1893 CE

Overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii: Lorrin A. Thurston and the Citizen's Committee of Public Safety in Hawaii, with the intervention of the United States Marine Corps, overthrow the government of Queen Liliuokalani. Start of a three-day popular revolt in Naples incited by horse-cab drivers notoriously linked to the Camorra, who called for a strike against the agreement between the city administration and the Belgian tram company Société Anonyme des Tramways Provinciaux (it), which provides for the extension of the tramway line to other parts of the city. The coachmen created riots and wreak havoc on the streets of Naples together with thousands of other demonstrators descending from the working-class neighbourhoods. Carriages that did not participate in the strike were attacked and a tram was burnt down. The police fired on the demonstrators, injuring some of them and killing a boy. His corpse is carried in a tumultuous procession and continuous clashes with the police, from San Carlo all'Arena to the Prefecture. The riot spreads, shops are attacked, shop windows smashed. Devastations multiply, but do not result in looting. The Franco-Siamese Treaty of 1893 is signed, as the Kingdom of Siam cedes all of its territories east of the Mekong River to France, creating the territory of Laos.

In the 1890s, the 19th century.

1893 at a glance

World population: about 1.55 billion Our World in Data
United States: Benjamin Harrison, then Grover Cleveland (President) Wikipedia rev. 1370561602
United Kingdom: Victoria (Queen); William Ewart Gladstone (Prime minister) Wikipedia rev. 1370561602
Russian Empire: Alexander III (Emperor) Wikipedia rev. 1370561602
Qing dynasty: Guangxu (Emperor) Wikipedia rev. 1370561602
French Third Republic: Marie François Sadi Carnot (President); Alexandre Ribot, then Charles Dupuy, then Jean Casimir-Perier (President of the Council of ministers) Wikipedia rev. 1370561602
German Empire: Wilhelm II (Emperor); Leo von Caprivi (Chancellor) Wikipedia rev. 1370561602

Who led every country in 1893 →

Geopolitics & Diplomacy

January 13 – The Independent Labour Party of the United Kingdom has its first meeting.source
March 5 - Spanish general election, 1893Spain source
March 10 – Ivory Coast becomes a French colony.source
May 22 – The President of the Italian Chamber of Deputies, Giuseppe Zanardelli, urges King Umberto I not to accept the resignation of Giolitti. Giolitti agrees to reconstruct the government with Senator Gagliardo as Finance Minister.Italy source
June 15 – 1893 German federal election: Small anti-Semitic parties secure 2.9% of the vote.source
15 June – In the federal election the Social Democratic Party of Germany come top with 1.7 million votes but still only finish fourth overall in terms of seats, behind the Centre Party, German Conservative Party and the National Liberal Party. Antisemitic parties see their vote share increase five times over.Germany source
July 13 – Frederick Jackson Turner gives a lecture titled "The Significance of the Frontier in American History" before the American Historical Association in Chicago.source
September 1 – William Ewart Gladstone's Government of Ireland Bill 1893, intended to give Ireland self-government, is rejected by the U.K. Parliament.source
September 7 – Under pressure of a general strike, the Belgian Federal Parliament enacts general multiple suffrage.source
September 16 – Calgary is incorporated as a city.Canada source
September 19 – New Zealand becomes the first country in the world to grant women's suffrage.source
October 13 – The Franco-Siamese Treaty of 1893 is signed, as the Kingdom of Siam cedes all of its territories east of the Mekong River to France, creating the territory of Laos.source
November 7 – Colorado women are granted the right to vote.source
November – beginning of the Federalist RevolutionBrazil source
December 5 – Plural voting is abolished in New South Wales.source
By 1893 – 8,000 Chinese have arrived in Cuba.source
Coolgardie and Esperance are both declared as townsAustralia source
Men's doubles – Richard Harman and Frederick WildingNew Zealand source
Two letters exchanged between Princess Alix of Hesse and Nicholas Alexandrovich of Russia. In late 1893 they had already been in love for several years, but Alix was unwilling to convert to Orthodoxy which led her to initially reject Nicholas.Russia source

