/year

July 11 in history

231 sourced entries recorded on July 11, from 154 CE to 2025 CE. Every line is quoted from the revision it came from.

Events

  • 472Anthemius, besieged in the part of Rome he controls until his troops are defeated, is caught while fleeing the city disguised as a supplicant in the Old St. Peter's Basilica (or at the church of Santa Maria in Trastevere), and later beheaded by Gundobad or Ricimer. Ricimer proclaims Olybrius emperor. Ricimer's nephew, the Burgundian general Gundobad, assumes command of the Western army and holds de facto power in the Empire.source
  • 552The Armenian calendar is introduced.source
  • 552First year of the Armenian calendar.source
  • 724Prince Æthelbert of the Kingdom of Kent issues a charter that is approved by his father, King Wihtred.source
  • 813Michael I, under threat by conspiracies, abdicates in favor of his general Leo the Armenian, and becomes a monk (under the name Athanasius). His sons are castrated to prevent them succeeding the Byzantine throne, and relegated into monasteries. One of them, Niketas (renamed Ignatius), eventually becomes a patriarch of Constantinople.source
  • 914Al-Qa'im bi-Amr Allah, son of the Fatimid caliph Abdullah al-Mahdi Billah, leaves Raqqada at the head of an army, which is composed of Kutama warriors and the Arab jund (personal guard) in an attempt to conquer Egypt. He sends orders to Hubāsa to wait for him, but driven by ambition Hubāsa is already on his way to Alexandria.source
  • 1078The Romanesque tympanum of Santiago de Compostela Cathedral in Galicia (Spain) is constructed.source
  • 1201Llywelyn the Great pays homage to John, King of England after Llywelyn has added Eifionydd and Llŷn to his kingdom of Gwynedd in north Wales.source
  • 1203The Crusaders take positions opposite the Palace of Blachernae on the northwest corner of the city. Their first attempts are repulsed, but on July 17 the Venetians take a section of the wall of about 25 towers, while the Varangian Guard holds off the Crusaders on the land wall, inflicting heavy casualties. The Venetians set fire to the buildings inside the Golden Horn walls, and then abandon the occupied fortifications.source
  • 1238Siege of Brescia: Emperor Frederick II begins the siege of Brescia. He rejects the negotiations of the Lombard League and insists on unconditional surrender to the imperial forces in northern Italy. This blocks all possibilities of a peaceful settlement. Milan and five other Lombard cities are attacked. In early October, after a successful sortie by the city's defenders, Frederick is forced to lift the siege.source
  • 1302The Battle of the Golden Spurs takes place as France retaliates against Flanders for the May 18 Matins of Bruges massacre. Flemish forces led by William of Jülich ("William the Younger") and Pieter de Coninck defeat the French army (some 9,000 men) at Kortrijk in Flanders. The cavalry charges of the French prove unable to defeat the untrained Flemish infantry militia, consisting mainly of members of the craft guilds. Many French nobles (some 500 knights) are killed, like the commander Robert II of Artois, and forced to retreat.source
  • 1302The Battle of the Golden Spurs takes place as retaliation against Flanders for the May 18 Matins of Bruges massacre. Flemish forces led by William of Jülich and Pieter de Coninck defeat the French army on the outskirts of Kortrijk in Flanders. Many French nobles (some 500 knights) are killed.source
  • 1324Pope John XXII declares that Louis IV will be deposed as King of the Romans because of his March 23 excommunication from the Roman Catholic Church. King Louis continues his reign and in the 1325 Treaty of Trausnitz makes his rival, the Habsburg claimant Friedrich, his co-king.source
  • 1346July 11–12 – Edward III and the English army cross the English Channel and begin an invasion of France.source
  • 1346Charles IV, Count of Luxembourg and King of Bohemia, is elected King of the Romans.source
  • 1405Ming Dynasty fleet commander Zheng He sets sail from Suzhou, to explore the world for the first time.source
