/year

April 22 in history

183 sourced entries recorded on April 22, from 43 BCE to 2025 CE. Every line is quoted from the revision it came from.

Events

  • 424Flavius Anthemius Isidorus becomes the new Praetorian prefect of Illyricum, comprising most of Greece and Serbia, taking office at the capital, Sirmium (now Sremska Mitrovica in Serbia).source
  • 850Gunther becomes archbishop of Cologne (modern Germany).source
  • 967The Cambodian temple Banteay Srei is consecrated and dedicated to the Hindu god Shiva.source
  • 1121Antipope Gregory VIII (supported by Emperor Henry V) is arrested by papal troops at Sutri. He is taken to Rome and imprisoned in the Septizonium.source
  • 1216Battle of Lipitsa: The Kievan princes Mstislav Mstislavich and Konstantin of Rostov defeat Konstantin's younger brothers Yuri II and Yaroslav II for the rule of the Principality of Vladimir-Suzdal (modern Russia).source
  • 1275The first Statute of Westminster, drawn up between Parliament and Edward I, defines the legal privileges that landowners are allowed. These are based on the investigations carried out in 1274 into the landowner's rights to own their land. Establishing a series of laws into 51 chapters, including equal treatment of rich and poor, free and fair elections, and definition of Bailable and non-bailable offenses.source
  • 1302In modern-day Turkey, Byzantine Emperor Michael IX Palaiologos launches a military campaign against Turkish forces who have been conducting raids, and marches from Constantinople. His army travels southward as far as Magnesia ad Maeander (the ruins of which are now near the town of Ortaklar in what is now Turkey's Aydin Province). Palaiologos seeks to directly confront the Turkish forces, but is dissuaded by his generals. In the meantime, the Turks resume their raids, isolating Michael at Magnesia. His army is dissolved without a battle, as the local forces are left behind to defend their homes. The Alans (Byzantine mercenaries) too leave, to rejoin their families in Thrace. Michael is forced to withdraw by the sea, followed by another wave of refugees.source
  • 1303Battle of Marj al-Saffar: Egyptian Mamluk forces (some 20,000 men) under Sultan Al-Nasir Muhammad defeat a Mongol army and their Armenian allies led by Qutlugh-Shah, on the plain of Marj al-Saffar. After the battle, Egyptian forces enters Damascus and chases the Mongols as far as Al-Qaryatayn in Syria. Al-Nasir returns to Cairo in triumph through the Bab al-Nasr ("Victory Gate") with chained prisoners of war.source
  • 1313On the first Sunday after Easter, the French ship Ste Marie is shipwrecked on England's Isle of Wight at Chale Bay. Residents nearby loot the ship of its cargo, casks of wine belonging to Regimus de Depe of Aquitaine. As an act of penance, the Lord of Chale, Walder de Godeton, builds the St Catherine's Oratory.source
  • 1322Albert IV becomes the new Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg in Germany upon the death of his father, John II.source
  • 1345Battle of Gamenario: The Lombards defeat the Angevins in the northwest region of present-day Italy, just southeast of Turin.source
  • 1418The Council of Constance ends.source
  • 1420A dispute between the County of Nassau-Siegen and the Electorate of Trier over who shall be made count of Isenburg-Limburg is settled after negotiations.source
  • 1426The Second Scutari War between the Republic of Venice and the Serbian Despotate is formally ended by the signing of a treaty at the then Serbian city of Vushtrri in what is now Albania.source
  • 1427In France, Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset, is granted the control of the county of Mortain in Normandy by the Duke of Bedford, Regent for King Henry VI in France, as a reward for his military service during the war against the French.source
  • 1428After an attack by the Ottoman Empire on Venetian outposts on the Greek island of Euboea, the Republic of Venice, presided over by the Doge Francesco Foscari, authorizes Admiral Andrea Mocenigo to organize 15 warships to hunt and destroy the Ottoman raiders.source
  • 1447(5 Safar 851 AH) Khwaja Ubaidullah Ahrar becomes the new leader of the tariqa (order) of Süleymancılar among adherents of Sufism in what is now Turkey.source
  • 1453The Ottoman Army commanded by Ibrahim Pasha, invades Albania and is defeated at the Battle of Polog, losing most of its force of 14,000 men, including Ibrahim himself, while the Albanians, led by Skanderbeg, lose only 300 troops.source
