1895 CE

Battle of Coatit between Italy and Ethiopian proxies led by Tigrian warlord Ras Mengesha Yohannes in what is now Eritrea. It was the opening battle of the First Italo–Ethiopian War, and was a significant victory for the Italians, as they rebuffed an invasion force. In Munich, Germany, bicyclists have to pass a test and display license plates. Prime Minister of Japan Ito Hirobumi announces withdrawal of Japanese troops from Liaodong Peninsula.

In the 1890s, the 19th century.

Geopolitics & Diplomacy

  • January 1 – First ever local elections were held as per the Maura Law passed in 1893.Philippinessource
  • January 24 – An effort to restore the Hawaiian monarchy ends as the former Queen Liliʻuokalani abdicates and pledges allegiance to the Republic of Hawaii.source
  • February 20 – Venezuelan crisis of 1895: U.S. President Grover Cleveland signs into law a bill resulting from the proposition of House Resolution 252, by William Lindsay Scruggs and Congressman Leonidas Livingston, to the third session of the 53rd Congress of the United States of America. The bill recommends that Venezuela and Great Britain settle their dispute by arbitration.source
  • February 22 - Venezuela Crisis of 1895: United States President Grover Cleveland signs into law U.S. House Resolution 252, recommending Venezuela and the United Kingdom settle the dispute by arbitration.Venezuelasource
  • April 17 – The Treaty of Shimonoseki is signed between China and Japan. This marks the end of the First Sino-Japanese War, and the defeated Qing Empire is forced to renounce its claims on Korea, and to concede the southern portion of Fengtian province, Taiwan and the Penghu to Japan. The huge indemnity exacted from China is used to establish the Yawata Iron and Steel Works in Japan.source
  • April 22 – Gongche Shangshu movement: 603 candidates sign a 10,000-word petition against the Treaty of Shimonoseki.source
  • May 2 – Gongche Shangshu movement: Thousands of Beijing scholars and citizens protest against the Treaty of Shimonoseki.source
  • May 5 – Prime Minister of Japan Ito Hirobumi announces withdrawal of Japanese troops from Liaodong PeninsulaChinasource
  • May 24 – Anti-Japanese officials, led by Tang Jingsong in Taiwan, declare independence from the Qing dynasty, forming the short-lived Republic of Formosa.source
  • May 27 – In re Debs: The Supreme Court of the United States decides that the federal government has the right to regulate interstate commerce, legalizing the military suppression of the Pullman Strike.source
  • June 11 – Britain annexes Tongaland, between Zululand and Mozambique.source
  • June 20 – The Treaty of Amapala establishes the union of Nicaragua, Honduras and El Salvador (which ends in 1898).source
  • June 28 – The United States Court of Private Land Claims rules that James Reavis's claim to the Barony of Arizona is "wholly fictitious and fraudulent".source
  • July 24 – The Government decides to present the evidence of former Prime Minister Giovanni Giolitti about the role of current Prime Minister Crispi in the Banca Romana scandal and other matters – known as the "Giolitti envelope" –, to the Chamber of Deputies and have a special commission examine them. In June 1895, the French newspaper Le Figaro had published the package of documents compromising Crispi with evidence that he had concealed financial transactions and debts contracted by Crispi, his family and friends with the Banca Romana from the parliamentary inquiry in 1893.Italysource
  • 10 August – A Romanian-Serbian-Slovakian political alliance is formed to combat forced Magyarization in Austria-Hungary.Romaniasource
  • 23 August – A peace treaty is signed in Pelotas, bringing an end to the Federalist Revolution.Brazilsource
  • 17 November – Portuguese legislative election, 1895Portugalsource
  • Men's doubles – Richard Harman and Frederick WildingNew Zealandsource

