/year

July 19 in history

202 sourced entries recorded on July 19, from 64 CE to 2024 CE. Every line is quoted from the revision it came from.

Events

  • 64July 18- 27 – Great Fire of Rome: A fire begins which destroyed three of fourteen of the administrative regions of Rome, more commonly known as the Palatine Hill, the Circus Maximus, and the Oppian hill. Also suffering severe damage were the Campus Martius and the Via Lata.source
  • 484Leontius, Roman usurper, is crowned emperor at Tarsus (modern Turkey). Empress dowager Verina sends a letter to the governors of the Diocese of the East and the Diocese of Egypt for support. He is recognized in Antioch and makes it his capital.source
  • 711Battle of Guadalete: The Muslim Arabs defeat the Visigothic army (33,000 men) under King Roderick, who dies in battle. The Visigoth capital of Toledo opens its city gates; Tariq ibn Ziyad sends Moorish detachments to capture the cities of Córdoba and Seville (Andalusia).source
  • 939Battle of Simancas: Caliph Abd-al-Rahman III of Córdoba claims a Jihad ('Holy War') and raises an army of 100,000 men to end the Kingdom of León. He razes the cities of Medina del Campo, Ìscar and Alcazarén (previously abandoned by their population) and finally, reaches the city of Simancas (near modern-day Valladolid), where Christian forces under King Ramiro II wait for him. After three days, Ramiro defeats the Moorish army with an alliance of Castile and Navarre. Abd-al-Rahman orders a retreat along the Duero River, and is almost killed, due, most likely, to treason by Arab elements in the Moorish army.source
  • 998Battle of Apamea: Byzantine forces under governor (doux) Damian Dalassenos besiege the fortress city of Apamea for control over northern Syria. The Fatimids send a relief army from Damascus – and defeat the Byzantines, Dalassenos is killed by a Kurdish officer in battle.source
  • 1324(26 Rajab 724 AH) Mansa Musa, the extraordinarily-wealthy Emperor of Africa's Mali Empire, arrives in Cairo after three days of camping by the pyramids of Giza, and brings with him a large entourage of fellow Muslim pilgrims and a vast supply of gold. Musa, who is making the pilgrimage to Mecca, meets with Egypt's Sultan al-Nasir Muhammad and stays in Cairo for three months before departing with the pilgrims on October 18.source
  • 1333Wars of Scottish Independence - Battle of Halidon Hill: Edward III of England decisively defeats Sir Archibald Douglas. Berwick-upon-Tweed returns to English control.source
  • 1333Battle of Halidon Hill results in decisive English victorysource
  • 1367King Charles V of France issues a royal edict ordering the bonne villes (defined as "the French town that enjoyed especial royal favour") to improve their defenses by improving town walls, towers and gateways.source
  • 1384Portugal's Navy, with 34 ships, breaks the Castilian blockade of bhe besieged city of Lisbon, defeating a force of 53 Castilian ships in the Battle of Tejo.source
  • 1463The Treaty of Wiener Neustadt is signed between the Kingdom of Hungary and the Holy Roman Empire.source
  • 1488France's siege of Fougères in Brittany, led by General Louis de la Trémoille, ends after seven days with the French capture of the city.source
  • 1495The League of Venice (with troops from Venice, Milan and Mantua) begins the two-month Siege of Novara in the Duchy of Milan to drive out the French occupiers led by the Duke of Orleans.source
  • 1530Turkish Ottoman troops attempt to take the Hungarian town of Nagykörű but, according to local legend, the Turkish soldiers are lost in a marsh protecting the city.source
  • 1544Italian War of 1542–46: King Henry VIII of England begins the siege of the city of Boulogne in northern France and continues for almost two months before the city surrenders.source
  • 1544September 18: First Siege of Boulogne in France during the Italian War of 1542–1546. An Irish contingent serving with the English army is led by Piers Power, 2nd Lord Le Power and Curraghmore who is fatally wounded.source