  • 1410Ottoman Interregnum: Süleyman Çelebi defeats his brother Musa Çelebi outside the Ottoman capital, Edirne.source
  • 1422In Italy, a group of about 100 Romani people, described as "Gypsies" arrive in Bologna with a stated intention of traveling to Rome to meet the Pope. Their leader, calling himself "Duke Andrea", shows to local officials a decree allegedly signed by the King of Hungary that is said to grant them the right to commit robberies "without penalty or penance" wherever they travel, as a reward for 4,000 gypsies being re-baptized into the Christian faith.source
  • 1430Battle of Trnava: The Hussites defeat the Hungarian-Moravian-Serbian army.source
  • 1440John V, Duke of Brittany, signs a neutrality agreement with the Kingdom of England, promising not to give shelter to England's enemies in the ongoing English occupation of western France.source
  • 1487The Battle of Aldy Charrish takes place in Scotland as the Clan Mackay defeats the Clan Ross.source
  • 1511Pope Julius II summons Catholic clerics to meet at the Fifth Council of the Lateran, directing them to meet on April 19.source
  • 1533Henry VIII is excommunicated by Pope Clement VII, as is Archbishop Cranmer.source
  • 1538Galway is visited by Lord Deputy of Ireland, Leonard Grey. This is the first visit of a King's Deputy to the town, and marks the start of closer relations between the sometimes-beleaguered town and the Anglo-Irish administration in Dublin. He is lavishly entertained and stays for seven days.source
  • 1557July 10 – July 19: Thomas Radclyffe (newly succeeded as Earl of Sussex), Lord Deputy of Ireland, campaigns against the O'Connors of Offaly.source
  • 1572Humphrey Gilbert leads 1,500 volunteers from England, on an expedition to assist the Sea Beggars.source
  • 1573The Edict of Boulogne is signed by Charles IX of France, granting limited rights to Huguenots, and ending the Fourth War of Religion in France.source
  • 1576English navigator Martin Frobisher sights Greenland.source
  • 1581The Knights Hospitaller depose Jean de la Cassière as Grandmaster and appoint Mathurin Romegas in his place.source
  • 1604Derry chartered as a city.source
  • 161121 October: Lord Carew is in Ireland (as authorised in June) to inquire into its government and report on prospects for the plantation of Ulster (August).source
  • 1627July 5–13 – Turkish Abductions: Barbary corsairs from Algiers raid the East Fjords of Iceland and take captives into slavery.source
  • 1651The dispute between Corfitz Ulfeldt and Dina Winhofers culminates with the latter's execution. Ulfeldt and his family secretly leave Copenhagen on 4 July.source
  • 1660The city gates of Copenhagen re-opens and trade returns to normal.source
  • 1665Pierre de Beausse, an envoy of France's King Louis XIV, formally claims possession of the African island of Madagascar on behalf of the French East India Company after landing on the coast in the 32-gun frigate Saint-Paul.source
  • 1670Representatives of England (led by King Charles II) and Denmark (led by King Christian V) sign a treaty of alliance and commerce, the Treaty of Copenhagen.source
  • 1670The Treaty of Copenhagen is signed in Copenhagen.source
  • 1670the Treaty of Copenhagen is signed between Charles II and King Christian V of Denmark to promote alliance and commerce.source
  • 1673The Netherlands and Denmark-Norway sign a defense treaty.source
  • 1676The Wampanoags attack Taunton, Massachusetts, but are repelled by colonists.source
  • 1687Isaac Newton's Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica, known as the Principia, is published by the Royal Society of London. In it, Newton describes his law of universal gravitation, explains the laws of mechanics, and gives a formula for the speed of sound. The writing of Principia Mathematica ushers in a tidal wave of changes in thought, significantly accelerating the Scientific Revolution by providing new and practical intellectual tools, and becomes the foundation of modern physics.source
  • 1690July 11 (July 1 O.S.) – Battle of the Boyne in Ireland: King William III of England (William of Orange) defeats the deposed James II, who returns to exile in France. The rebellion in Ireland continues for a further year until the Orange army gains full control.source
