Culture & Society in the 19th century

1,923 sourced entries, 1800 CE to 1899 CE, oldest first. Also see Culture & Society across every century or everything else in the 19th century.

1800April 2 – Ludwig van Beethoven's Symphony No. 1 premieres at the Burgtheater, in Vienna.source
18002 April – Ludwig van Beethoven's Symphony No. 1 premieres at the Burgtheater, in Vienna.Germany source
1800April 24 – The U.S. Library of Congress is founded in Washington, D.C.source
1800April 24 – The U.S. Library of Congress is founded.United States source
180014 June – Friedrich Schiller's historical drama Mary Stuart has its première in Weimar.Scotland source
1800July 10 – Fort William College is established by Lord Wellesley, British Governor-General of India, in Calcutta, to promote Bengali, Hindi and other vernaculars of the Indian subcontinent.source
1800November 1 – Middlebury College is granted its charter by the Vermont General Assembly.source
1800December – Queen Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz introduces a Christmas tree at a party for children at Windsor.United Kingdom source
1800The first Icelandic cookbook, A Simple Cooking Pocket for Older Manna Housewives, was published.Iceland source
1800The first theatre building in Norway; Komediehuset på Engen was built.Norway source
1800Chevalier Guard Regiment foundedRussia source
1800Edward Charles becomes official "bard" of the Gwyneddigion Society.Wales source
18011 January – First one-inch-to-the-mile (1:63,360 scale) map based on the work of the Ordnance Survey is published, covering the county of Kent.United Kingdom source
1801April 21 – Ranjit Singh is invested as Maharaja of Punjab.source
180110 August: With the Althing being disbanded by royal decree in the year prior, a new High Court in Reykjavík took over the functions of Lögrétta. The three appointed judges convened in Hólavallarskóli.Iceland source
1801December 19 – South Carolina College, a precursor to The University of South Carolina, is established in Columbia, South Carolina.source
1801The magnum opus Disquisitiones Arithmeticae of Carl Friedrich Gauss is published.source
1801Exercise is for the first time introduced in the curriculum of a state school in Denmark.Denmark source
1801Det Dramatiske Selskab in Drammen was founded.Norway source
1801Free Society of Lovers of Literature, Science, and the Arts foundedRussia source
1801First complete Bible translation into Scottish Gaelic, Am Bìoball Gàidhlig, is published.Scotland source
1801Foundation of the Djurgårdsteatern in Stockholm, the only theater except the Royal Dramatic Theater allowed to function in the capital during the 1798–1842 royal theater monopoly.Sweden source
1801Azariah Shadrach - Allwedd MyfyrdodWales source
1802January 15 – Canonsburg Academy (modern-day Washington & Jefferson College) is chartered by the Pennsylvania General Assembly.source
180229 January – Greenock Burns Club holds the first Burns dinner, in Alloway.Scotland source
1802March 3 – Ludwig van Beethoven publishes his Piano Sonata No. 14, commonly known as the "Moonlight Sonata" (Mondschein), in Vienna; the availability of the sheet music is announced by Giovanni Cappi in the newspaper Wiener Zeitung.source
18023 March – Ludwig van Beethoven publishes his Piano Sonata No. 14, commonly known as the "Moonlight Sonata" (Mondschein), in Vienna; the availability of the sheet music is announced by Giovanni Cappi in the newspaper Wiener Zeitung.Germany source
1802March 11 – The Rosetta Stone is presented to the Society of Antiquaries of London, which in turn presents it to the British Museum.source
1802March 16 – Congress authorizes the establishment of the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York.United States source
1802May 19 – Napoleon establishes the French Legion of Honour (Légion d'honneur).source
1802June 1 – At Huế, shortly before his conquest of Tonkin, Nguyen Anh is crowned as the Emperor Gia Long, the first ruler of the Nguyễn dynasty in Vietnam.source
1802June – The first account of Thomas Wedgwood's experiments in photography is published by Humphry Davy in the Journal of the Royal Institution in London. Since a fixative for the image has not yet been developed, the early photographs quickly fade.source
18029 October – The first book printed in Australia, an abridged version of the New South Wales General Standing Orders, is published under supervision by the government printer, George Howe.Australia source
1802Saint Mary's University is founded at Halifax.Canada source
1802Det Dramatiske Selskab in Trondheim was founded.Norway source
1802Imperial Philanthropic SocietyRussia source
1802Sir Robert Williames Vaughan marries Anna Maria Mostyn, daughter of Sir Roger Mostyn, 5th Baronet.Wales source
1803January 1 – The first edition of Alexandre Balthazar Laurent Grimod de La Reynière's Almanach des gourmands, the first guide to restaurant cooking, is published in Paris.source
180330 January – Napoleon authorizes the celebration of a Joan of Arc feast in Orléans on 8 May.France source
1803April 5 — Ludwig van Beethoven puts on a big Akademie concert at the Theater an der Wien, in Vienna consisting of the premieres of his second symphony, third piano concerto, and his oratorio Christ on the Mount of Olives.source
180326 June - First public assembly of the South Wales Unitarian Association.Wales source
180311 August – child actor Master Betty makes his debut in Belfast, followed on 28 November by Dublin.Ireland source
1803Thomas Jefferson completes Louisiana Purchase extending U.S. control west of the Mississippi River; federal plans to resettle Eastern tribes beyond the Mississippi soon begin.Canada source
1803Bertel Thorvaldsen completes his statue of Jason with the Golden Fleece, his first major success.Denmark source
1803Demidov Lyceum founded in Jaroslavl.Russia source
1803Jane Porter's historical novel Thaddeus of Warsaw is published, immediately going through several editions.United Kingdom source
1803Joseph Lancaster publishes Improvements in Education as it Respects the Industrious Classes.United Kingdom source
1804February 18 – Ohio University is chartered by the Ohio General Assembly.source
1804March 7 – John Wedgwood founds the Royal Horticultural Society.source
18047 March – John Wedgwood founds the Royal Horticultural Society as the Horticultural Society of London. Another founding member, William Forsyth, dies on 25 July.United Kingdom source
1804March 10 – Louisiana Purchase, Three Flags Day: In St. Louis, a formal ceremony is conducted to transfer ownership of Louisiana Territory from France to the United States.source
1804March 10 – Last formalities of the Louisiana Purchase; in St. Louis, a ceremony is conducted to transfer ownership from France to the United States.United States source
1804March 17 – Friedrich Schiller's play Wilhelm Tell is first performed at Weimar, under the direction of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe.source
180417 March – Friedrich Schiller's play Wilhelm Tell, is first performed at Weimar, under the direction of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe.Germany source
1804June 9 – Beethoven's Symphony No. 3 in E–flat is premiered in Vienna.source
18049 June – Beethoven's Symphony No. 3 in E–flat premiered in Vienna.Germany source
1804October 8 – Jean-Jacques Dessalines holds his coronation as Jean-Jacques I, Emperor of Haiti.source
18042 December – Coronation of Napoleon IFrance source
1804Imperial Kazan University establishedRussia source
1804John Galt's poem The Battle of Largs is published anonymously, the author's first published work.Scotland source
1804David Wilkie paints Pitlessie Fair and William Chalmers-Bethune, his wife Isabella Morison and their Daughter Isabella.Scotland source
1805April 7 – Beethoven's Symphony No. 3, Eroica, has its public premiere at the Theater an der Wien in Vienna under his baton.source
18057 April – Beethoven's Symphony No. 3, Eroica, has its public premiere at the Theater an der Wien in Vienna under his baton.Germany source
1805June 4 – The first Trooping the Colour ceremony is held at the Horse Guards Parade in London.source
180525 August – A. C. Gamél us founded when Augustin Cyrille Gamél opens a delicacy shop on Østergade in Copenhagen.Denmark source
1805November 20 – Beethoven's only opera Fidelio, in its original form (known retrospectively as Leonore), is premiered at the Theater an der Wien in Vienna, which at this time is under French military occupation.source
1805The Bessastaðaskóli is founded.Iceland source
1805Kharkov National Medical University foundedRussia source
1805Walter Scott's narrative poem The Lay of the Last Minstrel is published.Scotland source
1805Johan Olof Wallin awarded the big price of the Swedish Academy.Sweden source
1805Boston Gleaning Circle, a female literary organization, is established.United States source
1805Edward Jones (Bardd y Brenin) takes up residence in St James's Palace.Wales source
1806March 28 – Washington College (modern-day Washington & Jefferson College) is chartered by the Pennsylvania General Assembly.source
1806April 8 – Stéphanie de Beauharnais, adopted daughter of Emperor Napoleon I, marries Prince Karl Ludwig Friedrich of Baden.source
180627 April – The Ferret arrives in London with Te Mahanga (Moehanga) aboard. He is the first Māori known to have visited England. In London he is rejoined by John Savage who left the ship at Cork. While in London Te Mahanga meets King George III and Queen Charlotte.New Zealand source
18066 May - The first Welsh language version of the New Testament issued by the British and Foreign Bible Society is published.Wales source
180621 June – The wedding of Prince Christian (VIII) and Duchess Charlotte Frederica of Mecklenburg-Schwerin takes place at Ludwigslust.Denmark source
18067 July – Start of the first Gentlemen v Players cricket match (discontinued in 1963).United Kingdom source
1806December 23 – Ludwig van Beethoven premieres his violin concerto at the Theater an der Wien.source
1806Le Canadien, a Quebec nationalist newspaper, is founded.Canada source
1806St Petersburg College for the Deaf foundedRussia source
1806New building of Rosneath House to an 1803 Romanesque Revival design by Joseph Bonomi the Elder is finished.Scotland source
1806Parson Weems publishes a 2nd edition of his The Life of George Washington, with curious anecdotes laudable to himself and exemplary to his countrymen, first including the story of the young Washington and the cherry-tree.United States source
1807April 14 – African Institution holds its first meeting in London; it is intended to improve social conditions in Sierra Leone.source
18076 May – Mozart's Don Juan is performed in Copenhagen for the first time, with Édouard Du Puy in the title role.Denmark source
180722 May - Du Pré Alexander, 2nd Earl of Caledon, is appointed Governor of the Cape.South Africa source
1807May 31 – Primitive Methodism originates in an All Day of Prayer at Mow Cop, in the north midlands of England.source
180731 May – Primitive Methodism originates in an All Day of Prayer at Mow Cop in north Staffordshire.United Kingdom source
1807September 13 – Beethoven's Mass in C major, Op. 86, is premiered, commissioned by Nikolaus I, Prince Esterházy, and displeasing him.source
180729 September – The world's oldest international football stadium, the Racecourse Ground, opens in Wrexham for horse racing; it will not host football games until 1872.Wales source
1807October 9 – Prussian Reform Movement: Serfdom is abolished by the October edict.source
18079 October – Prussian Reform Movement: Serfdom is abolished by the October edict.Germany source
180721 October – foundation stone of the Nelson Monument, Edinburgh, on Calton Hill, is laid.Scotland source
1807November 13 – The Geological Society of London is founded.source
1807Horse racing was introduced to Quebec, following the arrival of Sir James Craig. The first race took place in July 1807.Canada source
1807The oldest monument in Norway; Olavsstøtta is erected.Norway source
18085 January - The first issue of The North Wales Gazette is printed at Bangor.Wales source
180822 January – The Bragança Portuguese Royal Family arrives in Brazil, having fled the French army.France source
180828 January – The first issue of the newspaper Tiden was published in Christiania (now Oslo).Norway source
1808March 2 – The inaugural meeting of the Wernerian Natural History Society, a Scottish learned society, is held in Edinburgh (preliminary meeting January 12).source
18082 March – inaugural meeting of the Wernerian Natural History Society is held in Edinburgh under the presidency of Prof. Robert Jameson.Scotland source
18082 March – Inaugural meeting of the Wernerian Natural History Society, a Scottish learned society, held in Edinburgh.United Kingdom source
180813 March: Frederick VI becomes King, following the death of his father Christian VII.Iceland source
1808September 27 - October 14: Congress of ErfurtRussia source
1808December 22 – Beethoven concert of 22 December 1808: Ludwig van Beethoven conducts and plays piano in a marathon benefit concert, at the Theater an der Wien in Vienna, consisting entirely of first public performances of works by him, including Symphony No. 5, Symphony No. 6, Piano Concerto No. 4 and Choral Fantasy.source
180822 December – Beethoven concert of 22 December 1808: Ludwig van Beethoven conducts and plays piano in a marathon benefit concert, at the Theater an der Wien in Vienna, consisting entirely of first public performances of works by him, including Symphony No. 5, Symphony No. 6, Piano Concerto No. 4 and Choral Fantasy.Germany source
1808Goethe's Faust, Part One (Faust. Eine Tragödie, erster Teil) is published in full in Tübingen.source
1808Prussian philosopher Johann Gottlieb Fichte publishes his Addresses to the German Nation, having delivered them over the winter at the Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin before crowded audiences.source
1808The Academy of Fine Arts, Munich is given the title of Royal Academy of Fine Arts by King Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria.source
1809February 17 – Miami University (Ohio) is established (by Act of February 2) on the township of land required to be set aside for it, under the conditions of the Miami Purchase in 1794.source
1809April 18 – The 2,000 Guineas Stakes horse race is first run in England.source
18095 June - The former king's uncle Charles XIII of Sweden is placed upon the throne after having accepted a new constitution.Sweden source
180925 July – Christian August of Augustenborg is appointed Steward of Norway.Norway source
1809September 18 – A new theatre for the Royal Opera House opens in London to replace the first, burnt down in a fire in 1808. The price increases lead to the Old Price Riots, which last for 64 days.source
1809October 25 – The Golden Jubilee of George III is celebrated in commemoration of the forty-ninth anniversary of the accession of King George III and his entrance into the 50th year of his reign.source
18099 December – the Dumfries Courier is established as a weekly newspaper in Annan by Rev. Dr. Henry Duncan as The Dumfries and Galloway Courier.Scotland source
1809Jean-Baptiste Lamarck publishes Philosophie Zoologique, outlining a (wrong) concept of evolution, by acquisition or loss of inherited characteristics, through use or disuse.source
1809On August 17, the foundation of Nelson's Column, Montreal was laid.Canada source
1809Christoph Ernst Friedrich Weyse, since 1805 organist at Church of Our Lady, has his debut at the Royal Danish Theatre with the singspiel Sovedrikken, and from then on his romances become an important part of the Danish music scene.Denmark source
1809Corps Hannovera Göttingen establishedGermany source
1809St. Petersburg State Transport University foundedRussia source
1809David Hughes, Principal of Jesus College, Oxford, donates £105 towards scholarships to give South Wales the same level of support as North Wales.Wales source
18101 January – Lachlan Macquarie sworn in as governor of New South Wales.Australia source
18107 January - The newly elected heir to the throne, Charles August, arrives in Sweden.Sweden source
181011 January - Prince Frederik of Hesse is appointed Steward of Norway.Norway source
1810January 12 – The marriage of Napoleon I and Joséphine is annulled.source
18103 March - Launch of the Carmarthen Journal, the oldest surviving newspaper in Wales.Wales source
1810March 11 – Napoleon I marries Marie-Louise of Austria by proxy in Vienna.source
1810April 2 – Emperor Napoleon I of France marries Marie-Louise of Austria in person in Paris.source
1810April 27 – Beethoven composes his famous piano piece, Für Elise.source
1810May 16 – Johann Wolfgang von Goethe publishes his book Zur Farbenlehre (Theory of Colours).source
1810May 18–25 – May Revolution: Armed citizens of Buenos Aires expel the Viceroy and establish a provincial government for Argentina (the Primera Junta). Baltasar Hidalgo de Cisneros is removed.source
1810June 4 – The Society in Dedham for Apprehending Horse Thieves is founded in Dedham, Massachusetts.United States source
1810August 21 – Jean Baptiste Bernadotte, Marshal of France, is elected Crown Prince of Sweden, by the Swedish Riksdag of the Estates.source
1810October 12 – First Oktoberfest: Bavarian royalty invites the citizens of Munich to join the celebration of the marriage of Crown Prince Ludwig of Bavaria, to Princess Therese of Saxe-Hildburghausen.source
181012 October – First Oktoberfest: Bavarian royalty invites the citizens of Munich to join the celebration of the marriage of Crown Prince Ludwig of Bavaria, to Princess Therese of Saxe-Hildburghausen.Germany source
1810Jane Porter's historical novel about William Wallace, The Scottish Chiefs, is published.Scotland source
1810General Union of Spinners organises strike action to raise wages in the smaller cotton centres to the Manchester level.United Kingdom source
18119 January – the first women's golf tournament in Scotland takes place at the links of the Musselburgh Golf Club.Scotland source
181123 April – The Earl of Caledon proclaims George as a new magisterial district, named in honour of the reigning British monarch, King George III.South Africa source
181129 May - The Society for the Welfare of Oslo is founded.Norway source
1811June 19 – The Carlton House Fête is held at the Prince Regent's London residence Carlton House to celebrate the establishment of the Regency era.source
181119 June – The Carlton House Fête is held at Carlton House in London. A costly and extravagant event it celebrated the beginning of the Regency era.United Kingdom source
1811July 14 – Italian scientist Amedeo Avogadro publishes his memoir about the molecular content of gases.source
1811August 3 – Jungfrau, the third highest summit in the Bernese Alps, is first ascended.source
1811September – Nathan of Breslov leads the first annual Rosh Hashana kibbutz (pilgrimage) of Breslov Hasidim, to the grave of Rabbi Nachman of Breslov in Uman, Ukraine.source
1811The first novel by Jane Austen, Sense and Sensibility, was published.source
1811Forstbotanischer Garten Tharandt establishedGermany source
1811Rasmus Rask publishes his first book, Introduction to the Icelandic or Old Norse Language, which he published in Danish.Iceland source
1811Kildare Place Society (formally, The Society for Promoting the Education of the Poor in Ireland) founded as a non-denominational organisation by a group of Dublin philanthropists.Ireland source
1811Mikhail Speransky implements more reforms in the Russian government.Russia source
1812February 13 – The first Chilean newspaper Aurora de Chile deals with political philosophy, and stands in favor of the new national government.source
181220 February – Weber and his friend, clarinettist Heinrich Baermann, stay overnight in Berlin with the family of Baermann's former teacher Joseph Beer (father of Giacomo Meyerbeer).Germany source
18126 March – Two Wesleyan Methodist classes were established in Sydney by Thomas Bowden and John Hosking—the beginning of Methodism in Australia.Australia source
1812March 29 - Mikhail Speransky is dismissed from his office of State secretary due to his unpopular reform policies.Russia source
1812May 8 – Hail to the Chief is published.United States source
181230 May - The Magic Flute by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart on the Royal Swedish Opera in Stockholm.Sweden source
181212 July (The Twelfth) – first Protestant Orange march in Scotland held in Glasgow, attracting hostile Catholic crowds.Scotland source
181217 September - The celebration of the completion of the embankment, later known as the 'Cob' in PorthmadogWales source
1812December 18 – The first Spanish Christmas Lottery is drawn, in Cádiz; it will be continuing more than two centuries later. The first Lotería Nacional was drawn on March 4.source
1812December 20 – The first volume of Grimms' Fairy Tales is published in Germany.source
1812Grøndahl & Søn Forlag publishing house, was established.Norway source
1813January 24 – The Philharmonic Society (later the Royal Philharmonic Society) is founded in London.source
1813January 28 – Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice is published anonymously in London.source
1813March 30 – Engagement at Lacolle.Canada source
18131 May - Christian Frederick is appointed Steward of Norway.Norway source
1813July 13 – Missionaries Adoniram Judson and his wife, Ann Hasseltine Judson, arrive in Burma.source
181310 August - The Instituto Nacional General José Miguel Carrera, Chile's oldest school, is established.Chile source
1813September 4 – The name of Germany's national card game, "Scat" (modern-day Skat), appears for the first time, in the gaming records of Hans Carl Leopold von der Gabelentz.source
1813October 2 – The Philomathean Society of the University of Pennsylvania is founded (the oldest continuously existing literary society in the United States).source
18132 November - Richard Parry Price, heir to the Puleston estates, is created a baronet.Wales source
1813Mathieu Orfila publishes his groundbreaking Traité des poisons, formalizing the field of toxicology.source
1813Russky Invalid, a long-running military newspaper, founded in Saint PetersburgRussia source
1813James Hogg's poem The Queen's Wake is published.Scotland source
1813Cape Town Free School founded for needy white children.South Africa source
18141 January - The first weekly newspaper in Welsh is published, when Seren Gomer is founded by Joseph Harris (Gomer), a Baptist minister in Swansea.Wales source
181426 January – Actor Edmund Kean makes his London debut in an adult leading role as Shylock at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane.United Kingdom source
1814February 1 – Lord Byron's semi-autobiographical tale in verse The Corsair is published by John Murray in London, and sells 10,000 copies on this day.source
181416 February – The meeting of notables took place at Eidsvoll verk.Norway source
181412 March - Louis-Antoine, Duke of Angoulême enters Bordeaux, marking the restoration of the Bourbon dynasty.France source
1814April 6 – Napoleonic Wars – Bourbon Restoration: Louis XVIII is invited to occupy the restored French throne.source
1814May 3 – The Duke of Provence, the future Louis XVIII, returns to Paris.source
181427 May – Harriet Smithson makes her stage debut at the Crow Street Theatre, Dublin, as Albina Mandeville in Frederick Reynolds's The Will.Ireland source
1814June 12 – The poem "She Walks in Beauty" is written by Lord Byron.source
1814July 7 – Walter Scott's Waverley, his first prose fiction and one of the first significant historical novels in English, is published anonymously by Archibald Constable in Edinburgh, selling out in two days.source
18147 July – Walter Scott's Waverley, his first prose fiction and one of the first significant historical novels in English, set during the Jacobite rising of 1745, is published anonymously by Archibald Constable in Edinburgh, selling out in two days.Scotland source
1814August 1 – The Grand Jubilee of 1814 is held in Britain, celebrating the hundredth anniversary of the Hanoverian Successionsource
1814November 4 – King Charles XIII of Sweden becomes King of Norway, as Charles II .source
1814St George's Church, Charlotte Square, New Town, Edinburgh, designed by Robert Reid after Robert Adam, is completed.Scotland source
1814Journalist and preacher Elijah Waring settles at Neath.Wales source
1815January 2 – Lord Byron marries Anna Isabella Milbanke in Seaham, county of Durham, England.source
18152 January – Lord Byron marries Anna Isabella Milbanke at Seaham, County Durham.United Kingdom source
181523 January - John Scandrett Harford inherits the family estates on the death of his father.Wales source
1815February/March – foundation stone of Montrose Academy laid.Scotland source
1815March 1 – Georgetown University's congressional charter is signed into law, by President James Madison.source
1815June 15 – The Duchess of Richmond's ball is held in Brussels, "the most famous ball in history".source
181531 July – The anointment of King Frederick VI of Denmark takes place at Frederiksborg Chapel.Denmark source
1815December 23 – The novel Emma by Jane Austen is first published, anonymously in London, dated 1816.source
1815December 25 – The Handel and Haydn Society, the oldest continuously performing arts organization in the United States, gives its first performance, in Boston.source
181525 December – Thomas Hansen Jnr marries Elizabeth Tollis in Sydney. (see also 1816 & 1817)New Zealand source
1815December 25 – The Handel and Haydn Society, the oldest continuously performing arts organization in the U.S., gives its first performance, at the King's Chapel in Boston.United States source
1815His Imperial Majesty's Own ChancelleryRussia source
1815Newstead Girls College, the oldest existing girls' college and the third oldest public school in Sri Lanka, is founded by Wesleyan ministers in Negombo.Sri Lanka source
1816January 9 – Ludwig van Beethoven wins the custody battle for his nephew Karl.source
1816February 20 – Gioachino Rossini's opera buffa The Barber of Seville premières at the Teatro Argentina in Rome.source
1816March 21 – The Institut de France is reorganized by King Louis XVIII into four royal academies: a revived Académie française; the Royal Academy of Inscriptions and Belles Lettres; the Royal Academy of Sciences; and the Académie des Beaux-Arts.source
1816May 2 – Leopold of Saxe-Coburg (later King of the Belgians) marries Charlotte Augusta, daughter of the Prince Regent, at Carlton House in London.source
1816June 16 – The Society for the Promotion of Permanent and Universal Peace is founded in London.source
181616 August – Thomas Kendall starts the first school in New Zealand, at Rangihoua. The opening roll is 33.New Zealand source
1816October 2 – Johann Nepomuk Hummel is offered a post at Stuttgart by Duke Frederick I of Württemberg.Germany source
1816October 21 – Penang Free School is founded by Rev. Sparke Hutchings, on the island of Penang (in modern-day Malaysia).source
1816November 19 – The University of Warsaw is established.source
1816The Icelandic Literary Society is founded.Iceland source
1816The oldest theatre building in Scandinavia; Trøndelag Teater was built.Norway source
1816The Elgin Marbles are purchased by the British government from Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin, for the British Museum in London.Scotland source
1816Inauguration of the Segerlindska teatern in Gothenburg.Sweden source
1816George Bourne, possibly the first immediate and total U.S. abolitionist, publishes The Book and Slavery Irreconcilable.United States source
1816Jane Ellis - Cerddi (first published Welsh language book by a woman)Wales source
1817January 20 – Ram Mohan Roy and David Hare found Hindu College, Calcutta, offering instructions in English on Western subjects, including other European languages.source
181725 January – The Scotsman is first published in Edinburgh as a liberal weekly newspaper by lawyer William Ritchie and customs official Charles Maclaren.Scotland source
181716 February – Förlofningen by Dorothea Dunckel has its premier at the Aurora ordens teater.Sweden source
18171 June - The Legion of Merit of Chile is established by Bernardo O'Higgins to recognize personal merit.Chile source
181717 June - Gowri Parvati Bayi, regent of Travancore announces state funding for Education.India source
181714 July - Robert Williams composes the famous hymn-tune Llanfair (formerly named Bethel).Wales source
1817August 22 – The town of Araraquara, Brazil, is founded.source
1817August 26 – The University of Michigan is founded in the U.S., initially near the intersection of Bates Street and Congress Street in Detroit. It will move its campus to Ann Arbor, Michigan, in 1837.source
1817October 9 – The University of Ghent opens in Belgium.source
1817October 31 – Emperor Ninkō accedes to the throne of Japan.source
1817The 300th anniversary of the Reformation is commemorated with a medal designed by Salomon Ahron Jacobson.Denmark source
1817The Miss Schultz School is founded. It was the first school for girls in Bergen, the biggest city in Norway in 1817.Norway source
1817John Neal published Keep Cool, A Novel, the first American work of fiction to use natural diction.United States source
1818January 1 – English author Mary Shelley publishes the novel Frankenstein anonymously.source
1818February 4 – Writer Walter Scott finds the Honours of Scotland in Edinburgh Castle.source
1818February 5 – Upon his death, King Charles XIII of Sweden (Charles II of Norway) is succeeded on both thrones by his adoptive son Charles XIV/III John, starting the Royal House of Bernadotte.source
1818May 11 – Charles XIV of Sweden–Norway is crowned king of Sweden.source
1818May 11 – The Old Vic Theatre is founded (as the Royal Coburg Hall) in London.source
1818May 11 – The Westmorland Gazette is first published at Kendal in the Lake District of England; in July, Thomas De Quincey will begin a 16-month term as editor.source
1818June 11 – Prince William, Duke of Clarence and St Andrews, third oldest son of King George III and the future King William IV of the United Kingdom, marries Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen.source
1818July 3 – English poet Lord Byron, resident in Italy, begins work on his satirical epic Don Juan. Although he completes the first canto by September 19, he will die in 1824 before he can finish the poem, after completing 16 cantos and working on the 17th.source
1818July 16 – The Daniel Webster Debate Society of Phillips Exeter Academy is founded as The Golden Branch Literary Society, making it the oldest surviving secondary school literary society in the U.S.United States source
1818July 31 – The first newspaper in Cleveland, Ohio is issued by publisher Andrew Logan. Using the original name of the small settlement (population 172), Logan names the weekly paper The Cleaveland Gazette & Commercial Register.source
