" and members of "Tnuat HaMahanot HaOlim" from Haifa and Jerusalem.Mandatory Palestinesource
- Oswald de Andrade - Manifesto AntropófagoBrazilsource
- Reconstruction of Paisley Abbey completed.Scotlandsource
- The Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America ratifies a new revision of the Book of Common Prayer.United Statessource
- The community of Benedictine monks leaves Caldey Island for Prinknash Abbey. They are replaced at Caldey by a Cistercian order in 1929.Walessource
Economy & Finance
- 4 July – Financier Alfred Loewenstein vanishes on a Croydon Airport to Brussels.Belgiumsource
- October 1 – Joseph Stalin launches the first five-year plan (1928–1932); the average nonfarm wage falls by 50% in the Soviet Union.source
- 8 November – Odd Langholm, economist and historian of economic thoughtNorwaysource
- 22 November – Following passage of the Currency and Banknotes Act on 2 July, the Bank of England resumes responsibility for issue of banknotes from HM Treasury and issues pound and (for the first time) ten shilling notes, the first to be printed in colour and on both sides.United Kingdomsource
- 10 December – Surname law (up to 1928 people had no surnames and instead of surnames their place of birth was in use)Turkeysource
- 12 December – the first Irish coinage is circulated in the state making complete the introduction of banknotes and coinage of the Irish Free State.Irelandsource
- Undated – Kherwadi Social Welfare Association is founded.Indiasource
- Increase since previous 31 December 1927: 17,000 (1.17%).New Zealandsource
- Date Unknown – Vías, as predecessor of construction brand in Europe and world, ACE Group was founded.Spainsource
Technology & Infrastructure
- 3 February – First hutbe in TurkishTurkeysource
- February 8 – Scottish-born inventor John Logie Baird broadcasts a transatlantic television signal from London to Hartsdale, New York.source
- February 25 – Charles Jenkins Laboratories of Washington, D.C., becomes the first holder of a television license from the Federal Radio Commission.source
- February – The Ford River Rouge Complex at Dearborn, Michigan, an automobile plant begun in 1917, is completed as the world's largest integrated factory.source
- 12 March – The opening of Qiding railway station.Taiwansource
- April 12 – 14 – The first east–west transatlantic flight by aeroplane takes place from Dublin, Ireland, to Greenly Island, Canada, using the German Junkers W 33 Bremen.source
- May 10 – The first regular schedule of television programming begins in Schenectady, New York, by General Electric's television station W2XB (the station is popularly known as WGY Television, after its sister radio station WGY).source
- May 30 – Rookie driver Louis Meyer wins his first Indianapolis 500 (he will win that race again, in 1933 and 1936).source
- 1 June - Driving on the right side introduced in Portugal (5 o'clock in the morning)Portugalsource
- June 28 – The keel of the first 1,000 ft (300 m)-long ocean liner, Oceanic, for the British White Star Line, is laid by Harland and Wolff in Belfast; construction is delayed, and cancelled on 23 July 1929.source
- June 28 – The International Railway (New York–Ontario) switches to one-man crews for its trolleys in Canada.source
- July 2 – Charles Jenkins Laboratories' W3XK station begins broadcasting on 6.42 MHz, using 48 lines.source
- July 3 – Scottish inventor John Logie Baird demonstrates the world's first colour television transmission in Glasgow.source
- July 7 – The first machine-sliced and machine-wrapped loaf of bread is sold in Chillicothe, Missouri, United States, using Otto Frederick Rohwedder's technology.source
- 10 August - The ETA – Empresa de Transporte Aéreo airline is founded; it remains in operation for only a year.Brazilsource
- August 22 – Al Smith accepts the Democratic nomination for the US presidential election, with WGY/W2XB simulcasting the event on radio and television.source
- September 3 – Philo Farnsworth demonstrates to the press in San Francisco the world's first working all-electronic television system, employing electronic scanning in both the pickup and display devices.source
- September 11 – The first broadcast of a play by television, melodrama The Queen's Messenger, on General Electric's W2XAD from Schenectady, New York, utilising techniques created by Ernst Alexanderson. WMAK (Kenmore) begins broadcasting in Buffalo, New York.source
- September 25 – Paul and Joseph Galvin incorporate the Galvin Manufacturing Corporation (later known as Motorola and Freescale).source
- October 1 – The first five-year plan is implemented.Soviet Unionsource
- 1 November – The Romanian Radio Broadcasting Company broadcasts for the first time.Romaniasource
- November 17 – Boston Garden opens in Boston, Massachusetts.source
- December 21 – The United States Congress approves the construction of Boulder Dam, later renamed Hoover Dam.source