Conflict & Security

January 13 – U.S. Marines from the USS Boston land in Honolulu, Hawaii, to prevent the queen from abrogating the Bayonet Constitution.source
January 17 – Overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii: Lorrin A. Thurston and the Citizen's Committee of Public Safety in Hawaii, with the intervention of the United States Marine Corps, overthrow the government of Queen Liliuokalani.source
January 17 – The U.S. Marines intervene in Hawaii, resulting in overthrow of the government of Queen Liliuokalani of Hawaii.United States source
10 March – The Government takes control of Uganda from the British East Africa Company.United Kingdom source
July 11 – Liberal general and politician José Santos Zelaya leads a successful revolt in Nicaragua.source
July 13 – Paknam Incident: Two French Navy ships are fired upon by Siamese cannons stationed at the Paknam Fort, that guards the Chao Phraya River. Three months later, Siam is forced to cede modern-day Laos to France.source
August 15 – The Ibadan area becomes a British protectorate, after a treaty signed by Fijabi, the Baale of Ibadan, with the British acting Governor of Lagos, George C. Denton.source
August 16–17 – Massacre of Italian workers of the Compagnie des Salins du Midi in Aigues-Mortes (France) by French villagers and workers. The New York Times, reporting from the trial of ringleaders later in the year, reported that "ten men were killed and twenty-six wounded". Anti-French riots erupt in Italy. In Rome the windows of the French Embassy were smashed and for a while the angry mob seemed to get out of hand.Italy source
August 23 – Start of a three-day popular revolt in Naples incited by horse-cab drivers notoriously linked to the Camorra, who called for a strike against the agreement between the city administration and the Belgian tram company Société Anonyme des Tramways Provinciaux (it), which provides for the extension of the tramway line to other parts of the city. The coachmen created riots and wreak havoc on the streets of Naples together with thousands of other demonstrators descending from the working-class neighbourhoods. Carriages that did not participate in the strike were attacked and a tram was burnt down. The police fired on the demonstrators, injuring some of them and killing a boy. His corpse is carried in a tumultuous procession and continuous clashes with the police, from San Carlo all'Arena to the Prefecture. The riot spreads, shops are attacked, shop windows smashed. Devastations multiply, but do not result in looting.Italy source
September – Revolta da Armada launched by Royalist admiral Custódio José de MeloBrazil source
October 23 – The Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO) is founded in the town of Thessaloniki. Its aim is to liberate the region of Macedonia from the Ottoman Turks.source
November 1 – First Matabele War: Battle of Bembezi, British South Africa Company defeats an assault by the Matabele.source
December 4 – First Matabele War: The Shangani Patrol of British South Africa Company soldiers is ambushed and annihilated, by more than 3,000 Matabele warriors.source
16–17 August – Massacre of Italians at Aigues-Mortes: Italian workers of the Compagnie des Salins du Midi are attacked in Aigues-Mortes (France) by French villagers and workers with at least 8 deaths. Anti-French riots erupt in Italy. In Rome the windows of the French Embassy are smashed and for a while the angry mob seems to get out of hand.France source
Winners: Linfield 5–1 CliftonvilleIreland source
New Zealand Derby – SkirmisherNew Zealand source

Exploration & Expansion

1 January – Transvaal – Germiston to Pretoria, 35 mi.South Africa source
May 23 – Mahatma Gandhi arrives in Durban.South Africa source
September 16 – Settlers make a land run for prime land in the Cherokee Strip in Oklahoma.source
November 12 – The Durand Line is established as the boundary between British India and Afghanistan, by a memorandum of understanding signed by Sir Mortimer Durand, Foreign Secretary of British India, and Abdur Rahman Khan, Amir of Afghanistan.source
Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria spends time hunting kangaroos and emus in AustraliaAustralia source
Wilhelm Dörpfeld begins his excavations on the site of the ancient city of Troy.Germany source
Alexander Keith Johnston publishes a map of the Island of Iceland.Iceland source
1893 New Zealand rugby union tour of AustraliaNew Zealand source
3 miles – William J. Burk (Otago)New Zealand source