1818September 7 – Carl III of Sweden–Norway is crowned king of Norway, in Trondheim.source
18187 September – Carl III of Sweden-Norway is crowned king of Norway, in Trondheim.Norway source
18187 September - The coronation of Charles XIV John of Sweden as Charles III John of Norway, in Christiana (now Oslo).Sweden source
1818November 11 – Anglo-Chinese College is founded by Robert Morrison in Malacca (later renamed Ying Wa College).source
1818November 16 – The Saint Louis Academy, which later becomes Saint Louis University, is founded by Reverend Louis William Valentine Dubourg in the United States.source
1818December 24 – The Christmas carol "Silent Night" (Stille Nacht), with words by the priest Josef Mohr, set to music by organist Franz Xaver Gruber, is first performed at St. Nikolaus Parish Church, in Oberndorf bei Salzburg, Austria.source
1818The first Serbian dictionary is published by Vuk Karadžić.source
1818Besses o' th' Barn Brass Band is formed in Whitefield, near Manchester by this date.source
1818The first edition of the Farmers' Almanac is published in the United States.source
1818Dalhousie University is established.Canada source
1818The Städel, officially the Städelsches Kunstinstitut und Städtische Galerie, an art museum in Frankfurt, is founded.Germany source
1818Landsbókasafn Íslands, the former National Library of Iceland is established at the instigation of Danish antiquarian Carl Christian Rafn and the Icelandic Literary Society.Iceland source
1818Inauguration of the Monument to Minin and PozharskiRussia source
1818Evan Evans (Ieuan Glan Geirionydd) wins the chair at an eisteddfod in St Asaph.Wales source
1819January 25 – Thomas Jefferson founds the University of Virginia.source
1819February 2 – The Supreme Court under John Marshall rules in favor of Dartmouth College in the famous Dartmouth College v. Woodward case, allowing Dartmouth to keep its charter and remain a private institution.United States source
1819April 21 – In a period of about a month starting today during his "Living Year", English poet John Keats writes "La Belle Dame sans Merci" and most of his major odes.source
1819May 22 – The city of Memphis, Tennessee, is founded.source
1819May: enactment of the Serre laws, which governed press freedom for much of the nineteenth centuryFrance source
181913 June – Highland Clearances: Strathnaver clearances resume on the estates of the Duke and Duchess of Sutherland, enforced by factor Patrick Sellar with burning of crofts.Scotland source
1819July 24 – A cabinet meeting is convened by British Prime Minister Lord Liverpool to discuss a report of an adulterous affair involving the wife of George, Prince of Wales, the regent for his ailing father King George III. Despite reports that Princess Caroline is involved with her servant, Bartolomeo Pergami, the cabinet concludes that the trial of Caroline for adultery would be an embarrassment to the nation.source
181924 July – A cabinet meeting convened by Prime Minister Lord Liverpool discusses an investigative report of an adulterous affair involving Caroline of Brunswick (wife of the regent George, Prince of Wales) and her servant Bartolomeo Pergami; the cabinet concludes that the trial of Caroline for adultery would be an embarrassment to the nation.England source
1819August 6 – Norwich University is founded by Captain Alden Partridge in Vermont as the first private military school in the United States.source
18195 September - Hans Christian Andersen arrives in Copenhagen for the first time.Denmark source
1819November 19 – The Museo del Prado opens in Madrid. Initially, it has 311 significant paintings.source
1819Printing of Klausturpósturinn, Iceland's first monthly publication moves moves from Beitistaðir to the Viðey printing house.Iceland source
1819Morgenbladet, the first Norwegian daily newspaper, was released for the first time.Norway source
1819Major eisteddfodau are held at Carmarthen and Denbigh. The Gorsedd tradition (begun by Iolo Morganwg) becomes formally linked with the eisteddfod at Carmarthen.Wales source
182029 January – The Prince of Wales becomes King George IV of the United Kingdom upon the death of his father, King George III.Wales source
18202 March – Kendall, Hongi Hika, and Hongi's nephew Waikato from Rangihoua, sail for England in the whaler New Zealander 1808 ship. Kendall confers with Professor Samuel Lee at Cambridge on the publication of Grammar and Vocabulary of the New Zealand Language. The book is published at the end of the year. The well known painting of Kendall with the two chiefs is painted by James Barry. Hongi's main purpose in this trip is to obtain muskets, at which he is eventually successful.New Zealand source
1820March 3 & 6 – Slavery in the United States: The Missouri Compromise becomes law.United States source
1820March 26 – Joseph Smith, founder of the Latter Day Saint movement, receives his First Vision in Palmyra, New York.source
1820April 15 – King William I of Württemberg marries his cousin, Pauline Therese, in Stuttgart.source
182015 April – King William I of Württemberg marries his cousin, Pauline Therese, in Stuttgart.Germany source
182022 April – Walter Scott is created 1st baronet of Abbotsford in the County of Roxburgh in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom.Scotland source
1820June 5 – Caroline of Brunswick, the estranged wife of King George IV, returns to England after six years abroad in Italy, where she has been carrying on an affair. Since ascending the throne in January, the King had sought to receive his government's approval for a divorce.source
1820June 18 – The Governor, Earl of Dalhousie, arrives.Canada source
1820July 20 – Saint Cronan's Boys' National School opens in Bray, County Wicklow, Ireland under the title Bray Male School. Its notable pupils will include President of Ireland Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh.source
1820The song Sønner av Norge is written by Henrik Anker Bjerregaard and Christian Blom.Norway source
1820James Read produces the first SeTswana book.South Africa source
1821February 9 – Columbian College in the District of Columbia is chartered by President James Monroe (it becomes George Washington University).source
1821February 9 – The George Washington University is chartered as The Columbian College of the District of Columbia by President James Monroe.United States source
1821May 5 – The first edition of the Manchester Guardian newspaper (from 1959 simply The Guardian) is published in England.source
182121 May – The so-called Copenhagen Mythological Competition is announced via advertisements in several Copenhagen newspapers.Denmark source
182127 June – The Philosophical Society of Australasia is established. It would be renamed as the Royal Society of New South Wales in 1866 at the request of Queen Victoria.Australia source
1821July 19 – George IV is crowned King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. His estranged wife, Caroline of Brunswick, is turned away from the ceremony.source
18211 August - The Nobility of Norway is abolished.Norway source
182113 September – King George IV of the United Kingdom visits Brecon on his return from Ireland.Wales source
1821September 18 – Amherst College is founded in Massachusetts.source
182116 October – the School of Arts of Edinburgh, a predecessor of Heriot-Watt University, is established by Leonard Horner for the education of working men.Scotland source
1821December 15 – The world's first geographical society, the Société de géographie, is established in Paris.source
1821Widener University is founded in Wilmington, Delaware, as The Bullock School for Boys.source
1821Ruan Yuan, Governor General of Liangguang, expanded the Guangdong Gong Yuan examination hall to more than seven thousand six hundred examination cellsChina source
1821Carl Maria von Weber – Konzertstück in F minor, for piano and orchestra, Op. 79Germany source
1822January 13 – The design of the modern-day flag of Greece is adopted by the First National Assembly at Epidaurus, for their naval flag.source
18226 May – The Royal Academy Exhibition of 1822 opens at Somerset House. The exhibition is noted for portraits by Thomas Lawrence and David Wilkie's Chelsea Pensioners Reading the Waterloo DispatchUnited Kingdom source
1822July 1 – Mumbai Samachar, a Gujarati daily newspaper, is establishedIndia source
18225 July – The Royal Agricultural Society of New South Wales was founded.Australia source
1822August 15 — The visit of King George IV to Scotland begins and lasts until –August 29.source
1822October – English actor Edmund Kean acquires an estate on the Isle of Bute.Scotland source
1822Over the middle of the year Franz Schubert begins writing his Symphony No. 8, but leaves it unfinished.source
1822Carl Nielsen's Wind Quintet is performed in public for the first time.Denmark source
1822Franckh-Kosmos Verlags-GmbH & Co., a media publishing house based in Stuttgart, Germany, founded.Germany source
1822Era of Good Feelings (1817–1825)United States source
1822Y Cymmrodor (first, unnumbered volume)Wales source
1823February 3 – Gioachino Rossini's opera Semiramide is first performed, at La Fenice in Venice.source
1823February 3 – Jackson Male Academy, precursor of Union University, opens in Alabama.source
1823February 3 – Jackson Male Academy, precursor of Union University, opens in Tennessee.United States source
1823February 10 – The first worldwide carnival parade takes place in Cologne, Prussia.source
1823April 13 – Franz Liszt, 11, gives a concert in Vienna, after which he is personally congratulated by Ludwig van Beethoven.source
182313 April – Franz Liszt, 11, gives a concert in Vienna, after which he is personally congratulated by Ludwig van Beethoven.Germany source
1823May 9 – Russian author Alexander Pushkin begins work on his verse novel Eugene Onegin.source
1823May 25 – The Catholic Association, a campaign for Catholic emancipation within the United Kingdom, begins in Ireland at a meeting of 13 people at a bookseller's house on Capel Street in Dublin.source
1823June 5 – Raffles Institution is established (as the Singapore Institution) by the founder of Singapore, Sir Stamford Raffles.source
18235 June - Stamford Raffles lays the foundation stone for the Singapore Institution, now known as the Raffles Institution.Singapore source
182323 June – Phillip Tapsell is married for the first time, to Maria Ringa of Ngā Puhi, by Thomas Kendall. The bride runs away later the same day. This is probably the first Christian wedding in New Zealand (as later claimed by Tapsell himself).New Zealand source
1823July 28 – The first theatrical adaptation of the Frankenstein story, Presumption; or, the Fate of Frankenstein, opens at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden in London. On August 29, Mary Shelley attends a performance, the only version of her novel she will ever see.source
1823August 1 – William Pitt Amherst arrives in Calcutta with Lady Amherst to become the new Governor-General of India.source
1823August 5 – The Royal Hibernian Academy is founded in Dublin.source
182323 August – A major eisteddfod is held at Mold.Wales source
1823October 5 – The Lancet medical journal is founded by Thomas Wakley in London.source
1823November – According to tradition, William Webb Ellis invents the sport of rugby football at Rugby School in England.source
1823The Oxford Union is founded as a student debating society in England.source
1823Work begins on the British Museum in London, designed by Robert Smirke, and the Altes Museum in Berlin, designed by Karl Friedrich Schinkel.source
1823A General Description of Nova Scotia, Thomas Chandler Haliburton his first workCanada source
1823Rønne Theater is established on BornholmDenmark source
1823Det Dramatiske Selskab in Stavanger was founded.Norway source
18242 January - First issue of the conservative Stockholms Dagblad.Sweden source
1824January 8 – After much controversy, Michael Faraday is finally elected as a member of the Royal Society in London, with only one vote against him.source
1824March 4 – The Royal National Lifeboat Institution is founded in the British Isles.source
18242 April – The British government buys John Julius Angerstein's art collection for £60,000 for the purpose of establishing a National Gallery in London which opens to the public in his former townhouse on 10 May.United Kingdom source
1824April 7 – The Mechanics' Institution is established in Manchester, England at the Bridgewater Arms hotel, as part of a national movement for the education of working men. The institute is the precursor to two Universities in the city: the University of Manchester and the Metropolitan University of Manchester (MMU).source
1824May 7 – Ludwig van Beethoven's Ninth Symphony (the "Choral") premieres at the Theater am Kärntnertor in Vienna. The deaf composer has to be turned around on the stage to witness the enthusiastic audience reaction.source
1824May 7 – Beethoven's Symphony No. 9 (the "Choral") premieres at the Theater am Kärntnertor in Vienna. The deaf composer has to be turned around on the stage, to witness the enthusiastic audience reaction.Germany source
1824June 16 – The Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals is established in Great Britain.source
18248 September – The Society of Cymmrodorion sponsors a major eisteddfod at Welshpool.Wales source
182414 October – W. C. Wentworth and Robert Wardell begin publication of The Australian, the first independent newspaper in Australia.Australia source
1824October – Edinburgh Academy, built to the design of William Burn, opens.Scotland source
1824November 1 – Miami University (chartered 1809) delivers its first classes in Oxford, Ohio.United States source
1824November 5 – Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, the first technological university in the English-speaking world, is founded in Troy, New York.source
1824December 24 – The first American social fraternity, Chi Phi (ΧΦ), is founded at Princeton University.source
1824John Kelly marries (Mary) Hine-tuhawaiki and settles at Ruapuke Island. Hine may have been a relative of Tūhawaiki 'Bloody Jack', later paramount chief of Ngāi Tahu, whose stronghold was on Ruapuke.New Zealand source
182521 March – British première of Beethoven's Symphony No. 9 (1824) is presented by the Philharmonic Society of London at its Argyll Rooms conducted by Sir George Smart (and with the choral "Ode to Joy" sung in Italian).United Kingdom source
182529 May - Coronation of Charles X in Reims. This was the only coronation following the Bourbon Restoration and the last ever to take place.France source
1825May – the Royal Hibernian Academy holds its first exhibition of art in Dublin.Ireland source
182528 July – foundation stone of the Royal High School's new building on Calton Hill in Edinburgh is laid.Scotland source
1825August 22 – The National Mexican Rite is created in Mexico City.source
1825September – The Lady Margaret Boat Club is founded by 12 members of St John's College, Cambridge.source
1825November 26 – At Union College in Schenectady, New York a group of college students form Kappa Alpha Society as the first college social fraternity (it is the first to combine aspects of secret Greek-letter societies, literary societies and formalized student social groups).United States source
1825December 1 (O.S.)/November 19 (N.S.) – Nicholas I of Russia succeeds his older brother Alexander I.source
1825December 1 (November 19 O.S.) – Nicholas I succeeds his brother Alexander I, as emperor.Russia source
1825The Copenhagen Art Society is founded by a circle of the most influential figures of the Danish art world during the Danish Golden Age.Denmark source
1825Det Dramatiske Selskab in Egersund is founded.Norway source
1826January 15 – The French newspaper Le Figaro begins publication in Paris, initially as a satirical weekly.source
1826February 4 – James Fenimore Cooper's novel The Last of the Mohicans is first printed, by a publisher in Philadelphia.source
1826February 6 – First printing of James Fenimore Cooper's novel The Last of the Mohicans, in Philadelphia.United States source
1826February 11 – University College London is founded, under the name University of London.source
1826February 13 – The American Temperance Society is founded.source
182616 March - The Australian Subscription Library, the forerunner of the State Library of New South Wales, is founded; it opens, 1 December 1827.Australia source
1826March – Ludwig van Beethoven's String Quartet No. 13 in B♭ major, Op. 130 is first performed and is premiered by the Schuppanzigh Quartet. In its original form, the piece has Grosse Fuge (later Op. 133) as the final movement.source
182624 May - John Parry (Bardd Alaw) is given a benefit concert by the Society of Cymmrodorion.Wales source
182619 June – Tories under Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool win a substantial increased majority over the Whigs in the general election.United Kingdom source
18268 July - Chilean presidential election, 1826Chile source
1826July – Ludwig van Beethoven puts the finishing touches on the String Quartet No. 14 in C♯ minor, Op. 131, the jewel in the crown of his late string quartets.source
1826July – Ludwig van Beethoven puts the finishing touches on the String Quartet in C sharp Minor, Opus 131, the jewel in the crown of his late string quartets.Germany source
1826August 6 — The 17 year old composer Felix Mendelssohn completes the overture to A Midsummer Night's Dream.source
1826August 10 – The first Cowes Regatta is held in the Isle of Wight, in the U.K.source
182619 August - Louis Christophe François Hachette purchases the Brédif bookshop on rue Pierre-Sarrazin, Paris, origin of the Hachette publishing business.France source
182617 October – Thomas Carlyle and Jane Welsh marry in Templand and set up home in Edinburgh.Scotland source
18271 January – Johan Ludvig Heiberg (poet) publishes the literary journal Kjøbenhavns flyvende Post for the first time.Denmark source
1827January 15 – Furman University, founded in 1826, begins its first classes with 10 students, as the Furman Academy and Theological Institution, located in Edgefield, South Carolina. By the end of 2016, it will have 2,800 students at its main campus in Greenville, South Carolina.source
18271 March – Official opening of St David's College, Lampeter. Llewelyn Lewellin becomes its first principal, with Alfred Ollivant as vice-principal.Wales source
1827March 15 – The University of Toronto is established by royal charter as King's College at York. It is the first institution of higher education in Upper Canada.source
1827March 15 – The University of Toronto is charteredCanada source
1827March 16 – Freedom's Journal, the first African-American owned and published newspaper in the United States, is founded in New York City by John Russwurm.source
1827March 29 — Thousands crowd the streets of Vienna to attend the funeral of Beethoven after his March 26 death. His contemporaries Franz Schubert, Johann Nepomuk Hummel and Carl Czerny serve as torchbearers and Chancellor Metternich speaks.source
1827July 9 – Zarafa, the giraffe given by the Ottoman Viceroy of Egypt to King Charles X of France, arrives at the royal palace in Paris.source
182712 September - The newspaper El Mercurio's Valparaiso edition is first printed.Chile source
1827November – The term "socialist" is coined by Robert Owen in his London periodical, The Co-operative Magazine and Monthly Herald.source
1827Klausturpósturinn, the first monthly magazine published in Icelandic is discontinued.Iceland source
1827Christiania Offentlige Theater is founded by Johan Peter Strömberg.Norway source
1827KTH Royal Institute of Technology is founded.Sweden source
1827John Neal opens the first public gymnasium in the United States founded by an American in Portland, Maine.United States source
1828February 19 – The Boston Society for Medical Improvement is established.United States source
1828April 27 – The London Zoo opens for members of the Zoological Society of London as the first scientific zoo in the United Kingdom.source
1828May 9 – The Sacramental Test Act in the United Kingdom removes most prohibitions on nonconformists and Catholics holding public office.source
1828July 4 – Lord William Bentinck arrives at Calcutta (modern-day Kolkata) to begin his administration as the new Governor-General of India, on behalf of King George IV of the United Kingdom.source
1828July 5 – The British weekly The Spectator is founded by Robert Rintoul as a radical magazine.source
1828September - Prince Augustus Frederick, Duke of Sussex, visits the eisteddfod at Denbigh, making it the first to receive a royal visit.Wales source
1828October 26 – The Office of the Institutions of Empress Maria is established in Russia to maintain the charitable institutions previously under the patronage of the late Empress.source
18281 November – The wedding of Prince Frederick (VII) and Princess Vilhelmine Marie of Denmark takjes place in Copenhagen.Denmark source
1828December 30 – Publication (begun on January 14) of Franz Schubert's song cycle Winterreise is concluded posthumously.source
1828In Stykkishólmur, Árni Thorlacius built a large house for his home and companies, the Norwegian house, which has been renovated and accommodates the local museum.Iceland source
1828Celebrating the Norwegian Constitution Day was banned, but the ban was lifted the next year.Norway source
1828Office of the Institutions of Empress MariaRussia source
1828Sir Walter Scott's novel The Fair Maid of Perth (or St. Valentine's Day; Chronicles of the Canongate, 2nd series) is published.Scotland source
1828Malte-Brun map of scandinavia is published as part of Conrad Malte-Brun's System of Geography, Vol. I.Sweden source
1829January 4 – Sir John Colborne, Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada founds Upper Canada College, as a feeder school to the newly formed University of Toronto and a home for the colony's upper class.Canada source
1829January 19 – August Klingemann's adaptation of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's Faust premieres in Braunschweig.source
182919 January – August Klingemann's adaptation of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's Faust premieres in Braunschweig.Germany source
1829March 11 – German composer Felix Mendelssohn conducts the first performance of Johann Sebastian Bach's St Matthew Passion since the latter's death in 1750, in Berlin; the success of this performance sparks a revival of interest in Bach.source
18296 May - The Cymmrodorion hold an eisteddfod in London.Wales source
1829June 1 – The Philadelphia Inquirer is founded in the U.S. as The Pennsylvania Inquirer.source
1829June 10 – The Oxford University Boat Club wins the first inter-university Boat Race, rowed at Henley-on-Thames.source
1829June 27 – James Smithson, a British mineralogist and chemist, leaves a bequest of £100,000 to fund the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C.United States source
18291 August – Prince Ferdinand marries at Frederiksberg Palace his first cousin once removed, Princess Caroline of Denmark (1793–1881), the eldest daughter of the above-mentioned sonless Crown Prince Frederick, now King Frederick VI of Denmark.Denmark source
1829August 3 – Gioacchino Rossini's opera William Tell (Guillaume Tell) is first performed, in Paris.source
1829August 12 – Mrs. Helen Dance, wife of the captain of the ship Sulphur, cuts down a tree to mark the founding day of the town of Perth, Western Australia.source
182912 August – Mrs Helen Dance, wife of the captain of HMS Sulphur, cuts down a tree to mark the foundation of the town of Perth, Western Australia.Australia source
1829August 14 – King's College London is founded by Royal Charter, under the patronage of King George IV and the Prime Minister, The Duke of Wellington.source
1829September 28 – African-American abolitionist David Walker publishes his Appeal to the Coloured Citizens of the World, in Boston, Massachusetts.source
1829October 17: Dom Pedro I marries Amélie of Leuchtenberg.Brazil source
1829November 5 – The Chalmers University of Technology is founded in Gothenburg, Sweden.source
1829November 5 – Technical University of Denmark (DTU) opens.source
1829December 4 – In India, Lord William Bentinck, British Governor General of the Presidency of Fort William in Bengal, pushes through a regulation declaring that all who abet sati (suttee) (the self-immolation of a widow on her husband's funeral pyre) in parts of British India are guilty of culpable homicide. This follows long campaigning by Bengali reformer Ram Mohan Roy.source
1829South African College founded in Cape Town, South Africa; later to separate into the South African College Schools and the University of Cape Town.South Africa source
1830January 11 – LaGrange College (later the University of North Alabama) begins operation, becoming the first publicly chartered college in Alabama.source
1830March 26 – Joseph Smith's religious text "Book of Mormon" is published in Palmyra, New York.United States source
183021 April – Phillip Tapsell is married to Karuhi, sister of a Ngā Puhi chief, by Samuel Marsden.New Zealand source
18303 May – The Royal Danish Defence College is established by Frederik VI.Denmark source
1830May 15 – The Royal Swedish Yacht Club (KSSS) is founded.source
1830July 13 – The General Assembly's Institution (later the Scottish Church College), one of the pioneering institutions that ushers in the Bengali Renaissance, is founded by Alexander Duff and Raja Ram Mohan Roy, in Calcutta, India.source
1830September 1 - In the 1830 United Kingdom general election, Christopher Rice Mansel Talbot is elected for Glamorganshire as a Whig; he will continue to sit for a Glamorganshire constituency until his death in 1890.Wales source
1830December 5 – Hector Berlioz's most famous work, Symphonie fantastique, has its world premiere in Paris.source
183016 December – Felix Mendelssohn completes composition of his concert overture The Hebrides as Die einsame Insel ("The Lonely Island").Scotland source
1830The Glyptothek museum of classical sculpture, commissioned by King Ludwig I of Bavaria, is opened as Munich's first public museum.source
1830The Entuzjastki society is founded in Poland.source
1830The Grand Orange Lodge of British North America was founded in Ontario by Ogle Robert Gowan.Canada source
1830The Glyptothek museum in Munich, designed by Leo von Klenze, is completed.Germany source
1830Det Dramatiske Selskab in Kristiansund was founded.Norway source
1831January 1 – William Lloyd Garrison begins publishing The Liberator, an anti-slavery newspaper, in Boston, Massachusetts.source
1831January 1 – Abolitionist, William Lloyd Garrison begins publishing The Liberator, an antislavery newspaper, in Boston, Massachusetts.United States source
1831March 16 – Victor Hugo's historical romantic Gothic novel Notre-Dame de Paris, known in English as The Hunchback of Notre-Dame, is published in Paris.source
183131 March - Chilean presidential election, 1831Chile source
1831April 18 – The University of Alabama is founded.source
1831April 18 – The Sydney Morning Herald newspaper is first published, as the Sydney Herald.source
183118 April - The Sydney daily newspaper and Australia's oldest newspaper The Sydney Morning Herald is first published.Australia source
18312 May - The Polytechnic Institute, today's Leibniz University Hanover established. Founded on 2 May 1831, it is one of the largest and oldest science and technology universities in Germany.Germany source
1831September 8 – Coronation of King William IV of the United Kingdom (he will reign until 1837).source
1831September 28– The first national presidential nominating convention in the United States concludes after three days as the Anti-Masonic Party selects its nominee for president in Baltimore, Maryland.source
18319 October: The Nagar revolt which began in 1830, ended when the British East India Company took over.India source
183111 October – The first marriage between two Europeans in New Zealand is performed at Waimate North. William Gilbert Puckey marries Mathilda Davis.New Zealand source
1831November 8 – The Kings School (Parramatta) was approved to be established.source
1831New York University in New York Citysource
1831Wesleyan University in Middletown, Connecticutsource
1831Wallinska skolan, the first secondary school for girls in the Swedish capital of Stockholm.source
1831Xavier University in Cincinnati (as "The Athenaeum")source
1831Denison University in Granville, Ohiosource
1831José Joaquín Fernández de Lizardi's El Periquillo Sarniento is published.Mexico source
1831The first issue of Grahamstown Journal is printedSouth Africa source
1832January 6 – Abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison founds the New-England Anti-Slavery Society.source
183213 February - The King's School opens in ParramattaAustralia source
1832February 26 — Frédéric Chopin made his highly anticipated Paris debut on at the Salle Pleyel. The concert featured his own Piano Concerto in E Minor and Variations on 'Là ci darem la mano', and was attended by the city's musical and cultural elite, including Franz Liszt and Felix Mendelssohn. The concert would catapult him as one of the most popular composers in not only Paris but all of Europe.source
1832March 24 – In Hiram, Ohio a group of men beat, tar and feather Latter Day Saint movement founder Joseph Smith.United States source
1832May 30 – The Hambacher Fest, a demonstration for civil liberties and national unity in Germany, ends with no result.source
183230 May – The Hambacher Fest, a demonstration for civil liberties and national unity, ends with no result.Germany source
1832July 4 – Durham University is founded in the north of England by an act of Parliament given royal assent by King William IV.source
183211 July – Order of Leopold established.Belgium source
1832August 9 – Leopold I of Belgium marries the daughter of the French king Louise of Orléans in a dynastic marriage at the Château de Compiègnesource
183214 August – première of Felix Mendelssohn's concert overture The Hebrides in London.Scotland source
183228 August - At the Beaumaris eisteddfod, the title of Archdruid is used for the first time.Wales source
1832October 29 - Alpha Delta Phi, the sixth-oldest college fraternity, is founded as a literary society by Samuel Eells at Hamilton College in Clinton, New York.source
1832November 21 – Wabash College, a small, private, liberal arts college for men, is founded.source
1832November – 1832 Newfoundland general election.Canada source
1832The first Baedeker guidebook, Voyage du Rhin de Mayence à Cologne, is published in Koblenz.source
1832Det Dramatiske Selskab in Tromsø is founded.Norway source
18335 January – The Perth Gazette and the West Australian Journal are first published by Charles MacfaullAustralia source