  • 1545July 18–19 – Battle of the Solent between English and French fleets. The engagement is inconclusive but on July 19 Henry VIII of England's flagship, the Mary Rose, sinks.source
  • 1545The Royal Navy's flagship, the Mary Rose, is sunk along with 365 of its 400 crewsource
  • 1551The Treaty of Weissenburg goes into effect as John Sigismund Zápolya, King of Hungary since 1540, abdicates in favor of Archduke Ferdinand of Austria. In addition, the independent Kingdom of Transylvania, ruled by Isabella Jagiellon, is ceded to the Kingdom of Hungary as part of peace with Ferdinand.source
  • 1553The Lord Mayor of London proclaims Mary I the rightful Queen, following a change of allegiance by the Privy Council; Lady Jane Grey voluntarily abdicates.source
  • 1553Mary I is proclaimed Queen of England and Ireland following the death of Edward VI, leading to restoration of Papal authority (until 1558).source
  • 1557July 10 – July 19: Thomas Radclyffe (newly succeeded as Earl of Sussex), Lord Deputy of Ireland, campaigns against the O'Connors of Offaly.source
  • 1572Wanli Emperor of China ascends the throne at the age of nine; he will rule for 48 years.source
  • 1590The day after his 12th birthday, Ferdinand of Habsburg becomes the new Archduke of Inner Austria (Innerösterreich) upon the death, in Graz, of his father Charles II. A regency council rules in the place of Ferdinand until 1596.source
  • 1629Anglo-French War (1627–1629): New France's Samuel de Champlain surrenders the city of Quebec to an English force led by David Kirke.source
  • 1631Marie de' Medici flees from Compiègne to the Low Countries.source
  • 1648The last major battle of the Thirty Years' War, the Battle of Prague ends in a Swedish victory after three days of fighting over the army of Bohemia. The troops loot the Prague Castle and steal many of Bohemia's most valuable artifacts.source
  • 1663Acting as intermediaries between the Dutch and Esopus war parties, a group of three Mohawk Indians obtain the release of the first four hostages who had been taken hostage in the Esopus attack on Wildwyck, two women and two children.source
  • 1675July 16–24 – An envoy from Massachusetts attempts to negotiate with the Nipmuck tribe.source
  • 1682Iyasus succeeds his father Yohannes I as Emperor of Ethiopia.source
  • 169319 July (29 July New Style) – Nine Years' War: The Dutch-English army led personally by King William III of England is defeated by the French (with Irish Jacobite mercenaries) at the Battle of Landen near Neerwinden in Flemish Brabant.source
  • 1701Crossing of the Düna: Following his victories over Denmark-Norway and Russia in 1700, Charles XII of Sweden escalates the conflict in the Great Northern War by an invasion of Poland. The Swedish defeat the army of Saxony (then in personal union with Poland) at the River Dvina.source
  • 1702July 19 (July 8 O.S.; July 9 Swedish calendar) – Great Northern War: Battle of Klissow – Charles XII of Sweden decisively defeats the Polish–Lithuanian-Saxon army.source
  • 1702July 19 (July 8 O.S.; July 9 Swedish calendar) – Battle of Klissow: Charles XII of Sweden decisively defeats the Polish–Lithuanian-Saxon army.source
  • 1709David Parry is appointed keeper of the Ashmolean Museum, in succession to Edward Lhuyd.source
  • 1744Battle of Casteldelfino: France defeats the Kingdom of Sardinia.source
  • 1749"Madam" Sidney Griffith accompanies Howell Harris to the Llangeitho association - the beginning of a relationship that would cause considerable controversy.source
  • 1759The Great Stockholm Fire 1759 breaks out at Södermalm in Stockholm, Sweden.source
  • 1759The Great Stockholm Fire 1759 reduced about 20 blocks with about 300 houses to ash, and rendered about 2000 persons homeless.source
  • 1760A formal request is made to the Spanish government, to allow the founding of the later city of Mayagüez, Puerto Rico.source
  • 1787Ludovico di Belgiojoso recalled as minister plenipotentiary; replaced as acting minister by Sir Joseph Murraysource
  • 1790Battle of Kerch Strait (1790)source