Religion & Belief

January 6 – The Washington National Cathedral is chartered by Congress; the charter is signed by President Benjamin Harrison.source
April 1 – The rank of Chief Petty Officer is established in the United States Navy.source
April 6 – The iconic Salt Lake Temple of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is dedicated, after 40 years of construction.source
15 April – Social-Christian Christene Volkspartij foundedBelgium source
May – The Free Presbyterian Church of Scotland is formed.source
7 September – first Aberdeen Synagogue consecrated.Scotland source
11 September – Swami Vivekananda represented Hinduism at the Parliament of the World's Religions (1893).India source
September 19 – Swami Vivekananda delivers an inspiring paper at the World Parliament of Religions in Chicago.source
September 19 – Swami Vivekananda delivers an inspiring speech on his paper at the World Parliament of Religions in Chicago.United States source
September 23 – The Baháʼí Faith is first publicly mentioned in the United States, at the World Parliament of Religions in Chicago.source
September 27 – The World Parliament of Religions holds its closing meeting in Chicago.source
October 27 – The National Council of Women of Canada meets for the first time.Canada source
The Girls' Brigade is founded in Dublin, Ireland, origin of the international Christian youth organisation.source
TMI Episcopal is founded in San Antonio as "The West Texas School for Boys", quickly changed to "West Texas Military Academy", by Bishop James S. Johnston.source
Monarch – Umberto I (1878–1900)Italy source
Fours – W. Barnett, C. Hulbert, H. Toomer and H. Thomson (skip) (Christchurch)New Zealand source
Edwin Cynrig Roberts – Hanes Dechreuad y Wladfa GymreigWales source

Economy & Finance

30 January – The Federal Bank collapses, starting the Australian banking crisis of 1893.Australia source
30 January – Old Head coinage introduced.United Kingdom source
March 20 – Prime Minister Giovanni Giolitti presents a bill to reorganize the banking system.Italy source
May 5 – Panic of 1893: A crash on the New York Stock Exchange starts a depression.source
20 June – Zentis, a confectionery and preserve concern, begins trading in Aachen.Germany source
28 October - The Banco de Chile is founded.Chile source
December 20 – Evergreen Park, Illinois, is incorporated.source
Unknown date – Nagoya Life Insurance, as predecessor of T&D Holdings has founded.Japan source
Associação Naval 1º de Maio foundedPortugal source
Sisters Patty and Mildred J. Hill publish Song Stories for the Kindergarten including "Good Morning to All", which later becomes known as "Happy Birthday to You".United States source

Technology & Infrastructure

January 2 – Webb C. Ball introduces railroad chronometers, which become the general railroad timepiece standards in North America.source
January 15 – The Telefon Hírmondó service starts with around 60 subscribers, in Budapest.source
February 23 – Rudolf Diesel receives a patent for the diesel engine.source
March 6 – The Liverpool Overhead Railway opens with 2-car electric multiple units, the first to operate in the world.source
The first Crocidolite (Blue Asbestos) mine is opened near Prieska.South Africa source
June 20 – The Wengernalpbahn railway in Wengen, Switzerland (Canton of Bern) is opened.source
31 July – A peasant conference at Corleone drafted model agrarian contracts for labourers, sharecroppers and tenants and presented them to the landowners. When those refused to negotiate, a strike against landowners and against state taxes broke out over a large part of western Sicily. The so-called Patti di Corleone (Corleone Covenants), are considered by historians to be the first trade union collective contract in capitalist Italy.Italy source
6 August – The Corinth Canal is completed in Greece.source
12 August – First Paris–Brussels road cycle raceBelgium source
August 14 – The world's first driving licenses are introduced in France under the Paris Police Ordinance.source
1 September – Franz Ramesohl and Franz Schmidt open a milk separator-producing workshop under the name of Ramesohl & Schmidt oHG in Oelde. The workshop forms the basis of the still extant company GEA Westfalia Separator.Germany source
September 21 – Brothers Charles and Frank Duryea drive the first gasoline-powered motorcar in America, on public roads in Springfield, Massachusetts.source
October 10 – The first car number plates appear in Paris, France.source
Mark Twain's Pudd'nhead Wilson begins serialization in The Century Magazine (U.S.)source
The first recumbent bicycle, the Fautenil Vélociped, is made in France.source
Sudbury, Ontario, Canada, is incorporated as a town.source
Victoria wins the inaugural Sheffield ShieldAustralia source
Jacques Cartier Monument (Montreal) unveiled.Canada source
Pole vault – W. West (Canterbury)New Zealand source
The construction of the Ob railway bridge began, which led to the founding of the Novonikolayevsky settlement. This settlement would later become the city of Novosibirsk in 1904, now one of Russia's largest cities.Russia source