- The struggling Clogher Valley Railway is taken over by a committee of management appointed by Tyrone and Fermanagh County Councils.Northern Irelandsource
- Postal Telegraph and Telephone (Switzerland)Switzerlandsource
Science & Discovery
- January – British bacteriologist Frederick Griffith reports the results of Griffith's experiment, indirectly demonstrating that DNA is the genetic material.source
- March 21 – Charles Lindbergh is presented with the Medal of Honor for his first transatlantic flight.source
- March 21 – Charles Lindbergh is presented the Medal of Honor for his first trans-Atlantic flight.United Statessource
- 27 April – Amund B. Larsen, linguist (born 1849)Norwaysource
- 13 May – The 1928 Liège–Bastogne–Liège cycle race is won by Belgian rider Ernest Mottard.Belgiumsource
- May 15 – The animated short Plane Crazy is released by Disney Studios in Los Angeles, featuring the first appearances of Mickey and Minnie Mouse (in a non-distributed film).source
- June 17 – 18 – Aviator Amelia Earhart becomes the first woman to make a successful transatlantic flight, as a passenger in a Fokker F.VIIb/3m piloted by Wilmer Stultz, from Newfoundland to Wales.source
- 18 June – Amelia Earhart lands near Burry Port, becoming the first woman passenger on a Transatlantic flight.Walessource
- The Cecchetti Society of Southern Africa is formed with the aim of promoting the Methods of Enrico Cecchetti and introducing the Principles of the Cecchetti method to young ballet dancers in Southern Africa.South Africasource
- 1 December: Latin alphabet law takes effect.Turkeysource
- 20 December – Hubert Wilkins makes the first flight over Antarctica in his Lockheed Vega San FranciscoAustraliasource
- New Zealand Trotting Cup – Peter BingenNew Zealandsource
Health & Medicine
- 16 January – Bjarne Solberg, physician and politician (born 1877)Norwaysource
- 4 February – Romania enacts legislation to limit the trafficking and use of cannabis and narcotic drugs.Romaniasource
- June 14 – Students take over the medical wing of Rosario University in Argentina.source
- September 28 – Scottish-born microbiologist Alexander Fleming, at St Mary's Hospital, London, accidentally rediscovers the antibiotic which he will call Penicillin.source
- 28 September – Scottish-born microbiologist Alexander Fleming, at St Mary's Hospital, London, accidentally rediscovers the antibiotic which he will call Penicillin.United Kingdomsource
- October 12 – An iron lung respirator is used for the first time at Children's Hospital, Boston.source
- John Longstaff wins the Archibald Prize with his portrait of Dr Alexander LeeperAustraliasource
- 27–28 January – Bundaberg tragedy: 12 children die in Bundaberg, Queensland, after being inoculated with a diphtheria vaccine contaminated with the Staphylococcus aureus bacterium.Australiasource
- Irish becomes a compulsory subject for the Intermediate Certificate.Irelandsource
- Estimated population as of 31 December: 1,467,400.New Zealandsource
- Dr John Williams establishes a hospital at Durtlang in the Lushai Hills (Mizoram) of India.Walessource
Crime & Justice
- 21 January – Nikolai Astrup, painter (born 1880)Norwaysource
- March 15 incident: The Japanese government cracks down on socialists and communists, arresting over 1,000 people.source
- March 15 – March 15 incident: Alarmed by gains made by socialists and communists in the 1928 general election, the conservative government of Prime Minister Giichi Tanaka ordered the mass arrest of known communists and socialists and suspected communist and socialist sympathizers. The arrests occurred throughout Japan, and a total of 1652 people were apprehended.Japansource
- 18 May – The Shakhty Trial begins.Soviet Unionsource
- 8 July – Looting of the Eastern Mausoleum.Chinasource
- 29 July – Alfred Loewenstein's corpse washes ashore at Boulogne-sur-MerBelgiumsource
- August 16 – Serial killer Carl Panzram is arrested in Washington, D.C., for burglary. Later it will be discovered that he has committed multiple murders, rapes and other major crimes.source
- August 26 – In Scotland, May Donoghue finds the remains of a snail in her ginger beer, leading to the landmark negligence case Donoghue v Stevenson.source
- Arthur Streeton wins the Wynne Prize with his landscape Afternoon Light, Goulburn ValleyAustraliasource
- Men's fours champions – F. Kettle, V. Langley, D. Hutchison, W. Foster (skip) (Caledonian Bowling Club)New Zealandsource
- The first Schweizeische Ausstellung für Frauenarbeit (SAFFA, Swiss Exhibition for Women's Work) takes place in Bern.Switzerlandsource
Disasters & Accidents
- 12 February – An underground explosion at Haig Pit, Whitehaven, in the Cumberland Coalfield, kills thirteen miners undertaking clearance after an earlier fatal accident.United Kingdomsource