  • 1802Éleuthère Irénée du Pont founds E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, the modern DuPont chemical company, as a gunpowder manufactory near Wilmington, Delaware.source
  • 1812Beethoven and Goethe meet each other in Teplice, Bohemia.source
  • 1821George IV is crowned King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. His estranged wife, Caroline of Brunswick, is turned away from the ceremony.source
  • 1822Percy Jocelyn, Anglican Bishop of Clogher, is caught in a compromising position with a young Grenadier Guardsman at a public house in London. He breaks bail and flees England. In October, an Irish ecclesiastical court deprives him of office.source
  • 1823The Governors Court is abolished by the Third Charter of Justice; it was replaced by the New South Wales Legislative Council.source
  • 1832Anatomy Act provides for licensing and inspection of anatomists, and for unclaimed corpses from public institutions to be available for their dissection.source
  • 1837The first missionaries sent abroad by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints land from the United States at Liverpool. On 30 July, apostle Heber C. Kimball baptises the first English converts (George D. Watt and 8 others) in the River Ribble near Preston, Lancashire.source
  • 1837The Isambard Kingdom Brunel-designed steamship SS Great Western is launched in Bristol.source
  • 1843Isambard Kingdom Brunel's SS Great Britain is launched from Bristol; it will be the first iron-hulled, propeller-driven ship to cross the Atlantic Ocean.source
  • 1844The Bank Charter Act 1844 is approved, which restricts the powers of British banks, limiting note-issuing powers outside the central Bank of England.source
  • 1844Bank Charter Act restricts powers of British banks other than the Bank of England to issue banknotes of the pound sterling.source
  • 1845Great New York City Fire of 1845 breaks out in Lower Manhattan.source
  • 1848Seneca Falls Convention: The 2-day women's rights convention opens in Seneca Falls, New York; "Bloomers" are introduced.source
  • 1850The ship Elizabeth, an American merchant freighter carrying cargo that included mostly marble from Carrara, slammed into a sandbar less than 100 yards from Fire Island, New York, drowning Margaret Fuller, her husband Ossoli, and their young son Angelino.source
  • 1854Wood's despatch is sent by Charles Wood, 1st Viscount Halifax to Lord Dalhousie, Governor General of India, proposing radical improvements to the Indian educational system.source
  • 1862A banquet attended by Frederick VII and Carl XV of Sweden-Norway takes place in the Grand Hall of Børsen in Copenhagen.source
  • 1864The Third Battle of Nanking climaxes, when the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom capital of Nanking falls to an assault by Imperial Qing dynasty forces, in the last major action of the Taiping Rebellion in China. There are probably more than a million troops in the battle, and the Taiping army sustains at least 100,000 dead.source
  • 1864Chalmers Hospital opened in Banff, Aberdeenshire.source
  • 1870Franco-Prussian War: France declares war on Prussia.source
  • 1872Explorer William Gosse reaches Uluru in central Australia and names it Ayers Rock.source
  • 1873Surveyor William Gosse names "Ayers Rock" after the premier of South Australia Henry Ayers (later changed to its Indigenous name, Uluru).source
  • 1877Russo-Turkish War: The first battle in the siege of Plevna is fought.source
  • 1877July 9–19 – The All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club stages the first Wimbledon Championships in lawn tennis. English cricketer Spencer Gore becomes first Wimbledon gentlemen's singles champion (the only event held).source
  • 1879Doc Holliday kills for the first time after a man shoots up Holliday's New Mexico saloon.source
  • 1881July 14–20 – The London Social Revolutionary Congress is held; delegates include Marie Le Compte, Peter Kropotkin, Errico Malatesta, Saverio Merlino, Louise Michel, Nikolai Tchaikovsky and Émile Gautier.source
  • 1887Dorr Eugene Felt receives the first U.S. patent for his comptometer.source