Science & Discovery

February 28 – USS Indiana, the first battleship in the United States Navy comparable to other nation's battleships of the time, is launched.source
May 9 – Edison's 1½ inch system of Kinetoscope is first demonstrated in public, at the Brooklyn Institute.source
May 10 – Nix v. Hedden: the United States Supreme Court legally declares the tomato to be a vegetable.United States source
July 1 – U.S. President Grover Cleveland is operated on in secret.source
July 11 – Kōkichi Mikimoto, in Japan, develops the method to seed and grow cultured pearls.source
18 November – Akademischer SC 1893 BerlinGermany source
Carl Anton Larsen becomes the first man to ski in Antarctica.source
German physicist Wilhelm Wien formulates Wien's displacement law.source
Tarcoola wins the Melbourne CupAustralia source
Émile Zola - Le Docteur PascalFrance source
Wilhelm Wien formulates Wien's displacement law.Germany source
Douglas Hyde publishes Love Songs of Connacht.Ireland source
440 yards hurdles – D. Matson (Canterbury)New Zealand source
The first publication of The Story of an Unknown Man by Anton Chekhov.Russia source

Health & Medicine

July 1 – U.S. President Grover Cleveland has a secret operation to remove cancer in his mouth.United States source
22 September – Elementary Education (School Attendance) Act leads to raising of school leaving age in England and Wales to eleven years.United Kingdom source
7 November – Aarhus Municipal Hospital opens with a building designed by architect Thomas Arboe.Denmark source
American pharmacist Caleb Bradham invents the recipe for what later becomes Pepsi. He originally sells it as 'Brad's Drink' at his pharmacy in New Bern, North Carolina.source
71.2% of the working population of São Paulo is foreign-born.Brazil source
Cholera Riots break out in Hamburg resulting in the deaths of a sanitary officer and a policeman. The riots are eventually quashed by bayonet-wielding troops.Germany source
A detailed medical report was published by Dr. Frank Clemow documenting the cholera epidemic in the Caucasus region of Russia. The study analyzed how geography influenced the spread and severity of the outbreak, showing that the low-lying Northern Caucasus suffered more cases than the mountainous Southern Caucasus.Russia source
Vladimir Bekhterev described Ankylosing spondylitis (Bekhterev's disease).Russia source
The Russian Government continued to enforce antisemitic laws, adopting a policy to deny American Jews visas for visits to Russia on the basis of their religion. Despite official and unofficial American protest, the Russians maintained this policy for decades.Russia source