  • 1700The Prussian Academy of Sciences is founded, with Gottfried Leibniz as president.source
  • 1705José de Grimaldo, the Marquis of Grimaldo, becomes the head of government of Spain after being appointed by King Philip V as the Secretary of the Universal Bureau.source
  • 1708War of the Spanish Succession: Battle of Oudenarde – Allied forces under the command of John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, defeat the French in the Spanish Netherlands.source
  • 1708War of the Spanish Succession: allied victory under the commander John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough against the French at the Battle of Oudenarde in the Spanish Netherlands.source
  • 1711The town of São Paulo, Brazil, is elevated to city status.source
  • 1718Howell Davis, mate of the Cadogan, is captured by Edward England and decides join the pirates. Davis would subsequently capture another Welsh sailor, Bartholomew Roberts, and turn him to piracy.source
  • 1719Russia's Baltic Sea fleet is first spotted from the Swedish coast, starting the Russian Pillage of 1719–21 as part of the Great Northern War.source
  • 1726André-Hercule Cardinal de Fleury, recalled from exile by King Louis XV, banishes Louis Henri, Duke of Bourbon, and Madame de Prie from court.source
  • 1740Pogrom: Jews are expelled from Little Russia.source
  • 1750Halifax, Nova Scotia is almost completely destroyed by fire.source
  • 1754William Burnett establishes the Aberdeen law firm that will continue in business as Burnett and Reid into the 21st century.source
  • 1764Conditional repatriation of the Acadians in Canada, French colonists who took up arms against the British during the war, is approved by order of King George III on advice of the Privy Council. The Council offers settlement to any Acadians willing to take an oath of allegiance to the British Crown and that those living in New Brunswick are to "be allowed to settle in Nova Scotia, but that they should be dispersed in small numbers in various localities."source
  • 1780French soldiers arrive in Newport, Rhode Island to reinforce the colonists, in the American Revolutionary War.source
  • 1780Expédition Particulière: French soldiers arrive in Newport, Rhode Island to reinforce colonists in the American Revolutionary War.source
  • 1789Louis XVI of France dismisses popular Chief Minister Jacques Necker.source
  • 1791The ashes of Voltaire are transferred to the Panthéon in Paris.source
  • 1791The ashes of Voltaire are transferred to the Panthéon. An estimated million people attend the procession.source
  • 1796The United States takes possession of Detroit from Great Britain, under the terms of the Jay Treaty.source
  • 1798The United States Marine Corps is re-established under its present name.source
  • 1798The United States Marine Corps is established by Congress (the Marine Corps had existed prior, see history of the United States Marine Corps).source
  • 1804Aaron Burr, Vice President of the United States, shoots former U.S. Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton during a duel; Hamilton dies the next day.source
  • 1810Frederick Hasselborough discovers Macquarie Island, in the subantarctic.source
  • 1811The Russian Empire removes Anton II, Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia, from his office, placing a Russian-appointed bishop at the head of the Georgian church.source
  • 1817an act to provide for the establishment of asylums for the lunatic poor in Ireland.source
  • 1818The Bank of the United States reverses its policy of expanding credit, and sends notices to its borrowers nationwide demanding immediate repayment of balances due; the defaults during the next six months will trigger the Panic of 1819.source
  • 1825The Danish schooner Vigilant captures the Spanish privateering schooner Adolpho north of Colibra in the West Indies.source
  • 1832Provisional postal convention between Belgium and the Office of the Prince of Tour and Taxis signed in Frankfurt am Main.source