  • 1894A package of anti-anarchist laws and public safety measures is enacted.source
  • 1900The first line of the Paris Metro opens.source
  • 19061906 Dundee fire: a major fire breaks out in a bonded warehouse.source
  • 1908July 13–25 – The 1908 Summer Olympics are held in London. (Originally scheduled to be in Rome, but changed due to the Mount Vesuvius eruption of 1906. Figure skating events are held in London from October 28–29.)source
  • 1908Feyenoord, the first Dutch football club to win the UEFA Champions League, is founded at Rotterdam, Netherlandssource
  • 1910Carl August Gulbranson, businessperson and politician (born 1831)source
  • 1911Thistle Chapel, designed by Robert Lorimer, dedicated in St Giles' Cathedral, Edinburgh.source
  • 1914George V summons a conference to discuss the Irish Home Rule problem. It meets from July 21–24, without reaching consensus.source
  • 1920August 7 – The Second Congress of the Communist International takes place in Saint Petersburg and Moscow; the Twenty-one Conditions are adopted.source
  • 1924Napalpí massacre: Around 400 indigenous people of Toba ethnicity are massacred in Argentina.source
  • 1925July 10–21 – Scopes trial: in a staged test case (the "Monkey Trial") in Dayton, Tennessee, United States, John T. Scopes, a young high school science teacher (technically arrested on May 5 and indicted on May 25) is accused of assigning a reading from a (state-mandated) textbook on Darwinian evolution in violation of a Tennessee state law, the "Butler Act". He is found guilty and fined $100, though the verdict is later overturned on a technicality. The trial makes explicit the fundamentalist–modernist controversy within the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America, with William Jennings Bryan (who dies on July 26) being challenged by the liberal Clarence Darrow.source
  • 1925Lucien Buysse comes second in the 1925 Tour de Francesource
  • 1925Tour de France ends, won by Ottavio Bottecchia of Italy.source
  • 1930Georges Simenon's detective character Inspector Jules Maigret makes his first appearance in print under Simenon's own name, when the novel Pietr-le-Letton (known in English as The Strange Case of Peter the Lett) begins serialization in a French weekly magazine.source
  • 1936The first of hundreds of concentration camps open in Francoist Spain in the Alcazaba of Zeluán.source
  • 1936July 1936 military uprising in Barcelonasource
  • 1940Adolf Hitler makes a peace appeal ("appeal to reason") to Britain, in an address to the Reichstag. BBC German-language broadcaster Sefton Delmer unofficially rejects it at once and Lord Halifax, the British foreign minister, flatly rejects peace terms in a broadcast reply on July 22.source
  • 1940Battle of Cape Spada: HMAS Sydney and five destroyers sink the Italian cruiser Bartolomeo Colleoni.2source
  • 1941The Tom and Jerry cartoon short The Midnight Snack is released; it is the second appearance for the duo, and the first in which they are officially named.source
  • 1948Permit system came into force for migrants from West Pakistan.source
  • 1948Nation Party was foundedsource
  • 1950July 14–21 – Korean War: Battle of Taejon – North Korean forces capture the city held by the U.S. 24th Infantry Division, but the delay allows establishment of the Pusan Perimeter.source
  • 1952August 3 – The 1952 Summer Olympics are held in Helsinki, Finland.source
  • 1954Release of Elvis Presley's first single, a cover of "That's All Right", by Sun Records (recorded July 5 in Memphis, Tennessee).source
  • 1955July 18–23 – Geneva Summit between the United States, Soviet Union, United Kingdom and France.source
  • 1955Estonian Television (ETV) began broadcasting.source
  • 1961Trans World Airlines becomes the first airline to show regularly scheduled movies during its flights, presenting By Love Possessed to 1st-class passengers.source
  • 1962The first annual Swiss & Wielder Hoop and Stick Tournament is held.source