1833April 18 – Over 300 delegates from England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland travel to the office of the Prime Minister, the Earl Grey, to call for the immediate abolition of slavery throughout the British Empire.source
183325 May – Royal Horticultural Society holds the first flower show in Britain.United Kingdom source
183326 May – John Etherington Welch Rolls of The Hendre, Monmouth, marries Elizabeth Long, granddaughter of the 7th Earl of Northesk. They are the parents of John Rolls, 1st Baron Llangattock.Wales source
1833August 1 – King William's College opens on the Isle of Man.source
1833September 2 – Oberlin College is founded in the U.S. at Oberlin, Ohio.source
1833September 2 – Oberlin College is founded in Oberlin, Ohio by John Shipherd and Philo P. Stewart.United States source
18337 October – the Edinburgh Emancipation Society, Edinburgh Ladies' Emancipation Society, Glasgow Emancipation Society and Glasgow Ladies' Emancipation Society are formed in support of abolitionism.Scotland source
1833October 20 – Alfred, Lord Tennyson, publishes his oft-quoted poem, Ulysses.source
1833October – Opening of Sint-Barbaracollege, re-established Jesuit college in Ghent.Belgium source
18331 December - Launch of Le Ménestrel, a weekly music journal; it survives until 1940.France source
1833December 18 – The national anthem of the Russian Empire, God Save the Tsar!, is first performed.source
1833December – The American Anti-Slavery Society is founded.source
1833H.R.H. Prince Mongkut of Siam founds the Dhammayut Buddhist reform movement.source
1833Kalamazoo College in Kalamazoo, Michigan.source
1833The Asiatic Society of Mumbai Town Hall is completed.India source
1834February 3 – Wake Forest University is founded as the Wake Forest Manual Labor Institute in Wake Forest, North Carolina.source
1834March 8 – The Saint-Jean-Baptiste Society, an institution in Quebec dedicated to the protection of Quebec francophone interests and to the promotion of Quebec Sovereignism, is founded.Canada source
18349 March or 20 March – The United Tribes of New Zealand choose a design for their flag.New Zealand source
1834July 29 – The Office of Indian Affairs is organized in the United States.source
1834September 13 – The Gleaner newspaper is first published in Jamaica.source
1834October 24 – Mohammad Shah Qajar ascends to the throne after the death of Fat′h-Ali Shah Qajar.Iran source
1834November 4 – Delta Upsilon fraternity founded at Williams College.United States source
18348 November – Opening of the Catholic University of Belgium in Mechelen.Belgium source
1834The Medical School of Louisiana (later Tulane University) is founded in New Orleans.source
1834Statue of Jean-Jacques Rousseau is erected in his birthplace of Geneva.source
1834Andrarímur, written by Hannes Bjarnason and Gísli Konráðsson, is published.Iceland source
1834The National Republican Guard establishedPortugal source
1834National Pedagogical Dragomanov UniversityRussia source
183528 January – Medical College, Bengal is established; later became Medical College Kolkata.India source
1835March 23 – The Academia Mexicana de la Lengua (Mexican Academy of Language) is established.source
1835March 23 – The Mexican Academy of Language is established.Mexico source
1835May 6 – James Gordon Bennett, Sr. publishes the first issue of the New York Herald.United States source
1835May 8 – Hans Christian Andersen's Fairy Tales Told for Children. First Collection. is first published.source
1835July 25 – James Bowman Lindsay demonstrates a constant electric light at a public meeting in Dundee, Scotland.source
1835August 28 – St. Vincent's Ecclesiastical Seminary, a predecessor of Castleknock College, is founded by the Vincentian community in Dublin, Ireland.source
183517 September – Viscount of Vilarinho de São Romão, a title created by Queen Maria IIPortugal source
1835September 19 – William Lloyd Garrison publishes Angelina Grimké's anti-slavery letter in The Liberator.source
1835October 3 – The Staedtler Company (pencil manufacturers) is founded by J. S. Staedtler in Nuremberg, Germany.source
18353 October – The Staedtler Company (pencil manufacturers) is founded by J. S. Staedtler in Nuremberg, Germany.Germany source
18353 November – The Savings Bank for Roskilde and Surroundings is established in Roskilde.Denmark source
18351 December – Catholic University of Mechelen relocates to Leuven, becoming Catholic University of Leuven.Belgium source
1835The first Bulgarian-language school opens in the Ottoman Empire.source
1835Edward Strutt Abdy publishes his Journal of a Residence and Tour in the United States of North America: From April, 1833, to October 1834.source
1835The first Egyptian Museum in Cairo opened.source
1835The magazine Fjölnir began its circulation. The publication was made by the so-called Fjölnir men. They were Jónas Hallgrímsson, Konráð Gíslason, Tómas Sæmundsson and Brynjólfur Pétursson.Iceland source
1836January 1 – Queen Maria II of Portugal marries Prince Ferdinand Augustus Francis Anthony of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha.source
1836February 29 - Giacomo Meyerbeer's opera, Les Huguenots is performed for the first time in Paris, France.source
18365 March – The Music Society is founded in Copenhagen, on Christoph Ernst Friedrich Weyse's birthday, and for almost a century it remains the most important music venue in DenmarkDenmark source
1836March 29 – Richard Wagner's opera Das Liebesverbot is performed for the first time, in Magdeburg.source
1836March 31 (dated April) – The first monthly part of Charles Dickens's The Pickwick Papers ("The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club..., edited by Boz") is published in London.source
183631 March - Chilean presidential election, 1836Chile source
1836March 31 – Marshall College, named for John Marshall, opens in Mercersburg, Pennsylvania. It later merges with Franklin College to become Franklin and Marshall College in Lancaster, Pennsylvania.United States source
1836May 4 – The Ancient Order of Hibernians, an Irish Catholic fraternal organization, is founded in New York City.source
1836May 7 – The settlement of Mayagüez, Puerto Rico is elevated to the royal status of villa, by the government of Spain.source
1836June – Crawshay Bailey buys the Aberaman estate from the family of Anthony Bacon at auction.Wales source
1836July 30 – The first English-language newspaper is published in Hawaii.source
1836August 17 – The Marriage Act in the United Kingdom establishes civil marriage and registration systems that permit marriages in nonconformist chapels, and a Registrar General of Births, Marriages, and Deaths.source
18364 November – Jan Frans Willems and Jean-Baptist David found Flemish literary society Maetschappij tot Bevordering der Vlaemsche Tael en Letterkunde.Belgium source
1836November 28 – The University of London is established by Royal Charter, with University College London and King's College London named as the first affiliated colleges.source
1836December 4 – The Whig Party (United States) holds its first national convention, in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.source
1836In Munich, the art museum Alte Pinakothek opened.source
1836John Murray III publishes A Hand-book for Travellers on the Continent; being a guide through Holland, Belgium, Prussia and northern Germany, and along the Rhine from Holland to Switzerland, the first of Murray's Handbooks for Travellers, in London.source
1836Count Herman Wedel Jarlsberg is appointed Governor-general of Norway.Norway source
1836Wellington School, Ayr, established for "young ladies of quality" by Mrs Gross.Scotland source
1836Lars Johan Hierta continued editing Aftonbladet, established in 1830 as Sweden's leading journal of liberal opposition.Sweden source
1837February 25 – In Philadelphia, the Institute for Colored Youth (ICY) is founded, as the first institution for the higher education of black people in the United States.source
18377 April - C.A. Reitzel publishes Hans Christian Andersen's Fairy Tales Told for Children. First Collection. Third Booklet (Eventyr, fortalte for Børn. Første Samling. Tredie Hefte. 1837) containing fairytales such as The Little Mermaid and The Emperor's New Clothes.Denmark source
1837May – 1837 Newfoundland general election.Canada source
1837June 20 – Queen Victoria, 18, accedes to the throne of the United Kingdom, on the death of her uncle King William IV without legitimate heirs (she will reign for more than 63 years). Under Salic law, the Kingdom of Hanover passes to William's brother, Ernest Augustus, Duke of Cumberland, ending the personal union of Britain and Hanover which has persisted since 1714.source
1837June 20 – Queen Victoria, 18, accedes to the throne of the United Kingdom, on the death of her uncle William IV without legitimate heirs (she will reign for more than 63 years). Under Salic law, the Kingdom of Hanover passes to William's brother, Ernest Augustus, Duke of Cumberland, ending the personal union of Britain and Hanover which has persisted since 1714.Germany source
1837July 13 – Queen Victoria moves from Kensington Palace into Buckingham Palace, the first reigning British monarch to make this, rather than St James's Palace, as her London home.source
18374 October – Société Civile pour l'Agrandissement et l'Embellissement de Bruxelles established, to develop the Leopold Quarter in Brussels.Belgium source
1837November 8 – Mount Holyoke Female Seminary, later Mount Holyoke College, is founded in South Hadley, Massachusetts.source
1837November 8 – Mary Lyon founds Mount Holyoke Female Seminary, which will later become Mount Holyoke College.United States source
183730 December – William Colenso completes the New Testament in Māori. He produces 5000 copies of this edition.New Zealand source
1837The Olney Friends School is founded in the Appalachian Mountains of the United States.source
1837Strömberg Theatre re-opened under the name Christiania Theatre.Norway source
1837Voortrekker leader Piet Retief publishes his Manifesto which sets out the reasons the Voortrekkers are leaving the Cape Colony.South Africa source
18382 January: The National Public Archives is established in Rio de Janeiro.Brazil source
18387 March – Jenny Lind as her breakthrough in Der Freischütz by Carl Maria von Weber at the Royal Swedish Opera in Stockholm.Sweden source
1838March 31 – The first installment of Nicholas Nickleby, the new novel by Charles Dickens, is released as the opener of a 20-part serialization in London.source
18381 May – Jenners department store established as drapers in Princes Street, Edinburgh.Scotland source
1838August 6 – The Polytechnic Institution, predecessor of the University of Westminster and Britain's first polytechnic, opens in Regent Street, London.source
1838September 18 – The Anti-Corn Law League is established in Britain by Richard Cobden.source
1838November 3 – The Bombay Times and Journal of Commerce is founded (renamed The Times of India in 1861).source
18381 December - The first annual Hobart Regatta is held.Australia source
1838December 13 – Sir John Colborne, Governor General, Messrs. Moffat, Stuart and Badgley go to England, to represent British Canadian views.Canada source
1838Duke University is established in North Carolina.source
1838The Times of India is founded on 3 NovemberIndia source
1838Duke University is established in North Carolina as the Brown School.United States source
1838A major eisteddfod is held at Abergavenny.Wales source
1839January – The first parallax measurement of the distance to Alpha Centauri is published by Thomas Henderson.source
1839February 11 – The University of Missouri is established, becoming the first public university west of the Mississippi River.source
1839February 11 – The University of Missouri is established in Columbia, Missouri, becoming the first public university west of the Mississippi River.United States source
1839March 5 – Longwood University is founded in Farmville, Virginia.source
1839March 7 – Baltimore City College, the third public high school in the United States, is established in Baltimore, Maryland.source
1839March 9 – The Anti-Corn Law League is founded in Manchester, England.source
1839March 26 – The first Henley Royal Regatta is held on the River Thames in England.source
1839April 24 – Boston University is established as the Newbury Biblical Institute in Vermont.source
1839May 25 Manuel Sánchez Mármol – writer, lawyer, politician, and a member of the Mexican Academy of Language was born in Cunduacán, TabascoMexico source
183925 July – William Ewart Gladstone marries Catherine Glynne of Hawarden.Wales source
1839August 8 – The Fraternity of Beta Theta Pi is founded by John Reily Knox at Miami University.source
1839November 11 – The Virginia Military Institute is founded in Lexington, Virginia.source
1839November 17 – Giuseppe Verdi's first opera, Oberto, conte di San Bonifacio, opens in Milan.source
1839November 27 – The American Statistical Association is founded in Boston, Massachusetts.source
1839Mount Allison University founded by Charles Frederick Allison in Sackville, New Brunswick.Canada source
1839Icelandic poet Bjarni Thorarensen publishes Íslands minniIceland source
1839Feast of Saint Raphael, Ollur is held for the first time in Ollur, near Thrissur, KeralaIndia source
1839Det Dramatiske Selskab in Hammerfest was founded.Norway source
1839The revised edition of the radical novel Det går an by Carl Jonas Love Almqvist, first published in 1822, is publishedSweden source
1840January 3 – One of the predecessor papers of the Herald Sun of Melbourne, Australia, The Port Phillip Herald, is founded.source
18403 January – The Melbourne newspaper The Herald is founded by George Cavenagh as The Port Phillip Herald.Australia source
1840February 10 – Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom marries her cousin Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.source
1840February 11 – Gaetano Donizetti's opera La fille du régiment premieres in Paris.source
1840March 4 – Alexander S. Wolcott and John Johnson open the world's first commercial photography portrait studio, their Daguerreian Parlor, on Broadway in Manhattan.source
1840March 4 – Alexander S. Wolcott and John Johnson open their "Daguerreian Parlor" on Broadway (Manhattan), the world's first commercial photography portrait studio.United States source
1840April 2 – The Washingtonian movement for teetotalism is founded by a group of alcoholics in Baltimore, Maryland.source
1840April 3 – Johnny Appleseed meets Abraham Lincoln, and plants apple trees in New York City.source
184018 April — The New Zealand Gazette and Britannia Spectator prints its second issue in Britannia, becoming the first newspaper published in New Zealand. The first issue was printed in England the previous year. The paper publishes weekly, changing its name to The New Zealand Gazette and Wellington Spectator a few months later.New Zealand source
1840June 7 – On the death of Frederick William III of Prussia, he is succeeded on the throne of the Kingdom of Prussia (which he has ruled for more than 40 years) by his eldest son Frederick William IV.source
1840June 12–23 – The World Anti-Slavery Convention is organised by the British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society, at Exeter Hall in London, England. Arguments over the exclusion of women from the convention have important ramifications for the movement for women's suffrage in the United States.source
184027 June – The anointing of King Christian VIII at Frederiksberg Palace, the last such ceremony to take place in Denmark before it is abolished with the introduction of the Danish constitution in 1849.Denmark source
1840June 28 — Queen Victoria is crowned.Canada source
184015 August – foundation stone of the Scott Monument in Edinburgh is laid.Scotland source
1840September 16 – Joseph Strutt hands over the deeds and papers concerning the Derby Arboretum, which is to become England's first public park.source
1840The first English translation of Goethe's Theory of Colours by Charles Eastlake is published.source
1840The first Kodiyettru Thirunal is celebrated in Swamithope pathi in August/September while, according to Ayyavazhi doctrine, Ayya unified the Seven Virgins into himself as per their requestIndia source
1840An eisteddfod is held at Liverpool.Wales source
1841January: The first sailing regatta in the country is held as part of Anniversary celebrations in Wellington.New Zealand source
1841June 6 – The United Kingdom Census is held, the first to record names and approximate ages of every household member, and to be administered nationally.source
1841June 21 – St. John's College, later Fordham University, is founded in The Bronx by Jesuits.source
1841June 21 – Fordham University is opened in The Bronx by the Society of Jesus as St. John's College.United States source
184126 June - Chilean presidential election, 1841Chile source
1841June 28 – The ballet Giselle is first presented by the Ballet du Théâtre de l'Académie Royale de Musique, at the Salle Le Peletier in Paris, France, with music by Adolphe Adam and Italian ballerina Carlotta Grisi in the title role.source
1841July 17 – The first edition of the humorous magazine Punch is published in London.source
1841July 18 – Emperor Pedro II of Brazil is crowned in Rio de Janeiro. — Sundaysource
18411 September – Port Phillip Savings Bank was established.Australia source
184119 September – Founding of the Royal Academy of Medicine of Belgium.Belgium source
1841October 2 – The Canada Gazette publishes its first issue.Canada source
1841October 16 – Queen's University is founded in Kingston, Ontario, by Rev. Thomas Liddell, who carries a Royal Charter from Queen Victoria, and becomes the school's first principal.source
1841December 27 – Franz Liszt gives a piano recital at the Sing-Akademie zu Berlin to an enthusiastic audience, retrospectively marked as the beginning of Lisztomania, which will accompany his tours across Europe during the decade.source
1841Jón Sigurðsson's annual magazine Ný félagsrit (New Association Writings) begins publication. The magazine was used to communicate with the Icelandic people from his home in Denmark.Iceland source
1841The poem «Vi ere en Nation, vi med» is first published. It was written by Henrik Wergeland.Norway source
18421 January: The Government begins publication of a monthly magazine in Māori, Te Karere o Nui Tireni (The Messenger of New Zealand). It publishes until 1846, and is revived as The Maori Messenger and Te Manuhiri Tuarangi between 1849 and 1863.New Zealand source
1842January 8 – Delft University of Technology is established by William II of the Netherlands, as a 'Royal Academy for the education of civilian engineers'.source
1842February 1 – The modern-day Willamette University, the oldest institution of higher learning in the western United States, is established in Salem, Oregon as "The Oregon Institute". The first students begin classes begin on August 13, 1844.source
1842March 2 – Gaylad, ridden by Tom Olliver, wins the Grand National at Aintree Racecourse in England.source
1842March 9 – Giuseppe Verdi's third opera Nabucco premieres at La Scala in Milan; its success establishes Verdi as one of Italy's foremost operatic composers.source
1842March 28 – The Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra, founded by Otto Nicolai, performs its first concert.source
184229 March – August Bournonville's ballet Napoli receives its world premiere at the Royal Danish Theatre.Denmark source
184228 May - Inauguration of the Mindre teatern, the first theater to be active within the city borders of Stockholm since the introduction of the monopoly of the Royal Dramatic Theatre 44 years earlier.Sweden source
184212 June – The first Welsh language service in Waukesha County, USA, is held at Bronyberllan, home of Richard "King" Jones.Wales source
1842July 13 – The Tri-Kap fraternity is founded at Dartmouth College (the oldest local fraternity in the United States).source
1842September – Wesleyan University is established in Ohio.source
1842October 16 – Queen's University is foundedCanada source
1842November 26 – The University of Notre Dame in Notre Dame, Indiana (United States) is established by Father Edward Sorin, of the Roman Catholic Congregation of Holy Cross.source
1842November 26 – The University of Notre Dame in South Bend, Indiana is established by Father Edward Sorin of the Roman Catholic Congregation of Holy Cross.United States source
1842December 7 – The New York Philharmonic, founded by Ureli Corelli Hill, performs its first concert.source
1842December 20 – The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina, is established.source
1842Indiana University Maurer School of Law at Indiana University Bloomington.source
1842Villanova University (in Villanova, Pennsylvania by the Augustinian order).source
1842Cumberland University (in Lebanon, Tennessee).source
1842Hollins University (as Valley Union Seminary in Roanoke, Virginia by Charles Cocke).source
1842Royal Academy of Archaeology of Belgium founded.Belgium source
1842The Walhalla is a hall of fame that honours laudable and distinguished people in German history – "politicians, sovereigns, scientists and artists of the German tongue" completed in 1842.Germany source
1843January 3 – The Illustrated Treatise on the Maritime Kingdoms (海國圖志, Hǎiguó Túzhì) compiled by Wei Yuan and others, the first significant Chinese work on the West, is published in China.source
1843February 6 – The Virginia Minstrels perform the first minstrel show, at the Bowery Amphitheatre in New York City.source
1843February 6 – The Virginia Minstrels perform the first minstrel show (Bowery Amphitheatre, New York City).United States source
1843February 11 – Giuseppe Verdi's opera I Lombardi alla prima crociata premieres at La Scala in Milan.source
1843February 14 – The event that will inspire The Beatles' 1967 song "Being for the Benefit of Mr. Kite!" is held in England.source
184320 February – Søren Kierkegaard publishes Either/Or,Denmark source
1843March 16 – The city of Petrópolis is founded by the government of Brazil.source
1843April 7 – The Indian Slavery Act, 1843 removes legal support for slavery within the territories of the East India Companysource
184321 July – Antwerp Zoo establishedBelgium source
1843September 1 – First Prime Minister of Canada Sir John A. Macdonald marries Isabella ClarkCanada source
1843September 2 – The Economist newspaper is first published in London (preliminary issue dated August).source
184317 September - The University of Chile opens.Chile source
1843October 16 – Søren Kierkegaard's philosophical book Fear and Trembling is first published, in Denmark.source
1843November 1843 – Noble College, MachilipatnamIndia source
1843Saint Louis University School of Law becomes the first law school west of the Mississippi River.source
1843Edgar Allan Poe's short story "The Tell-Tale Heart" is published in The Pioneer, a Boston magazine.source
1843Serial publication of Charles Dickens's novel Martin Chuzzlewit begins in London; in the July chapters, he lands his hero in the United States.source
1843The University of Music and Theatre Leipzig founded in 1843 by Felix Mendelssohn.Germany source
1843Fjölnir, the Icelandic-language journal published annually in Copenhagen is published again after a hiatus.Iceland source
18441 January – Vlaemsch België, first Dutch-language daily newspaper in Belgium, launched.Belgium source
1844January 4 – The first issue of the Swedish-languaged Saima newspaper founded by J. V. Snellman is published in Kuopio, Finland.source
1844January 15 – The University of Notre Dame, based in the city of the same name, receives its charter from Indiana.source
1844March 5 – The Toronto Globe is founded by George BrownCanada source
1844March 8 – King Oscar I ascends to the throne of Sweden–Norway upon the death of his father, Charles XIV/III John.source
18448 March – King Oscar I ascends to the throne of Sweden-NorwayNorway source
1844March 9 – Giuseppe Verdi's opera Ernani debuts at Teatro La Fenice, Venice.source
1844June 6 – George Williams sets up (in London) what is often cited as the first youth organisation in the world – "The Young Men's Christian Association", commonly known as YMCA. It will grow to a worldwide organisation based in Geneva, Switzerland, with more than 57 million beneficiaries from 125 national associations. George Williams aims to put Christian principles into practice by developing a healthy "body, mind, and spirit." These three angles are reflected by the different sides of the (red) triangle – part of all YMCA logos.source
1844June 17 – Søren Kierkegaard's The Concept of Anxiety is published in Denmark (as Begrebet Angest by 'Vigilius Haufniensis').source
1844June 22 – The Delta Kappa Epsilon student fraternity is founded at Yale College in the United States. ΔΚΕ will be home to many well known figures, such as U.S. Presidents George W. Bush, George H. W. Bush, Gerald Ford and Theodore Roosevelt.source
1844June 22 – Influential North American student fraternity Delta Kappa Epsilon is founded at Yale College.United States source
18444 July – A National Language Meeting is held at Skamlingsbanken.Denmark source
1844September 25–27 – The first ever international cricket match is played in New York City, United States v Canadian Provinces.source
1844November 3 – Giuseppe Verdi's opera I due Foscari debuts at Teatro Argentina, Rome.source
1844In Munich, the Feldherrnhalle is completed.source
1844Robert Chambers' anonymous Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation, which paves the way for acceptance of Charles Darwin's The Origin of Species, is published in Britain.source
1844Penfolds winery is established in Adelaide by Christopher Rawson Penfold & Mary Penfold.Australia source
1844The Chinese Union, an early Chinese Protestant Christian missionary society that was involved in preaching to Chinese and sending Chinese workers to mainland China during the late Qing dynasty was founded by Karl Gützlaff in 1844, Hong KongChina source
1844Roemer- und Pelizaeus-Museum HildesheimGermany source
1845January 10 – Elizabeth Barrett receives a love letter from the younger poet Robert Browning; on May 20, they meet for the first time in London. She begins writing her Sonnets from the Portuguese.source
1845January 29 – The Raven by Edgar Allan Poe is published for the first time, in the New York Evening Mirror.source
1845February 1 – Anson Jones, President of the Republic of Texas, signs the charter officially creating Baylor University (the oldest university in the U.S. state of Texas that still operates under its original name).source
1845February 1 – Anson Jones, President of the Republic of Texas, signs the charter officially creating Baylor University in present-day Waco, which becomes the oldest university in the State of Texas operating under its original name.United States source
1845February 7 – A drunken visitor smashes the Portland Vase in the British Museum, requiring months of repair work.source
18457 February – In the British Museum, a drunken visitor smashes the Portland Vase which takes months to repair.United Kingdom source
1845March 13 – The Violin Concerto by Felix Mendelssohn premieres in Leipzig, with Ferdinand David as soloist.source
18452 April: The Wellington Independent publishes its first issue. The newspaper continues to publish bi-weekly or tri-weekly until 1874.New Zealand source
1845May – Frederick Douglass's autobiographical Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave is published by the Boston Anti-Slavery Society.source
184521 June – News of the discovery of a rich body of copper ore at Burra, South Australia is published in Adelaide newspapers.Australia source
184515 July – Christian Holtermann Knudsen, typographer, newspaper editor, publisher, trade unionist and politician (died 1929)Norway source
184514 August – the Falkirk Herald newspaper is first publishedScotland source
184522 August – Hans Christian Lumbye's Champagne Galop premières in Tivoli Gardens to mark the second anniversary of the amusement park.Denmark source
1845September 25 – The Phi Alpha Literary Society is founded, in Jacksonville, Illinois.source
1845October 10 – In Annapolis, Maryland, the Naval School (later renamed the United States Naval Academy) opens with 50 midshipmen and seven professors.source
1845October 19 – Richard Wagner's opera Tannhäuser debuts at the Dresden Royal Court Theater.source
1845October 21 – The New York Herald becomes the first newspaper to mention the game of baseball.source
1845Eugénie Luce founds the Luce Ben Aben School in Algiers.source
1845Friedrich Engels' treatise The Condition of the Working Class in England is published in Leipzig as Die Lage der arbeitenden Klasse in England.source
1845Heinrich Hoffmann publishes a book (Lustige Geschichten und drollige Bilder), introducing his character, Struwwelpeter, in Germany.source
1845Penry Williams paints the portrait of Lady Charlotte Guest.Wales source
18465 January: The Māori language magazine, Te Karere o Nui Tireni publishes its last issue. It started in 1842. It is revived as The Maori Messenger and Te Manuhiri Tuarangi between 1849 and 1863.New Zealand source
1846March 10 – Prince Osahito, fourth son of deceased Emperor Ninkō of Japan, becomes Emperor Kōmei.source
1846May 11 – The University at Buffalo is founded by future United States Vice President and President, Millard Fillmore.source
1846May 22 – Rita Cetina Gutiérrez, teacher, poet and activist (died 1908)Mexico source
1846May – The Associated Press is founded in New York.source
18462 June – first editions of Melbourne's daily newspaper, The Argus; and of Brisbane's weekly newspaper, Moreton Bay Courier, are published.Australia source
1846August 11 – Establishment of the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C.United States source
1846September 12 – Poets Elizabeth Barrett and Robert Browning marry privately in London, departing a week later for the continent.source
1846October 1 – Christ College, Tasmania, opens with the hope that it will develop along the lines of an Oxbridge college, and provide the basis for university education in Tasmania. By the 21st century it will be the oldest tertiary institution in Australia.source
1846The first higher school of academic learning for women in Denmark, Den højere Dannelsesanstalt for Damer, is founded in Copenhagen.source
1846Fort Wayne Female College is founded in Indiana as a Methodist institution; it will later be renamed Taylor University.source
1846Astor House Hotel (Shanghai) (礼查饭店), established in 1846 as Richards' Hotel and Restaurant (礼查饭店) on The BundChina source
1846The of Den højere Dannelsesanstalt for Damer, the first secondary education school for women, is established by Annestine Beyer and Emil Bojsen.Denmark source
1846The Petrashevsky Circle, organized by Mikhail Petrashevsky, was active in the 1840s (founded in 1845) and by 1846 it existed as a gathering of intellectuals.Russia source
1846The Swedish History Museum is founded.Sweden source