Conflict & Security

  • January 6 – The Wilcox rebellion, an attempt led by Robert Wilcox to overthrow the Republic of Hawaii and restore the Kingdom of Hawaii, begins with royalist troops landing at Waikiki Beach in O'ahu and clashing with republican defenders. The rebellion ends after three days and the remaining 190 royalists are taken prisoners of war.source
  • January 13 – First Italo-Ethiopian War: Battle of Coatit – Italian forces defeat the Ethiopians.source
  • January 13 – Battle of Coatit between Italy and Ethiopian proxies led by Tigrian warlord Ras Mengesha Yohannes in what is now Eritrea. It was the opening battle of the First Italo–Ethiopian War, and was a significant victory for the Italians, as they rebuffed an invasion force.Italysource
  • January 20 – February 12 – First Sino-Japanese War: Battle of WeihaiweiChinasource
  • February 24 – The first rebellions of the Cuban War of Independence break out.source
  • March 4 – Japanese troops capture Liaoyang and land in Taiwan.source
  • April - Kalugumalai riots of 1895Indiasource
  • May 29-October 21 - Japanese invasion of Taiwan (1895)Japansource
  • 29 May – The start of Japanese invasion of Taiwan.Taiwansource
  • 24 June – Battle of Campo OsórioBrazilsource
  • July 10–11 – The Doukhobors' pacifist protests culminate in the "burning of the arms" in the South Caucasus.source
  • August 29 – The Mat Salleh Rebellion in North Borneo is incited.source
  • October 1 – French troops capture Antananarivo, Madagascar.source
  • October 23 – The city of Tainan, last stronghold of the Republic of Formosa, capitulates to the forces of the Empire of Japan, ending the short-lived republic, and beginning the era of Taiwan under Japanese rule.source
  • December 7 – A corps of 2,350 Italian troops, mostly Askari, are crushed by 30,000 Abyssinian troops at Amba Alagi.source
  • December 29 – The Jameson Raid is launched when Leander Starr Jameson and his forces cross into Transvaal from Bechuanaland.South Africasource
  • Ottoman troops burn 3,000 Armenians alive in Urfa.source
  • The Fourth Anglo-Ashanti War begins.source
  • Victoria wins the Sheffield ShieldAustraliasource

Exploration & Expansion

  • January 23 – Philippine Regional Exposition was held in Manila, wherein Governor-General Blanco declares a great future predestined for the Philippines.Philippinessource
  • March 23–26 - Pescadores Campaign (1895)Japansource
  • April 7 – Nansen's Fram expedition to the Arctic reaches 86°13.6'N, almost 3° beyond the previous Farthest North attained.source
  • 2 May – British South Africa Company's territory south of the Zambesi renamed 'Rhodesia'.United Kingdomsource
  • 15 December – Transvaal – Natal-Transvaal border to Union Junction near Alberton, 157 mi.South Africasource
  • December 17 - Venezuela Crisis of 1895: U.S. President Cleveland asks the U.S. Congress to fund a commission to study the boundaries between Venezuela and British GuianaVenezuelasource
  • First ascent of Mount Hector in Banff National Park.Canadasource
  • New Zealander Alexander von Tunzelmann becomes the first person to set foot on Antarctica, at Cape AdareNew Zealandsource
  • Percy Pilcher flies in several versions of his hang glider Bat at Cardross, Argyll, the first person to make repeated heavier-than-air flights in the UK.Scotlandsource

Religion & Belief

  • 6 February – Pope Leo XIII issues a decree blessing the Marian image of Our Lady of Walsingham for Catholic veneration at her newly restored shrine.United Kingdomsource
  • March 15 – Heian Shrine is completed in Kyoto, Japan.source
  • 16 March Ireland 2–2 Wales (in Belfast)Irelandsource
  • Edward Carson is re-elected in a Trinity College Dublin seat and as senior MP becomes a member of the Privy Council of Ireland.Irelandsource
  • Monarch – Umberto I (1878–1900)Italysource
  • Henry Jones – A Critical Account of the Philosophy of LotzeWalessource