  • 1963American test pilot Joe Walker, flying the X-15, reaches an altitude of 65.8 miles (105.9 kilometers), making it a sub-orbital spaceflight by recognized international standards.source
  • 1964Vietnam War: At a rally in Saigon, South Vietnamese Prime Minister and military leader Nguyễn Khánh calls for expanding the war into North Vietnam.source
  • 1967A race riot breaks out in the North Side of Minneapolis on Plymouth Street during the Minneapolis Aquatennial Parade; businesses are vandalized and fires break out in the area, although the disturbance is quelled within hours. However, the next day a shooting sets off another incident in the same area that leads to 18 fires, 36 arrests, 3 shootings, 2 dozen people injured, and damages totaling 4.2 million. Two more such incidents occur during the following two weeks.source
  • 1969John Fairfax lands in Hollywood Beach, Florida, United States and becomes the first person to row across an ocean solo, after 180 days spent at sea on board the 25' ocean rowboat Britannia (left Gran Canaria on January 20, 1969).source
  • 196914 major private banks nationalizedsource
  • 1969Chappaquiddick incident: US Senator Edward M. Kennedy drives off a bridge into a tidal pond after leaving a party on Chappaquiddick Island, Massachusetts, killing Mary Jo Kopechne. Kennedy does not report the accident for nine or ten hours.source
  • 1969Miss Philippines Gloria Diaz is crowned as the first filipina to win Miss Universe 1969 which was held in Long Beach, California, United States.source
  • 1971The South Tower of the World Trade Center in New York City tops out at 1,362 ft, making it the second-tallest building in the world after the North Tower that had topped out in December 1970.source
  • 1974Railcar explosion in Decatur, Illinois. A tanker car collides with a Norfolk & Western boxcar. Seven people are killed, 349 are injured and $18 million in property damage.source
  • 1974Miss Universe 1974, the 23rd Miss Universe pageant, is held in Manila. Outgoing Miss Universe Margarita Moran, of the Philippines crowned the tearful pageant winner, Amparo Muñoz of Spain. It is the first time that pageant history is held in the Philippines and Southeast Asia.source
  • 1976Sagarmatha National Park in Nepal is created.source
  • 1976July 16–20 – Albert Spaggiari and his gang break into the vault of the Société Generale Bank in Nice, France.source
  • 1977July 19–20 – Flooding in Johnstown, Pennsylvania, caused by massive rainfall, kills over 75 people and causes billions of dollars in damage.source
  • 1980August 3 – The 1980 Summer Olympics are held in Moscow, Soviet Union. As 82 countries boycott the Games, athletes from 16 of them participate under a neutral flag.source
  • 1981The 1981 Springbok Tour commences in New Zealand, amid controversy over the support of apartheid.source
  • 1981July 16–21 – England become the first team this century to win a cricket Test match after the follow-on when they beat Australia by 18 runs at Headingley cricket ground, Leeds, England.source
  • 1982President Celso Torrelio resigns from office; the presidency is entrusted to a Junta of Commanders of the Armed Forces while a new executive is selected.source
  • 1985New Hampshire teacher Christa McAuliffe is selected as the first person to go into space under the Teacher in Space Project, and designated to ride aboard the Space Shuttle Challenger.source
  • 1985The Val di Stava dam collapses in Italy, killing 268 people, destroying 63 buildings, and demolishing eight bridges.source
  • 1985Val di Stava dam collapse kills 268 peoplesource
  • 1989United Airlines Flight 232 (Douglas DC-10) crashes in Sioux City, Iowa, killing 112; 184 on board survive.source
  • 1992The Cabinet of Israel approves a freeze on new Israeli settlement in the occupied territories, a move expected to reinvigorate the Middle East Peace Process.source
  • 1992Via D'Amelio bombing: A car bomb placed by the Sicilian Mafia (with the collaboration of Italian intelligence) kills judge Paolo Borsellino and five members of his police escort.source