1847January 17 – St. Anthony Hall fraternity is founded at Columbia University, New York City.source
1847January 17 – Saint Anthony Hall is founded at Columbia University in New York City.United States source
1847January 30 – Yerba Buena, California, is renamed San Francisco.source
1847February 25 – State University of Iowa is founded in Iowa City, Iowa.source
1847March 14 – Verdi's opera Macbeth premieres at the Teatro della Pergola, in Florence, Italy.source
1847April 5 – The world's first municipally-funded civic public park, Birkenhead Park in Birkenhead on Merseyside, England, is opened.source
1847April 15 – The Lawrence School, Sanawar is established in India.source
1847May 7 – In Philadelphia, the American Medical Association (AMA) is founded.source
1847May – The Architectural Association School of Architecture is founded in London.source
1847June 1 – The first congress of the Communist League is held in London.source
1847June 9 – Radley College, an English public school, is founded near Oxford as a High Anglican institution.source
18471 July - "Treachery of the Blue Books": Publication of a government report ("blue book") on education in Wales containing opinions hostile to Welsh culture.Wales source
184715 July - St Peter's College, Adelaide is founded by members of the Anglican Church of Australia.Australia source
1847July 29 – The Cumberland School of Law is founded at Cumberland University, in Lebanon, Tennessee. At the end of this year, only 15 law schools exist in the United States.source
184712–17 July – The 5th Scandinavian Scientist Conference is held in Copenhagen. The opening banquet is held in the Rotal Mansion in Roskilde.Denmark source
1847August – Yale Corporation establishes the first graduate school in the United States, as Department of Philosophy and the Arts (renamed Graduate School of Arts and Sciences in 1892).source
184717 September - The National Statistics Institute (Chile) is established.Chile source
1847October 19 – Charlotte Brontë publishes Jane Eyre under the pen name of Currer Bell in England.source
1847October 31 – Theta Delta Chi is founded as a social fraternity at Union College, Schenectady, New York.source
1847Jean-Pierre Cluysenaar's Galeries Royales Saint-Hubert completedBelgium source
1847Founding of the Bethune School (1847): The school was established in Calcutta (now Kolkata) to promote women's education.India source
1847The Åhlinska skolan is founded in Stockholm by Karin Åhlin and her sisters.Sweden source
1848January 24 – California Gold Rush: James W. Marshall finds gold at Sutter's Mill, in Coloma, California.source
1848February 2 – John Henry Newman founds the first Oratory in the English-speaking world, when he establishes the Birmingham Oratory at 'Maryvale', Old Oscott, England.source
18484 March – Karl Marx deported from BelgiumBelgium source
1848March 15 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848: The Hungarian young revolutionary intellectuals, led by Sándor Petőfi, Mór Jókai and others, called the Márciusi Ifjak (Young men of March) organize peaceful mass demonstrations in Pest, forcing the city's Habsburg authorities to accept the 12 Points: the Hungarian claim for freedom and self-determination within the Habsburg Empire. On the same day, Lajos Kossuth and representatives of the Diet of Hungary go to Vienna, and force the emperor and Hungarian king Ferdinand I of Austria to accept Hungarian claims for self-determination within the empire.source
1848March 18 – The Boston Public Library is founded by an act of the Great and General Court of Massachusetts.source
184821 March – A large demonstration goes to Christiansborg Palace. Absolutism is abolished.Denmark source
1848March 29 – Queen's College, London, founded, the world's first school to award academic qualifications to young women.source
1848May 13 – "Maamme", the national anthem of Finland written by German composer Fredrik Pacius and Finnish poet Johan Ludvig Runeberg, was performed for the first time.source
1848May 30 – The Prudential Mutual Assurance Investment and Loan Association is established at Hatton Garden in London (England) to provide loans to professional and working people, origin of the multinational life insurance and financial services group.source
18481 June - Foundation of Neue Rheinische ZeitungGermany source
1848June 24 – Anne Brontë published her final novel and her best-selling work, The Tenant of Wildfell Hall.source
1848July 19 – Seneca Falls Convention: The 2-day women's rights convention opens in Seneca Falls, New York; "Bloomers" are introduced.source
1848July 26 – The University of Wisconsin–Madison is founded.source
1848August 19 – California Gold Rush: The New York Herald breaks the news to the East Coast of the United States that there is a gold rush in California (although the rush started in January).source
1848September 20 – Opening of the Jesuits' College, Montreal.Canada source
1848September 26 – The University of Ottawa is founded in Canada as the College of Bytown, a Roman Catholic institution.source
1848October 18 – Elizabeth Gaskell's first novel, Mary Barton: A Tale of Manchester Life, is published anonymously in London.source
184813 December – Otago News begins publication. The newspaper publishes fortnightly until closing in 1850.New Zealand source
1848December 20 – Slavery is abolished in Réunion (this day is celebrated every year from 1981).source
1848December 26 – The Phi Delta Theta fraternity is founded at Miami University.United States source
184827 December – Marcus Thrane founded Drammens arbeiderforening (Drammen Labour Union).Norway source
1848The Shaker song "Simple Gifts" is written by Joseph Brackett in Alfred, Maine.source
1848Rhodes College is founded in Clarksville, Tennessee, as the Masonic University of Tennessee.source
1848The University of Mississippi admits its first students.source
1848Geneva College (Pennsylvania) is founded as Geneva Hall in Northwood, Logan County, Ohio.source
1848The first horse race was organized in Shanghai (see Shanghai Race Club).China source
1849January 1 – King's College becomes the University of TorontoCanada source
1849June 6 – Fort Worth, Texas is founded.United States source
18496 July - The University of Santiago, Chile is established.Chile source
184926 July – The official inauguration of the Norwegian Royal Palace (Slottet or formally Det kongelige slott), which occurred during the reign of Oscar I.Norway source
184928 August – Grand Steeple-Chase des Flandres first heldBelgium source
1849November – Austin College receives a charter in Huntsville, Texas.source
1849Langabúð, one of Iceland's oldest buildings is completed in Djúpivogur.Iceland source
1849Nakhichevansky Uyezd establishedRussia source
1849The Museum of Cultures is establishedSwitzerland source
1850January 31 – The University of Rochester is founded in Rochester, New York.source
1850January 31 – The University of Rochester is chartered in Rochester, New York; it admits its first students in NovemberUnited States source
1850February 28 – The University of Utah opens in Salt Lake City.source
18509 March - Xianfeng Emperor succeed Daoguang Emperor as Emperor of the Qing dynastyChina source
1850March 16 – Nathaniel Hawthorne's historical novel The Scarlet Letter is published in Boston, Massachusetts.source
1850June 19 – Princess Louise of the Netherlands marries Crown Prince Karl of Sweden-Norway.Norway source
1850July 1 – St. Mary School for Boys (the future University of Dayton) opens its doors in Dayton, Ohio.source
1850August 28 – Richard Wagner's romantic opera Lohengrin (including the Bridal Chorus) premieres under the direction of Franz Liszt, in Weimar.source
185028 August – Richard Wagner's opera Lohengrin premieres in Weimar under the direction of Franz Liszt.Germany source
1850October 1 – The University of Sydney (the oldest in Australia) is founded.source
18501 October – University of Sydney is founded as Australia's first university.Australia source
185018 October – the title Duke of Palmela established, first granted to Dom Pedro de Sousa HolsteinPortugal source
1850October 19 – The Phi Kappa Sigma international fraternity is founded, at the University of Pennsylvania.source
1850Undergraduates at Exeter College, Oxford arrange a "foot grind" (a cross-country steeplechase), the first organised university athletic event.source
1850Bingley Hall, the world's first purpose-built exhibition hall, opens in Birmingham, England.source
1850Stephen Foster's parlor ballad "Ah! May the Red Rose Live Alway" is published in the United States.source
1850German physicist Rudolf Clausius publishes his paper on the mechanical theory of heat ("On the Moving Force of Heat") which first states the basic ideas of the second law of thermodynamics.source
1850Sint-Lodewijkscollege established in LokerenBelgium source
1850Bieler Tagblatt is establishedSwitzerland source
185110 January – The Norwegian Booksellers Association (Den Norske Bokhandlerforening) is founded.Norway source
185111 January: The Lyttelton Times begins publication. It will change its name to the Christchurch Times in 1929, and continue until 1935.New Zealand source
1851January 15 – Christian Female College, modern-day Columbia College, receives its charter from the Missouri General Assembly.source
1851January 28 – Northwestern University is founded in Illinois.source
185123 February – Willemsfonds established.Belgium source
1851March 11 – Giuseppe Verdi's opera Rigoletto is first performed at La Fenice in Venice.source
1851April 28 – Santa Clara College is chartered in Santa Clara, California.source
1851May 15 – Mongkut is crowned as King (Rama IV) of Siam, at the Grand Palace in Bangkok.source
1851May 15 – Alpha Delta Pi sorority, the first secret society for women, is founded at Wesleyan College in Macon, Georgia (U.S.)source
1851May 15 – The first Australian gold rush is proclaimed, although the discovery had been made three months earlier.source
1851June 21 – The Immortal Game, a famous chess match, is played between Adolf Anderssen and Lionel Kieseritzky, during a break in the first international tournament, held in London.source
18517 July – News of the discovery of gold at Clunes, Victoria is published in the Geelong Advertiser.Australia source
1851July 10 – The University of the Pacific is chartered as California Wesleyan College, in Santa Clara, California.source
1851July – The bloomer costume appears in Montreal.Canada source
1851September 15 – Saint Joseph's University is founded in Philadelphia.source
1851September 15 – Saint Joseph's University is founded in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.United States source
1851September 18 – The New York Times is founded in New York City.source
1851October 15 – The city of Winona, Minnesota is founded.source
1851October – The Reuters news service is founded in Londonsource
1851November 14 – Herman Melville's novel Moby-Dick; or The Whale is published in the U.S. by Harper & Brothers, New York, after being first published on October 18 in London, by Richard Bentley, in three volumes as The Whale.source
1851December 9 – The first YMCA in North America is established in Montreal.source
1851December 29 – The first YMCA in the United States opens in Boston, Massachusetts.source
1851Murree established in the PunjabIndia source
1851Alexander Ostrovsky's play The Poor Bride, his second major play, is written; it was published in the journal Moskvityanin in 1852 and first staged at the Maly Theatre in 1853.Russia source
1852February 19 – Phi Kappa Psi fraternity is founded in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania, at Jefferson College.source
1852March 20 – Uncle Tom's Cabin, by Harriet Beecher Stowe, is published in book form in Boston, Massachusetts.source
18527 May – The Den Borgerlige Velgørenheds Stiftelse is founded.Denmark source
1852July 5 – Frederick Douglass delivers his famous speech, "What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?", in Rochester, New York.source
1852August 3 – The first American intercollegiate athletic event, the Boat Race between Yale and Harvard, is held.source
1852August 3 – The first Harvard–Yale Regatta boat race between Harvard and Yale Universities, the first North American intercollegiate athletic event, is held on Lake Winnipesaukee.United States source
185211 October – The University of Sydney was inaugurated, Australia's first university.Australia source
1852November – Leo Tolstoy's debut novel Childhood is published under the initials L. N., in this month's issue of the Saint Petersburg literary journal Sovremennik (and later in book form).source
1852December 8 – Laval's Seminaire du Quebec founds Université Laval, North America's oldest French Language university.Canada source
1852Justin Perkins, an American Presbyterian missionary, produces the first translation of the Bible in Assyrian Neo-Aramaic, which is published with the parallel text of the Syriac Peshitta, by the American Bible Society.source
1852Loyola College is chartered in Baltimore, Maryland.source
1852Mills College is founded as the Young Ladies Seminary in Benicia, California.source
1852Antioch College is founded in Yellow Springs, Ohio (its first president is Horace Mann).source
1852The construction of Oscarshall Palace was finished.Norway source
1852Simon Janashia Museum of GeorgiaRussia source
1852Academic jurisdiction, formerly permitting universities to rule as courts over their students and faculty, is abolished.Sweden source
1852St David's College, Lampeter, becomes the first institution in Wales to award degrees.Wales source
18531 January – Valentin Christian Wilhelm Sibbern, government minister (born 1779).Norway source
1853January 6 – Florida Governor Thomas Brown signs legislation that provides public support for the new East Florida Seminary, leading to the establishment of the University of Florida.source
1853January 6 – East Florida Seminary is established; it is the oldest institution of what later becomes the University of Florida.United States source
1853January 19 – Giuseppe Verdi's opera Il Trovatore premieres at Teatro Apollo in Rome.source
185322 January - University of Melbourne formally established by Act of ParliamentAustralia source
1853February 22 – Washington University in St. Louis is founded as Eliot Seminary.source
1853March 6 – Giuseppe Verdi's opera La traviata premieres at La Fenice in Venice, but is poorly received at this time.source
1853June 22 – Guimarães is elevated to city status by Queen Maria II of Portugal.source
1853August 23 – The first true International Meteorological Organization is established in Brussels, Belgium.source
185323 August – International Maritime Conference opens in Brussels under the chairmanship of Adolphe Quetelet and at the instigation of Matthew Fontaine Maury (ends 8 September)Belgium source
1853August 24 – The Royal Norwegian Navy Museum is founded at Karljohansvern in Horten, perhaps the world's first naval museum.source
1853October 25 – In Munich, the art museum Neue Pinakothek opens.source
1853Wheaton Academy is founded as an evangelical high school in West Chicago, Illinois.source
1853Christ's College pupils play a form of rugby football, the first to do so in New Zealand.New Zealand source
1853The choir Orphei Drängar was founded.Sweden source
1853Revue Thommen is established under the name WaldenburgSwitzerland source
1853Robert Fulke Greville the younger returns to his family estate at Milford Haven.Wales source
1854January 9 – The Teutonia Männerchor in Pittsburgh is founded to promote German culture.source
18542 May Realskolen for Frederiksberg og Vesterbro (later Schneekloths Skole) is founded.Denmark source
1854May 18 – The Catholic University of Ireland (forerunner of University College Dublin) is founded.source
18545 July – The Mercury was first published in Hobart.Australia source
1854July 6 – In Jackson, Michigan, the first convention of the U.S. Republican Party is held.source
1854July 19 – Wood's despatch is sent by Charles Wood, 1st Viscount Halifax to Lord Dalhousie, Governor General of India, proposing radical improvements to the Indian educational system.source
1854August 9 – Johann succeeds to the throne of Saxony, on the death of his brother.source
1854October 16 – Abraham Lincoln, in his "Peoria speech", expresses opposition to the Kansas–Nebraska Act, Popular Sovereignty, and the expansion of slavery in the United States.United States source
1854October 17 – The Age newspaper is founded in Melbourne, Australia.source
18542 December – The Canterbury Jockey Club is formed, the first club of its kind in New Zealand. It holds its first meeting, at Riccarton Racecourse, in 1855.New Zealand source
1854Bryant & Stratton College is founded as a business institute in the United States.source
1854Government Arts College, Kumbakonam was established on 19 October in Kumbakonam in Tamil NaduIndia source
1854Pedro V, King of Portugal (1837–61), oil painting by Franz Xaver Winterhalter.Portugal source
1854ETH Zurich (The Federal Polytechnic Institute) is established.Switzerland source
1854A penny newspaper, the Herald Cymraeg, is founded at Caernarfon, with James Evans as editor.Wales source
1855January: The Māori language magazine, The Maori Messenger or Te Karere Maori resumes publication with a change to the Māori title. It stopped publication the previous year. Under this name, it continues until 1861.New Zealand source
1855February 11 – Kassa Hailu is crowned Tewodros II, Emperor of Ethiopia.source
1855February 12 – Michigan State University (the "pioneer" land-grant college) is established.source
1855February 22 – Pennsylvania State University is founded, as the Farmers' High School of Pennsylvania.source
1855March 2 – Alexander II ascends the Russian throne, upon the death of his father Nicholas I.source
1855March 16 – Bates College is founded by abolitionists in Lewiston, Maine.source
1855May 15 – The Exposition Universelle (an early World's fair) officially opens in Paris (continues to November 15).source
1855July 4 – Walt Whitman's poetry collection Leaves of Grass is published in Brooklyn.source
1855July 4 –Amelia Bloomer speaks in favor of women's rights and suffrage in Omaha, Nebraska.United States source
1855August 18 – Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom, with Prince Albert, begins a 10-day state visit to Paris, the first visit of a reigning British monarch to France since 1413. While there, she visits the Exposition Universelle.source
1855September 3 – The last Bartholomew Fair is held in London, England.source
1855September 27 – Alfred Tennyson reads from his new book Maud and other poems, at a social gathering in the home of Robert and Elizabeth Browning in London; Dante Gabriel Rossetti makes a sketch of him doing so.source
1855November 10 – Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's fictional poem The Song of Hiawatha is published in Boston.source
1855December 22 – The Metropolitan Board of Works is established in London.source
185522 December - The newspaper El Ferrocarril is established.Chile source
1855Collège Saint-François-Xavier established in Verviers.Belgium source
18551855 Newfoundland general electionCanada source
1855Napier Museum, an art and natural history museum situated in Thiruvananthapuram, was establishedIndia source
1855Oporto Cricket and Lawn Tennis Club foundedPortugal source
1855The Swiss Benevolent Society of New Orleans is foundedSwitzerland source
1856January 29 – Queen Victoria institutes the Victoria Cross as a British military decoration.source
1856February 1 – Auburn University is first chartered, as the East Alabama Male College.source
1856February 18 – The American Know Nothing Party convenes in Philadelphia to nominate their first Presidential candidate, former President Millard Fillmore.source
1856February 18 – The American Party (Know-Nothings) convene in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to nominate their first presidential candidate, former President Millard Fillmore.United States source
1856March 6 – Maryland Agricultural College (modern-day University of Maryland, College Park) is chartered.source
1856April 7 – Nelson College is founded in Nelson, New Zealand.source
1856April 10 – Theta Chi international college fraternity is founded at Norwich University in Vermont.source
1856April 17 – The Chicago Historical Society Museum is established at 1601 N. Clark Street, Chicago.source
1856April 30 - The founding of the Associação Naval de Lisboa by King Pedro V, the oldest nautical association in the Iberian Peninsula.source
185613 July – C. K. Hansen is founded.Denmark source
185625 July – Hindu Widows' Remarriage Act, 1856India source
185615 September – Severin Løvenskiold, nobleman and politician (born 1777)Norway source
185613 October - State President Boshoff of the Orange Free State lays the foundation stone of Grey College in BloemfonteinSouth Africa source
1856November 21 – Niagara University is founded in Niagara Falls, New York.source
1856December 2 – The National Portrait Gallery, London, is established.source
1856The National Dress Reform Association is founded in the United States to promote "rational" dress for women.source
1856Legal protection of widow remarriage is extended in India.source
185621-23 July – Celebration of the jubilee of Leopold I's swearing-in as monarchBelgium source
1856A choral society performance of Handel's Messiah is given in Auckland. This the first known performance by such a musical ensemble in New Zealand.New Zealand source
1856Date unknown – Luleå becomes the seat of Norrbotten County.Sweden source
1857January 1 – The biggest Estonian newspaper, Postimees, is established by Johann Voldemar Jannsen.source
1857January 24 – The University of Calcutta is established in Calcutta, as the first multidisciplinary modern university in South Asia. The University of Bombay is also established in Bombay, British India, this year.source
185724 January – University of Calcutta is founded through the Calcutta University Act.India source
1857February 3 – The National Deaf Mute College (later renamed Gallaudet University) is established in Washington, D.C., becoming the first school for the advanced education of the deaf.source
18574 March — Thomas Gee launches the radical nonconformist newspaper Baner Cymru in Denbigh.Wales source
1857March 6 – Dred Scott v. Sandford: The Supreme Court of the United States rules that blacks are not citizens and slaves can not sue for freedom, driving the U.S. further towards the American Civil War (the ruling is not overturned until the 14th Amendment is adopted in 1868).source
1857March 6 – Dred Scott v. Sanford: The Supreme Court of the United States rules that Blacks are not citizens and slaves cannot sue for freedom, driving the country further towards the American Civil War (the ruling is not overturned until the Fourteenth Amendment in 1868).United States source
1857April 14 – Princess Beatrice, the fifth daughter and the youngest child of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert, is born.source
1857April 18 – The Spirits' Book (Le Livre des Esprits), one of the Five Fundamental Works of Spiritism, is published by French educator Allan Kardec.source
1857April 27 – First horse race run at Longchamp Racecourse in Paris.source
1857June 6 – Sophia of Nassau marries the future King Oscar II of Sweden–Norway.source
18576 June – Sophia of Nassau marries the future King Oscar II of Sweden-NorwayNorway source
18576 June – Wedding between Prince Oscar and Sophie of Nassau.Sweden source
1857June 20 – The Victoria and Albert Museum in London is officially opened by Queen Victoria.source
185717 September – The Folketeatret opens in Copenhagen.Denmark source
185723 October: The Colonist publishes its first issue, in Nelson. The newspaper is published until 1920, when it is incorporated into The Nelson Evening Mail.New Zealand source
1857October 24 – Sheffield F.C., the world's first association football team, is founded in Sheffield, United Kingdom by Nathaniel Creswick and William Prestsource
1857San Jose State, the first public U.S. university west of the Mississippi River, opens in San Francisco as Minn's Evening School.source
1857U.S. composer James Lord Pierpont composes "Jingle Bells", originally entitled "The One Horse Open Sleigh".source
1857Illinois State University, the first public university in Illinois, is established in Normal, Illinois.source
1857The first Federal Palace completes constructionSwitzerland source
1858January 25 – The Wedding March by Felix Mendelssohn becomes a popular wedding recessional, after it is played on this day at the marriage of Queen Victoria's daughter Victoria, Princess Royal, to Prince Friedrich of Prussia in St James's Palace, London.source
185824 March – the Scottish National Gallery on The Mound in Edinburgh opens.Scotland source
1858June 10 - Establishment of Bolhrad High School in MoldaviaRussia source
185812 July – The first edition of The Advertiser newspaper is published in Adelaide, South Australia.Australia source
1858August 7 – A football match, played under an unknown set of rules, is held between Melbourne Grammar School and Scotch College.source
1858August 21 – The first of the Lincoln–Douglas debates is held in Illinois.source
1858August 21 – The first of the seven Lincoln–Douglas debates is held.United States source
185810 September – The statue of Frederick VI is unveiled at Frederiksberg Runddel.Denmark source
1858September – International congress on intellectual property held in Brussels.Belgium source
1858October 21 – Jacques Offenbach's operetta Orpheus in the Underworld, featuring music associated with the can-can, is first performed in Paris.source
1858November 12 – Johann II, Prince of Liechtenstein, succeeds to the throne aged 18; he will rule until his death in 1929, the second-longest in European royal history and the longest precisely documented tenure of any monarch without a regent since antiquity.source
1858November 17 – The city of Denver, Colorado, is founded.source
1858Ichikawa Kumehachi make her stage debut as the first actress to appear on stage in Japan since actresses were banned in 1629.Japan source
1858"Great Eisteddfod" at Llangollen; early appearance of Gorsedd ceremony. Ebenezer Thomas (Eben Fardd) wins first prize for his poem Maes Bosworth.Wales source
1859February 12 – The Mekteb-i Mülkiye School is founded in the Ottoman Empire.source
1859March 21 – Pennsylvania issues the charter establishing the Zoological Society of Philadelphia, the first organization of its kind in the United States, and founder of the nation's first zoo.source
1859March 21 – The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania issues the charter establishing the Zoological Society of Philadelphia, the first organization of its kind in the United States and founder of the nation's first zoo.United States source
1859April 13 – The Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art is founded by Peter Cooper, a New York industrialist, inventor and philanthropist.source
185913 April – The New Zealand Advertiser starts publishing in Wellington. In 1867 it is incorporated into the New Zealand Times, but it is restored for six months in 1868.New Zealand source
1859April 30 – A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens is published in England.source
185928 May – The poet Bernhard Severin Ingemann, a central figure of the Danish Golden Age, turns 70 and receives a golden horn from the women of Denmark at his home at Sorø Academy.Denmark source
1859May 31 – Big Ben, the Great Clock at the Palace of Westminster, London, is started.source
1859July 1 – The first intercollegiate baseball game is played, between Amherst and Williams Colleges.source
1859July 8 – Charles XV succeeds his father Oscar I of Sweden and Norway (as Charles IV).source
18598 July – Charles XV succeeds his father Oscar I of Sweden and Norway (as Charles IV)Norway source
1859July 30 – Grand Combin, one of the highest summits in the Alps, is first ascended.source
18593 November – Celebration of the 25th anniversary of the founding of the Catholic University of Leuven.Belgium source
1859November 15 – The first Zappas Olympics open in Greece.source
1859November 24 – English naturalist Charles Darwin publishes On the Origin of Species, a book which argues for the gradual evolution of species through natural selection (it immediately sells out its initial print run).source
1859December 10 – The Ateneo de Manila University is founded, as the Escuela Municipal de Manila.source
1859Alfred, Lord Tennyson publishes the first set of Idylls of the King.source
1859The University of Michigan Law School is founded.source
1859Karl Marx publishes A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy.source
1859The Mary Institute is founded in Missouri.source
1859John Stuart Mill publishes On Liberty.source
1859George Eliot publishes Adam Bede.source
1859The first permanent educational institution for girls, the East Leigh, is founded in Melbourne by Elizabeth Tripp.Australia source
1859Black Rock, Montreal completedCanada source
1859Foundation of the Russian Musical Society in St. Petersburg (founded by A. G. Rubinstein)Russia source
1860February 22 – The New England Shoemakers Strike of 1860 begins in Lynn, Massachusetts. The strike spreads throughout New England, and eventually involves 20,000 workers.United States source
1860May 17 – The German association football club TSV 1860 München is founded.source
186017 May – The sports club TSV 1860 Munich is founded in the Bavarian capital of MunichGermany source
1860June 27 – Don Juan won the first Queen's Plate race is held in Toronto.Canada source
1860July 2 – Vladivostok is founded in Russia.source
1860July 11 – Mutsuhito (the future Emperor Meiji) becomes Crown Prince of Japan.source
18605 August - Charles XV of Sweden and Louise of the Netherlands was crowned King and Queen of Norway in Trondheim. Louise was the first queen to be crowned in Norway since the Middle Ages.Norway source
1860September 3–5 – The First International Chemistry Congress is held in Karlsruhe, Baden.source
1860October 17 – The Open Championship, also known as the British Open, is played for the first time at Prestwick Golf Club in Ayrshire, Scotland. The event is won by Willie Park Srsource
186024 November — A statue of Henry Paget, 1st Marquess of Anglesey is added to the column built in his honour by Thomas Harrison earlier in the century.Wales source
1860December 1 – Charles Dickens publishes the first installment of Great Expectations in his magazine All the Year Round.source
1860A choral society is formed in Wellington.New Zealand source
1860Founding of the Moscow School for the DeafRussia source
1860Jeanette Berglind founds the pioneer institution Tysta Skolan (Silent School) for the deaf in Stockholm.Sweden source
1861February 21 – Mariehamn, the capital of Åland, is founded.source
1861March 3 (February 19 O.S.) – Emancipation reform of 1861: Alexander II abolishes serfdom in the Russian Empire.source