Economy & Finance

  • January 21 – The U.S. Supreme Court rules in United States v. E. C. Knight Co. that Congress and the U.S. federal government cannot regulate manufacturing, and dismisses an antitrust lawsuit against American Sugar Refining Company, which controls 98 percent of sugar refining in the United States.source
  • 24 January – Compagnie Maritime Belge foundedBelgiumsource
  • February 20 – The gold reserve of the U.S. Treasury is saved when J. P. Morgan and the Rothschilds loan $65 million worth of gold to the United States government. The offering of syndicate bonds sells out only 22 minutes after the New York market opens, and just two hours after going on sale in London.source
  • 29 March – The National Trust acquires Dinas Oleu, Barmouth, its first property in the UK.Walessource
  • April 16 – The town of Sturgeon Falls, Ontario, is incorporated.Canadasource
  • April 24 – The Supreme Court decides that former Prime Minister Giovanni Giolitti cannot not be tried by an ordinary civil court, as Giolitti had argued since he had made his accusations against the involvement of current Prime Minister Crispi in the Banca Romana scandal in the Italian Chamber of Deputies. Only the Senate could hear the case. Giolitti had been accused of embezzlement of judiciary document as well as libel against Crispi and his wife, and had been summoned before the courts after the Public Prosecutor, sustained by lower courts, had started the prosecution.Italysource
  • July 31 – The Basque Nationalist Party (Euzko Alderdi Jeltzalea-Partido Nacionalista Vasco) is founded by Sabino Arana.source
  • December 13 – The Chamber declines to indict former Prime Minister Giovanni Giolitti, who had asked to be brought for the Senate, as part of the Banca Romana scandal.Italysource
  • The Swarovski Company is founded by Armand Kosman, Franz Weis and Daniel Swarovski in the Austrian Tyrol, for the production of crystal glass.source
  • The Raiffeisen model of Cooperative Credit and Saving Bank, predecessor of Rabobank, a worldwide multiple financial service provider, is founded in the Netherlands.source
  • Belfast Botanic Gardens becomes a public park when Belfast Corporation purchases the gardens from the Belfast Botanical and Horticultural Society.Irelandsource
  • Top New Zealand stakes earner – MahakiNew Zealandsource
  • The gold reserve of the U.S. Treasury is saved when J. P. Morgan and the Rothschilds loan $65 million worth of gold to the United States government.United Statessource

Technology & Infrastructure

  • March 18 – The world's first gasoline bus route is started in Germany, between Siegen and Netphen.source
  • March 22 – Brothers Auguste and Louis Lumière make what is probably the first presentation of a projected celluloid film moving picture, the 46-second Workers Leaving the Lumière Factory, to members of the Société d'encouragement pour l'industrie nationale in Paris.source
  • March 30 – Rudolf Diesel patents the Diesel engine in Germany.source
  • April 27 – The unique, historic and picturesque Spiral Bridge is constructed to carry U.S. 61 over the Mississippi River at Hastings, Minnesota. It is demolished in 1951.source
  • May 18 – The first motor race in Italy is held, on a course from Turin to Asti and back, a total of 93 km. Five entrants start the event; only three complete it. It is won by Simone Federman in a four-seat Daimler Omnibus, at an average speed of 15.5 km/h.source
  • May 18 – the first motor race in Italy is held. It is run on a course from Turin to Asti and back, a total of 93 km. Five entrants start the event; only three complete it. It is won by Simone Federman in a four-seat Daimler Omnibus, at an average speed of 15.5 km/h.Italysource
  • June 21 – The Kiel Canal, connecting the North Sea to the Baltic across the base of the Jutland peninsula in Germany, is officially opened.source
  • September 3 – The first professional American football game is played, in Latrobe, Pennsylvania, between the Latrobe YMCA and the Jeannette Athletic Club (Latrobe wins 12–0).source
  • September 24–October 3 – the Automobile Club de France sponsors the longest race to date, a 1,710 km event, from Bordeaux to Agen and back. Because it is held in ten stages, it can be considered the first rally. The first three places are taken by two Panhards and a three-wheeler De Dion-Bouton.source
  • 1 October – The Podul Regele Carol I (now called the Anghel Saligny Bridge) is opened, crossing the River Danube between Cernavodă and Fetești. It is the longest bridge in continental Europe and the third longest in the world.Romaniasource
  • November 5 – George B. Selden is granted the first U.S. patent for an automobile.source
  • 10 December - Launceston, Tasmania becomes the first Australian city to be powered by hydro-electricity with the opening of the Duck Reach Power StationAustraliasource
  • December 15 – The railways of the Cape of Good Hope, Colony of Natal, the Orange Free State, the South African Republic and southern Mozambique are all linked at Union Junction near Alberton.source
  • December 15 – The railways of the Cape Colony, Natal, the Orange Free State, the South African Republic and southern Mozambique are all linked at Union Junction near Alberton, completing the logistics supply lines for the British military invasion of the Boer Republics in the Second Boer War.South Africasource
  • December 18 – The Laurin & Klement automobile brand, predecessor of Škoda Auto, is founded as a bicycle manufacturer in central Bohemia (modern-day Czech Republic).source
  • The world's first portable handheld electric drill is developed, by brothers Wilhelm and Carl Fein in Germany.source
  • The Duck Reach Power Station opens in Tasmania (the first publicly owned hydroelectric plant in the Southern Hemisphere).source
  • The name 'HP Sauce' is first registered in the United Kingdom for a brown sauce.source
  • Victor Horta, Hôtel van Eetvelde, built for Edmond van EetveldeBelgiumsource
  • Litlibær, a historical turf farmstead in Northwest Iceland was constructed.Icelandsource
  • Unknown date – Genzo Shimazu Battery Manufacturing, as predecessor of GS Yuasa was founded in Kyoto.Japansource
  • Long jump – J. Ryan (Hawkes Bay)New Zealandsource