  • 1500Portuguese navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral and his crew on 13 vessels arrive in Brazil, anchoring at Monte Pascoal and naming the country Vera Cruz. Cabral claims the land for the Kingdom of Portugal.source
  • 15046th Portuguese India Armada (Albergaria, 1504) sets sail for India, and arrives late August/Early Septembersource
  • 1517In what is now Romania, Stephen IV becomes the new Prince of Moldavia at Suceava upon the death of his father, Bogdan III the One-Eyed.source
  • 1529The Treaty of Zaragoza divides the eastern hemisphere between the Spanish and Portuguese empires, stipulating that the dividing line should lie 297.5 leagues or 17° east of the Moluccas.source
  • 1548Sir Edward Bellingham is appointed Lord Deputy of Ireland.source
  • 1573Eighty Years' War: The Battle of Borsele is fought as a fleet of Spanish ships is intercepted by Dutch Calvinist rebels (the Geuzen). While some of the ships are able to complete their mission of supplying the Spanish-governed Netherlands cities of Middelburg and Arnemuiden, most are forced to retreat to Amberes in the Spanish Netherlands, now Antwerp in Belgium.source
  • 1601The first expedition of the East India Company sets sail from England for the Spice Islands with John Davis as pilot-major.source
  • 1622Hormuz is captured from the Portuguese, by an Anglo-Persian force.source
  • 1622Capture of Ormuz from the Portuguese by an Anglo-Persian force.source
  • 1637The Croquants' revolt begins in Périgord, resulting in the deaths of two sergeants.source
  • 1639Pope Urban VIII issues a papal bull prohibiting slavery in the New World colonies of Spain and Portugal, encompassing most of Latin America.source
  • 1659Under pressure from the English Army in London, which has assembled troops outside of Westminster, Richard Cromwell, Lord Protector of England, Scotland and Ireland, dissolves the Third Protectorate Parliament, the last for the Commonwealth.source
  • 1660General John Lambert, having escaped from imprisonment in the Tower of London and attempted to rekindle the Civil War in favour of the Commonwealth by issuing a proclamation calling on all supporters of the "Good Old Cause" to rally on the battlefield of Edgehill, is recaptured at Daventry by Colonel Richard Ingoldsby.source
  • 1662The Paugussett tribe, granted reservations in the British colony of Connecticut in North America, sell a large amount of tribal land to Captain Joseph Hawley including several towns in Fairfield County: Shelton, Trumbull, Derby and Monroe.source
  • 1664The fortified town Frederiksodde is renamed Fredericia.source
  • 1668Tenzin Dalai Khan is proclaimed as the new Protector King of Tibet by the 5th Dalai Lama, following the death of Tenzin's father, Dayan Khan.source
  • 1671Navigation Act passed by the Parliament of England prohibits direct imports from the English colonies to Ireland.source
  • 1676The Battle of Augusta is fought in the Mediterranean Sea off of the coast of Sicily during the Franco-Dutch War. The French Navy and the combined Dutch Republic and Spanish forces each lose over 500 men.source
  • 1686In the wake of Savoy's newest repression of the Protestant Valdesi, a third war breaks out and Protestant pastor Henri Arnaud leads the resistance with 3,000 rebel soldiers against 8,500 Savoyard soldiers and mercenaries. The Valdesi are overwhelmed within one month.source
  • 1686April 20–April 24 – three Roman Catholic judges are appointed to Ireland (but Charles Ingleby refuses to travel there).source
  • 1695Sürmeli Ali Pasha is fired from his position as Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire, after coming into a disagreement with the new Sultan, Mustafa II. Sürmeli is initially sent into exile, but executed on the Sultan's orders on May 29.source
  • 1709Hugo Octavius Accoramboni was given the title Marquis of Lista.source
  • 173422 April to 6 June – general election results in Robert Walpole winning his third victory as Prime Minister.source
  • 1737In Afghanistan, Persian shah Nader Shah begins the 11-month Siege of Kandahar against the Pashtun Emir of Afghanistan, Hussain Hotak. The surviving Afghanis surrender on March 24, 1738.source