  • 1832Order of Leopold established.source
  • 1836President Andrew Jackson issues the Specie Circular, beginning the failure of the land speculation economy that will lead to the Panic of 1837.source
  • 1848Waterloo railway station in London opens.source
  • 1849Hungarian Revolution of 1848 – Third Battle of Komárom: The Hungarian army, led by Arthur Görgey, is defeated by the Austrians, led by Julius Jacob von Haynau.source
  • 1858Saint Isaac's Cathedral in Saint Petersburg is consecratedsource
  • 1859Austro-Sardinian War – By the preliminary treaty signed at Villafranca, Italy, Lombardy is ceded to the French (who immediately cede it to Sardinia), while the Austrians keep Venetia, and the French promise to restore the Central Italian rulers expelled in the course of the war. This brings the Austro-Sardinian War effectively to a close.source
  • 1859The chimes of Big Ben ring for the first time in London.source
  • 1860Mutsuhito (the future Emperor Meiji) becomes Crown Prince of Japan.source
  • 1864Federation of Catholic Circles and Conservative Associations formed (later to become the more formalised Catholic Party)source
  • 1875Tanaka Manufacturing, a telecommunications factory in Ginza, Tokyo, a predecessor of Toshiba, a Japanese electromechanics giant, is founded.source
  • 1877July 9–19 – The All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club stages the first Wimbledon Championships in lawn tennis. English cricketer Spencer Gore becomes first Wimbledon gentlemen's singles champion (the only event held).source
  • 1882July 11–13 – Anglo-Egyptian War: The British Mediterranean Fleet carries out the Bombardment of Alexandria, its forces capturing the city of Alexandria, Egypt, and securing the Suez Canal.source
  • 1888snow falls across the country.source
  • 1893Liberal general and politician José Santos Zelaya leads a successful revolt in Nicaragua.source
  • 1893Kōkichi Mikimoto, in Japan, develops the method to seed and grow cultured pearls.source
  • 1894rebuilt St Cuthbert's Church, Edinburgh, dedicated.source
  • 1895July 10–11 – The Doukhobors' pacifist protests culminate in the "burning of the arms" in the South Caucasus.source
  • 1896Wilfrid Laurier becomes Canada's seventh prime minister, and the first French-speaker to hold that office.source
  • 1897S. A. Andrée's Arctic Balloon Expedition of 1897 begins. The ill-fated expedition to fly over the Arctic results in the death of the entire team within months.source
  • 1897The 1897 Gentofte train crash takes place.source
  • 1899In Turin, Giovanni Agnelli and eight investors form the Italian automobile manufacturer F.I.A.T., producers of the Fiat motor vehicles.source
  • 1899The automobile manufacturer Fiat, an acronym for Fabbrica Italiana di Automobili Torino, is established in Turin by a group of investors including Giovanni Agnelli. The company would become the major car making industry of Italy. The first Fiat plant opened in 1900 with 35 staff making 24 cars.source
  • 1902Lord Salisbury retires as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.source
  • 1905National Colliery disaster at Wattstown in the Rhondda valley of Wales: an underground explosion kills 120, with just one survivor.source
  • 1905National Colliery disaster at Wattstown in the Rhondda: an underground explosion kills 120, with just one survivor.source
  • 1905National Colliery disaster at Wattstown in the Rhondda: an underground explosion kills 120 men, with just one survivor.source
  • 1906Murder of Grace Brown, a factory worker whose killing causes a nationwide sensation.source
  • 1913Brazil's foreign minister, Lauro Müller, entertains US dignitaries on board the battleship Minas Geraes during his visit to New York.source
  • 1914USS Nevada, the United States Navy's first "super-dreadnought" battleship, is launched.source
  • 1914Baseball legend Babe Ruth makes his major league debut, with the Boston Red Sox.source
  • 1916The Gornbæk–Gilleleje extension of the Helsingør–Gornbæk Railway Line is inaugurated.source