1861May 10 – The Royal Seminary is granted its constitution as the first public institution of higher academic learning open to women in Sweden.source
186114 June – The 1861 Danish Folketing election is held. Carl Christian Hall remains Prime Minister following the elections.Denmark source
186129 June: Confirmation of the richness of Gabriel Read's gold discovery at Gabriel's Gully on the Tuapeka River is published in Dunedin and the Otago gold rush is on.New Zealand source
1861July 1 – The first issue of the Vatican's newspaper L'Osservatore Romano is published.source
1861July 1 – In Cologne, the Wallraf–Richartz Museum of art opens.source
18617 August – Allgemeiner Deutscher Musikverein founded by Franz Liszt and Franz Brendel.Germany source
1861August 20–22 – The first modern Welsh National Eisteddfod takes place in Aberdare.source
1861November 4 – The University of Washington is founded in Seattle.source
1861November 5 – The first Melbourne Cup horse race is held in Melbourne, Australia.source
18617 November – The first Melbourne Cup is held. It is won by Archer. (List of Melbourne Cup winners).Australia source
1861Auguste Chauvin, The Banquet of JupilleBelgium source
18611861 Newfoundland general electionCanada source
1861Self-Strengthening Movement beginsChina source
1861Girls' High School & College, Allahabad, is founded.India source
1862February 1 – American Civil War: Julia Ward Howe's "Battle Hymn of the Republic" is published for the first time in the Atlantic Monthly.source
1862February 1 – Julia Ward Howe's Battle Hymn of the Republic is published for the first time in the Atlantic Monthly.United States source
18623 March – Leopold I of Belgium writes a letter to the dean of Windsor expressing a desire to be buried alongside his first wife, Princess Charlotte of Wales.Belgium source
1862March 31 – Victor Hugo's epic French historical novel Les Misérables begins publication in Brussels.source
1862May 1–November 1 – The 1862 International Exhibition is held at South Kensington in London; it is particularly noteworthy for an exhibit from Japan, influential in the development of Anglo-Japanese style.source
1862May 2 – The California State Normal School (later San Jose State University) is created by an Act of the California legislature.source
1862July 1 – The Russian State Library is founded, as The Library of the Moscow Public Museum.source
1862July 1 – Princess Alice, the second daughter of Queen Victoria, marries Prince Ludwig of Hesse and by Rhine.source
1862July 1 – The Bureau of Internal Revenue, the forerunner of the Internal Revenue Service, is established in the United States.source
186219 July – A banquet attended by Frederick VII and Carl XV of Sweden-Norway takes place in the Grand Hall of Børsen in Copenhagen.Denmark source
1862August 19 – Horace Greeley publishes an editorial, "The Prayer of Twenty Millions", in the New York Tribune, in which he urges U.S. President Abraham Lincoln to make abolition of slavery an official aim of the Union war effort.source
186221 September – Deutscher Sängerbund is founded.Germany source
18624 November – Archer wins the second Melbourne Cup (List of Melbourne Cup winners).Australia source
1862November 28 – Notts County F.C. is founded in Nottingham, England, making it (by the 21st century) the world's oldest professional Association football team.source
1862Anglo-Indian teacher Anna Leonowens accepts an offer made by the Siamese consul in Singapore, Tan Kim Ching, to teach the wives and children of Mongkut, the King of Siam.source
1862The first female student is accepted into Mount Allison University in Sackville, New BrunswickCanada source
1862The poem Terje Vigen, written by Henrik Ibsen, is published.Norway source
1862Queen Louise and Princess Louise takes swimming lessons for the pioneer Nancy Edberg, making swimming socially acceptable for females.Sweden source
1863January 8 – The Yorkshire County Cricket Club is founded at the Adelphi Hotel, in Sheffield, England.source
1863January 29 – Established composer Giacomo Meyerbeer presents the young Jacques Offenbach to Augusta of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, queen consort of Prussia.Germany source
1863January 31 – Jules Verne's first adventure novel, Five Weeks in a Balloon (Cinq semaines en ballon), is published in Paris.source
1863March 10 – Albert Edward, Prince of Wales (later Edward VII of the United Kingdom) marries Princess Alexandra of Denmark (later Queen Alexandra).source
1863April 21 – Ayyam-i butun: Bahá'u'lláh begins a 12-day stay in the Najibiyyih gardens, Baghdad (later known as the Garden of Ridván) during which he declares his station as He whom God shall make manifest. This date is celebrated in the Baháʼí Faith as the festival of Ridván.source
18631 May: The Evening Star, a Dunedin newspaper, publishes its first issue. The paper continued until 1979.New Zealand source
1863May 23 – Ferdinand Lassalle founds the Allgemeiner Deutscher Arbeiterverein (General German Workers' Association, ADAV), the first socialist workers party in Germany.source
1863May 31 – The first Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe horse race is held.source
18636 June – Frederick VII receives a Greek deputation at Christiansborg.Denmark source
1863June 12 – The Arts Club is founded by Charles Dickens, Frederic Leighton and others in Hanover Square, London.source
1863June 13 – Samuel Butler's dystopian article "Darwin among the Machines" is published (under the pen name Cellarius) in The Press newspaper in Christchurch, New Zealand; it will be incorporated into his novel Erewhon (1872).source
1863August 3 – Otago Boys' High School is founded in New Zealand.source
1863August 26 – The Swedish-language liberal newspaper Helsingfors Dagblad proposes a blue-and-white cross as the flag of Finland.source
1863September 16 – Robert College of Istanbul–Turkey, the first American educational institution outside the United States, is founded by Christopher Robert, an American philanthropist.United States source
1863September 30 – Georges Bizet's opera Les pêcheurs de perles debuts, at the Théâtre Lyrique in Paris.source
1863October 3 – U.S. President Abraham Lincoln proclaims a national Thanksgiving Day, to be celebrated on the final Thursday in November.source
1863November 4 – Hector Berlioz's opera Les Troyens is performed for the first time, at the Théâtre Lyrique in Paris.source
1863December 6 – C.S.A.C. Fides Quadrat Intellectum, the First Reformed student society, is founded at the Theologische Universiteit Kampen (Broederweg), in Kampen, the Netherlands.source
1863Guild of Saint Thomas and Saint Luke for the study and promotion of Christian art foundedBelgium source
186322nd General Assembly of Nova ScotiaCanada source
1863Syed Ahmad Khan set up Victoria School at Ghazipur, precursor to Aligarh MovementIndia source
1863Tolstoy took five years (1863–1869) to complete his epic.Russia source
18641 January – The All England Eleven cricket team defeats the Victorian XXII at the Melbourne Cricket Ground.Australia source
18649 January - Scientific Society of Aligarh established as part of Aligarh Movement by Syed Ahmad Khan.India source
1864January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song "Beautiful Dreamer" is published in March.source
1864February – John Wisden publishes The Cricketer's Almanack for the year 1864 in England; it will go on to become the major annual cricket reference publication.source
1864March 14 – Rossini's Petite messe solennelle is first performed, by twelve singers, two pianists and a harmonium player in a mansion in Paris.source
1864April 8 – Gallaudet University is founded in Washington, D.C., as the first university for the deaf and hard of hearing.source
186425 April – 25 June – London Conference of 1864Germany source
186429 May – Princess Charlotte lands in Mexico to become Empress as consort of Maximilian I of MexicoBelgium source
1864June 15 – Arlington National Cemetery is established in the United States, when 200 acres of the grounds of Robert E. Lee's home (Arlington House) are officially set aside as a military cemetery, by U.S. Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton.source
1864June 15 – Arlington National Cemetery is established when 200 acres (0.8 km 2 ) of the grounds of Robert E. Lee's home Arlington House are officially set-aside as a military cemetery by U.S. Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton.United States source
1864July 2 – Dimitri Atanasescu founds the first Romanian school in the Balkans for Aromanians in Trnovo, in the Ottoman Empire (modern-day North Macedonia). By the early 20th century, the number of these schools will have risen to 106.source
1864July 4 – The University of Bucharest in Romania is founded.source
1864September 28 – The International Workingmen's Association is founded in London.source
1864The Lyster Opera Company makes its first tour to New Zealand (possibly the first by a full opera company).New Zealand source
1864Ja, vi elsker, composed by Rikard Nordraak, with lyrics by Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson, becomes the (de facto) Norwegian national anthem.Norway source
1864Bertha Valerius appointed official photographer of the royal court.Sweden source
186518 February: The Press in Christchurch starts publishing a magazine, The Weekly Press. The magazine ran until 1928.New Zealand source
1865March 4 – Washington College and Jefferson College are merged to form Washington & Jefferson College in the United States.source
18656 April – Hans Christian Andersens romantic comedy When the Spaniards Were Here premiers at the Royal Danish Theatre.Denmark source
1865April 27 – Governor of New York Reuben Fenton signs a bill formally creating Cornell University.source
1865May 23 – Grand Review of the Armies: Union Army troops parade down Pennsylvania Avenue (Washington, D.C.) to celebrate the end of the American Civil War.source
1865June 10 – Richard Wagner's opera Tristan und Isolde debuts at the Munich Court Theatre.source
1865July 4 – Lewis Carroll publishes his children's novel Alice's Adventures in Wonderland in England (first trade editions in December).source
1865July 9 – establishment of Nueve de Julio PartidoArgentina source
1865July 27 – Businessman Asa Packer establishes Lehigh University in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.source
1865September 19 – Union Business College (now Peirce College) is founded in Philadelphia.source
186522 September – Frederik Stang founds the Norwegian Red CrossNorway source
186516 December – Leopold I of Belgium buried in Laken, despite his wish to be buried in Windsor; Auguste t'Kint arrives in Yokohama as the first Belgian diplomat in Japan.Belgium source
1865December 18 – The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution (which abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime) is declared ratified by three-quarters of the states of the United States.United States source
1865December 21 – The Kappa Alpha Order is founded at Washington College, Lexington, Virginia.source
1865Nottingham Forest Football Club, an association football based in West Bridgford, Nottingham, England, is founded.source
1865Toryboy wins the Melbourne Cup. A trophy is awarded for the first time.Australia source
1865Author Leo Tolstoy begins publishing his historical novel War and Peace in serial form in the periodical Russkiy Vestnik under the title 1805.Russia source
1866January 1 – The last issue of the abolitionist magazine The Liberator is published.source
1866January 1 – Fisk University, a historically black university, is established in Nashville, Tennessee.source
1866January 12 – The Royal Aeronautical Society is formed as The Aeronautical Society of Great Britain in London, the world's oldest such society.source
1866January 18 – Wesley College, Melbourne, is established.source
186628 January – "Manifeste des ouvriers", drafted by Edmond Picard, calls for universal manhood suffrage.Belgium source
1866March 1 – Stellenbosch Gymnasium is opened, later to be renamed Stellenbosch University.South Africa source
1866April 10 – The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA) is founded in New York City by Henry Bergh.source
1866May 26 – First production of the comic opera Cox and Box by F. C. Burnand and Arthur Sullivan at Moray Lodge, Kensingtonsource
1866May 30 – Bedrich Smetana's comic opera The Bartered Bride premiered in Prague.source
1866May–June – The 1866 New Brunswick electionCanada source
186620 June – Adelaide's town Hall opensAustralia source
1866July 5 – Princess Helena, third daughter of Queen Victoria, marries Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein.source
1866July 28 – The Metric Act of 1866 becomes law and legalizes the standardization of weights and measures in the United States.source
1866September – The Great Tea Race of 1866 ends in London, narrowly won by the clipper ship Taeping.source
1866December 18 – The College of Wooster is founded in Ohio.source
1866The recommendations of the state Girls' School Committee of 1866 result in a series of progressive reforms in women's rights in Sweden.source
1866Arthur Napoleão dos Santos - O remorso vivo (opera).Brazil source
1866Muhammad Qasim Nanotvi established the Darul Uloom Deoband on 31 May 1866, founding the Deobandi movementIndia source
1866The Union Rowing Club of Christchurch is formed.New Zealand source
1866Alexander III marries Maria Sophie Feodorovna of DenmarkRussia source
1867February 3 – The late Emperor Kōmei's 14-year-old son, Prince Mutsuhito, becomes Emperor Meiji of Japan in a brief ceremony in Kyoto, ending the Late Tokugawa shogunate.source
1867February 7 – West Virginia University is established in Morgantown.source
1867February 13 – The Covering of the Senne in Brussels begins.source
1867February 14 – Augusta Institute is founded in Augusta, Georgia, later known as Morehouse College.source
1867February 15 – Johann Strauss II's waltz The Blue Danube (An der schönen blauen Donau) is first performed, at a concert of the Vienna Men's Choral Association. Later this year, Strauss will adapt it into its popular purely orchestral version for the Exposition Universelle in Paris.source
1867February 16 – John A. Macdonald marries his second wife Susan Agnes Bernard.Canada source
1867February 22 – The Indiana Daily Student is established at Indiana University in Bloomington.source
1867March – The University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign is established (opened one year later).source
1867March – The University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign is established (it opens for classes on March 2, 1868).United States source
1867April 28 – I.C. Sorosis, the first women's fraternity (sorority) founded upon the men's fraternity model, with Pi Beta Phi as its motto, is founded at Monmouth College in Monmouth, Illinois. In 1888, the motto becomes the name of the organization.source
1867May 1 – The first political May Day march takes place in Chicago.source
18679 May – British immigrants Thomas and James Hogg found the Buenos Aires Football Club, effectively marking the beginning of the sport in Argentina.Argentina source
1867May 11 – Cox and Box, by Francis Burnand and Arthur Sullivan, is first publicly performed, at the Adelphi Theatre, London.source
18673 June: The Evening Herald is founded in Wanganui. Around the turn of the 20th century, it changed its name to The Wanganui Herald, and continued to publish until 1986.New Zealand source
1867July 9 – Queen's Park F.C., the oldest association football league team in Scotland, is founded.source
1867July 17 – In Boston, Massachusetts, the Harvard School of Dental Medicine is established as the first dental school in the United States.source
1867July 24 − Reykjavik Shooting Association, Iceland's oldest sport association is foundedIceland source
186711-18 July – 2,400 Belgian Volunteers visit London, received by the Lord Mayor, entertained by the Wimbledon Volunteers, and a ball held in their honour at the Agricultural Hall, Islington, attended by Prince Albert.Belgium source
1867September 2 – Emperor Meiji of Japan marries Empress Shōken (née Masako Ichijō). The Empress consort is thereafter known as Lady Haruko.source
1867September 4 – The Sheffield Wednesday F.C. is founded, at the Adelphi Hotel in Sheffield.source
1867September 14 – The first volume of Das Kapital (later translated into English as Capital) is published by Karl Marx.source
1867November 2 – The first issue of the women's fashion magazine Harper's Bazaar is published. It is issued weekly, but later monthly.source
1867November 21 – American temperance crusader Carrie Nation marries Charles Gloyd.source
1867December 2 – In a New York City theater, English author Charles Dickens gives his first public reading in the United States.source
1867The Wasps Rugby Football Club is formed in Middlesex, England.source
1867National Gallery of Victoria Art School accepts its first studentsAustralia source
1867Dadabhai Naoroji established the East India Association, one of the predecessor organisations of the Indian National CongressIndia source
186828 January – The Leipzig Opera House is inaugurated. It was destroyed during the 1943 Bombing of Leipzig.Germany source
1868February 24 – The first parade to have floats takes place at Mardi Gras in New Orleans.source
1868March 4 — Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario establishedCanada source
1868March 23 – The University of California is founded in Oakland, California, when the Organic Act is signed into California law.source
1868The first transnational women's organization, Association internationale des femmes, is founded.source
1868April 1 – The Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute is established in Hampton, Virginia.source
1868September 18 – The University of the South holds its first convocation in Sewanee, Tennessee.source
1868October 7 – Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, is opened, with an initial enrollment of 412 men the following day.United States source
186830 November – A bronze statue of King Charles XII is unveiled in Stockholm's Kungsträdgården park.Sweden source
1868December 24 – The Greek Presidential Guard is established as the royal escort by King George I.source
1868The Académie Julian, a major art school in Paris, France, that admits women, is established.source
1868Maryland School for the Deaf is established.source
1868Louis Jehotte's equestrian statue of Charlemagne inaugurated in LiègeBelgium source
1868Magasin du Nord is established in Aarhus as Emil Vett & Co. by Theodor Wessel and Emil Vett.Denmark source
1868Coromandel Gold Rush (1867–68)New Zealand source
1868The local newspaper Bergens Tidende was established.Norway source
1869January 5 – Scotland's second oldest professional football team, Kilmarnock F.C., is founded.source
1869January 11 – Marriage of Emperor Meiji to Ichijo Haruko, thenceforth the Empress Shōken.Japan source
1869January 21 – The P.E.O. Sisterhood, a philanthropic educational organization for women, is founded at Iowa Wesleyan College in Mount Pleasant, Iowa.source
1869February 20 – Ranavalona II, the Merina Queen of Madagascar, is baptized.source
1869February 25 – The Iron and Steel Institute is formed in London.source
18695 March – The New South Wales government declares that Saint Patrick's Day, St. Andrew's Day and St George's Day are no longer public holidays.Australia source
1869April 6 – The American Museum of Natural History is founded in New York.source
1869May 6 – Purdue University is founded in West Lafayette, Indiana.source
1869May 15 – Women's suffrage: In New York, Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton form the National Woman Suffrage Association.source
1869May 26 – Boston University is chartered by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.source
1869June 1 – The Cincinnati Red Stockings open the baseball season as the first fully professional team.source
1869June 2 – Sherwood College is founded in Nainital, India.source
1869June 30–July 2 – The first Estonian Song Festival takes place in Tartu.source
1869August 27 – The University of Oxford wins the first international boat race held on the River Thames, against Harvard University.source
1869September 5 – The foundation stone is laid for Neuschwanstein Castle in Bavaria (southern Germany).source
18695 September – The foundation stone is laid for Neuschwanstein Castle in Bavaria.Germany source
1869September 11 – Work on the Wallace Monument is completed in Stirling, Scotland.source
1869October 16 – England's first residential university-level women's college, the College for Women (predecessor of Girton College, Cambridge), is founded at Hitchin, by Emily Davies and Barbara Bodichon.source
1869November 3 – Hamilton Tigers Canadian football team is foundedCanada source
1869November 4 – The first issue of the scientific journal Nature is published in London, edited by Norman Lockyer.source
1869November 6 – The first game of American football between two American colleges is played. Rutgers University defeats Princeton University 6–4, in a forerunner to American football and College football.source
1869November 6 – College of New Jersey (Princeton) defeat the Rutgers Queensmen (Rutgers) 6 to 4 in New Brunswick, N.J. in what is widely considered the first ever American football game with Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, becoming known as "The Birthplace of College Football"United States source
1869December 10 – The first American chapter of Kappa Sigma is founded at the University of Virginia.source
1869December – Leo Tolstoy's novel War and Peace is published in complete book form, in Russia.source
1869St. Ignatius College Prep in Chicago is founded, and construction on the school's main building began. It is one of only five buildings that survived the Great Chicago Fire of 1871. The building was designed by the Canadian architect Toussaint Menard in the Second Empire architecture style.source
1869The Ladies National Association for the Repeal of the Contagious Diseases Acts is founded in Great Britain.source
1869New Zealand's first university, the University of Otago, is founded.source
1869La Martinière Girls' School is founded in Lucknow.India source
1869The True Whig Party is founded in Clay-Ashland.Liberia source
1869The University of Otago is established, being New Zealand's first University.New Zealand source
1870January 1 – The first edition of The Northern Echo newspaper is published in Priestgate, Darlington, England.source
1870February 1 – Goodna State School in Goodna, Queensland, Australia, is founded.source
1870February 2 – The Seven Brothers (Seitsemän veljestä), a novel by Finnish author Aleksis Kivi, is published first time in several thin booklets.source
1870February 14 – Schoolteacher Seraph Young Ford becomes the first woman to vote under a women’s equal suffrage law in the USA, casting her ballot in the Salt Lake City municipal election.source
1870March 5 – The first ever international Association football match, England v Scotland, takes place under the auspices of the Football Association at The Oval, London.source
187022 March – A state flag of Queensland is adopted, with a portrait of Queen Victoria.Australia source
187022 March – La Monnaie in Brussels stages first performance in French of Richard Wagner's Lohengrin.Belgium source
1870March 24 – Syracuse University is established in New York (state) and officially opens.source
1870April 13 – The Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City is established.source
1870April 29 – The Chicago Base Ball Club, later to be known as the Chicago White Stockings and ultimately the Chicago Cubs, play their first game against the St. Louis Unions of the National Association of Base Ball Players, an amateur league.source
1870April — George Osborne Morgan introduces the Burials Bill and the Places of Worship (Acquisition of Land) Bill to Parliament.Wales source
1870May 12 – The Port Adelaide Football Club is founded.source
1870May 14 – The first rugby match is played in New Zealand, between the Nelson Football Club and Nelson College.source
1870June 26 – Richard Wagner's opera Die Walküre is first performed at Munich's National Theatre.source
1870June 28 – American President Ulysses S. Grant signs an act making the United States Independence Day, Thanksgiving Day, Christmas Day and New Year's Day federal holidays in the United States.source
1870June 28 – Congress creates federal holidays (New Year's Day, Independence Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day), initially applicable only to federal employees.United States source
1870July 14 – The Ems Dispatch is published, serving as casus belli for a war between Prussia and France.source
187027 August – 3 September: Second visit by Prince Alfred, returning briefly to Wellington before departing for Sydney.New Zealand source
1870September 6 – Louisa Swain of Laramie, Wyoming, becomes the first woman in the United States to cast a vote legally since 1807.source
1870September/October – The literary fairy tale "The Most Incredible Thing", by poet and author Hans Christian Andersen, is published in the United States and Denmark.Denmark source
187030 November – the first unofficial international Association football match, England v Scotland, takes place under the approval of the Football Association (FA) at The Oval, London. The Scotland team is selected by the FA from players in the London area with Scottish connections.Scotland source
1870December 31 – Sir Henry Barkly is appointed Governor of the Cape of Good Hope and High Commissioner for Southern Africa.source
1870Indian Reform Association was formed on 29 October with Keshab Chandra Sen as president. It represented the secular side of the Brahmo Samaj and included many who did not belong to the Brahmo Samaj. The objective was to put into practice some of the ideas Sen was exposed to during his visit to Great Britain.India source
1871January 28 - Japan's first Japanese-language daily newspaper, the Yokohama Mainichi Shinbun, is printed in Yokohama. (Traditional Japanese Date: Eighth Day of the Twelfth Month, Meiji 3)Japan source
1871February 9 – The United States Commission on Fish and Fisheries is founded.source
1871February 24 – The Danish Women's Society is founded to promote women's rights in Denmark; on December 15 it adopts the style Dansk Kvindesamfund.source
1871March 3 – The first American civil service reform legislation is signed into law by U.S. President Ulysses S. Grant, creating the United States Civil Service Commission.source
18713 March – German federal election, 1871Germany source
1871March 21 – John Campbell, Marquess of Lorne marries Princess Louise, a daughter of Queen Victoria, at Windsor; she is the first legitimate daughter of a British monarch to marry a subject since 1515.source
1871April 10 – In Brooklyn, New York, P. T. Barnum opens his three-ring circus, hailing it as "The Greatest Show on Earth".source
1871April 11 - Funeral of Prince Alexander John of Wales at St Mary Magdalene Church, Sandringhamsource
187115 June - Chilean presidential election, 1871Chile source
1871June 17– The Parsons Sun newspaper in Parsons, Kansas is founded by Milton W. Reynolds and Leslie J. Perry, though the latter left after the first issue was published.source
1871June 18 – The Universities Tests Act 1871 removes restrictions which have previously limited access to Oxford, Cambridge and Durham universities to members of the Church of England.source
18715 July: New Zealand's first university, Otago opens its doors. It was absorbed into the University of New Zealand three years later.New Zealand source
1871July 13 – The first cat show is held at the Crystal Palace of London.source
1871July 20 – C. W. Alcock proposes that "a Challenge Cup should be established in connection with the Association", giving birth to the FA Cup for Association football in England.source
1871September 25 – West Chester University (Pennsylvania) is charted as West Chester Normal Schoolsource
18717 November – The Pearl wins the Melbourne CupAustralia source
18718 November – At Lyksborg Slot, Princess Thyra gives birth to a daughter, conceived in a love affair with a cavalry lieutenant. The girl is adopted by a couple in Odense shortly after birth.Denmark source
187130 November – Work on Covering of the Senne formally completed.Belgium source
1871December 24 – The opera Aida opens in Cairo, Egypt.source
1871December 25 – Reading F.C. is formed as an Association football club in England.source
1871December 26 – Thespis, the first of the Gilbert and Sullivan operas, premières in London. It does modestly well, but the two composers will not collaborate again for four years.source
1871The Harvard Summer School is founded.source
1871Seawanhaka Yacht Club founded at Centre Island, New York, one of the earliest surviving yacht clubs in the Western Hemisphere.United States source
1872February 2 – The government of the United Kingdom buys a number of forts on the Gold Coast, from the Netherlands.source
1872February 13 – Rex, the most famous parade on Mardi Gras, parades for the first time in New Orleans for Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich of Russia.source
1872February 20 – The Metropolitan Museum of Art opens in New York City.source
1872March 4 – The Boston Globe is founded in Boston, Massachusetts, as the largest newspaper of the New England region.source
1872March 9 – Alfred B. Miller and Elmer Crockett found the South Bend Tribune newspaper in the United States.source
1872March 16 – 1872 FA Cup Final: In the first ever final of the FA Cup, the world's oldest football competition, Wanderers F.C. defeat Royal Engineers A.F.C. 1–0 at The Oval in Kennington, London.source
1872April 10 – The first Arbor Day is celebrated in Nebraska.source
187215 May – Statue of Isabelle Brunelle, sculpted by Guillaume Geefs, unveiled in the garden of the Hospice d'Harscamp, Namur.Belgium source
1872May 22 – Georges Bizet's comic opera Djamileh is premièred at the Opéra-Comique in Paris, France.source
1872May – Rangers F.C., founded in March as an Association football club in Glasgow (Scotland) by brothers Moses and Peter McNeil, Peter Campbell and William McBeath, play their first ever game on the public pitches of Glasgow Green, a 0 to 0 draw against Callander.source
1872June 15 – Thomas Hardy anonymously publishes his novel Under the Greenwood Tree in England.source
1872July 4 – Tsukuba University is founded in Japan, as a teacher training college.source
1872July 15 – Hochi Mail News, later Hochi Daily News, a Japanese language newspaper, is first published in Tokyo, although it changes coverage from general news to a sports newspaper from December 1949.source
1872September 18 – Upon the death of King Charles XV and IV of Sweden-Norway, he is succeeded as King of both crowns by his brother Oscar II.source