  • 1737Lots are first advertised for sale in the new town of Richmond, Virginia, by the placement of a notice by William Byrd in the Virginia Gazette. According to the paper, "... on the North Side of James River, near the Uppermost Landing, and a little below the Falls, is lately laid off by Major Mayo, a Town, called Richmond, with Streets 65 Feet wide, in a pleasant and healthy Situation, and well supply'd with Springs of good Water. It lies near the Publick Warehouse at Shoccoe's, and in the midst of great Quantities of Grain, and all kind of Provisions. The Lots will be granted in Fee Simple, on Condition only of building a House in Three Years Time, of 24 by 16 Feet, fronting within 5 Feet of the Street. The Lots to be rated according to the Convenience of their Situation, and to be sold after this April General Court, by me, William Byrd."source
  • 1745Having recently turned 18, Bavaria's ruler Maximilian III Joseph agrees to sign the Treaty of Füssen with Austria, withdrawing Bavaria from further participation in the War of the Austrian Succession, and agreeing to support Austria's candidate for the next Holy Roman Emperor.source
  • 1752Adam Smith, appointed the year before as a professor of logic, is unanimously elected by the faculty of the University of Glasgow to be the new Professor of Moral Philosophy "on the express condition that he would content himself with the emoluments of the Logic Professorship until 10 October", in that the 1751-1752 salary budgeted for the job has already been distributed to faculty members who had substituted for the previous moral philosophy professor, Thomas Craigie; from April to October, Smith's remuneration for teaching moral philosophy is limited to fees paid directly to him by his students (a half guinea per semester for the public class, and a guinea per semester for the private class). Smith's lectures on ethics are first published in 1759 in his work The Theory of Moral Sentiments.source
  • 1760Belgian entertainer Joseph Mervin is said to have given the first demonstration of roller skates, in a performance at the Carlisle House in London, but the stunt ends in disaster.source
  • 1773An earthquake occurs in the Caernarfon area, with an estimated strength of 3.7.source
  • 1793George Washington signs the Neutrality Proclamation.source
  • 1809Battle of Eckmühl: French troops under Napoleon I and Marshal Davout defeat the Austrians, under Archduke Charles.source
  • 181822 April–26 May – Select Committee of the House of Commons inquires into fever in Ireland. Typhus epidemic continues.source
  • 1820Walter Scott is created 1st baronet of Abbotsford in the County of Roxburgh in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom.source
  • 1834Spain, France, Portugal and the United Kingdom sign the Quadruple Alliance.source
  • 1836Texas Revolution: Forces under Texas General Sam Houston capture Mexican General Antonio López de Santa Anna.source
  • 1843The Southern Cross publishes its first issue. The Auckland-based newspaper publishes weekly, with a hiatus in 1845–1847, and from 1862 daily when it will also change its name to The Daily Southern Cross. It will eventually merge with The New Zealand Herald in 1876.source
  • 1848Treason Felony Act passed, reducing certain categories of capital high treason to felony punishable by penal transportation.source
  • 1849The first Kennedy arrives in America.source
  • 1861Legislative election.source
  • 1862Global financial group UBS is founded in Switzerland as the Bank in Winterthur.source
  • 1864The phrase "In God We Trust" appears for the first time on the newly created two-cent piece.source
  • 1864The United States Congress passes the Coinage Act of 1864, which makes privately issued Civil War tokens illegal. An additional law is passed on June 8 to include all private coinage.source
  • 1864The U.S. Congress passes the Coinage Act of 1864 which mandates that the inscription "In God We Trust" be placed on all coins minted as United States currency.source
  • 1878The Stawell Gift is run for the first time on Easter Monday in April.source
  • 1884Colchester earthquake ("the Great English earthquake") measuring EMS-98 VIII (Heavily damaging) is the UK's most destructive, although no direct fatalities can be confirmed.source
  • 1885Dvořák's Symphony No. 7 is premiered at St James's Hall in London with the composer himself conducting.source
  • 1887A cyclone hits a pearling fleet off Eighty Mile Beach, 120 men drown.source
  • 1889At high noon in Oklahoma Territory, thousands rush to claim land in the Land Rush of 1889. Within hours the cities of Oklahoma City and Guthrie are formed, with populations of at least 10,000.source
  • 1895Gongche Shangshu movement: 603 candidates sign a 10,000-word petition against the Treaty of Shimonoseki.source
  • 1897King Umberto I is attacked by an unemployed anarchist ironsmith, Pietro Acciarito, who tried to stab him near Rome.source