- 12 April – A bomb, directed against Italian Fascist leader Benito Mussolini, kills 18 people at the Milan Trade Fair.Italysource
- April 13 – The West Plains, Missouri Dance Hall explosion occurs.source
- May 23 – The Italian consulate in Buenos Aires, Argentina, is bombed. The explosion kills 22 people and injures 43.Argentinasource
- May 24 – The airship Italia crashes at the North Pole; one of the occupants is Italian general Umberto Nobile. A rescue expedition leaves for the Pole on May 30. Roald Amundsen will be among those who lose their lives in the search for survivors.source
- July 6 – The world's largest hailstone falls in Potter, Nebraska.United Statessource
- 14 July: The schooner Isabella de Fraine capsizes on the bar at the entrance to Hokianga harbour, with the loss of all eight crew.New Zealandsource
- August 25 – Canada's first major air disaster occurred when bad weather caused a BC Airways Ford Trimotor plane to crash in Puget Sound, WashingtonCanadasource
- 25 October – a passenger express runs into the rear of a derailed freight train near Dinwoodie railway station with 4 deaths.Scotlandsource
- November 12 – Liner SS Vestris develops a severe starboard list, is abandoned and sinks approximately 200 miles off Hampton Roads, Virginia; estimated deaths range from 110 to 127.source
- December 3 – In Rio de Janeiro, a seaplane sent to greet Alberto Santos-Dumont crashes, killing all on board. The pilot had tried to avoid another plane which came too close.source
- 3 December - Disaster of the Dornier J 'Santos Dumont'.Brazilsource
Climate & Environment
- January 26 – The volcanic island Anak Krakatau appears.source
- 31 March – Earthquake around Torbalı (west Anatolia)Turkeysource
- April 14 – An earthquake occurs in Chirpan, Bulgaria, followed four days later by another in Plovdiv. Between them, they destroy more than 21,000 buildings, and kill almost 130 people.source
- April 22 – An Ms 6.0 earthquake affects southern Greece with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent), leaving 20 dead, and destroying 3,000 homes in Corinth; a non-destructive tsunami is also observed.source
- April 28 – 28 inches of snow fall in southern-central Pennsylvania, United States.source
- September 12 – The Okeechobee hurricane hits Guadeloupe, killing 1,200 people.source
- September 16 – The Okeechobee hurricane kills at least 2,500 people in Florida.source
- September 16 – The 1928 Okeechobee Hurricane kills at least 2,500 people in Florida.United Statessource
- 1 December – 1928 Talca earthquakeChilesource
- 6–7 January – River Thames floods in London; 14 drown. On 7 January, the moat at the Tower of London (drained in 1843 and planted with grass) is completely refilled by the river.United Kingdomsource
- The Campaign for the Protection of Rural Wales is founded by Clough Williams-Ellis.Walessource
- Dorothy Edwards – Winter SonataWalessource
Culture & Society
- February 11 – 19 – The 1928 Winter Olympics are held in St. Moritz, Switzerland, the first as a separate event. Sonja Henie of Norway wins her first gold medal, in women's figure skating.source
- 7 April – Ballymena United F.C. are founded as Ballymena Football Club.Northern Irelandsource
- 16 April – The opening of National Taiwan University.Taiwansource
- April 19 – Publication of the original Oxford English Dictionary is completed after 70 years with issue of the last section ("wise – wyze") in Oxford.source
- May 31 – South Africa adopts a new national flag, based upon the Van Riebeeck flag or Prinsevlag (originally the Dutch flag), to replace the Red Ensign. It later became infamously known as the "apartheid flag" for being the flag of South Africa under Apartheid from 1948 to 1994.source
- June 9 – Ellis Park Stadium, a well-known sport venue of South Africa, officially opens in Johannesburg.source
- 26 June – An academic committee to research on the adoptation of Latin alphabet to Turkish languageTurkeysource
- July 28 – August 12 – The 1928 Summer Olympics are held in Amsterdam, opening with the lighting of the Olympic flame. Women's athletics and gymnastics debut at these games, and discus thrower Halina Konopacka of Poland becomes the first female Olympic gold medal winner for a track or field event. Coca-Cola enters Europe as sponsor of the games.source
- 29 July – The newspaper Proletarul (Proletarian) is founded.Romaniasource
- 5 August – Portugal won a bronze medal in men's fencing, team épée, at the Summer OlympicsPortugalsource
- August 29 – F.C. Motagua is founded as an Association football club in Honduras.source
- August – Margaret Mead's influential cultural anthropology text, Coming of Age in Samoa, is published in the U.S.source
- October 22 – The Phi Sigma Alpha fraternity is founded at the University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus.source