Science & Discovery

  • 15 March – Dreyfus is landed on Devil's Island off French Guiana.Francesource
  • 4 July - The Chilean cruiser Esmeralda (1895) is laid down.Chilesource
  • November 1 – Max Skladanowsky and his brother Emil present a short film at the Berlin Wintergarten theatre in Germany using the movie projector they have developed.source
  • November 8 – Wilhelm Röntgen discovers the type of electromagnetic radiation later known as X-rays.source
  • December 11 – Svante Arrhenius becomes the first scientist to deliver quantified data about the sensitivity of global climate to atmospheric carbon dioxide (the "Greenhouse effect"), as he presents his paper "On the Influence of Carbonic Acid in the Air Upon The Temperature of the Ground" to the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.source
  • The Umfolozi Game Reserve is proclaimed.South Africasource
  • Konstantin Tsiolkovsky proposes a space elevator.source
  • Little Donah Polka published under the name 'Ansell Hope' (unidentified)Australiasource
  • New Zealand Derby – EuroclydonNew Zealandsource
  • Shot put – Charles M. Louisson (Canterbury)New Zealandsource
  • W. E. B. Du Bois becomes the first African American to receive a Ph.D. from Harvard University.United Statessource
  • Daniel Owen – Straeon y PentanWalessource

Health & Medicine

  • 3 February – Marie-Thérèse Joniaux condemned to death for multiple poisoningsBelgiumsource
  • 18 June – The establishment of National Taiwan University Hospital.Taiwansource
  • September 18 – Daniel David Palmer performs the first chiropractic spinal adjustment, on Harvey Lillard, whose complaint was partial deafness after an injury.source

Crime & Justice

  • January 5 – Dreyfus affair: French officer Alfred Dreyfus is stripped of his army rank and sentenced to life imprisonment on Devil's Island (off French Guiana) on what is much later admitted to be a false charge of treason.source
  • 18 February – the Marquess of Queensberry (father of Lord Alfred Douglas, Oscar Wilde's lover), leaves his calling card at the Albemarle Club in London, inscribed: "For Oscar Wilde, posing somdomite", i.e. a sodomite, inducing Wilde to charge him with criminal libel.United Kingdomsource
  • March 3 – In Munich, Germany, bicyclists have to pass a test and display license plates.source
  • 22 March – the burned body of Bridget Cleary is discovered in County Tipperary; her husband, Michael, is subsequently convicted and imprisoned for manslaughter, his defence being a belief that he had killed a changeling left in his wife's place after she had been abducted by fairies.Irelandsource
  • April 6 – Oscar Wilde is arrested in London for "gross indecency", after losing a criminal libel case against the Marquess of Queensberry.source
  • May 25 – R. v. Wilde: Oscar Wilde is convicted in London of "unlawfully committing acts of gross indecency with certain male persons" (under the Labouchere Amendment) and given a two years' sentence of hard labour, during which he will write De Profundis.source
  • 25 May – Criminal case of Regina v. Wilde: After a retrial at the Old Bailey, Oscar Wilde is convicted of gross indecency and is taken to Pentonville Prison to begin his two years' sentence of hard labour. On 21 November he is transferred to Reading Gaol.United Kingdomsource
  • June 11 – The Paris–Bordeaux–Paris automobile trial is held.source
  • 11 June – The Paris–Bordeaux–Paris automobile trial is held.Francesource
  • 12 August: Minnie Dean, the only woman to be executed in New Zealand, hanged for murderNew Zealandsource
  • 100 yards freestyle – L. Leo (New South Wales, Australia)New Zealandsource
  • Arthur Machen – The Three ImpostorsWalessource
  • Chair – John Owen Williams, "Dedwyddwch"Walessource