  • 1916July 1–12 – Jersey Shore shark attacks of 1916: At least one shark attacks 5 swimmers along 80 mi of New Jersey coastline, resulting in 4 deaths and the survival of one youth, who requires limb amputation. This event is the inspiration for author Peter Benchley, over half a century later, to write Jaws.source
  • 1916July 1–12 – At least one shark mauls five swimmers along 80 mi of New Jersey coastline during the Jersey Shore shark attacks of 1916, resulting in four deaths and the survival of one youth who required limb amputation. This event is the inspiration for author Peter Benchley, over half a century later, to write Jaws.source
  • 1919The eight-hour day and free Sunday become law for workers in the Netherlands.source
  • 1920Split incident. After a Yugoslav flag is removed by two Italian naval officers in Split, a former Austro-Hungarian city under Italian military occupation, street conflict erupts between Italians and Croats. During a violent confrontation with a group of Croats, the captain and a sailor of Italian cruiser Puglia were shot and killed as well as a Croat civilian.source
  • 1921The Irish War of Independence ends under the terms of the truce (signed on 9 July) which becomes effective at noon between the British Army and the Irish Republican Army.source
  • 1922The Hollywood Bowl open-air music venue opens.source
  • 1925July 10–21 – Scopes trial: in a staged test case (the "Monkey Trial") in Dayton, Tennessee, United States, John T. Scopes, a young high school science teacher (technically arrested on May 5 and indicted on May 25) is accused of assigning a reading from a (state-mandated) textbook on Darwinian evolution in violation of a Tennessee state law, the "Butler Act". He is found guilty and fined $100, though the verdict is later overturned on a technicality. The trial makes explicit the fundamentalist–modernist controversy within the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America, with William Jennings Bryan (who dies on July 26) being challenged by the liberal Clarence Darrow.source
  • 1927The 1927 Jericho earthquake strikes Palestine, killing around 300 people; it is the largest ever recorded in this part of the Middle East. The effects are especially severe in Nablus, but damage and fatalities are also reported in many areas of Palestine and Transjordan, such as Amman, Salt, Jordan, and Lydda.source
  • 1927A 6.2-magnitude earthquake occurs in the regions of Palestine and Transjordan, killing an estimated 500 people. The effects are especially severe in Jerusalem and Nablus, but damage and fatalities are also reported in many other areas, including parts of Transjordan, in particular the town of Salt.source
  • 1930Australian cricketer Don Bradman scores a world record 309 runs in one day, on his way to the highest individual Test innings of 334, during a Test match against England.source
  • 1940Vichy France begins with a constitutional law which only eighty members of the parliament vote against. Philippe Pétain becomes Prime Minister of France.source
  • 1943Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia by the Ukrainian Insurgent Army within the Reichskommissariat Ukraine (Volhynia) peak.source
  • 1947The ship Exodus leaves France for Palestine, with 4,500 Jewish Holocaust survivor refugees on board.source
  • 1949Pamir is the last commercial sailing ship to round Cape Horn, under sail alone.source
  • 1951According to Japan Fire and Disaster Management Agency official confirmed report, a torrential heavy massive rain, affective Heiwa Lake collapsed in Kameoka, Kyoto Prefecture, killing 117 persons.source
  • 1957His Highness Prince Karim Aga Khan IV becomes the 49th Imam of the Shia Ismaili Muslims at age 20. His grandfather Sir Sultan Mohammed Shah Aga Khan III appoints Prince Karim in his will.source
  • 1960Congo Crisis: Moise Tshombe declares the Congolese province of Katanga independent. He requests and receives help from Belgium.source
  • 1960Moise Tshombe declared the Congolese province of Katanga independent, and, taking advantage of the Congo's dismissal of Belgian officers from the Congolese Army, asked for military aid from Belgium. The Congo's prime minister Patrice Lumumba asked the United Nations to intervene in the crisis.source