18725 October: The Poverty Bay Standard begins publishing as a weekly newspaper in the Gisborne area. It increased its frequency over the next two years to become tri-weekly. It was later called the Gisborne Standard.New Zealand source
1872October 15 – Tongzhi, The 8th Emperor of the Qing dynasty marries Lady Alute (Empress Jiashun)source
1872October 16 – University College Wales (later to become Aberystwyth University) begins its first academic session.source
1872November 11 – U.S. government geologist Clarence King reveals the diamond hoax in Wyoming.source
1872November 16 – The first ever Metropolitan Police strike in London.source
187220 November − Eymundsson, Iceland's oldest bookstore is established.Iceland source
1872December 14 – President Ulysses S. Grant establishes the San Carlos Apache Reservation, in southeastern Arizona.source
1872Essendon Football Club is founded in Melbourne, Australia.source
1872The Kolozsvári Egyetem, predecessor of the University of Szeged, is founded.source
1872Summer: Swedish teacher, scholar, folklorist and museum director Artur Hazelius begins the Scandinavian-etnographic collection, which becomes the foundation to the Nordic Museum and Skansen open-air museum in Stockholm.source
1872The Quack wins the Melbourne CupAustralia source
1872date unknown - Recaredo Santos Tornero published in Paris Chile Ilustrado. First illustrated album of the country.Chile source
1872Ludwig Boltzmann states the Boltzmann equation for the temporal development of distribution functions in phase space, and publishes his H-theorem.Germany source
1872The Imperial Library is established.Japan source
1872Moscow State Pedagogical UniversityRussia source
187327 February - The Santiago Severín Library is founded.Chile source
1873March 15 – The Phi Sigma Kappa student fraternity is founded at the Massachusetts Agricultural College.source
1873April 4 – The Kennel Club, the world's first kennel club, is founded in the United Kingdom.source
1873May 14 – The Ohrigstad area is proclaimed a public gold field after gold is discovered in the Selati River.South Africa source
1873May 23 – The Preakness Stakes horse race is run for the first time in Baltimore.source
1873May 27 – Classical archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann discovers Priam's Treasure.source
187331 May – Priam's Treasure was discovered by classical archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann.Germany source
1873September 15 – The International Meteorological Organization (IMO) is established.source
1873September 17 – The Ohio Agricultural and Mechanical College, later Ohio State University, opens its doors with 25 students, including 2 women.source
1873September 25 – Classes begin at Drury University in Springfield, Missouri.source
1873November 18–21 – Irish Home Rule movement: The Home Government Association reconstitutes itself as the Home Rule League.source
1873November – 1873 Newfoundland general election.Canada source
1873December 19 (December 7 OS) – Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's fantasia The Tempest, composed between August and October, is premiered, in Moscow.source
1873December 23 – The Woman's Christian Temperance Union is founded, in Hillsboro, Ohio.source
187327 December – Formal opening of the Bourse Palace.Belgium source
1873Royal Montreal Club in Montreal, the first permanent golf club in North America.source
1873Toronto Argonauts (football), the oldest professional sports team still playing in North America.source
1873Itu Convention, first Republican Convention in Brazil in Itu, 18 AprilBrazil source
1873Skautafélag Reykjavíkur is founded.Iceland source
1873The Auckland and Thames football clubs adopt rugby union, having previously played association football.New Zealand source
187420 January – Royal decree providing for subsidies to the dramatic arts.Belgium source
1874January 23 – Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh, second son of Queen Victoria, marries Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia, only daughter of Tsar Alexander II of Russia, in the Grand Church of the Winter Palace in Saint Petersburg.source
1874March 18 – The Dresden English Football Club is founded, the first association football club on the European mainland.source
1874March – The Young Men's Hebrew Association in Manhattan (which will still be operating 150 years later as the 92nd Street Y) is founded.source
1874April 15–May 15 – A group of young painters, Société Anonyme Coopérative des Artistes, Peintres, Sculpteurs, Graveurs, gives their first exhibition, at the studio of the photographer Nadar in Paris. Louis Leroy's critical review of it published on 25 April gives rise to the term Impressionism for the movement, with reference to Claude Monet's Impression, Sunrise.source
1874May 9 – The first commercial horse-drawn carriage debuts in the city of Bombay, plying two routes.source
1874May 14 – First admission charge at a football game: Harvard beats University of McGill (Montreal) 3–0.source
1874May 22 – Verdi's Requiem is first performed at San Marco in Milan, marking the first anniversary of Manzoni's death.source
1874June–July - New Brunswick electionCanada source
1874July 1 – The Universal Postal Union is established.source
1874July 1 – The Philadelphia Zoo opens, the first public zoo in the United States.source
1874October 9 – The San Diego Society of Natural History, originator of the San Diego Natural History Museum, is founded in California.source
1874October 19 – The modern University of Zagreb is founded.source
1874November 2 – The first issue of Japanese-language newspaper Yomiuri Shimbun is published in Tokyo, Japan.source
1874November 6 – The University of Adelaide is founded in Australia.source
18746 November – University of Adelaide established by act of the South Australian Parliament; it opened in 1876.Australia source
1874November 7 – Harper's Weekly publishes a cartoon by Thomas Nast which is the first use of an elephant as a symbol for the Republican Party in the United States.source
1874November 9 – The Sigma Kappa sorority is founded at Colby College in Waterville, Maine, by Mary Caffrey Low, Elizabeth Gorham Hoag, Ida Fuller, Frances Mann, and Louise Helen Coburn.United States source
1874November 11 – The Gamma Phi Beta sorority is founded at Syracuse University. This is the first women's Greek letter organization to be called a sorority.source
1874November 16 – Premiere of Alfred Cellier's comic opera The Sultan of Mocha at the Prince's Theatre, Manchester.source
1874December 9 – Passage de Vénus is released as the oldest "film" in history.source
1874Heart of Midlothian (in Edinburgh).source
1874Georg Cantor's paper, Ueber eine Eigenschaft des Inbegriffes aller reellen algebraischen Zahlen ("On a Property of the Collection of All Real Algebraic Numbers") is published in Crelle's Journal, considered as the origin of set theory.Germany source
1874Reykjavik Women's Gymnasium is established.Iceland source
1874Rugby union spreads quickly, with many new clubs being formed: Ngāruawāhia, Hamilton, Cambridge, New Plymouth (Taranaki club) Hawera (Egmont club), Parnell, Grafton, Ponsonby, and Mount Hobson. Rugby was also taken up at Auckland College and Auckland Grammar School.New Zealand source
1874The Norwegian Society of Graduate Technical and Scientific Professionals, a union for graduate technical and scientific professionals, is founded.Norway source
1875January 5 – The Palais Garnier, one of the most famous opera houses in the world, is inaugurated as the home of the Paris Opera.source
1875January 24 – Camille Saint-Saëns' orchestral Danse macabre receives its première.source
18754 February – Princess Louise of Belgium marries Prince Philipp of Saxe-Coburg and GothaBelgium source
1875March 3 – Bizet's Carmen is first performed at the Opéra-Comique, Paris, France, three months before the composer's death.source
1875June 4 – Two American colleges play each other in arguably the first game of college football: Tufts University and Harvard University at Jarvis Field in Cambridge, Massachusetts.source
1875June 29 – The Artisans' and Labourers' Dwellings Improvement Act 1875 is passed in the United Kingdom, to permit slum clearance.source
1875August 6 – Hibernian F.C. is founded by Irishmen in Edinburgh, Scotland.source
1875August 14 – The Genootskap van Regte Afrikaners (Association of True Afrikaners) is formed at the home of Gideon Malherbe in Paarl.South Africa source
187516 August – The Hermannsdenkmal was inaugurated in Detmold.Germany source
1875September 24 – The 1864 play Heath Cobblers by Aleksis Kivi is premiered for the first time in Oulu, Finland.source
1875September – English Association football team Birmingham City F.C. is founded as Small Heath Alliance in Birmingham by a group of cricketers from Holy Trinity Church, Bordesley, playing its first match in November.source
1875October 16 – Brigham Young University is founded in Provo, Utah.source
1875October 25 – The first performance of the Piano Concerto No. 1 by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky is given in Boston, Massachusetts, with Hans von Bülow as soloist.source
187528 October: Inauguration of the National Pantheon.Venezuela source
1875October 30 – The Theosophical Society is founded in New York by Helena Blavatsky, Henry Steel Olcott, William Quan Judge, and others.source
1875November 5 – Blackburn Rovers F.C. is founded in England by two old-boys of Shrewsbury School following a meeting at the Leger Hotel, Blackburn.source
1875November 29 – Dōshisha English School, predecessor of Dōshisha University, is founded in Kyōto, Japan.source
1875December 9 – The Massachusetts Rifle Association, America's oldest active gun club, is formed.source
1875December 25 – The first Edinburgh derby in Association football is played: Heart of Midlothian F.C. wins 1–0 against Hibernian F.C.source
1875The opening of Flushing High School, the oldest public high school in New York City.source
1875At Wimbledon, Henry Cavendish Jones convinces the All England Croquet Club to replace a croquet lawn with a lawn tennis court.source
1875Wollomai wins the Melbourne Cup; the cup was held on the first Tuesday in November for this first time this yearAustralia source
1875date unknown - The Liberal Party (Chile, 1875-1891) is founded.Chile source
1875Rugby union begins in Timaru, Temuka, Blenheim, Picton, Greymouth (with the formation of new clubs) and Napier where the club formed in 1874 adopted rugby rules.New Zealand source
1875First football match in the country.Portugal source
1876January 15 – Die Patriot, the first Afrikaans newspaper, begins to be published in Paarl.South Africa source
1876February 2 – The National League of Professional Base Ball Clubs is formed at a meeting in Chicago; it replaces the National Association of Professional Base Ball Players. Morgan Bulkeley of the Hartford Dark Blues is selected as the league's first president.source
1876February 22 – Johns Hopkins University is founded in Baltimore, Maryland.source
1876February 24 – The first stage production of the verse-play Peer Gynt by Henrik Ibsen premieres, with incidental music by Edvard Grieg, in Christiania (modern-day Oslo), Norway.source
1876February–March – The Harvard Lampoon humor magazine is founded in Cambridge, Massachusetts.source
187628 March – Classes commence at the University of Adelaide.Australia source
1876April 17 – Friends Academy is founded by Gideon Frost at Locust Valley, New York.source
1876May 10 – The Centennial Exposition begins in Philadelphia.source
1876May 30 – The Ems Ukaz, a secret decree, is issued by Tsar Alexander II of Russia in the German city of Bad Ems, aimed at stopping the printing and distribution of Ukrainian-language publications in the Russian Empire.source
1876June 6 – The Association of Medical Officers of American Institutions for Idiotic and Feebleminded Persons, later known as the American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, is founded when several directors led by Édouard Séguin, inspired by Centennial events, meet to improve the lives of those with disabilities.source
187615 June - Chilean presidential election, 1876Chile source
1876July 4 – The United States Centennial Exposition is celebrated across the country.source
1876August 6 – The first issue of Arabic language newspaper Al-Ahram is published by Saleem and Beshara Takla in Alexandria, Muhammad Ali dynasty (modern-day Egypt).source
1876August 13 – A performance of Wagner's Das Rheingold opens the first Ring cycle at the first Bayreuth Festival.source
1876August 14 – Prairie View A&M University, at the time named Alta Vista Agriculture & Mechanical College of Texas for Colored Youth, is founded, the first state-supported HBCU in the state of Texas.source
1876September 5 – British Prime Minister William Gladstone publishes his Bulgarian Horrors pamphlet.source
187627 September – Opening of the International Congress of Hygiene and Life-Saving Equipment in Brussels, as part of the International Exhibition of Hygiene.Belgium source
1876October 6 – The American Library Association is founded in Philadelphia.source
1876November 4 – The long-awaited First Symphony of Johannes Brahms has its première at Karlsruhe, under the baton of Otto Dessoff.source
1876December 6 – The first cremation in the United States takes place, in a crematory built by Francis Julius LeMoyne at North Franklin Township, Pennsylvania.source
1876December 23 – Constantinople Conference opens.source
1876December – The first American edition of Mark Twain's The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is published by the American Publishing Company; a British edition has appeared in early June in London with the first review appearing on June 24 in a British magazine.source
1876The Conchological Society of Great Britain & Ireland is founded.source
1876Stockport Lacrosse Club, thought to be the oldest existing lacrosse club in the world, is founded at Cale Green Cricket Club in Davenport, near Manchester in England, where they will still be playing in the 21st century.source
1876The Augusteum art museum is founded in OldenburgGermany source
1876Rugby clubs were founded in Marton, Bulls, and Sanson, Oamaru, Hawera, Pātea, Invercargill, Otautau, Riverton, Greytown, Masterton, Rangiora, Waimate, Kaiapoi and Te Awamutu.New Zealand source
1876Associação Académica de Coimbra – O.A.F. foundedPortugal source
1876Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's patriotic Slavonic March makes its premiere in Moscow.Russia source
18777 January – The weekly Illustreret Familie Journal, now Familie Journalen, is published for the first time.Denmark source
1877February 28 – University of Manitoba founded.Canada source
1877March 4 – Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's ballet Swan Lake debuts in Moscow.source
1877March 24 – For the only time in history, The Boat Race between the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge is declared a "dead heat" (i.e., a draw).source
1877March – The Nineteenth Century magazine is founded in London.source
1877April 10 – The first human cannonball act in the British Isles, and perhaps the world, is performed by 17-year-old Rossa Matilda Richter ("Zazel") at the London Royal Aquarium.source
1877April 12 – The University of Tokyo is officially established in Japan.source
187725 April - The local newspaper Agder Flekkefjords Tidende was first published.Norway source
1877May 8–11 – At Gilmore's Gardens in New York City, the first Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show is held.source
187717 May – Victorian Football Association founded.Australia source
1877June 15 – Henry Ossian Flipper becomes the first African American cadet to graduate from the U.S. Military Academy.source
1877July 9–19 – The All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club stages the first Wimbledon Championships in lawn tennis. English cricketer Spencer Gore becomes first Wimbledon gentlemen's singles champion (the only event held).source
187719 August – Plantin-Moretus Museum opens to the public.Belgium source
1877November 14 – Henrik Ibsen's first contemporary realist drama The Pillars of Society is premièred at the Odense Teater.source
1877November 22 – The first college lacrosse game is played between New York University and Manhattan University.source
1877November 22 – The first college lacrosse game is played between New York University and Manhattan College.United States source
1877December 16 – The premiere of Bruckner's Symphony No. 3 is given by the Vienna Philharmonic. Many of the audience walk out.source
1877December 30 – The premiere of Brahms' Symphony No. 2 is given by the Vienna Philharmonic under the baton of Hans Richter.source
1877Celebrations in darbars are held in India now that Queen Victoria is Empress of India.India source
1877The following rugby clubs were formed: Athletic (Wellington), Waverley, Merivale, Leeston, Southbridge, Rakaia, and Otago University.New Zealand source
1878January 28 – The Yale News becomes the first daily college newspaper in the U.S.source
1878February 23 – Gajanan Maharaj appears at Shegaon, Maharashtra.source
1878February 28 – Mississippi State University is created by the Mississippi Legislature (under the name The Agricultural and Mechanical College of the State of Mississippi).source
1878March 28 – Electric lights are first used at Westminster Palace.source
1878April 20 – The Stawell Gift sprint is run for the first time in Australia.source
187822 April – The Stawell Gift is run for the first time on Easter Monday in April.Australia source
1878May 1–November 10 – Exposition Universelle, a world's fair, is staged in Paris. In June some parts of the city are first lit by 'Yablochkov candles' (arc lamps) and on June 30 the head of the Statue of Liberty goes on display there.source
1878May 25 – Gilbert and Sullivan's comic opera H.M.S. Pinafore debuts in London at the Opera Comique, with a first run of 571 performances.source
1878June 10 – The League of Prizren is officially founded "to struggle in arms to defend the wholeness of the territories of Albania".source
1878June 15 – Eadweard Muybridge produces the first sequence of stop-motion still photographs The Horse in Motion in California (a predecessor of silent film), demonstrating that all four feet of a galloping horse are off the ground at the same time.source
1878June – The New Brunswick election.Canada source
1878July 4 – A match race between champion thoroughbred racehorses Ten Broeck and Mollie McCarty draws more than 30,000 fans to Louisville, and inspires the folk song, "Molly and Tenbrooks".source
1878September 2 — Creighton University, a Jesuit university in Omaha, Nebraska, is founded.United States source
1878September 20 – The Hindu, an Indian newspaper, is founded.source
187820 September – The Hindu, an Indian newspaper, was founded.India source
187821 December – Princess Thyra of Denmark is wed to Ernest Augustus, Crown Prince of Hanover in Copenhagen. The couple continue to Fredensborg Palace after the wedding ceremony.Denmark source
1878The Johns Hopkins University Press, America's oldest university press.source
1878Leo Tolstoy's novel Anna Karenina is published complete in book form in Moscow.source
1878Ipswich Town Football Club, formed as amateur club Ipswich A.F.C. They will not turn professional until 1936.source
187822-25 August – Twenty-fifth wedding anniversary celebrations of King Leopold II and Queen Marie-Henriette, including a parade of 23,000 school children on 23 August.Belgium source
1878Stieglitz Museum of Applied ArtsRussia source
1878Football – The Welsh Cup competition takes place for the first time, and is won by Wrexham.Wales source
1879January 1 – Brahms' Violin Concerto is premiered in Leipzig with Joseph Joachim as soloist and the composer conducting.source
1879February 4 – Prince Edward Island election: William Wilfred Sullivan's Conservatives win a third consecutive majority.Canada source
1879March 3 – United States Geological Survey is founded.source
1879March 25 – Dvořák's Symphony No. 5 in F major, Op. 76, B. 54, is premiered (four years after being written) in Prague with Adolf Čech conducting.source
187921 April – From 1879 the eight-hour day was a public holiday in Victoria; it celebrated the stonemasons' strike in 1856.Australia source
1879May 2 – The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (Partido Socialista Obrero Español) is founded clandestinely at the Casa Labra tavern in Madrid, by printer Pablo Iglesias.source
1879May 10 – The Archaeological Institute of America (AIA) is formed.source
187926 July: The first union in New Zealand, Canterbury Rugby Football Union, is formed at Timaru, incorporating Christchurch, Christ's College, Temuka, North Canterbury, Eastern, South Canterbury, Ashburton, and Southbridge rugby clubs.New Zealand source
1879August 21 – Claimed apparition to local people at Knock, County Mayo, Ireland, of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Saint Joseph, Saint John the Evangelist and Jesus Christ (as the Lamb of God).source
1879September 23 – The Macedo-Romanian Cultural Society is founded.source
1879September 26 – Wilhelm Marr founds the Antisemitenliga (League of Antisemites), the first German organization committed specifically to combating the alleged threat to German culture posed by Jews.source
187926 September – Wilhelm Marr founds the Antisemitenliga (League of Antisemites), the first German organization committed specifically to combating the alleged threat to German culture posed by Jews.Germany source
1879September – Henry George self-publishes his major work Progress and Poverty.source
1879October 1 – University of Nebraska Cornhusker Marching Band is founded in Lincoln, Nebraska. The group will go on to perform the first football halftime show in 1892 and, under Director Donald A. Lentz, invent Band Day.source
1879October 13 – The first female students are admitted to study for degrees of the University of Oxford in England, at the new Lady Margaret Hall and Somerville Hall, and with the Society of Oxford Home-Students.source
1879October 17 – Sunderland Association Football Club is formed by a group of schoolteachers in northeast England.source
1879November – Land is acquired for Simmons College of Kentucky, a historically black school, established as a Baptist institution.source
1879December 31 – Gilbert and Sullivan's comic opera The Pirates of Penzance opens at the Fifth Avenue Theatre in New York City (following a token performance the day before for U.K. copyright reasons in Paignton, Devon).source
1879Gottlob Frege publishes Begriffsschrift, eine der arithmetischen nachgebildete Formelsprache des reinen Denkens in Halle, a significant text in the development of mathematical logic.source
1879José Hernández publishes La Vuelta de Martín Fierro, the second and final part of his epic poem.Argentina source
1879St. John's College (Shanghai) founded Local Community in the Era of Social Media Technologies: A Global ApproachChina source
1879Henrik Ibsen (while living in Italy) publishes A Doll's HouseNorway source
1879The Kharkov Mathematical Society is formed.Russia source
188022 January – Toowong State School is founded in Queensland.Australia source
1880February 14 – The wife of the governor general, The Princess Louise, Marchioness of Lorne, is seriously injured when the viceregal sleigh overturns on a Rudolph Ottawa street.Canada source
18807 March – Reception in the winter garden at Royal Palace of Laken to celebrate the engagement of Princess Stéphanie of Belgium to Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria.Belgium source
1880March 19 – The horse Empress and its jockey, Tommy Beasley, win the 1880 Grand Nationalsource
1880March 20 – For the first and last time in its history, the annual side-by-side rowing race between the 8-member teams of University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge on the River Thames is postponed. The call comes because of a thick fog that makes visibility impossible. Two days later, Oxford wins the race by 3+3⁄4 lengths.source
1880April 27 – The Royal University of Ireland is founded by charter, allowing the Catholic University of Ireland to re-form as University College Dublin.source
1880May – The funeral of Icelandic independence movement leader Jón Sigurðsson takes place.Iceland source
188026 September – Aarhus Gymnastikforening is founded.Denmark source
1880September: The Waikato Mail begins publishing in Cambridge. The newspaper is produced three times a week. It ceases to publish in 1883.New Zealand source
1880October 6 – The University of Southern California opens its doors to 53 students and 10 faculty.source
1880October 28 – The first stone is laid for the Clarkson Memorial in Wisbech, England.source
1880November 22 – Vaudeville actress Lillian Russell makes her debut at Tony Pastor's Theatre, in New York City.source
1880The Department of Scientific Temperance Instruction, of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union, is established in the United States.source
1880Rugby union – Cwmbran RFC and Crumlin RFC are founded.Wales source
1881February 13 – The first issue of the feminist newspaper La Citoyenne is published by Hubertine Auclert in Paris.source
1881February 22 – Cleopatra's Needle is erected in Central Park, New York City.United States source
188112 March – The Welsh Rugby Union is formed as the Welsh Football Union in a meeting in Neath.Wales source
1881March 31 – Edward Rudolf founds the 'Church of England Central Society for Providing Homes for Waifs and Strays' (later The Children's Society).source
1881April 11 – Spelman College is established in Atlanta, Georgia.source
1881April 21 – The University of Connecticut is founded as the Storrs Agricultural School.source
1881April 25 – Caulfield Grammar School is founded in Melbourne, Australia.source
188110 May – Princess Stéphanie of Belgium marries Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria, in the Augustinian Church, Vienna.Belgium source
188110 May – Carol I is crowned King of Romania.Romania source
1881May 21 – The American Red Cross is established by Clara Barton.source
1881May 21 – The United States Tennis Association is established by a small group of tennis club members; the first U.S. Tennis Championships are played this year.source
1881May 22 (May 10 Old Style) – Prince Karl of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen is crowned King of Romania.source
1881July 4 – Tuskegee Institute opens in Alabama.source
1881July 7 – The first episode of Carlo Collodi's The Adventures of Pinocchio is published in Italy.source
1881July 14–20 – The London Social Revolutionary Congress is held; delegates include Marie Le Compte, Peter Kropotkin, Errico Malatesta, Saverio Merlino, Louise Michel, Nikolai Tchaikovsky and Émile Gautier.source
188125 August – Edinburgh Royal Review of Volunteers ("The Wet Review"): Large numbers of Volunteer Forces from all over Scotland parade before Queen Victoria in Holyrood Park on a day of prolonged heavy rainfall.Scotland source
18811 September – Rysensteen Gymnasium is established in Copenhagen.Denmark source
1881September 12 – Francis Howell High School (Howell Institute) in St. Charles, Missouri, and Stephen F. Austin High School in Austin, Texas, open on the same day, putting them in a tie for the title of the oldest public high school west of the Mississippi River.source
1881October 29 – The satirical magazine Judge is first published in the United States.source
1881November 9 – Brahms' Piano Concerto No. 2 premieres in Budapest with the composer as soloist.source
1881November 11 – The Clarkson Memorial to an anti-slavery campaigner in Wisbech (England) is completed and unveiled to the public.source
1881November – Newcastle United F.C. is founded in the northeast of England as Stanley F.C., with a further name change to Newcastle East End F.C. the following year.source
1881Meiji Law School, predecessor of Meiji University, is founded in Yurakucho, Tokyo, Japan.source
1881Culford School, a public school in Suffolk, England, is founded as the East Anglian School for Boys.source
1881The Vocational and Technical College of Tokyo, later Tokyo Institute of Technology, is founded in Japan.source
1881Leyton Orient F.C. is founded in London.source
1881Tokyo Law College, predecessor of Hosei University, is founded in Japan.source
1881Setakaryancha Asuda(the whip-cord of the peasantry)India source
1881Norwegian playwright, Henrik Ibsen's, Ghosts, is released.Norway source
1882February 3 – American showman P. T. Barnum acquires the elephant Jumbo from the London Zoo.source
188225 February - John Price becomes the first Welsh footballer to score a hat-trick in an international match, when he produces four of the goals in a 7–1 win against Ireland.Wales source
1882March 28 – Republican Jules Ferry makes primary education in France free, non-clerical (laique) and obligatory.source
18823 April – The National Archives of Iceland is established.Iceland source
1882May 18 – Burnley F.C. in Northern England changes codes, from rugby football to association football.source
188223 June – Kiel Week in Kiel started.Germany source
1882Ferdinand von Lindemann publishes his proof of the transcendentality of pi.source
1882June – St. Andrew's Ambulance Association is officially founded with a constitution being adopted at a general meeting in Glasgow.Scotland source
18821 July – Last stone laid of Palais de Justice, Brussels (formally opened 1883)Belgium source
1882July 26 – Richard Wagner's opera Parsifal debuts, at the Bayreuth Festspielhaus in Bavaria.source
1882August 20 – Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's 1812 Overture debuts in Moscow.source
188229 August – The Australian cricket team beats England for the first time in a test match at The Oval in London. A mock obituary appears in the next day's Sporting Times, mourning "the death of English cricket", which leads to the creation of The Ashes.Australia source
1882September 5 – Tottenham Hotspur F.C. is founded (as Hotspur F.C.) in London.source
1882September 13 – Selwyn College, Cambridge, is founded after Queen Victoria grants a Charter of Incorporation.source
1882September – Redpath's McGee Illustrated Weekly newspaper changes its name to Redpath's Illustrated Weekly.United States source
1882October 5 – The Society for Ethical Culture of Chicago (the modern-day Ethical Humanist Society of Chicago) is founded by Felix Adler.source
1882October 14 – The University of the Punjab at Lahore (British India), is founded in modern-day Pakistan.source
1882October 21 – Waseda University is founded by Shigenobu Ōkuma in Japan as Tokyo Specializing School.source
1882October 21 – The Canadian Rugby Football Union is founded. {Reference is needed. The link cited as well as the Rugby Canada Wiki note different years (1880 and 1884 respectively)}Canada source
1882Christchurch Rangers, the earliest predecessor of Queens Park Rangers F.C., in London;source