  • 1994July 16–22 – Fragments of Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9 impact the planet Jupiter.source
  • 1996Bosnian Serb President Radovan Karadžić resigns from public office in Republika Srpska after being indicted for war crimes.source
  • 1996The 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia, United States, begin.source
  • 199619 July – 4 August – The country competed at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, United States, with runner Frankie Fredericks winning 2 silver medals.source
  • 2000July 11–25 – A summit meeting takes place at Camp David between United States president Bill Clinton, Israeli prime minister Ehud Barak and Palestinian Authority chairman Yasser Arafat, ending without an agreement.source
  • 2009Amateur astronomer Anthony Wesley is the first to report that a new dark spot has developed on the planet Jupiter. This event would come to be known as the 2009 Jupiter impact event.source
  • 2011The French-flagged yacht Dignité Al Karama, which was to have been part of the Freedom Flotilla II, is Illegally intercepted and boarded by Israeli commandos, off the coast of Gaza, and escorted to the Port of Ashdod.source
  • 2011July 14–23 – Two frontal systems enter south-central Chile causing great snowfalls that leaves thousand of people isolated.source
  • 2017Pharmacies begin selling cannabis for recreational use, making Uruguay the first country to establish a nationwide legal retail market for the drug.source
  • 2019The Iranian Navy of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps captures British tanker Stena Impero and temporarily seizes British-operated and Liberian-flagged tanker Mesdar in the Persian Gulf. The British Foreign Secretary, Jeremy Hunt, warns there will be "serious consequences" if Iran does not release the tanker.source
  • 2020Flooding of the Brahmaputra River kills 189 and leaves 4 million homeless in India and Nepal.source
  • 2021Leftist schoolteacher Pedro Castillo is confirmed as President of Peru over a month after the 2021 Peruvian general election.source
  • 2021Blue Origin successfully conducts its first human test flight, with a reusable New Shepard rocket delivering four crew members into space including its founder Jeff Bezos.source
  • 2021Day of Hajj: For the first time, women are permitted to attend without a male guardian (mehrem) provided they go in a trustworthy group.source
  • 20222022 European heat waves: A series of severe heatwaves from July to August hit Europe, causing at least 53,000 deaths and additionally causing major wildfires, travel disruption, and record high temperatures in many countries.source
  • 2023Typhoon Doksuri forms in the eastern Pacific Ocean, going on to kill 137 people in Southeast Asia.source
  • 2024Global IT outages impact a variety of businesses and organisations across the world.source

Births

  • 810Muhammad al-Bukhari, Persian Islamic scholar (died 870)source
  • 1420William VIII of Montferrat (died 1483)source
  • 1569Conrad Vorstius, Dutch theologian (died 1622)source
  • 1670Richard Leveridge, English bass player and composer (died 1758)source
  • 1688Giuseppe Castiglione, Italian missionary to China (died 1766)source
  • 1723Jean-Marie Ducharme, fur trader (died 1807)source
  • 1789John Martin, English painter (died 1854)source
  • 1814Samuel Colt, American gun maker (died 1862)source
  • 1834Edgar Degas, French painter (died 1917)source
  • 1860Lizzie Borden, American murder suspect (died 1927)source
  • 1885Aristides de Sousa Mendes, Portuguese diplomat, humanitarian (died 1954)source
  • 1890George II of Greece, King of Greece (died 1947)source
  • 1898Gustavo Machado Morales, politician and journalist (died 1983)source
  • 1922George McGovern, American politician, historian and author (died 2012)source
  • 1970Nicola Sturgeon, First Minister of Scotland (2014–present)source
  • 1970Christopher Luxon, 42nd Prime Minister of New Zealandsource
  • 1971Vitali Klitschko, Ukrainian boxer and politiciansource
  • 1986Khampheng Sayavutthi, professional footballersource

Deaths

  • 379Macrina the Younger, Christian nun and saint (born 327)source
