1533 CE
The Statute in Restraint of Appeals in England, declaring the king to be the supreme sovereign and forbidding judicial appeals to the papacy, is given royal assent. Henry VIII is excommunicated by Pope Clement VII, as is Archbishop Cranmer. (Feast of St Thomas the Apostle) – Hernando de Grijalva and his crew become the first persons discover the uninhabited Revillagigedo Islands, off the Pacific coast of Mexico, reporting the finding of what Grijalva names Isla Santo Tomé, probably Socorro Island.
In the 1530s, the 16th century.
Geopolitics & Diplomacy
- January 26 – Thomas Audley, 1st Baron Audley of Walden, is appointed Lord Chancellor of England.source
- February 4 – The Reformation Parliament is summoned into session by King Henry VIII of England, and meets until April 7.source
- July 22 – Treaty of Constantinople between the Ottoman Empire and the Archduchy of Austria: Ferdinand I, King of the Romans, withdraws his claims to most of Hungary and János Szapolyai, voivode of Transylvania, becomes King of Hungary under the suzerainty of Suleiman the Magnificent, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire.source
- Olaus Petri is replaced as royal chancellor.Swedensource
Conflict & Security
- February - The third of the Dalecarlian Rebellions is suppressed with the execution of its leaders.Swedensource
- September 13 – Antonio Sedeño, the Spanish Colonial Governor of Trinidad, comes under attack along with his troops by the Kalinago people, indigenous to the area. Though the Spanish lose many troops, Sedeño defeats the Kalinago and puts the island under Spanish rule.source
- Ghiyasuddin Mahmud Shah becomes ruler of the Sultanate of Bengal following his nephew's (Alauddin Firuz Shah) assassinationIndiasource
- Alauddin Firuz Shah becomes ruler of the Sultanate of Bengal following his father's (Nasiruddin Nasrat Shah) deathIndiasource
Exploration & Expansion
- December 21 (Feast of St Thomas the Apostle) – Hernando de Grijalva and his crew become the first persons discover the uninhabited Revillagigedo Islands, off the Pacific coast of Mexico, reporting the finding of what Grijalva names Isla Santo Tomé, probably Socorro Island.source
- December 28 – Grijalva and his crew discover Isla de los Inocentes, probably San Benedicto Island.source
Religion & Belief
- February 8 – (15th waxing of Tabaung 894 ME) King Min Bin of Burma begins receiving tributes from the local lords of Bengal.source
- February 14 – By a treaty between the German city of Münster and the Holy Roman Empire, Münster is recognized as a Lutheran city.source
- February 18 – The order of the Clerics Regular of Saint Paul, more commonly called the Barnabites, is given papal approval by Pope Clement VII in the brief Vota per quae vos.source
- March 30 – Thomas Cranmer becomes Archbishop of Canterbury.source
- April 7 – The Statute in Restraint of Appeals in England, declaring the king to be the supreme sovereign and forbidding judicial appeals to the papacy, is given royal assent.source
- May 23 – King Henry VIII of England's marriage with Catherine of Aragon is declared annulled by Archbishop Cranmer. Since Pope Clement VII had rejected Henry's petition for annulment in 1530, Catherine continues to believe herself Henry's wife until her death.source
- June 1 – Cranmer crowns Anne Boleyn as queen consort of England, in Westminster Abbey.source
- July 11 – Henry VIII is excommunicated by Pope Clement VII, as is Archbishop Cranmer.source
- Pechenga Monastery is founded, in the far north of the Grand Duchy of Moscow.source
Economy & Finance
Technology & Infrastructure
Science & Discovery
- November 15 – Francisco Pizarro arrives in Cusco, Peru.source
Disasters & Accidents
Culture & Society
- January 25 – King Henry VIII of England formally but secretly marries Anne Boleyn, who becomes his second queen consort.source
- June 1 – Cartagena, Colombia, is founded by Pedro de Heredia.source
- September 7 – Anne Boleyn, the second wife of King Henry VIII of England gives birth to a daughter, at Greenwich, a little more than three months after she and Henry were married. The King's second daughter, Elizabeth, will become the reigning monarch of England 25 years later and rule for more than 44 years.source