1882Thames Ditton Lawn Tennis Club, the oldest lawn tennis club still on its original site, in the outer London suburbs;source
188330 January – England defeats Australia 2–1 in the 1882–83 Test cricket series, reclaiming "The Ashes" of English cricket.Australia source
1883February 16 – The Ladies' Home Journal is published for the first time, in the United States.source
1883February 28 – The first vaudeville theater is opened, in Boston, Massachusetts.source
1883February – The Adventures of Pinocchio by Carlo Collodi is first published complete in book form, in Italy.source
1883March 9 – Demonstration of 9 March 1883 : Parisian anarchists, unemployed and carpenters narrowly miss the Presidential palace during a violent protest; first use of the black flag as a symbol of anarchism by Louise Michel.source
1883April 28 – The first rugby sevens tournament is played at Melrose RFC in Scotland.source
1883May 23 – Robert Louis Stevenson's children's pirate adventure novel Treasure Island is first published in book format, in London.source
1883June 30 – Robert Louis Stevenson's novel The Black Arrow first appears as a serial in the British magazine Young Folks; A Boys' and Girls' Paper of Instructive and Entertaining Literature as by 'Captain George North'. Stevenson completes writing it at the end of the summer in France.source
1883August 29 – Dunfermline Carnegie Library, the first Carnegie library, is opened in Andrew Carnegie's hometown, Dunfermline, Scotland.source
1883August 31 – The Calgary Herald publishes its first issueCanada source
1883August – King William's College is opened on the Isle of Man.source
1883September 5 – Mary F. Hoyt becomes the first woman appointed to the U.S. federal civil service (and the second person appointed by examination (in which she came top) instituted under the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act) when she becomes a clerk in the Bank Redemption Agency of the Department of the Treasury.United States source
1883September 15 – The Bombay Natural History Society is founded in India.source
1883September 15 – The University of Texas at Austin opens to students.source
188315 September – Bombay Natural History Society foundedIndia source
1883September: The Waikato Mail ceases publication. The Cambridge newspaper started in 1880.New Zealand source
1883October 1 – Sydney Boys High School is founded in Sydney, Australia, the country's first state high school.source
1883October 4 – The Boys' Brigade (the first uniformed youth organization in existence) is founded in Glasgow, Scotland.source
1883October 24 – Cardiff University, Wales, opens (under the name of University College of South Wales and Monmouthshire).source
188328 October – Founding meeting of the art association Les XX.Belgium source
1883November 14 – Chile's National Library of Congress is founded.source
1883November 28 – Whitman College is chartered as a 4-year college in Walla Walla, Washington.source
1883December 1 – Battleford Industrial School, the first government-operated Indian residential school opens in Canada.source
1883December 26 – The Harbour Grace Affray takes place in Harbour Grace, Colony of Newfoundland.source
1883The first purebred Percheron (horse) stud book is created in France.source
1883The Suermondt-Ludwig-Museum in Aachen is opened.Germany source
1883The novel Bondestudentar (English: Peasant students), written by Arne Garborg, is published.Norway source
1884January 2: The Brazilian Spiritist Federation is founded in Rio de Janeiro.Brazil source
1884January 4 – The Fabian Society is founded in London to promote gradualist social progress.source
1884January 5 – Gilbert and Sullivan's comic opera Princess Ida, a satire on feminism, premières at the Savoy Theatre, London.source
1884January 18 – William Price attempts to cremate his dead baby son, Iesu Grist, in Wales. Later tried and acquitted on the grounds that cremation is not contrary to English law, he is thus able to carry out the ceremony (the first in the United Kingdom in modern times) on March 14, setting a legal precedent.source
1884February 1 – A New English Dictionary on historical principles, part 1 (edited by James A. H. Murray), the first fascicle of what will become The Oxford English Dictionary, is published in England.source
1884February 5 – Derby County Football Club is founded in England.source
1884February – First exhibition of Les XX opensBelgium source
188413 March – Daisy Bates married Breaker Morant.Australia source
188430 March — Reshuffle in the Depretis government. Depretis moves closer to the Historical Right to broaden his parliamentary base. The financial policy of the Historical Left, which was much less rigorous than that of the Right, led to a resurgence of the deficit in the State budget.Italy source
188411 May - Establishment of the Museu Nacional de Belas-Artes e Arqueologia.Portugal source
1884June 4 (N.S.) (May 23 O.S.) – The future flag of Estonia is consecrated as the flag of the Estonian Students' Society.source
1884June 28 – The Norwegian Association for Women's Rights (Norsk Kvinnesaksforening) is founded. Also this year, the Fredrika Bremer Association (Fredrika Bremer Förbundet) is founded in Sweden for the same purpose.source
1884July 23 – The first tennis tournaments, held in the grounds of Shrubland Hall, Leamington Spa, England, are recorded in today's Courier.source
1884September 5 – Staten Island Academy is founded.source
1884October 6 – The United States Naval War College is established in Newport, Rhode Island.source
1884October 18 – The University College of North Wales, Bangor, is founded in the UK.source
1884October 22 – The "Nine Graces", nine women who are the first to be awarded degrees from the Royal University of Ireland, become the first women in the United Kingdom to be awarded degrees. They include Alice Oldham, Isabella Mulvany and Charlotte M. Taylor.source
1884October 30 – Hosay massacre in Trinidad: British colonial authorities fire on Indian indentured labourers marking a religious festival, killing at least 9.source
1884November 1 – Leicester City F.C. play their first match, as Leicester Fosse Football Club, in England.source
1884November 1 – The Irish Gaelic Athletic Association is founded in Thurles, Ireland.source
1884November 3 – Imvo Zabantsundu (Xhosa: The Native People's Opinion of South Africa), South Africa's first newspaper by and for Black people, is founded by John Tengo Jabavu in King William's Town.South Africa source
1884December 6 – The Third Reform Act widens the adult male electorate in the United Kingdom to around 60%.source
1884December 6 – The Washington Monument is completed in Washington, D.C., becoming the tallest structure in the world at this date.source
1884December 10 – Mark Twain's Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is first published, in London.source
1884December 30 – Anton Bruckner's Symphony No. 7 is premiered in Leipzig, bringing the composer his first great success.source
1884Police training schools are established in every prefecture in Japan.source
1884The National Gallery of Iceland is founded in Copenhagen, Denmark.Iceland source
1884Establishment of Academicheskaya DachaRussia source
1885February 18 – Mark Twain publishes Adventures of Huckleberry Finn in the United States.United States source
1885February 20 – The Richmond Football Club is officially formed at the Royal Hotel in the Melbourne suburb of Richmond, Victoria.source
1885February 21 – United States President Chester A. Arthur dedicates the Washington Monument.source
1885March 14 – Gilbert and Sullivan's comic opera The Mikado opens, at the Savoy Theatre in London.source
1885March 26 – First legal cremation in England: widowed painter Jeanette Pickersgill of London, "well known in literary and scientific circles", is cremated by the Cremation Society at Woking, Surrey.source
1885April 11 – Luton Town Football Club is created by the merger of (Luton) Wanderers F.C. and Luton Excelsior F.C. in England.source
1885April 22 – Dvořák's Symphony No. 7 is premiered at St James's Hall in London with the composer himself conducting.source
1885May 2 – Good Housekeeping magazine goes on sale for the first time in the United States.source
188513 May – Aalborg Boldspilklub is founded.Denmark source
18851 June: The Cambridge News starts publication. It is produced three times a week. The newspaper closed in 1889.New Zealand source
1885June 2 – Dunfermline Athletic F.C. is officially formed at the Old Inn, Dunfermline, Scotland.source
18855 June - The Academia Chilena de la Lengua is founded.Chile source
1885September 8 – Saint Thomas Academy is founded in Minnesota.source
1885September 12 – Arbroath F.C. defeats Bon Accord F.C. in Scotland, 36-0, the highest score ever in professional football.source
1885October 3 – Millwall F.C. is founded by workers on the Isle of Dogs in London, as Millwall Rovers.source
1885October 13 – The Georgia Institute of Technology is established in Atlanta as the Georgia School of Technology.source
1885October 25 – Brahms's Symphony No. 4 is premiered in Meiningen, Germany, with the composer himself conducting.source
18853 November – Sheet Anchor wins the Melbourne Cup.Australia source
1885Chuo Law College, as predecessor of Chuo University, founded in Kanda, Tokyo, Japan.source
1885The Home Insurance Building in Chicago, designed by William Le Baron Jenney, is completed. With ten floors and a fireproof weight-bearing metal frame, it is regarded as the first skyscraper.source
1885John Ormsby publishes his new English translation of Don Quixote, acclaimed as the most scholarly made up to that time. It will remain in print through the 20th century.source
1885Camp Dudley, the oldest continually running boys' camp in the United States, is founded.source
1885Canada outlaws the potlatch ceremony among Northwest Coast tribes. The law, often ignored, is repealed in 1951.Canada source
1885Fra Kristiania-Bohêmen, novel by Hans Jæger, is first published.Norway source
1885Date unknown - Johanna Hedén founded Göteborgs Barnmorskesällskap (The Gothenburg Midwifery Association), the first union for women in Sweden.Sweden source
1886January 5–9 – Robert Louis Stevenson's novella Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde is published in New York and London.source
1886January 18 – Modern field hockey is born with the formation of The Hockey Association in England.source
1886February 11 – The Anti-Chinese League of the City of Napa is formed.source
1886March 23 – Tchaikovsky’s Manfred symphony premieres in Moscow, Russia.source
1886April – The Swedish Dress Reform Society is established.source
1886May 1 – A general strike begins in the United States, which escalates on May 4 into the Haymarket affair in Chicago, and eventually wins the eight-hour day for workers.source
1886May 17 – Motherwell Football Club is founded in Scotland.source
1886June 2 – U.S. President Grover Cleveland marries Frances Folsom in the White House (Washington, D.C.), becoming the only President of the United States to wed in the executive mansion. She is 27 years his junior.source
188612 June – William Spence chairs a meeting of shearers in Ballarat, Victoria at which the Australian Shearers Union is formed, an ancestor of the Australian Workers' Union.Australia source
188615 June - Chilean presidential election, 1886Chile source
1886June 25 – Arturo Toscanini makes his conducting debut, with an Italian opera company visiting Rio de Janeiro.source
1886June 30 – The Royal Holloway College for women is opened by Queen Victoria, near London, England.source
18868 July – Royal decree establishing Royal Flemish Academy of Language and LiteratureBelgium source
1886September 1 – Grasshopper Club Zürich is founded as the first football club in the Swiss city of Zürich by English students.source
1886November 1 – The biggest Buddhist boys' school in Sri Lanka, Ananda College, is founded in Colombo.source
1886November 3 – In the British Raj, what will become one of the biggest boys' schools in Pakistan, Aitchison College, Lahore, is founded under the auspices of Sir Charles Umpherston Aitchison.source
1886November 30 – The Folies Bergère stages its first revue in Paris.source
1886December 11 – London Association football club Arsenal, founded as Dial Square by workers at the Royal Arsenal in Woolwich, play their first match (on the Isle of Dogs). The club is renamed Royal Arsenal soon afterwards, supposedly on December 25.source
188620 December – William, Prince of Hohenzollern renounces his heirship to the throne in favour of his younger brother Ferdinand.Romania source
1886Bedford Rugby Club is formed in England.source
1886Emily Ruete publishes her landmark memoir, Memoirs of an Arabian Princess: An Autobiography.source
1886Neuschwanstein Castle is completed.Germany source
1886Births, Deaths and Marriages Registration ActIndia source
1886Completion of the Monument to the Restorers, in Restauradores Square, Lisbon.Portugal source
1886Grasshopper Football Club is founded.Switzerland source
1887January 21 – The Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) is formed in the United States.source
1887February 5 – The Giuseppe Verdi opera Otello premieres at La Scala, Milan.source
1887March 7 – North Carolina State University is established, as North Carolina College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts.source
1887April 1 – The final of the first All-Ireland Hurling Championship is held.source
1887April 4 – Argonia, Kansas, elects Susanna M. Salter as the first female mayor in the United States.source
1887April 10 (Easter Sunday) – The Catholic University of America is founded in Washington, D.C.source
1887April 20 – Occidental College is founded in Los Angeles, California.source
1887May 5 – Ricardo Palma founds the Peruvian Academy of Language.source
1887May 14 – The cornerstone of the new Stanford University, in northern California, is laid (the college opens in 1891).source
1887June 20 – The British Empire celebrates Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee, marking the 50th year of her reign.source
1887June 20 – Golden Jubilee of Victoria's accession as QueenCanada source
1887June 29 – The United Retail Federation is established in Brisbane, Australia.source
1887June – The Clube Militar, founded by Benjamin Constant and Deodoro da Fonseca, holds its first meeting.Brazil source
1887The Stellenbosch Gymnasium, later to become the Stellenbosch University, changes its name to Victoria College, after Queen Victoria.South Africa source
1887July 12 – Odense Boldklub, the Danish football team, is founded as the Odense Cricket Club.source
1887July 26 – L. L. Zamenhof publishes "Unua Libro" (Dr. Esperanto's International Language), the first description of Esperanto, the constructed international auxiliary language.source
1887August 13 – Hibernian F.C. of Scotland defeats Preston North End F.C. of England to win the 'Championship of the World', after the two teams win the Association football Cup competitions in their respective countries.source
188729 September – Football club Hamburger SV was founded.Germany source
1887October 3 – Florida A&M University opens in Tallahassee, Florida.source
1887October 18 – Johannes Brahms conducts the premiere of his Double Concerto, composed for violinist Joseph Joachim and cellist Robert Hausmann.source
1887November 3 – The Coimbra Academic Association, the students' union of the University of Coimbra in Portugal, is founded.source
1887November 6 – The Association football club Celtic F.C. is formed in Glasgow, Scotland, by Irish Marist Brother Walfrid, to help alleviate poverty in the city's East End by raising money for his charity, the 'Poor Children's Dinner Table'.source
1887Arthur Conan Doyle's detective character Sherlock Holmes makes his first appearance, in the novel A Study in Scarlet, published in Beeton's Christmas Annual.source
1887December 4 – Örgryte IS, the Swedish football team is founded by Wilhelm Friberg.source
1887December 5 – The International Bureau of Intellectual Property is established.source
1887The first English-language edition of Friedrich Engels' 1844 study of The Condition of the Working Class in England, translated by Florence Kelley, is published in New York City.source
1887Publication begins of Futabatei Shimei's The Drifting Cloud (Ukigumo), the first modern novel in Japan.source
1887Teachers College, later part of Columbia University, is founded.source
188726 Sept – The Celtic Club Melbourne is formed and remains today as Australia's oldest Irish ClubAustralia source
1887Brussels City Museum inauguratedBelgium source
1887Trinity College London examiners conducted music examinations in Mumbai for the first time.India source
1887Sjur Gabriel (Hellemyrsfolket), Naturalist book is written by Amalie Skram.Norway source
1888January 13 – The National Geographic Society is founded in Washington, D.C.source
1888January 21 – The Amateur Athletic Union is founded by William Buckingham Curtis in the United States.source
1888March 8 – The Agriculture College of Utah (later Utah State University) is founded in Logan, Utah.source
1888March 16 – The foundation stone for a new National Library of Greece is laid in Athens.source
1888March 20 – The first Romani language operetta premieres in Moscow, Russia.source
1888March 23 – A meeting called by William McGregor to discuss establishment of The Football League is held in London.source
1888April 6 – The first New Year's Day is observed, of the solar calendar adopted by Siamese King Chulalongkorn, with the 106th anniversary of Bangkok's founding in 1782 as its epoch (reference date).source
1888April 18 – Westminster School is founded in Simsbury, Connecticut.source
1888May 8 – The International Exhibition of Science, Art and Industry in Kelvingrove Park, Glasgow opens (continues to November).source
1888May 26 – The comic novel The Diary of a Nobody by brothers George and Weedon Grossmith begins serialization in Punch (London).source
1888June 3 – American writer Ernest Thayer's baseball poem "Casey at the Bat" is first published (under the pen name "Phin") as the last of his humorous contributions to The San Francisco Examiner.source
1888June 19 – In Chicago, the Republican Convention opens at the Auditorium Building. Benjamin Harrison and Levi P. Morton win the nominations for President and Vice President of the United States, respectively.source
188821 June – first published issue of the newspaper Jornal de NotíciasPortugal source
1888June 29 – Handel's Israel in Egypt is recorded onto wax cylinder at The Crystal Palace in London, the earliest known recording of classical music.source
1888June 30 – The Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom opens its laboratory, on Plymouth Hoe.source
1888July 2–27 – London matchgirls strike of 1888: About 200 workers, mainly teenaged girls, strike following the dismissal of three colleagues from the Bryant and May match factory, precipitated by an article on their working conditions published on June 23 by campaigning journalist Annie Besant, and the workers unionise on July 27.source
18882 July – Ion Luca Caragiale becomes Minister of Education and head of the National Theatre Bucharest. His appointment is controversial and short-lived.Romania source
1888July 25 – Frank E. McGurrin, a court stenographer from Salt Lake City, Utah, purportedly the only person using touch typing at this time, wins a decisive victory over Louis Traub in a typing contest held in Cincinnati, Ohio. This date can be called the birthday of the touch typing method that is widely used in modern times.source
1888September 8 – In England, the first six Football League matches are played.source
1888September 17 – Las Cruces College (later New Mexico State University) is founded in Las Cruces, New Mexico.source
1888October 1 – Sofia University officially opens, becoming the first university in liberated Bulgaria.source
1888October 25 – St Cuthbert's Society at the University of Durham in England is founded, after a general meeting chaired by the Reverend Hastings Rashdall.source
1888The Eastern Province Rugby Union is founded.South Africa source
1888November 27 – International sorority Delta Delta Delta is founded at Boston University in the United States.source
1888November 29 – The celebration of Thanksgiving (United States) and the first day of Hanukkah coincide.source
1888December 17 – The Lyric Theatre, London opens.source
1888The Finnish epic Kalevala is published for the first time in the English language, by American linguist John Martin Crawford.source
1888Angus & Robertson publish their first book, A Crown of Wattle, a collection of poetry by H. Peden SteelAustralia source
188826-27 August – Polydore de Keyser, Lord Mayor of London, visits DendermondeBelgium source
1888Lingnan University established in Canton, Kwangtung Province, China (now Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China). It was a private university established by a group of American missionaries in 1888China source
1888Carl Maria von Weber's opera Die drei Pintos completed posthumously by Theodor HellGermany source
1888Mixed doubles – No competitionNew Zealand source
1889January 22 – Columbia Phonograph is formed in Washington, D.C.source
188925 January – Johan Jeremiassen, ship-owner, consul and politician (born 1843)Norway source
1889February 15 – The first issue of the Filipino liberal newspaper La Solidaridad is published in Spain.source
1889February 17 – The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds is founded in Manchester (England), originally known as "The Plumage League" to campaign against the use of plumage in women's clothing.source
188926 February – Akademisk Boldklub is founded.Denmark source
1889March 11 – The North Carolina Legislature issues a charter for the creation of Elon College.source
1889March 22 – English Association football team Sheffield United F.C. is formed at the Adelphi Hotel, Sheffield. They play their first match on September 7.source
1889March 30 – Preston North End F.C. win the 1889 FA Cup final in England. Having on January 5 won the first Football League title with no defeats all season, they complete the double in Association football.source
1889April 10 – The Hammarby Roddförening (later Hammarby IF) sports club is founded in Sweden.source
188911 June – According to popular contemporary legend the archetypal pizza Margherita was invented by the Neapolitan pizzaiolo ("pizza maker") Raffaele Esposito to create a pizza in honor of the visiting Queen Margherita. The Queen strongly preferred a pizza swathed in the colors of the Italian flag — red (tomato), green (basil), and white (mozzarella).Italy source
1889July 8 – The first issue of The Wall Street Journal is published in New York City.source
1889July 8 – The last official bare-knuckle boxing title fight is held (under London Prize Ring Rules): Heavyweight Champion John L. Sullivan, the Boston Strong Boy, defeats Jake Kilrain in a world championship bout, lasting 75 rounds, in Mississippi.source
1889July 14 – International Workers Congresses of Paris open, and establish the Second International.source
1889July 31 – Louise, Princess Royal of the United Kingdom, marries Alexander Duff, 1st Duke of Fife, at Buckingham Palace in London.source
1889July – Emperor Dom Pedro II travels to Minas Gerais, demonstrating both that he is still actively engaged in government and the depth of support for the monarchy in the province.Brazil source
1889August 10 – At the Vienna Hofburg, the grand opening ceremony is held for the Imperial Natural History Museum (K.k. Naturhistorisches Hofmuseum), begun in 1871; from August 13 to the end of December, the museum counts 175,000 visitors.source
1889September 10 – Albert Honoré Charles Grimaldi becomes Albert I, Prince of Monaco.source
1889September 17 – American Civil War veteran Charles Jefferson Wright founds New York Military Academy, with 75 students on 30 acres of land in Cornwall, New York.source
18898 November – Higher Institute of Philosophy founded at Catholic University of LeuvenBelgium source
1889November 20 – Gustav Mahler premieres his Symphony No. 1, in Budapest.source
1889November 27 – Clemson University is founded in Clemson, South Carolina.source
1889November 30 - Princeton wins the Consensus College Football National ChampionshipUnited States source
1889December 14 – In U.S. college football, Wofford and Furman play the first intercollegiate football game in the state of South Carolina, starting the Furman–Wofford football rivalry.source
188921 December – The poem "Clancy of the Overflow", by Banjo Paterson, is first published in The Bulletin magazine.Australia source
1889December 23 – The Spanish Association football team Recreativo de Huelva is formed (the oldest club in Spain by the 21st century).source
1889The Wisden Cricketers' Almanack publishes its first Wisden Cricketers of the Year (actually titled Six Great Bowlers of the Year). The cricketers chosen are George Lohmann, Bobby Peel, Johnny Briggs, Charles Turner, John Ferris and Sammy Woods.source
1889Consort Jin, probably received the Jadeite Cabbage as part of her dowry for her wedding to Emperor Guangxu.China source
18906 January – A state funeral is held for the former Empress Teresa Cristina of Brazil, in Lisbon. A mass is attended by members of several European royal families.Brazil source
1890January 15 – Ballet The Sleeping Beauty, with music by Tchaikovsky, is premiered at the Imperial Mariinsky Theatre in St. Petersburg, Russia.source
1890January 25 – The United Mine Workers of America is founded.source
1890February 18 – The National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) is founded by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony.source
1890February 24 – Chicago is selected to host the World's Columbian Exposition.source
1890March 3 – The first American football game in Ohio State University history is played in Delaware, Ohio, against Ohio Wesleyansource
1890March 8 – North Dakota State University is founded in Fargo.source
1890March 27 – Preston North End retain the English Football League Championship, winning their final game at Notts Countysource
1890March 28 – Washington State University is founded in Pullman.source
1890April 14 – At the First International Conference of American States, in Washington D.C., The Commercial Bureau of the American Republics is founded.source
189030 April - Founding of the German Naval LeagueGermany source
1890May 1 – A coordinated series of mass rallies and one-day strikes is held throughout many cities and mining towns in Europe and North America, to demand an eight-hour workday.source
1890May 12 – The first ever official English County Championship cricket match begins in Bristol; Yorkshire beats Gloucestershire, by eight wickets.source
189031 May – The first Australian Championships in Athletics are held under the name Inter Colonial Meet. The men's competition is staged at the Moore Park in Sydney.Australia source
189031 May – The Teatro Massimo Bellini opera house in Catania, Sicily, named after the local-born composer Vincenzo Bellini, is inaugurated with a performance of the composer's masterwork, Norma.Italy source
1890June 20 – The Picture of Dorian Gray (by Oscar Wilde) is published by Philadelphia-based Lippincott's Monthly Magazine (dated July).source
1890July 1 – The Ouija board is first released by Elijah Bond.source
1890July 26 - Revolution of the ParkArgentina source
189014 August - Opening of Coliseu dos Recreios.Portugal source
1890September 6 – Dublin association football club Bohemian F.C. is founded in the Gate Lodge, Phoenix Park.source
1890September 12 – Salisbury, Rhodesia, is founded.source
1890September 19 – The University of North Texas is founded, as the Texas Normal College and Teacher Training Institute.source
1890October 12 – The Uddevalla Suffrage Association is founded in Sweden, with a formal founding event on November 2 a month later.source
1890October 13 – The Delta Chi fraternity is founded by 11 law students at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York.source
1890December 24 – The Oklahoma territorial legislature establishes three institutions of higher learning University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma State University, and University of Central Oklahoma.source
1890American geostrategist Alfred Thayer Mahan publishes his influential book The Influence of Sea Power upon History, 1660–1783.source
1890Unknown date – Ōshita Kaishunō, as predecessor of Fumakillar, an insecticide manufacturing and sales brand, founded in Hiroshima.Japan source
1890Founding of the Freemasons' Grand Lodge of New Zealand (April)New Zealand source
18913 January – The first edition of Unirea, the newspaper of the Romanian Greek Catholic Church, is published.Romania source
1891January 5 – The Australian shearers' strike, that leads indirectly to the foundation of the Australian Labor Party, begins.source
18915 January - The 1891 Australian shearers' strike begins, which leads to the formation of the Australian Labor Party.Australia source
1891January 9 – The great shoe strike in Rochester, New York is called off.source
189129 January – Funeral of Prince Baudouin of Belgium.Belgium source
1891February 15 – Allmänna Idrottsklubben (AIK) sports club is founded in Stockholm, Sweden.source
1891March 12 – Djurgårdens IF (DIF) sports club is founded in Stockholm.source
1891April 1 – The Wrigley Company is founded in Chicago.source
1891April 12 – The first official game in the Association football league of Argentina (1891 Argentine Primera División) is held in Caballito, Buenos Aires.source
1891May 1 – The first official Fascio dei Lavoratori was founded on Labour Day in Catania by Giuseppe de Felice Giuffrida. In Rome a rally organized by socialists and anarchists to celebrate the May 1 (International Workers' Day) claim of an eight-hour workday ends with a wave of arrests.Italy source
1891May 5 – The Music Hall in New York (later known as Carnegie Hall) has its grand opening and first public performance, with Tchaikovsky as guest conductor.source
1891October 1 – Skansen is established as the world's first open-air museum by Artur Hazelius, on the island of Djurgården in Stockholm, Sweden.source
1891October 1 – Stanford University in California opens its doors.source
18919 December – Despite government repression, a popular gathering in memory of the deceased emperor occurred takes place, organized by the Marquis of Tamandaré, Viscount of Ouro Preto, Viscount of Sinimbu, Baron of Ladário, Carlos de Laet, Alfredo d' Escragnolle Taunay, Rodolfo Dantas, Afonso Celso and Joaquim Nabuco.Brazil source
1891Seattle University is established as the Immaculate Conception school.source
1891New Mexico Military Institute is founded (as Goss Military Institute) in Roswell, New Mexico Territory.source
1891James Naismith invents basketball in the United States.source
189123–24 January – 1891 European Figure Skating Championships in HamburgGermany source