  • 1900Battle of Kousséri: French forces secure their domination of Chad. Warlord Rabih az-Zubayr is defeated and killed.source
  • 1911A passenger train from Port Alfred to Grahamstown, South Africa derails on the Blaauwkrantz Bridge, and plunges into the ravine 200 ft below, killing 31 and seriously injuring 23.source
  • 1915WWI: Start of Second Battle of Ypres – Germany makes its first large scale use of poison gas on the Western Front.source
  • 1918Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia declare their independence from Russia as the Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic.source
  • 1920April 19–26 – San Remo conference: Representatives of Italy, France, the United Kingdom, and Japan meet to determine the League of Nations mandates for administration of territories, following the partitioning of the Ottoman Empire.source
  • 1920April 19–26 – San Remo conference held at Castle Devachan in Sanremo, Italy. Representatives of Italy, France, the United Kingdom and Japan meet to determine the League of Nations mandates for administration of territories following partitioning of the Ottoman Empire. The conference was attended by the four Principal Allied Powers of World War I who were represented by the prime ministers of Britain (David Lloyd George), France (Alexandre Millerand), Italy (Francesco Nitti) and by Japan's Ambassador Keishirō Matsui.source
  • 1922The Lambda chapter of the Alpha Kappa Alpha sorority (the first chapter of a black sorority in New York State) is chartered.source
  • 1926Modern Obligations codesource
  • 1927April 22–May 5 – The Great Mississippi Flood of 1927 strikes 700,000 people, in the greatest natural disaster in American history through this time.source
  • 1928An Ms 6.0 earthquake affects southern Greece with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent), leaving 20 dead, and destroying 3,000 homes in Corinth; a non-destructive tsunami is also observed.source
  • 1930The United Kingdom, Japan and the United States sign the London Naval Treaty to regulate submarine warfare and limit naval shipbuilding.source
  • 1931Austria, the UK, Denmark, Germany, Italy, Sweden and the United States recognize the Spanish Republic.source
  • 1933Agreement with the creditors of Ottoman Public Debt Administrationsource
  • 1942Egil "Drillo" Olsen, international soccer player and coachsource
  • 1946Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej attends a meeting of Jewish organizations, calling for the creation of a Jewish Democratic Committee within the Romanian Communist Party.source
  • 1946Sazae-san is first published.source
  • 1947British Royal Navy aircraft carrier HMS Centaur (laid down 1944) is launched at the Harland and Wolff shipyard in Belfast.source
  • 1948Civil War in Mandatory Palestine: Battle of Haifa – Jewish paramilitary group Haganah captures Haifa from the Arab Liberation Army.source
  • 1948WTVR begins television services. WTVR is the first TV station south of Washington D.C., giving it the nickname "The South's First Television station".source
  • 1954The 1951 United Nations Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees comes into force, defining the status of refugees and setting out the basis for granting right of asylum.source
  • 1954Senator Joseph McCarthy begins hearings investigating the United States Army for being "soft" on Communism.source
  • 1955April 18–24 – The Asian-African Conference is held in Bandung, Indonesia.source
  • 1958Jordanian soldiers shot and killed two Israeli fishermen near Aqaba.source
  • 1961Algiers putsch: Four French generals who oppose de Gaulle's policies in Algeria fail in a coup attempt.source
  • 1963Lester Bowles Pearson becomes the 14th Prime Minister of Canada.source
  • 1963April 21–23 – The first election of the Supreme Institution of the Baháʼí Faith (known as the Universal House of Justice, whose seat is at the Baháʼí World Centre on Mount Carmel in Haifa, Israel) is held.source
  • 1964The 1964 New York World's Fair opens to celebrate the 300th anniversary of New Amsterdam being taken over by British forces under the Duke of York (later King James II) and being renamed New York in 1664. The fair runs until October 18, 1964 and reopens April 21, 1965, finally closing October 17, 1965. Although not officially sanctioned as a world's fair, due to being within 10 years of the Seattle World's Fair in 1962, so that some countries decline to attend, many have pavilions with exotic crafts, art and food.source