  • 1961Sino-North Korean Mutual Aid and Cooperation Friendship Treatysource
  • 196211 July (01:00 GMT) – First live transatlantic television transmission, via the Telstar communications satellite and Goonhilly Satellite Earth Station, is received in the UK and broadcast by the BBC. An error at the ground station causes the initial images to be of poor quality. A full public broadcast is made on 23 July.source
  • 1963South Africa: police raid Liliesleaf Farm to the north of Johannesburg, arresting a group of African National Congress leaders.source
  • 1966The 1966 FIFA World Cup begins in England.source
  • 1971The nationalization of all large copper mines in Chile is completed.source
  • 1971July 10–11 – Coup attempt in Morocco: 1,400 cadets take over the king's palace for three hours and kill 28 people; 158 rebels die when the king's troops storm the palace (ten high-ranking officers are later executed for involvement).source
  • 1971The Malaysian New Economic Policy was launched.source
  • 1972July 10–14 – The Democratic National Convention meets in Miami Beach. Senator George McGovern, who backs the immediate and complete withdrawal of U.S. troops from South Vietnam, is nominated for president. He names fellow Senator Thomas Eagleton as his running mate.source
  • 1972Curtis Mayfield releases the soundtrack to the 1972 film, Super Fly.source
  • 1972The long anticipated chess match between world champion Boris Spassky of the Soviet Union, and United States champion Bobby Fischer, begins in Iceland at Reykjavík.source
  • 1978At least 217 tourists die in an explosion of a tanker-truck at a campsite in Costa Daurada, Spain.source
  • 1978Los Alfaques disaster: a truck carrying highly flammable propylene explodes near Los Alfaques seaside campsite killing at least 217 people.source
  • 1979NASA's first orbiting space station, Skylab, begins falling back Earth as its orbit decays after more than six years.source
  • 1982Italy beats West Germany 3–1 to win the 1982 FIFA World Cup in Spain.source
  • 1983Fandi Ahmad signs for FC Groningen.source
  • 1983Reading Rainbow debuts on PBS.source
  • 1986The New Zealand Homosexual Law Reform Act decriminalizes consensual sex between men from the age of 16.source
  • 19871987 Australian federal election: Bob Hawke's Labor government is re-elected with an increased majority, defeating the Liberal Party led by John Howard and the National Party led by Ian Sinclair.source
  • 1987The Colombia national football team plays Argentina in the third place play off leading up to the 1987 Copa América. Colombia wins 2–1.source
  • 1987World population is estimated to have reached five billion people, according to the United Nations.source
  • 1989July 9–12 – U.S. President George H. W. Bush travels to Poland and Hungary, pushing for U.S. economic aid and investment.source
  • 1991A solar eclipse of record totality occurs in the Northern hemisphere and is witnessed by hundreds of millions of people in Hawaii, Mexico, Colombia and Brazil.source
  • 1991Solar eclipse of July 11, 1991source
  • 1991Nigeria Airways Flight 2120, a Douglas DC-8 operated by Canadian airline Nolisair, catches fire and crashes soon after takeoff from Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, killing all 261 people on board.source
  • 1995President Clinton announces the restoration of United States–Vietnam relations twenty years after the Vietnam War.source
  • 1995Srebrenica massacre: Units of the Army of Republika Srpska, under the command of General Ratko Mladić, enter Srebrenica with little resistance from Dutch peacekeepers of the United Nations Protection Force, going on to kill thousands of Bosniak men and boys and rape many women.source
  • 1995Srebrenica massacre occurred during the Bosnian War.source
  • 1995A Cubana de Aviación Antonov An-24 crashes into the Caribbean off southeast Cuba killing 44 people.source
  • 1996Arrest warrants are issued for Bosnian Serb war criminals Radovan Karadžić and Ratko Mladić by the Russell Tribunal in The Hague.source