1891High jump – tie J. Hume (Wellington) and E. Laurie (Auckland)New Zealand source
1891The first tour of the British and Irish Lions to South Africa takes place. The touring side presents the Currie Cup to Griqualand West, the province that produces the best performance on the tour.South Africa source
1892March 11 – The first basketball game is played in public, between students and faculty at the Springfield, Massachusetts, YMCA before 200 spectators. The final score is 5–1 in favor of the students, with the only goal for the faculty being scored by Amos Alonzo Stagg.source
1892March 13 – Ernest Louis, a grandson of Queen Victoria, becomes Grand Duke of Hesse and the Rhine on the death of his father, Grand Duke Louis IV.source
189213 March – The first edition of the newspaper Proletarul ('Proletarian') is published.Romania source
1892March 15 – The Liverpool Football Club is founded in England by John Houlding, the owner of Anfield; Houlding decides to form his own team after Everton leaves Anfield, in an argument over rent.source
1892March 18 – Sir Frederick Stanley, Governor General of Canada, announces his intention to donate the Stanley Cup for ice hockey.source
1892March 20 – The first ever French rugby championship final takes place in Paris. Pierre de Coubertin referees the match, which Racing Club de France wins 4–3 over Stade Français.source
1892May 5 – A first issue of Chugoku Shinbun Newspaper published in Hiroshima Prefecture.Japan source
1892May 24 – Prince George (later George V of the United Kingdom) becomes Duke of York.source
1892June 3 – Liverpool Football Club officially comes into existencesource
1892June 11 – The Limelight Department, later one of the world's first film studios, is officially established in Melbourne, Australia.source
1892July 13 – The United International Bureau for the Protection of Intellectual Property (UIBPIP or BIRPI) is established in Bern, Switzerland.source
1892July 25 – The Community of the Resurrection, an Anglican religious community for men, is founded by Charles Gore and Walter Frere, initially in Oxford.source
189225 July – German football club Hertha BSC is founded in Berlin.Germany source
1892August 14 – Foundation of the Partito dei Lavoratori Italiani (Italian Workers Party) a forerunner of the Italian Socialist Party (Partito Socialista Italiano, PSI) in Genoa by Filippo Turati, Claudio Treves and Leonida Bissolati.Italy source
1892August 15 – Valparaíso, Chile founds its first football team, Santiago Wanderers.source
189215 August - The Santiago Wanderers Football Club is establishedChile source
1892August 20 – The Johannesburg Reform Committee is established by prominent Johannesburg citizens.South Africa source
1892September – Women are first admitted to Yale University's graduate school.source
1892October 1 – The University of Chicago holds its first classes.source
1892October 12 – To mark the 400th anniversary Columbus Day holiday, the "Pledge of Allegiance" is first recited in unison by students in U.S. public schools.source
1892October 31 – The first collection of Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes stories from The Strand Magazine, The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, is published in London.source
1892November 2 – The first football club in Bohemia, Slavia Praha is established, originally under name of Akademický cyklistický odbor Slavia (A.C.O.S.), focusing on cycling.source
1892November 8 – The four-day New Orleans General Strike begins.source
1892December 9 – The Newcastle East End F.C. is renamed Newcastle United F.C., following the demise of the Newcastle West End F.C. and East End's move to St James' Park, formerly West End's home, in the north east of England.source
1892December 17 – First issue of Vogue is published in the United States.source
1892December 18 – The Nutcracker ballet, with music by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, is premiered at the Imperial Mariinsky Theatre in Saint Petersburg, Russia.source
1892A 50-year-old tortoise called Timothy, previously serving as a naval mascot, is brought to the estate of Powderham Castle in England, where she lives until her death in 2004.source
1892Glenloth wins the Melbourne CupAustralia source
1892Foreign Marriage Act (British statute)India source
1893January 31– Historical American Exposition closes in MadridSpain source
1893February 1 – Thomas Edison finishes construction of the first motion picture studio in West Orange, New Jersey.source
1893February 24 – The American University is established by an Act of Congress, in Washington, D.C.source
1893March 22 – The Montreal Hockey Club wins the First Stanley Cup by defeating the Ottawa Hockey Club 3 to 1 at Montreal's Victoria RinkCanada source
1893April 8 – The first recorded college basketball game occurs in Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania, between the Geneva College Covenanters and the New Brighton YMCA.source
1893April 17 – Belgian general strike of 1893: Riots erupt in Mons; the day after, the Belgian Parliament approves universal male suffrage.source
1893April 17 – The Alpha Xi Delta Sorority is founded at Lombard College in Galesburg, Illinois.source
1893May 1 – The 1893 World's Fair, also known as the World's Columbian Exposition, opens to the public in Chicago, Illinois. The first United States commemorative postage stamps are issued for the event.source
189317 May – Premiere of Maurice Maeterlinck's Pelléas et MélisandeBelgium source
1893May 23 – Gandhi arrives in South Africa, where he will live until 1914, lead non-violent protests on behalf of Indian immigrants in the South African Republic (Transvaal), and develop a deeper experience of such activities.source
1893June 4 – The Anti-Saloon League is incorporated, originally as a state organization, in Oberlin, Ohio. On December 18, 1895, it becomes a nationwide organization. The same year, the American Council on Alcohol Problems is established, along with the Committee of Fifty for the Study of the Liquor Problem.source
1893June 6 – Wedding of Prince George, Duke of York, and Princess Mary of Teck: the future King George V of the United Kingdom marries at St James's Palace in London.source
1893June 29 – Unveiling of the Shaftesbury Memorial Fountain at Piccadilly Circus in London with its statue of Anteros.source
1893July 13 – Scottish Association football club Dundee F.C. is formed.source
1893September 7 – Genoa Cricket & Athletic Club, the oldest Italian Association football club, is formed.source
1893September 7 – The Genoa Cricket & Athletics Club, the oldest Italian soccer club, is formed by British expatriates. In its earliest years, it principally competed in athletics and cricket. Association football was secondarily practised.Italy source
1893September 11 – The World Parliament of Religions opens as an adjunct to the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago; Bengali Hindu monk Swami Vivekananda receives a standing ovation for his address in response to his welcoming.source
1893September 12 – American Temperance University begins classes in Harriman, Tennessee (it closes after 15 years, in May 1908).source
1893September 28 – The Portuguese sports club Futebol Clube do Porto is founded.source
1893October 13 – The first students enter St Hilda's College, Oxford, England, founded for women by Dorothea Beale.source
1893October 28 (October 16 O.S.) – In Saint Petersburg (Russia), Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky conducts the first performance of his Symphony No. 6 in B minor, Pathétique, nine days before his death.source
1893November 15 – FC Basel Association football club is founded in Switzerland.source
1893November 16 – Athletic club Královské Vinohrady, later Sparta Prague, is founded.source
1893November 29 — establishment of Wuhan UniversityChina source
1893December 16 – Antonín Dvořák's Symphony No. 9 (From the New World) receives its premiere at Carnegie Hall, New York City, conducted by the composer, to immediate acclaim.source
189323 December – Engelbert Humperdinck's opera Hänsel und Gretel receives its premiere in Weimar.Germany source
1893Booker T. Washington High School (Houston) is founded as "Colored High", the first African-American high school in Houston, Texas.source
1893A 16th century Ardabil Carpet from Persia enters the collection of the South Kensington Museum in London.source
1893440 yards – Norman L. Gurr (Wellington)New Zealand source
1893The Emperor Alexander III and his wife Empress Maria Feodorovna on holiday in Copenhagen.Russia source
18944 February – Hamar IF were the local technical organisers of the first official national championships of skating at Åkersvika, Mjøsa in Hamar in Norwegian Allround Championships (first champion: Einar Halvorsen) and Norwegian Figure Skating Championships (first champion: Johan Lefstad).Norway source
1894March 22 – Montreal Hockey Club defeats Ottawa to win the first Stanley Cup challenge.Canada source
1894March 25 – Coxey's Army (of the unemployed), the first significant protest march in the United States, departs from Massillon, Ohio, for Washington, D.C.source
1894April 16 – Manchester City Football Club is formed in north-west England under this name.source
1894June 23 – The International Olympic Committee is founded at the Sorbonne, Paris, at the initiative of Baron Pierre de Coubertin.source
1894July 4 – The football club FC La Chaux-de-Fonds is founded in Switzerland.source
1894August 22 – The Natal Indian Congress is founded by Mahatma Gandhi.South Africa source
1894September 4 – In New York City, 12,000 tailors strike against sweatshop working conditions.source
1894September 10 – Richard Strauss marries Pauline De Ahna.source
1894November 1 – Emperor Alexander III of Russia is succeeded by his son, Nicholas II.source
1894November 1 – The first issue of Billboard magazine is published in Cincinnati, Ohio by William Donaldson and James Hennegan. Initially, it covers the advertising and bill posting industry, and is at the time known as Billboard Advertising.source
1894November 8 – The Touring Club Ciclistico Italiano (TCCI) is founded in Milan by a group of bicyclists to promote the values of cycling and travel; its founding president is Luigi Vittorio Bertarelli.Italy source
1894November 26 – Wedding of Nicholas II of Russia and Alix of Hesse in the Grand Church of the Winter Palace at Saint Petersburg.source
1894December 6 – Kate Chopin's feminist short story "The Story of an Hour" is first published, in the American magazine Vogue.source
1894The Society of Beaux-Arts Architects is founded in the United States.source
1894Edward B. Marks and Joe Stern publish the waltz The Little Lost Child in the United States, promoting the playing of the waltz with slides projected by a magic lantern, the earliest version of music video known as the illustrated song.source
1894The Liga Femeilor Române, the first women's organisation in Romania, is founded.source
1894The novel Seven Little Australians is published by Ethel TurnerAustralia source
18944-11 August – International congress of applied chemistry held in Brussels and AntwerpBelgium source
1894The Reichstag building in Berlin is completed and opened.Germany source
1894The 2nd National Amateur Championships were held in ChristchurchNew Zealand source
1895January 12 – Britain's National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty is founded by Octavia Hill, Robert Hunter and Canon Hardwicke Rawnsley.source
1895January 15 – The first issue of the Boletin del Museo-Biblioteca de Filipinas (Bulletin of the Museum-Library of the Philippines) is published.Philippines source
18956 April - The song Waltzing Matilda is first performed at the North Gregory Hotel, Winton, Queensland.Australia source
1895April 30 – The first Venice Biennale, I Esposizione Internazionale d'Arte della Città di Venezia (1st International Art Exhibition of the City of Venice), holds its first exhibition before growing into a major contemporary art exhibition that takes place once every two years (in odd years) in Venice, Italy. The exhibition is opened by the Italian King and Queen, Umberto I and Margherita di Savoia and would be seen by 224,000 visitors.Italy source
18954 June – Stadionul Tineretului is opened in Oradea.Romania source
1895June 5 – The Liberal Revolution begins in Ecuador, making the civil war more intense in the country.source
1895July 15 – Archie MacLaren scores an English County Championship cricket record innings of 424 for Lancashire, against Somerset, at Taunton. This record lasts until 1994.source
1895July – Oldham Athletic A.F.C. is founded in England.source
1895July: The Waikato Advocate is published in Cambridge. It merged with the Waikato Times in 1896.New Zealand source
1895August 7 – The Aljaž Tower, a symbol of the Slovenes, is erected on Mount Triglav.source
1895August 10 – The first ever indoor promenade concert, origin of The Proms, is held at the Queen's Hall in London, opening a series conducted by Henry Wood.source
1895August 29 – The Northern Rugby Football Union (the modern-day Rugby Football League) is formed at a meeting of 21 rugby clubs at the George Hotel, Huddersfield, in the north of England, leading to the creation of the professional sport of rugby league football.source
1895September 7 – The first game of what will become known as rugby league football is played in England, starting the 1895–96 Northern Rugby Football Union season.source
1895September – Shelbourne F.C. is founded in Dublin, Ireland.source
1895October 2 – Peiyang University, predecessor of Tianjin University, is founded as an institution of higher education in Qing dynasty China.source
1895October 10 – The London School of Economics holds its first classes in London, England.source
1895October 19 – Nekata Bank (根方銀行), as predecessor of Suruga Bank was founded in Shizuoka Prefecture.Japan source
1895October – Rudyard Kipling publishes the story "Mowgli Leaves the Jungle Forever" in The Cosmopolitan illustrated magazine in the United States, collected in The Second Jungle Book, published in England in November.source
189513 November – Lumière brothers demonstrate the cinematograph at the Physics Museum of the Catholic University of Leuven, one of the first such demonstrations outside France.Belgium source
1895November 17 – Flamengo, a well known professional football club in Brazil, is officially founded.source
1895November 25 – Oscar Hammerstein opens the Olympia Theatre, the first theatre to be built in New York City's Times Square district.source
1895November 27 – At the Swedish-Norwegian Club in Paris, Alfred Nobel signs his last will and testament, setting aside his estate to establish the Nobel Prize after his death.source
1895November 28 – Chicago Times-Herald race: The first American automobile race in history is sponsored by the Chicago Times-Herald. Press coverage first arouses significant American interest in the automobile.source
1895December 13 – The first complete performance of Gustav Mahler's Symphony No. 2 is given, with the Berlin Philharmonic orchestra conducted by the composer.source
1895December 24 – George Washington Vanderbilt II officially opens his Biltmore Estate, inviting his family and guests to celebrate his new home in Asheville, North Carolina.source
1895December 28 – Auguste and Louis Lumière make what is probably the first commercial public screening of projected moving picture films to a paying audience, at the Salon Indien du Grand Café in Paris.source
1895The first sample fair (Mustermesse) is held at Leipzig, Germany.source
1895The first Boxer dog club is established in Germany.source
1895The first women's magazine Framsókn is founded by Ingibjörg Skaptadóttir and Sigríður Þorsteinsdóttir.Iceland source
1896January 7 – American culinary expert Fannie Farmer publishes her first cookbook.source
18967 January – Official founding of the Belgian Automobile Club.Belgium source
1896January 16 – Devonport High School for Boys is founded in Plymouth (England).source
1896February 1 – Giacomo Puccini's opera La bohème premieres in Turin, Italy.source
1896February 11 – Oscar Wilde's play Salomé (1891) has its stage premiere (while Wilde is in prison) in its original French in Paris.source
1896March 3 – Publication begins for Der Eigene, the world's first magazine with an orientation to male homosexuality, by Adolf Brand in Berlin.source
1896March 19 – Dvořák's Cello Concerto premieres, in London.source
1896April 3 – The first European sports newspaper La Gazzetta dello Sport was first published allowing it to cover the first modern 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece.Italy source
1896April 4 – The first known women's basketball game between two colleges is played between Stanford and California.source
1896April 6 – The opening ceremonies of the 1896 Summer Olympics, the first modern Olympic Games, are held in Athens, Greece.source
1896April 9 – The National Farm School (later Delaware Valley College) is chartered in Doylestown, Pennsylvania.source
189612 April – German football club Hannover 96 is founded.Germany source
1896April 23 – Blackpool Pleasure Beach, a popular English theme park ("Britain's Biggest Tourist Attraction"), is founded by Alderman William George Bean.source
1896May 8 – Cricket: Against Warwickshire, Yorkshire sets a still-standing County Championship record in England, when they accumulate an innings total of 887.source
1896July 9 – William Jennings Bryan delivers his Cross of Gold speech at the Democratic National Convention, which nominates him for president of the United States.source
1896September 2 – Clarkson University holds its first classes, with 17 students attending in Potsdam, New York.source
18963 September - Nearly 13,176 members of Ezhava community led by Padmanabhan Palpu submits a petition for rights named Ezhava Memorial before Moolam Thirunal of Travancore.India source
1896September 22 – Queen Victoria surpasses her grandfather King George III as the longest-reigning monarch in British history up to this time.source
1896October 2 – The Victorian Football League is established as Australian rules football in Australia (a predecessor of the Australian Football League).source
189613 October: First public screening of a motion picture in New Zealand, in Auckland.New Zealand source
1896October 30 – The Augusta High School cornerstone is laid in Augusta, Kentucky, marking the end of the Augusta Methodist College.source
18963 November – Newhaven wins the Melbourne Cup - the first horse-racing films produced in Australia.Australia source
1896November 27 – Richard Strauss's orchestral tone poem Also sprach Zarathustra is first performed, in Frankfurt, conducted by the composer.source
1896November 30 – Udinese Calcio Association football club is founded in Udine, Italy.source
1896December 10 – The premiere of Alfred Jarry's absurdist play Ubu Roi in Paris causes a near-riot.source
1896December 25 – John Philip Sousa composes The Stars and Stripes Forever which will become the national march of the United States.source
1896South Africa's first school of mines is opened in Kimberley. It will later form the core of the University of the Witwatersrand in Johannesburg.South Africa source
1896Racing Club de Lyon, a football club in France, is officially founded and becomes a predecessor of Olympique Lyonnais.source
18961896 World Figure Skating ChampionshipsRussia source
1897January 2 – The International Alpha Omicron Pi sorority is founded, in New York City.source
1897January 8 – Lady Flora Shaw, future wife of Governor General Lord Lugard, officially proposes the name "Nigeria" in a newspaper contest, to be given to the British Niger Coast Protectorate.source
189728 January – Early film screenings are held at the Baralt Theatre in Maracaibo, the premiere of the first Venezuelan filmsVenezuela source
1897January 31 – The Czechoslovak Trade Union Association is founded in Prague.source
1897February 19 – World's first Women's Institute founded in Stoney Creek, Ontario.Canada source
1897February 26 – The Sigma Pi fraternity is founded in Vincennes, Indiana.source
1897March 13 – San Diego State University is founded.source
1897May 14 – The Stars and Stripes Forever, an American patriotic march by John Philip Sousa, is performed for the first time.source
1897May 14 – (or May 15) – The Scientific-Humanitarian Committee (Wissenschaftlich-humanitäres Komitee, WhK) is founded in Berlin as an LGBT campaigning organization, the first such in history.source
189716 May – The Teatro Massimo in Palermo, Sicily, the third largest opera house—after the Palais Garnier in Paris and the K. K. Hof-Opernhaus in Vienna—was inaugurated with a performance of Verdi's Falstaff conducted by Leopoldo Mugnone.Italy source
1897May 26 – Irish-born theatrical manager Bram Stoker's contemporary Gothic horror novel Dracula is first published (in London); it will influence the direction of vampire literature for the following century.source
1897May 31 – On Decoration Day (later Memorial Day) the Robert Gould Shaw Memorial is dedicated in Boston. The bronze bas relief by Augustus St. Gaudens depicts the 54th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment of black Civil War soldiers.source
1897June 18 – Kyoto University is officially established in Japan.source
1897June 18 – establishment of Kyoto University under the name Kyoto Imperial University.Japan source
1897June 22 – The British Empire celebrates Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee, marking the 60th year of her reign. No other British monarch will celebrate such a jubilee until Victoria's great-great-granddaughter Elizabeth II in 2012.source
18974 September - Essendon wins the first Victorian Football League premiership.Australia source
1897October 23 – The Kappa Delta sorority is founded in Farmville, Virginia.source
189727 October - Deportes Magallanes football club is founded.Chile source
1897November 1 – Juventus FC is founded as an association football club in Turin.source
1897December 9 – The first issue of the feminist newspaper La Fronde is published by Marguerite Durand in Paris.source
1897December 12 – The comic strip The Katzenjammer Kids debuts in the New York Journal.source
1897December 28 – The play Cyrano de Bergerac, by Edmond Rostand, premieres in Paris.source
1897Alexander Scriabin publishes his Piano Sonata no. 2 "Sonata-Fantasia" in G sharp minorsource
1897Zhejiang University is founded in China.source
1897Émile Durkheim publishes his classic study Suicide.source
1897Scindia School is established in GwaliorIndia source
1897The play A Doll House was written by Henrik Ibsen.Norway source
1898January 13 – Novelist Émile Zola's open letter to the President of the French Republic on the Dreyfus affair, J'Accuse…!, is published on the front page of the Paris daily newspaper L'Aurore, accusing the government of wrongfully imprisoning Alfred Dreyfus and of antisemitism.source
1898March 13 – Vladimir Lenin creates the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party in Minsk.source
1898March 14 – Association football and sports club BSC Young Boys is established in Bern, Switzerland, as the Fussballclub Young Boys.source
1898March 26 – The Sabie Game Reserve, renamed to Kruger National Park in 1926, is proclaimed in the Official Gazette of the South African Republic, the first officially designated game reserve.South Africa source
189830 April – The German Fleet Association is founded in Berlin to arouse popular understanding and interest in the Imperial Navy. The government favors the construction of battleships in the Reichsmarineamt under Alfred von Tirpitz.Germany source
1898May 2 – Thousands of Chinese scholars and Beijing citizens seeking reforms protest in front of the capital control yuan.source
1898May 8 – The first games of the Italian Football Federation are played, in which Genoa play against Torino.source
18988 May – Genoa C.F.C. wins the first FIGC endorsed Italian Football Championship at the Velodromo Umberto I in Turin against Internazionale F.C. Torino.Italy source
1898May 15 – Andres Bonifacio and a few katipuneros meet with the captain of the Japanese cruiser, Kongo, visiting Manila, and the Japanese consul in Manila in a room above the Japanese bazaar on Plaza Moraga, to discuss the possible purchase of Japanese arms and to request Japanese arms and to request Japan's aid to their cause. A Christian Japanese, Jose Moritario Tagawa, married to a Filipina from Bocaue, Bulacan and a friend of Dr. Pio Valenzuela, acts as interpreter.Philippines source
1898May 22 – The German Federation football club SV Darmstadt 98 is formed.source
1898June 11 – The Guangxu Emperor announces the creation of what would later become Peking University.source
1898June 11-September 21 - Hundred Days' ReformChina source
1898August 21 – Clube de Regatas Vasco da Gama is founded in Rio de Janeiro.source
1898October 1 – The Vienna University of Economics and Business is founded, under the name K.u.K. Exportakademie.source
1898October 6 – The Sinfonia Club, later to become the Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia fraternity, is founded at the New England Conservatory of Music in Boston by Ossian Everett Mills.source
1898October 12 – The Michigan–Michigan State football rivalry begins in U.S. college football as Michigan University defeats Michigan Agricultural College, 39 to 0.source
1898October 14 – At the age of 16, Russian composer Igor Stravinsky creates his first composition, the unfinished piano fragment "Tarantella". The piece will remain undiscovered for 72 years and will first be performed in 2021, more than 120 years after it was composed.source
1898October 15 – The Fork Union Military Academy is founded, in Fork Union, Virginia.source
1898October 19 – The Universidad Literaria y Cientifica de Filipinas, the first Filipino operated university and the precursor to the University of the Philippines, is established shortly after the proclamation of the First Philippine Republic.source
1898October 25 – The Academia Militar, precursor to the Philippine Military Academy, is founded at Malolos by decree of Philippine Republic President Emilio Aguinaldo.source
1898November 19 – In U.S. college football, Harvard University defeats Yale University, 17 to 0, to close the season unbeaten.source
1898December 21 – Prince George of Greece arrives in Crete as its High Commissioner, and is escorted by the flagships of four nations.source
1898December 29 – The Moscow Art Theatre production of The Seagull by Anton Chekhov opens.source
1898The first volume of the Linguistic Survey of India is published in Calcutta.source
1898The Queen Victoria Building in Sydney is completedAustralia source
1898Auckland Cup – Uhlan - the first horse-race to be filmed in New ZealandNew Zealand source
1898Russian Social Democratic Labor PartyRussia source
1899January 10 – The Tau Kappa Epsilon fraternity is founded, at Illinois Wesleyan University in Bloomington, Illinois.source
189914 January – 1899 European Figure Skating Championships takes place in Davos.Switzerland source
1899January 24 – The Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine is founded.source
1899January 28 – The League of Peja, organized by Haxhi Zeka to lobby for a Kosovar Albanian state within the Ottoman Empire, attracts 450 delegates to its first convention, held at the city of Peja.source
1899February 7 – Keiō and Waseda become Japan's first private universities.Japan source
1899February 16 – Knattspyrnufélag Reykjavíkur, the first Association football club in Iceland, is established in Reykjavík.source
189916 February – Knattspyrnufélag Reykjavíkur is established in Reykjavík.Iceland source
1899March 2 – Mount Rainier National Park is established in the U.S. state of Washington.source
189916 March – Memorial ceremonies are held for the burial of the late German hero Otto von Bismarck and his wife, Johanna von Puttkamer with their re-interment at the Bismarck Mausoleum, a modern-day tourist attraction at Friedrichsruh in Aumühle. Bismarck, who had died on July 30 last, had been buried along with his wife at the estate of his home in Varzin, the modern-day city of Warcino in Poland.Germany source
1899March 19 – One of the first labor unions for government employees is formed with the organization in Denmark of the Copenhagen Municipal Workers' Unionsource
1899April 20 – Catulle Mendès' controversial ballet Le Cygne premieres at the Opéra-Comique in Paris, but is considered by critics to be too sexually explicit.source
1899April 26 – Jean Sibelius conducts the world première of his Symphony No. 1 in Helsinki.source
1899May 13 – The Esporte Clube Vitória football club is founded in Salvador, Brazil.source
1899May 14 – The three time world champion Club Nacional de Football is founded in Montevideo, Uruguay.source
1899May 17 – Britain's Queen Victoria lays the foundation stone for the Victoria and Albert Museum.source
1899May 20 – The American Physical Society is founded at a meeting at Columbia University.source
1899May 24 – Jules Massenet's Cendrillon, the first opera based on the fairy tale of Cinderella, premieres in Paris at the Opéra-Comique in Paris.source
1899May 27 – Maurice Ravel conducts the first public performance of his Shéhérazade, ouverture de féerie in Paris.source
1899June 9 – American boxer James J. Jeffries wins the world heavyweight boxing championship when he knocks out Cornish-born Bob Fitzsimmons at Coney Island, New York.source
1899June 19 – Edward Elgar's Enigma Variations are premiered in London.source
1899July 3 – Swiss-born American boxer Frank Erne wins the world lightweight championship by defeating champion George "Kid" Lavigne in Buffalo, New York.source
1899August 3 – The John Marshall Law School is founded in Chicago.source
1899August 10 – Marshall "Major" Taylor wins the world 1 mi professional cycling championship in Montreal, securing his place as the first African American world champion in any sport.source
189926 August: Campo Grande, the current capital of the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, is founded.Brazil source
1899September 11 – Northern Arizona University is founded in Flagstaff, as Northern Arizona Normal School.source
1899October 1 – Jan Gysbert Hugo Bosman, a.k.a. Bosman di Ravelli, a concert pianist and composer, leaves South Africa for London.South Africa source
1899November 4 – The Alpha Sigma Tau sorority is founded in Ypsilanti, Michigan.source
1899December 10 – Four-month-old Sobhuza II begins his 82-year reign as King of Swaziland.source
1899December 10 – The college fraternity Delta Sigma Phi is founded at the City College of New York.source
1899December 15 – Glasgow School of Art, the most notable work of Scottish architect Charles Rennie Mackintosh, opens.source
1899December 16 – Football club A.C. Milan is founded in Milan by English lace-maker Herbert Kilpin and businessman Alfred Edwards among others.Italy source
1899"Serrana" (opera) by Alfredo KeilPortugal source