  • 1969English sailor Robin Knox-Johnston becomes the first person to sail around the world solo without stopping.source
  • 1978Representing Luxembourg, Baccara finishes seventh in the Eurovision Song Contest 1978 with the song Parlez-vous français?.source
  • 1978April 18– 30 – The Khmer Rouge massacres 3,157 civilians in Ba Chúc, Vietnam.source
  • 1978Izhar Cohen & the Alphabeta win the Eurovision Song Contest 1978 for Israel with their song A-Ba-Ni-Bi.source
  • 1978Izhar Cohen and the Alphabeta win the Eurovision Song Contest for Israel with the song "A-Ba-Ni-Bi".source
  • 1978The One Love Peace Concert is held at National Heroes Stadium in Kingston, Jamaica.source
  • 1979The Albert Einstein Memorial is unveiled at the National Academy of Sciences in Washington, D.C.source
  • 19791979 Nahariya attack: A group of four Palestinian Liberation Front militants, including the 16-year-old Samir Kuntar, enter Israel from Lebanon by boat and infiltrate the Israeli town of Nahariya, located ten kilometers south of the Lebanese border. The squad murder four Israeli civilians, including three members of one family: Danny Haran and his children, Einat Haran (age four) and Yael Haran (age two).source
  • 1981The Israeli government indicates that it may be willing to back down from its controversial plans to takeover the Palestinian Jerusalem District Electricity Company.source
  • 1983A reactor shutdown due to failure of fuel rods occurs at Kursk Nuclear Power Plant, Russia.source
  • 1990Earth Day 20 is celebrated by millions worldwide.source
  • 1990Lebanon hostage crisis: Lebanese kidnappers release American educator Robert Polhill, who had been held hostage since January 1987.source
  • 1991A 7.7 Mw Limon earthquake strikes Costa Rica and Panama with a maximum Mercalli intensity, causing between 47 and 87 deaths and up to 759 injuries.source
  • 1993The China National Space Administration is established.source
  • 1997A 126-day hostage crisis at the residence of the Japanese ambassador in Lima, Peru.source
  • 2000German Erik Zabel wins the Amstel Gold Racesource
  • 2001Kfar Saba bombing: A Palestinian Arab suicide bomber kills an Israeli doctor of American origin in Kfar Saba and injures 60 others. Hamas claims responsibility.source
  • 2004Ryongchon disaster: Two trains carrying explosives and fuel collide in Ryongchon, North Korea, killing 161 people, injuring 1,300 and destroying thousands of homes.source
  • 2005Rumors abound that a nuclear test by North Korea may be imminent, and that the United States is urging the People's Republic of China to pressure North Korea not to do so.source
  • 2007April 15–22 – Three major marathon races were won by Kenyan men: Rotterdam Marathon was won by Joshua Chelanga, Boston Marathon by Robert Cheruiyot and London Marathon by Martin Lel.source
  • 2009Ten of thousands Ethiopians attend the state funeral of singer Tilahun Gessesse, becoming the largest lying of state since the funeral of Emperor Haile Selassie.source
  • 2010NATO foreign ministers agree to launch a Membership Action Plan for Bosnia and Herzegovina.source
  • 2012Sebastian Vettel won the 2012 Bahrain Grand Prix during protests.source
  • 2016The Samoan Islands brace for the impact of Cyclone Amos as the Fiji Meteorological Service upgrades the cyclone to a category three storm, with sustained winds as high as 140 km/h at its centre.source
  • 201722 April 2017 to 1 July 2017 – 2017 Democratic Republic of the Congo Ebola virus outbreaksource
  • 2020Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps deploys the country's first military satellite, using a new satellite carrier called "Ghased" ("Messenger").source
  • 2021World leaders mark Earth Day by hosting a virtual summit on climate change, during which more ambitious targets for greenhouse gas emission reductions are proposed, including a 40% cut by 2030 for the United States.source
  • 2021256,800 AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccines arrived in Syria, under the UN backed COVAX initiative to vaccinate frontline health workers. Provided by the Serum Institute of India, the majority of the doses arrived in Damascus, while 53,000 doses were delivered to the northwest.source
  • 2022The Large Hadron Collider recommences full operations, three years after being shut down for upgrades.source
  • 2025Pakistan backed attackers affiliated with The Resistance Front open fire on a group of tourists after asking their religion at the Baisaran Valley in Jammu and Kashmir, India, killing 26 and injuring at least 20.source