- October 28 – The 14-year olds Henry, Duke of Orléans – the future King Henry II of France – and Catherine de' Medici are married at the Église Saint-Ferréol les Augustins in Marseille.source
- October 28 - Catherine de’ Medici and Henry II, future Queen and King of France, got married in Marseille.Francesource
- December 3 – Ivan IV succeeds his father Vasili III as Grand Prince of Muscovy at the age of three; he will rule in Russia until his death in 1584.source
- 1533–1534 – Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent makes the Ruthenian harem girl Roxelana his legal wife.source
Births
- January 28 – Paul Luther, German scientist (died 1593)source
- February 2 – Shimazu Yoshihisa, Japanese samurai (died 1611)source
- February 28 – Michel de Montaigne, French essayist (died 1592)source
- April 8 – Claudio Merulo, Italian composer and organist (died 1604)source
- April 24 – William I of Orange (died 1584)source
- July 10 – Antonio Possevino, Italian diplomat (died 1611)source
- August 2 – Theodor Zwinger, Swiss scholar (died 1588)source
- August 7 – Alonso de Ercilla y Zúñiga, Basque soldier and poet (died 1595)source
- September 7 – Queen Elizabeth I of England, daughter of King Henry VIII (died 1603)source
- September 15 – Catherine of Austria, Queen of Poland (died 1572)source
- September 27 – Stefan Batory, King of Poland (died 1586)source
- October 12 – Asakura Yoshikage, Japanese ruler (died 1573)source
- November 22 – Alfonso II d'Este, Duke of Ferrara, Italian noble (died 1597)source
- December 13 – King Eric XIV of Sweden (died 1577)source
- 13 December - Eric XIV of Sweden, monarch (died 1577)Swedensource
- Pierre de Gondi, French Bishop and Cardinal (d.1616)Francesource
- Sant Eknath writer born in Paithan (died 1599)Indiasource
- Gerald FitzGerald, 15th Earl of Desmond, Irish aristocrat and leader of the Desmond Rebellions of 1579 (died 1583)Irelandsource
Deaths
- March 16 – John Bourchier, 2nd Baron Berners, English soldier and statesman (born 1467)source
- April 10 – King Frederick I of Denmark (born 1471)source
- April 10 – King Frederick I of Denmark, ruler of the Danes since 1523 and later elected, but never crowned, King of Norway, dies at the age of 61. The vacancy leaves a dispute over his successor, which soon becomes the Count's Feud (Grevens Fejde) between the Roman Catholic supporters of the former King Christian II of Denmark, and the Lutheran supporters of Frederick's son, proclaimed to be King Christian III.source
- April 28 – Nicholas West, English bishop and diplomat (born 1461)source
- June 25 – Mary Tudor, queen of Louis XII of France (born 1496)source
- July 4 – John Frith, English Protestant priest and martyr (born 1503)source
- July 6 – Ludovico Ariosto, Italian poet (born 1474)source
- July 26 – Atahualpa, last Inca ruler of Peru (executed) (born c.1502)source
- July 26 – Sapa Inca Atahualpa is executed by garotte, at the orders of Francisco Pizarro in Cajamarca. While older sources stated the execution had been on August 29, 1533, it would later be determined by late 20th century historians that the August date was incorrect because the Spaniards had departed Cajamarca by August 10. The Spanish arrange for his younger brother Túpac Huallpa to be crowned as a successor, but he dies in October after an apparent poisoning.source
- August 3– Philibert de Chalon, Prince of Orange (b.1502).Francesource
- September 17 – Philip I, Margrave of Baden (born 1479)source
- September 20 – Veit Stoss, German sculptor (born c. 1447)source
- September 24 - Jean d'Orléans-Longueville, Roman Catholic Cardinal (b.1484).Francesource
- October 10 – Severinus of Saxony, Prince of Saxony; died young (born 1522)source
- October – Túpac Huallpa, puppet ruler of Perusource
- December 3 – Grand Prince Vasili III of Muscovy (born 1479)source
- Nasiruddin Nasrat Shah, sultan of BengalIndiasource
- Alauddin Firuz Shah, sultan of BengalIndiasource