Crime & Justice

February 1 – Murder of Emanuele Notarbartolo, former mayor of Palermo and former director general of the Banco di Sicilia by the Sicilian Mafia. Raffaele Palizzolo, a member of the Italian Chamber of Deputies, was regarded as the mastermind of the assassination. The series of trials over the following decade split Sicilian society in two and astonished public opinion. The conviction of Palizzolo in August 1902, would be hailed as a big blow against the Mafia. The Assize Court in Bologna convicted Palizzolo and two others to 30 years of imprisonment.Italy source
March 20 – In Belgium, Adam Worth is sentenced to 7 years for robbery (he is released in 1897).source
14 June – Gold discovered at Kalgoorlie, Western Australia by Paddy Hannan and two others.Australia source
June 17 – Gold is found in Kalgoorlie, Western Australia.source
June 20 – Lizzie Borden is acquitted of the axe murder of her parents in Fall River, Massachusetts in 1892.source
June 20 – Lizzie Borden is found not guilty for the murder of her father and step-mother in New Bedford, Massachusetts.United States source
9 September – Stuttgarter FußballvereinGermany source
October 16 – American sisters Patty Hill and Mildred J. Hill copyright their book Song Stories for the Kindergarten including "Good Morning to All". The melody, by Mildred Hill, is later adapted, without authorization, by Robert H. Coleman as "Good Morning to You!", with the second stanza containing the words to "Happy Birthday to You", leading to a successful copyright lawsuit by the Hill sisters in 1934.source
17 November – Two boatmen involved in the Aberavon drowning disaster of 7 August are found not guilty of manslaughter by a jury at Cardiff Crown Court.Wales source
Eugène Laermans, Evening strikeBelgium source
100 yards – Jack Hempton (Wellington)New Zealand source
Edvard Munch begins to paint The Scream.Norway source

Disasters & Accidents

February 11–19 – White Star Line cargo liner SS Naronic sinks without a trace in heavy seas on the Liverpool–New York transatlantic passage.source
19 May – a quick clay slide in Verdal Municipality destroyed 105 farms and killed 116 people.Norway source
June 9 – The front part of Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C. collapses, killing 22 War Department clerks and injuring 68 others.United States source
June 22 – The flagship HMS Victoria of the British Mediterranean Fleet collides with HMS Camperdown and sinks in 10 minutes; Vice-admiral Sir George Tryon goes down with his ship.source
22 June – HMS Victoria, flagship of the Mediterranean Fleet, collides with HMS Camperdown and sinks in ten minutes, Vice-Admiral Sir George Tryon going down with it.United Kingdom source
4 July – An underground explosion at Combs Pit, Thornhill, West Yorkshire, kills 135.United Kingdom source
7 August – 24 people are drowned at Aberavon when a boat carrying trippers on a Sunday school outing from Ystrad Rhondda capsizes in the bay. A survivor claimed that the inexperienced passengers had been frightened by the waves and all ran to one side of the boat.Wales source
September 7 – Russian monitor Rusalka sinks in a storm in the Gulf of Finland, with the loss of all 177 crew; her hulk is eventually discovered in 2003 off Helsinki.source
In October, a congress of sulfur miners was held in Grotte in the province of Agrigento which was attended by some 1,500 people, including workers and small producers. The sulphur workers were those who most participated in the establishment of the Fasci. The miners demanded that the minimum age to be raised to 14 years for those who worked in the sulfur mines, the decrease of working hours and setting a minimum wage. Small producers demanded measures to avoid exploitation by large owners. The minimum-age measure was meant to improve the situation for the carusi, minors that worked in conditions of near-slavery that sparked public outrage and inspired many complaints.Italy source
11–19 February – White Star Line SS Naronic sinks without trace in heavy seas on the Liverpool–New York transatlantic passage.United Kingdom source