- October 25 – The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (ICRM) is formally established, with the adoption of the "Statutes of the International Red Cross"source
- October 28 – The Second Youth Congress is held in Batavia, Dutch East Indies by young Indonesian nationalists, resulting in the Youth Pledge. The Indonesian national anthem, "Indonesia Raya", is introduced at the congress.source
- October – The women's organisation Gruaja Shiqiptare is founded in Albania, with Princess Senije as its chair.source
- November 9 – 16 – Radclyffe Hall's novel The Well of Loneliness (published on 27 July by Jonathan Cape in London, England) is tried and convicted on the grounds of obscenity due to its theme of lesbian love, following a newspaper campaign.source
- November 10 – The enthronement ceremony of Emperor of Japan Hirohito is held, two years after he actually took the imperial throne on December 26, 1926, following the death of Emperor Taishō.source
- November 18 – Mickey Mouse makes his official debut in Steamboat Willie.source
- November 22 – The one-movement ballet Boléro (music by Maurice Ravel, choreography by Bronislava Nijinska) premières at the Paris Opéra, to a commission by Ida Rubinstein.source
- November 28 – Persija Jakarta Association football club is founded as Voetbalbond Indonesische Jacatra.source
- The women's organisation Anjuman-i Himayat-i-Niswan is founded in Afghanistan.source
- C.D. Tehuacan, a Salvadoran football club, was established.El Salvadorsource
- Mexico at the 1928 Summer OlympicsMexicosource
- 11–19 February – The Winter Olympics take place in St. Moritz.Switzerlandsource
Births
- January 5 – Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, President of Pakistan and Prime Minister of Pakistan (died 1979)source
- February 26 – Ariel Sharon, 11th Prime Minister of Israel (died 2014)source
- March 20 – Fred Rogers, American children's television host (died 2003)source
- March 25 – Jim Lovell, American astronaut (died 2025)source
- 5 April – Maja Hug, figure skater (died 2023)Switzerlandsource
- 7 April – James White, science fiction novelist (died 1999).Northern Irelandsource
- 25 April – Yury Yakovlev, actorSoviet Unionsource
- May 4 – Hosni Mubarak, 4th President of Egypt (died 2020)source
- June 4 – Ruth Westheimer (Dr. Ruth), German-American sex therapist, film and television personality, and author (died 2024)source
- June 14 – Che Guevara, Argentine-born Cuban revolutionary (or May 14; d. 1967)source
- July 26 – Stanley Kubrick, American film director (2001: A Space Odyssey) (died 1999)source
- August 6 – Andy Warhol, American artist (died 1987)source
- August 7 – James Randi, Canadian stage magician and scientific skeptic (died 2020)source
- 16 August – Ara Güler, photographer (died 2018)Turkeysource
- August 22 – Karlheinz Stockhausen, German composer (died 2007)source
- August 27 – Mangosuthu Buthelezi, South African leader of the Inkatha Freedom Party (died 2023)source
- November 10 – Ennio Morricone, Italian composer (died 2020)source
- December 7 – Noam Chomsky, American linguistsource
Deaths
- January 11 – Thomas Hardy, British writer (born 1840)source
- January 29 – Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig, British field marshal (born 1861)source
- February 15 – H. H. Asquith, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (born 1852)source
- February 26 – Juan Vázquez de Mella, Spanish scholar, politician (born 1861)source
- 31 March – Gustave Ador, politician (born 1845)Switzerlandsource
- 7 April – Alexander Bogdanov, Bolshevik (born 1873)Soviet Unionsource
- April 10 – Pineapple Primary: The United States Republican Party primary elections in Chicago are preceded by violence, bombings and assassination attempts (two politicians are killed, Octavius C. Granady and Giuseppe Esposito).source
- May 21 – Hideyo Noguchi, Japanese bacteriologist (born 1876)source
- June 4 – Huanggutun incident: Zhang Zuolin, a warlord, is killed by Japanese agents in China.source
- June 14 – Emmeline Pankhurst, British women's suffrage campaigner (born 1858)source
- June 18 – Roald Amundsen, Norwegian polar explorer (aviation accident) (born 1872)source
- July 17 – Giovanni Giolitti, Italian politician, 13th Prime Minister of Italy (born 1842)source
- July 17 – Álvaro Obregón, Mexican military officer, 39th President of Mexico (assassinated) (born 1880)source
- August 12 – Leoš Janáček, Czech composer (born 1854)source
- September (unknown date) – Ioan Culcer, Romanian general and politician (born 1853)source
- October 13 – Dagmar of Denmark, later Maria Fyodorovna, wife of Tsar Alexander III and Empress Consort of Russia (born 1847)source
- 19 November – Edward O'Neill, 2nd Baron O'Neill, politician (born 1839)Northern Irelandsource
- 27 December – Shulamit Aloni, Israeli politician and left-wing activist (died 2014).Mandatory Palestinesource