  • 514Pope Symmachus dies at Rome after a tenure of 15 years, 7 months and 27 days. He is succeeded by Hormisdas.source
  • 806Li Shigu, general of the Tang Dynasty (born 778)source
  • 973Kyunyeo, Korean monk and poet (born 917)source
  • 998Damian Dalassenos, Byzantine governor (doux)source
  • 1030Adalberon, French bishop and poet (or 1031)source
  • 1054Bernold (Bernulf), bishop of Utrechtsource
  • 1158Wibald, German monk and abbot (born 1098)source
  • 1230Theobald le Botiller, 2nd Chief Butler of Ireland, Norman nobleman (born 1200)source
  • 1249Jacopo Tiepolo, doge of Venice (born 1169)source
  • 1333Kenneth de Moravia, 4th Earl of Sutherland — at the Battle of Halidon Hillsource
  • 1333Sir Archibald Douglas — at the Battle of Halidon Hillsource
  • 1333William IV, Lord of Douglas, killed at Battle of Halidon Hillsource
  • 1333Sir Archibald Douglas, killed at Battle of Halidon Hillsource
  • 1374Petrarch, Italian poet (born 1304)source
  • 1382Joanna of Anjou, who had been Queen of Naples until being deposed on August 25, 1381, is murdered by strangulation after being transferred in May to the prison at the Castle of Muro Lucano.source
  • 1415Philippa of Lancaster, queen of John I of Portugal (plague) (born 1359)source
  • 1427Stefan Lazarević, ruler of the Serbian Despotate, dies at Belgrade and is succeeded by his nephew, Đurađ Branković.source
  • 1427Stefan Lazarević, Despot of Serbia (born 1377)source
  • 1485Pierre Landais, politician.(b.1430)source
  • 1489Louis I, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken (born 1424)source
  • 1500Miguel da Paz, Prince of Portugal (born 1498)source
  • 1543Mary Boleyn, English courtier, mistress of Kings Francis I of France and Henry VIII of England (born 1500)source
  • 1549Edmund Sheffield, 1st Baron Sheffield, English baron (born 1521)source
  • 1597Gunilla Bielke, Queen of Sweden (born 1568)source
  • 1631Cesare Cremonini, Italian philosopher (born 1550)source
  • 1682Yohannes I, Emperor of Ethiopia (born c. 1640)source
  • 1692Rebecca Nurse, convicted of witchcraft during the Salem witch trials (born 1621)source
  • 1692Elizabeth Howe, one of the accused in the Salem witch trials (born 1635)source
  • 1692Sarah Wildes, Salem "witch" (born 1627)source
  • 1742William Somervile, English poet (born 1675)source
  • 1810Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Queen of Prussia (born 1776)source
  • 1814Captain Matthew Flinders, English explorer of the coasts of Australia (born 1774)source
  • 1824Don Agustín de Iturbide, who had formerly been President of Mexico and then proclaimed himself Emperor Agustin the First, until being overthrown on March 19, 1823, is executed by a firing squad in the city of Padilla, five days after returning from exile in England.source
  • 1824Agustín de Iturbide, Emperor of Mexico (born 1783)source
  • 1824Alexander Pearce, convict and criminal (born in Ireland) (born 1790)source
  • 1833George Leveson-Gower, 1st Duke of Sutherland, British landowner (born 1758)source
  • 1843George Hunter, first Mayor of Wellington (born 1788)source
  • 1850Margaret Fuller, American journalist (born 1810)source
  • 1868Okita Sōji, captain of the first unit of the Shinsengumi (born 1844)source
  • 1886Cesário Verde, poet (born 1855)source
  • 1916July 15–19 – WWI: Battle of Delville Wood – 766 men from the South African Brigade are killed, in South Africa's biggest loss during the First World War.source
  • 1943Robert Alexander, rugby and cricket player (born 1910).source
  • 1947Burmese nationalist Aung San, and six members of his newly formed cabinet, are assassinated during a cabinet meeting.source
  • 1949Frank Murphy, American politician and Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (born 1890)source
  • 1968Emily Sadka, historian (born 1920).source
  • 1980Former Turkish Prime Minister Nihat Erim is killed by two gunmen in Istanbul, Turkey.source
  • 202475 people are killed during the 2024 Bangladesh quota reform movement. The government of Bangladesh imposes a curfew.source