Climate & Environment

20 January to 29 March – Adelaide receives no measurable rainfall for sixty-nine consecutive days, still a record since observations started in 1839.Australia source
January 21 – The Tati Concessions Land, formerly part of Matabeleland, is formally annexed to the Bechuanaland Protectorate (modern-day Botswana).source
4 February – 1893 Brisbane flood devastates Queensland.Australia source
May 27 – Algonquin Provincial Park is established as a wildlife sanctuary in Ontario.Canada source
10 August – Preston, Lancashire, enters the United Kingdom weather records with the highest five-minute total rainfall of 32mm. As of August 2018, this record remains.United Kingdom source
August 27 – The Sea Islands hurricane hits Savannah, Georgia, Charleston, South Carolina, and the Sea Islands, killing 1,000–2,000.source
August 27 – The Sea Islands Hurricane hits Savannah, Charleston, and the Sea Islands, killing 1,000–2,000.United States source
October 14 – A devastating levee collapse, flash flood and landslide hit and damage around Kyushu Island, Shikoku Island and western Honshū in Japan, due to a strong typhoon wind; an official document reports that 2,044 people perish.source
October 30 – The 1893 World's Fair, also known as the World's Columbian Exposition, closes.source
Derry Olympic becomes defunct after only one season in the Irish Football League.Ireland source
The increase in the population has greatly reduced the average holding of land, which in 1893 amounted to 6.5 acres for each peasant. The improvidence of the peasants, drink, backward methods in agriculture, and bad crops have on more than one occasion caused famine to be felt in the agricultural regions.Russia source

Culture & Society

January 31– Historical American Exposition closes in MadridSpain source
February 1 – Thomas Edison finishes construction of the first motion picture studio in West Orange, New Jersey.source
February 24 – The American University is established by an Act of Congress, in Washington, D.C.source
March 22 – The Montreal Hockey Club wins the First Stanley Cup by defeating the Ottawa Hockey Club 3 to 1 at Montreal's Victoria RinkCanada source
April 8 – The first recorded college basketball game occurs in Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania, between the Geneva College Covenanters and the New Brighton YMCA.source
April 17 – Belgian general strike of 1893: Riots erupt in Mons; the day after, the Belgian Parliament approves universal male suffrage.source
April 17 – The Alpha Xi Delta Sorority is founded at Lombard College in Galesburg, Illinois.source
May 1 – The 1893 World's Fair, also known as the World's Columbian Exposition, opens to the public in Chicago, Illinois. The first United States commemorative postage stamps are issued for the event.source
17 May – Premiere of Maurice Maeterlinck's Pelléas et MélisandeBelgium source
May 23 – Gandhi arrives in South Africa, where he will live until 1914, lead non-violent protests on behalf of Indian immigrants in the South African Republic (Transvaal), and develop a deeper experience of such activities.source
June 4 – The Anti-Saloon League is incorporated, originally as a state organization, in Oberlin, Ohio. On December 18, 1895, it becomes a nationwide organization. The same year, the American Council on Alcohol Problems is established, along with the Committee of Fifty for the Study of the Liquor Problem.source
June 6 – Wedding of Prince George, Duke of York, and Princess Mary of Teck: the future King George V of the United Kingdom marries at St James's Palace in London.source
June 29 – Unveiling of the Shaftesbury Memorial Fountain at Piccadilly Circus in London with its statue of Anteros.source
July 13 – Scottish Association football club Dundee F.C. is formed.source
September 7 – Genoa Cricket & Athletic Club, the oldest Italian Association football club, is formed.source
September 7 – The Genoa Cricket & Athletics Club, the oldest Italian soccer club, is formed by British expatriates. In its earliest years, it principally competed in athletics and cricket. Association football was secondarily practised.Italy source
September 11 – The World Parliament of Religions opens as an adjunct to the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago; Bengali Hindu monk Swami Vivekananda receives a standing ovation for his address in response to his welcoming.source
September 12 – American Temperance University begins classes in Harriman, Tennessee (it closes after 15 years, in May 1908).source
September 28 – The Portuguese sports club Futebol Clube do Porto is founded.source
October 13 – The first students enter St Hilda's College, Oxford, England, founded for women by Dorothea Beale.source
October 28 (October 16 O.S.) – In Saint Petersburg (Russia), Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky conducts the first performance of his Symphony No. 6 in B minor, Pathétique, nine days before his death.source
November 15 – FC Basel Association football club is founded in Switzerland.source
November 16 – Athletic club Královské Vinohrady, later Sparta Prague, is founded.source
November 29 — establishment of Wuhan UniversityChina source
December 16 – Antonín Dvořák's Symphony No. 9 (From the New World) receives its premiere at Carnegie Hall, New York City, conducted by the composer, to immediate acclaim.source
23 December – Engelbert Humperdinck's opera Hänsel und Gretel receives its premiere in Weimar.Germany source
Booker T. Washington High School (Houston) is founded as "Colored High", the first African-American high school in Houston, Texas.source
A 16th century Ardabil Carpet from Persia enters the collection of the South Kensington Museum in London.source
440 yards – Norman L. Gurr (Wellington)New Zealand source
The Emperor Alexander III and his wife Empress Maria Feodorovna on holiday in Copenhagen.Russia source