Disasters & Accidents

  • January 15 – A warehouse fire and dynamite explosion kills 57 people, including 13 firefighters in Butte, Montana in the U.S.source
  • January 21 – The American steamer S.S. Chicora sinks in a storm on Lake Michigan, along with all 21 of its crew and a lone passenger.source
  • January 31 – The sinking of the German ocean liner SS Elbe kills 334 people on board, 20 minutes after the ship had collided with the British steamer SS Crathie in the North Sea. Only two lifeboats are able to evacuate before the Elbe goes down, and the first lifeboat capsizes when too many passengers attempt to get onboard. A second lifeboat, with 15 members of the crew, four men and a woman, carries the only survivors.source
  • 8 August - The steamship SS Catterthun strikes Seal Rocks, NSW, and founders, killing 55 personsAustraliasource
  • December 24 – Kingstown lifeboat disaster: 15 crew are lost when their life-boat capsizes while trying to rescue the crew of the Palme off Kingstown (modern-day Dún Laoghaire), near Dublin, Ireland.source
  • 24 December – Kingstown Lifeboat Disaster: the Kingstown Life-boat capsizes on service: all fifteen crew are lost.Irelandsource
  • 24 December – Kingstown Lifeboat Disaster: In Ireland, the Kingstown life-boat capsizes on service: all fifteen crew are lost.United Kingdomsource
  • 1895 Yaroslavl Great Manufacture strikeRussiasource

Climate & Environment

  • January 17 – A 6.8 magnitude earthquake strikes northeastern Iran near the town of Quchan and causes at least 1,000 deaths.source
  • January–February – "Great Frost".United Kingdomsource
  • 11 February – the lowest ever UK temperature of −27.2 °C (measured as −17 °F) is recorded at Braemar in Aberdeenshire. (This UK Weather Record is equalled in 1982 and again in 1995.)Scotlandsource
  • April 14 – A major earthquake severely damages Ljubljana, the capital of Carniola.source
  • 21 June – Lord Rosebery resigns as Prime Minister after defeat in a vote of no confidence in the House of Commons over the supply of cordite to the army. Lord Salisbury returns to the office on 25 June.United Kingdomsource
  • June–August: An unusually severe winter is experienced in the South Island, with many snowfalls and Lyttelton Harbour freezing over on 12 July.New Zealandsource
  • October 31 – 1895 Charleston earthquake: A major earthquake occurs near Charleston, Missouri, in the New Madrid Seismic Zone of the midwestern United States. As of 2014, the earthquake risk for the region is being closely monitored.source
  • The Hluhluwe Game Reserve is proclaimed.South Africasource