Births

  • 1168Abubakar ibn Gussom, Arab poet (died 1242)source
  • 1412Reinhard III, Count of Hanau (1451–1452) (died 1452)source
  • 1444Elizabeth of York, Duchess of Suffolk (died 1503)source
  • 1451Queen Isabella I of Castile, Castillian queen regnant and first queen of a united Spain (by marriage to Ferdinand of Aragon) (died 1504)source
  • 1513Tachibana Dōsetsu, Japanese Daimyō (died 1585)source
  • 1518King Antoine of Navarre, father of Henry IV of France (died 1562)source
  • 1518Antoine de Bourbon, father of Henry IV of France (died 1562)source
  • 1592Wilhelm Schickard, German inventor (died 1635)source
  • 1601Charles Philip, Duke of Södermanland, prince (died 1622)source
  • 1610Pope Alexander VIII (died 1691)source
  • 1690John Carteret, 2nd Earl Granville, British statesman (died 1763)source
  • 1690John Carteret, 2nd Earl Granville, statesman (died 1763)source
  • 1707Henry Fielding, English novelist and dramatist known for his earthy humour and satire (died 1754)source
  • 1724Immanuel Kant, German philosopher (died 1804)source
  • 1759James Freeman, first clergyman in America to call himself a Unitarian (died 1835)source
  • 1766Germaine de Staël, French author (died 1817)source
  • 1789Manuel Gómez Pedraza, 6th president of Mexico (died 1851)source
  • 1812Solomon Caesar Malan, Genevan orientalist (died 1894)source
  • 1844Lewis Powell, attempted assassin of United States Secretary of State William H. Seward, conspirator with John Wilkes Booth (died 1865)source
  • 1861István Tisza, 2-time prime minister of Hungary (died 1918)source
  • 1866Hans von Seeckt, German general (died 1936)source
  • 1870Vladimir Lenin, Russian revolutionary, first Premier of the Soviet Union (died 1924)source
  • 1899Vladimir Nabokov, Russian-born American writer (died 1977)source
  • 1904J. Robert Oppenheimer, American physicist (died 1967)source
  • 1918Ibrahim Kodra, Albanian paintersource
  • 1934Ene-Margit Tiit, Estonian statisticiansource
  • 1970Regine Velasquez, Filipino singer and actresssource
  • 1986Marshawn Lynch, American football playersource

Deaths

  • 43 BCEGaius Vibius Pansa, Roman consul and general (killed in battle)source
  • 296Caius, bishop of Romesource
  • 296Pope Caius dies after a 13-year reign and is succeeded by Marcellinus as the 29th pope of Rome.source
  • 536Pope Agapetus I dies in Constantinople, after a reign of just ten months. He is succeeded by Silverius as the 58th pope.source
  • 613Saint Theodore of Sykeon, Byzantine asceticsource
  • 846Wu Zong, emperor of the Tang Dynasty (born 814)source
  • 846Emperor Wu Zong (Li Chan) dies after a 6-year reign. He is succeeded by his uncle Xuān Zong, as Chinese ruler of the Tang Dynasty.source
  • 1179Humphrey II, constable and lord of Toron (born 1117)source
  • 1208Philip of Poitou (or Poitiers), bishop of Durhamsource
  • 1253Elias of Cortona, Italian friar and vicar generalsource
  • 1322Francis of Fabriano, Italian priest and writer (born 1251)source
  • 1322John II, German nobleman, knight and co-ruler (born 1275)source
  • 1355Eleanor of Woodstock, countess regent of Guelders, eldest daughter of King Edward II of England (born 1318)source
  • 1494Philippe de Crèvecœur d'Esquerdes, military commander (born 1418)source
  • 1535Louis de Gorrevod, clergyman (born c.1473)source
  • 1585Henry of Saxe-Lauenburg, Prince-Archbishop of Bremen, Prince-Bishop of Osnabrück and Paderborn (born 1550)source
  • 1616Miguel de Cervantes, Spanish author (born 1547)source
  • 1627Ahmad Baba al Massufi, Malian academic (born 1556)source
  • 1763Jared Eliot, Connecticut farmer, writer on horticulture (born 1685)source
  • 1833Richard Trevithick, English inventor (born 1771)source
  • 1854Nicolás Bravo, 3-time President of Mexico (born 1786)source
  • 1854Nicolás Bravo, 11th Mexican President (born 1786)source
  • 1908Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (born 1836)source
  • 1933Sir Henry Royce, English car manufacturer (born 1863)source
  • 1984Ansel Adams, 82 American photographer, cardiovascular diseasesource
  • 1986Mircea Eliade, 79, Romanian-born American writer and historian.source
  • 1994Richard Nixon, 81, 37th President of the United States, stroke.source
  • 1998Vadym Hetman, Chairman of the National Bank of Ukraine 1992–1993source
  • 1999Former vice-president Joseph W.S. de Graft-Johnson dies in London after a short illness.source
  • 2017Michele Scarponi, 37, Italian racing cyclist, 2011 Giro d'Italia winner, traffic collision.source