  • 1997July 9–12: President Glafcos Clerides and his Turkish counterpart Rauf Denktaş held face-to-face talks with each other under U.N. auspices at Troutbeck, New York.source
  • 1997Royal Jomtien Resort Hotel fire at Pattaya, Thailand's worst hotel fire, kills 90.source
  • 1999India recaptures Kargil, forcing the Pakistani army to retreat. India announces victory, ending the 2-month conflict.source
  • 2000July 11–25 – A summit meeting takes place at Camp David between United States president Bill Clinton, Israeli prime minister Ehud Barak and Palestinian Authority chairman Yasser Arafat, ending without an agreement.source
  • 2002The discovery of the early hominid Sahelanthropus is announced.source
  • 2002The first synthetic virus is announced after being successfully created and tested at Stony Brook University.source
  • 2002Former Argentine junta leader Leopoldo Galtieri is arrested for the kidnap, torture, and murder of 20 leftist guerillas during the Dirty War.source
  • 2003Zahra Kazemi, Iranian-Canadian freelance photographer murdered by the Prosecutor Saeed Mortazavi. (born 1949)source
  • 2006A series of seven bomb blasts hits the city of Mumbai, India, killing more than 200 people.source
  • 200611 July 2006 Mumbai train bombings: A series of coordinated bomb attacks struck several commuter trains in Mumbai, India during the evening rush hour.source
  • 2008South Korea suspends all trips to North Korea's Mount Kumgang after a 53-year-old South Korean tourist is shot and killed by a North Korean sentry.source
  • 2015July 5–13 – Greek government-debt crisis: After six months of clashes and futile negotiations between Greece's newly elected, leftist government and the country's creditors, over the austerity measures imposed through bailout programmes, tension peaks as Greece votes in a referendum to reject the terms offered in a third programme; however, the government eventually proceeds to concur to harsher terms than those offered before, in what was widely characterized as a coup on the creditors' part.source
  • 2018July 11–12 – The 2018 Brussels NATO summit is held in Belgium.source
  • 2021Thousands of Cubans, most of them young, attend a rare anti-government protest in San Antonio de los Baños to protest the increased food and medicine shortages brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic.source
  • 2022The first operational image from the James Webb Space Telescope, showing the galaxy cluster SMACS 0723, is revealed to the public.source
  • 2022July 7 – July 17 – The 2022 World Games is held in Birmingham, Alabama, United States.source
  • 2025Mount Mulanje is designated as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO.source
  • 2025August 3 – The 2025 World Aquatics Championships are held in Singapore.source

Births

  • 154Bardaisan, Syriac gnostic (died 222)source
  • 1198Hōjō Shigetoki, Japanese samurai (died 1261)source
  • 1238Dafydd ap Gruffydd, prince of Wales (died 1283)source
  • 1274Robert the Bruce, king of Scotland (died 1329)source
  • 1406William, Margrave of Hachberg-Sausenberg, Margrave of Hachberg-Sausenberg (1428-1441) (died 1482)source
  • 1459Kaspar, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken, German nobleman (died 1527)source
  • 1484Ottaviano de' Medici, Italian politician (died 1546)source
  • 1558Robert Greene, English dramatist (died 1592)source
  • 1561Luís de Góngora y Argote, Spanish poet (died 1627)source
  • 1603Kenelm Digby, English privateer and alchemist (died 1665)source
  • 1628Tokugawa Mitsukuni, daimyō (died 1701)source
  • 1653Sarah Good, accused Massachusetts witch (died 1692)source
  • 1657King Frederick I of Prussia (died 1713)source
  • 1662Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria (died 1726)source
  • 1751Caroline Matilda, British princess, queen consort of Denmark (died 1775)source
  • 1767John Quincy Adams, sixth President of the United States, son of John Adams and Abigail Adams (died 1848)source
  • 1772John Rodgers, American naval officer (died 1838)source
  • 1916Gough Whitlam, 21st Prime Minister of Australia (died 2014)source
  • 1921Ülo Lepik, mathematician and mechanics researcher (died 2022)source