Culture & Society

  • January 12 – Britain's National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty is founded by Octavia Hill, Robert Hunter and Canon Hardwicke Rawnsley.source
  • January 15 – The first issue of the Boletin del Museo-Biblioteca de Filipinas (Bulletin of the Museum-Library of the Philippines) is published.Philippinessource
  • 6 April - The song Waltzing Matilda is first performed at the North Gregory Hotel, Winton, Queensland.Australiasource
  • April 30 – The first Venice Biennale, I Esposizione Internazionale d'Arte della Città di Venezia (1st International Art Exhibition of the City of Venice), holds its first exhibition before growing into a major contemporary art exhibition that takes place once every two years (in odd years) in Venice, Italy. The exhibition is opened by the Italian King and Queen, Umberto I and Margherita di Savoia and would be seen by 224,000 visitors.Italysource
  • 4 June – Stadionul Tineretului is opened in Oradea.Romaniasource
  • June 5 – The Liberal Revolution begins in Ecuador, making the civil war more intense in the country.source
  • July 15 – Archie MacLaren scores an English County Championship cricket record innings of 424 for Lancashire, against Somerset, at Taunton. This record lasts until 1994.source
  • July – Oldham Athletic A.F.C. is founded in England.source
  • July: The Waikato Advocate is published in Cambridge. It merged with the Waikato Times in 1896.New Zealandsource
  • August 7 – The Aljaž Tower, a symbol of the Slovenes, is erected on Mount Triglav.source
  • August 10 – The first ever indoor promenade concert, origin of The Proms, is held at the Queen's Hall in London, opening a series conducted by Henry Wood.source
  • August 29 – The Northern Rugby Football Union (the modern-day Rugby Football League) is formed at a meeting of 21 rugby clubs at the George Hotel, Huddersfield, in the north of England, leading to the creation of the professional sport of rugby league football.source
  • September 7 – The first game of what will become known as rugby league football is played in England, starting the 1895–96 Northern Rugby Football Union season.source
  • September – Shelbourne F.C. is founded in Dublin, Ireland.source
  • October 2 – Peiyang University, predecessor of Tianjin University, is founded as an institution of higher education in Qing dynasty China.source
  • October 10 – The London School of Economics holds its first classes in London, England.source
  • October 19 – Nekata Bank (根方銀行), as predecessor of Suruga Bank was founded in Shizuoka Prefecture.Japansource
  • October – Rudyard Kipling publishes the story "Mowgli Leaves the Jungle Forever" in The Cosmopolitan illustrated magazine in the United States, collected in The Second Jungle Book, published in England in November.source
  • 13 November – Lumière brothers demonstrate the cinematograph at the Physics Museum of the Catholic University of Leuven, one of the first such demonstrations outside France.Belgiumsource
  • November 17 – Flamengo, a well known professional football club in Brazil, is officially founded.source
  • November 25 – Oscar Hammerstein opens the Olympia Theatre, the first theatre to be built in New York City's Times Square district.source
  • November 27 – At the Swedish-Norwegian Club in Paris, Alfred Nobel signs his last will and testament, setting aside his estate to establish the Nobel Prize after his death.source
  • November 28 – Chicago Times-Herald race: The first American automobile race in history is sponsored by the Chicago Times-Herald. Press coverage first arouses significant American interest in the automobile.source
  • December 13 – The first complete performance of Gustav Mahler's Symphony No. 2 is given, with the Berlin Philharmonic orchestra conducted by the composer.source
  • December 24 – George Washington Vanderbilt II officially opens his Biltmore Estate, inviting his family and guests to celebrate his new home in Asheville, North Carolina.source
  • December 28 – Auguste and Louis Lumière make what is probably the first commercial public screening of projected moving picture films to a paying audience, at the Salon Indien du Grand Café in Paris.source
  • The first sample fair (Mustermesse) is held at Leipzig, Germany.source
  • The first Boxer dog club is established in Germany.source
  • The first women's magazine Framsókn is founded by Ingibjörg Skaptadóttir and Sigríður Þorsteinsdóttir.Icelandsource

Births

Deaths

  • January 24 – Lord Randolph Churchill, British statesman (born 1849)source
  • February 20 – Frederick Douglass, American ex-slave and author (born c.1818)source
  • March 2 – Berthe Morisot, French painter (born 1841)source
  • March 10 – Amai Pakpak, Maranao leaderPhilippinessource
  • March 15 – Bridget Cleary is killed and her body burned in County Tipperary, Ireland, by her husband, Michael; he is subsequently convicted and imprisoned for manslaughter, his defence being a belief that he had killed a changeling left in his wife's place after she had been abducted by fairies.source
  • May 19 – José Martí, Cuban independence leader (born 1853)source
  • June 4 – Abu Bakar of Johor, Malaysian sultan (born 1833)source
  • June 29 – Thomas Henry Huxley, English evolutionary biologist (born 1825)source
  • August 5 – Friedrich Engels, German communist philosopher (born 1820)source
  • August 8 – Howell Edmunds Jackson, American Supreme Court Justice (born 1832)source
  • August 19 – American frontier murderer and outlaw John Wesley Hardin is killed by an off-duty policeman in a saloon in El Paso, Texas.source
  • September 28 – Louis Pasteur, French microbiologist, chemist (born 1822)source
  • October 8 – Queen Min, queen consort of Joseon (Korea), is assassinated at her private residence within Gyeongbokgung Palace by Japanese agents.source
  • October 8 – Empress Myeongseong (Queen Min), last Korean empress (assassinated) (born 1851)source
  • October 27/28 – Adele Spitzeder, German actress, folk singer and confidence trickster (born 1832)source
  • November 5 - Prince Kitashirakawa YoshihisaJapansource
  • 14 November – Alexandru Odobescu, author, archaeologist and politician (born 1834).Romaniasource
  • ? – Yousuf Khan Mostashar al-Dowleh, Iranian diplomat.Iransource