Births

January 11 – Motoo Ōtaguro, music critic (died 1979)Japan source
January 12 – Hermann Göring, German Nazi official (suicide 1946)source
January 12 – Alfred Rosenberg, German Nazi official (executed 1946)source
January 27 – Soong Ching-ling, one of the Soong sisters, wife of Chinese president Sun Yat-sen (died 1981)source
February 12 – Omar Bradley, American general (died 1981)source
February 16 – Katharine Cornell, American actress (died 1974)source
March 17 – Seyyed Mohammad Hojjat Kooh Kamari, Iranian cleric.Iran source
March 26 – Palmiro Togliatti, Italian communist leader (died 1964)source
April 3 – Leslie Howard, English actor (died 1943)source
June 13 – Dorothy L. Sayers, British crime writer, poet, playwright and essayist (died 1957)source
June 30 – Walter Ulbricht, German communist politician (died 1973)source
August 17 – Mae West, American actress, playwright, screenwriter and sex symbol (died 1980)source
August 30 – Huey Long, Louisiana governor and senator (assassinated 1935)source
October 9 – Mário de Andrade, poet, novelist, musicologist, art historian and critic, and photographer (died 1945)Brazil source
October 15 – King Carol II of Romania (died 1953)source
15 October – Carol II, King from 8 June 1930 to 6 September 1940 (died 1953).Romania source
December 12 – Edward G. Robinson, Romanian-American actor (died 1973)source
December 26 – Mao Zedong, Chinese communist leader, founder of the People’s Republic of China (died 1976)source

Deaths

January 11 – Benjamin Butler, American lawyer, politician, and general (born 1818)source
January 17 – Rutherford B. Hayes, 19th President of the United States (born 1822)source
January 23 – Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar, U.S. Supreme Court justice (born 1825)source
January 27 – James G. Blaine, Speaker of the United States House of Representatives, U.S. Senator, and U.S. Secretary of State (born 1830)source
February 20 – P. G. T. Beauregard, American Confederate general (born 1818)source
June 6 – The small town of Pomeroy, Iowa, is nearly destroyed by a tornado; 71 people are killed and 200 injured.source
June 7 – Edwin Booth, American actor (born 1833)source
June 22 – Sir George Tryon, British admiral (born 1832)source
July 13 – William Hutchinson Norris, founder of the city of Americana, São Paulo (born 1800)Brazil source
August 16 – Jean-Martin Charcot, French neurologist (born 1825)source
October 17 – Patrice de MacMahon, Duke of Magenta, French general, politician, and 1st president of the Third Republic (1875-1879) (born 1808)source
October 18 – Charles Gounod, French composer (born 1818)source
November 6 – Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, Russian composer (born 1840)source
November 26 – Arthur Conan Doyle's story "The Adventure of the Final Problem", published in the December dated issue of The Strand Magazine and serialized in Sunday newspapers worldwide, surprises the reading public by revealing that his popular character Sherlock Holmes had apparently died at the Reichenbach Falls on May 4, 1891.source
November 28 – Talbot Baines Reed, English author (born 1852)source
December 5 – Matsudaira Katamori, samurai (born 1836)Japan source
? – Mirza Hasan Ali Nasir ol-Molk, Qajar politician.Iran source
Concepción Arenal, feminist writer and activist (born 1820)Spain source