  • 1955Balaji Sadasivan, former Senior Minister of State for Foreign Affairs (died 2010).source
  • 1955Sim Soo-bong, Korean singersource

Deaths

  • 320Januarius and Pelagia, Roman Catholic priests, martyrs and saintssource
  • 472Anthemius, emperor of the Western Roman Empiresource
  • 937King Rudolph II of Burgundy dies after a 25-year reign, and is succeeded by his 12-year-old son Conrad I ("the Peaceful"). His wife, Queen Bertha, takes effective control of unified Burgundy, transferring its capital to Arles (that Burgundian kingdom was later known from the 12th century as the Kingdom of Arles).source
  • 937Rudolph II, king of Burgundysource
  • 969Olga of Kiev, princess and regent of Russia (born c. 890)source
  • 1003Al-Mansur al-Qasim al-Iyyani, Zaidi imamsource
  • 1004Theobald II, French noblemansource
  • 1174Amalric I, king of Jerusalem (born 1136)source
  • 1174King Amalric I dies of dysentery after an 11-year reign. He is succeeded by his 13-year-old son Baldwin IV (the Leper), who becomes ruler of Jerusalem. Count Raymond III of Tripoli is appointed as his regent.source
  • 1226Al-Zahir bi-Amr Allah, caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate (born 1175)source
  • 1297King Louis IX of France (died 1270) is canonized by Boniface VIII. Louis a devout Christian of the Catholic Church, banned during his reign prostitution, gambling, blasphemy and judicial duels.source
  • 1302Raoul II of Clermont, French nobleman and knight — Battle of the Golden Spurssource
  • 1302Count Robert II of Artois, French nobleman and seneschal (born 1250) — Battle of the Golden Spurssource
  • 1302Guy I of Clermont, French nobleman and knight — Battle of the Golden Spurssource
  • 1302Robert II, French nobleman and seneschal (born 1250)source
  • 1302Godfrey of Brabant, Lord of Aarschot and Vierzon, and his son John of Vierzonsource
  • 133211 July William de Bermingham, hung at Dublinsource
  • 1344Ulrich III, Count of Württemberg (born c. 1286)source
  • 1362Anna von Schweidnitz, empress of Charles IV (born 1339) (childbirth)source
  • 1382Nicole Oresme, French philosopher (born 1325)source
  • 1451Barbara of Cilli, Holy Roman Empress, queen consort of Hungary and Bohemia (born 1392)source
  • 1484Mino da Fiesole, Italian sculptor (born c. 1429)source
  • 1505Hugh Roe O'Donnell, King of Tyrconnellsource
  • 1509William II, Landgrave of Hesse, German nobleman (born 1469)source
  • 1535Joachim I Nestor, Elector of Brandenburg (born 1484)source
  • 1536July 11 or July 12 – Erasmus, Dutch philosopher (born 1466)source
  • 1576Eleonora di Garzia di Toledo, Italian noble (died 1553)source
  • 1593Giuseppe Arcimboldo, Italian painter (born 1526)source
  • 1599Chōsokabe Motochika, Japanese Sengoku Period daimyōsource
  • 1665Kenelm Digby, English privateer (born 1603)source
  • 1688King Narai of Thailand (born 1639)source
  • 1690Frederick Schomberg, 1st Duke of Schomberg, Marshal of France (born 1615)source
  • 1766Elisabeth Farnese, queen of Philip V of Spain (born 1692)source
  • 1768José de Nebra, Spanish composer (born 1702)source
  • 1774Sir William Johnson, 1st Baronet, Anglo-Irish official of the British Empire (born 1715)source
  • 1774Sir William Johnson, 1st Baronet, superintendent of northern Indians (born 1715)source
  • 1829Hannah Mather Crocker, American essayist, advocate of women's rights in America (born 1752)source
  • 1833Yagan, Noongar indigenous Australian warrior (killed) (born c. 1795)source
  • 1892Ravachol, French illegalist anarchist (born 1859)source
  • 1905Muhammad Abduh, Egyptian philosopher, jurist (born 1849)source
  • 1908July 11–12 – The steamship Amalthea, housing 80 British strikebreakers in Malmö harbour, Sweden, is bombed by Anton Nilson; 1 is killed, 20 injured.source
  • 1937George Gershwin, American composer (born 1898)source
  • 1989Laurence Olivier, 82, English actor and director (Hamlet, Wuthering Heights, Rebecca), renal failure.source
  • 2015Nintendo's president and CEO Satoru Iwata dies.source
  • 2015Satoru Iwata, 55, Japanese game programmer (Super Smash Bros., Pokémon), president and CEO of Nintendo (since 2002), bile duct cancer.source