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December 9 in history

202 sourced entries recorded on December 9, from 320 CE to 2024 CE. Every line is quoted from the revision it came from.

Events

  • 480Odoacer occupies Dalmatia and prosecutes Nepos's killers. He later establishes his political power with the co-operation of the Roman Senate.source
  • 536Belisarius enters Rome through the Porta Asinaria, and the Gothic garrison of 4,000 men flees the city. He sends an urgent request for reinforcements to Justinian I, meanwhile preparing Rome for a siege, by bringing in great quantities of food and other supplies.source
  • 730Battle of Marj Ardabil: The Khazars under Barjik invade the provinces of Jibal and Adharybaydjian. He defeats an Umayyad army (25,000 men) at Ardabil (Iran), killing al-Jarrah ibn Abdallah.source
  • 1124Raymond du Puy of France formally succeeds Gerard as the second Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller and issues his first official act.source
  • 1212The 18-year-old Frederick II is crowned King of the Germans at Mainz. Frederick's authority in Germany remains tenuous, and he is recognized only in southern Germany. In the region of northern Germany, the center of Guelph power, his rival Otto IV continues to hold the imperial power despite his excommunication.source
  • 1314Brandenburg–Pomeranian conflict: In Germany, the Margraviate of Brandenburg renounces all claims to the region around Loitz (in the modern-day northeast German state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) to the Principality of Rügen in Denmark in return for payment.source
  • 1315In Switzerland, the Pact of Brunnen is signed between leaders of the cantons of Uri, Schwyz and Unterwalden at the city of Brunnen in Schwyz as a mutual defense pact against an invasion by Austria.source
  • 1409Louis II of Anjou founds the University of Aix-en-Provence.source
  • 1409Louis II of Anjou founds the University of Aixsource
  • 1422The Regency Council of the infant King Henry VI of England assembles for the first time with 18 nobles, led by John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford, the uncle of the King and the brother of the late King Henry V. Because the Duke of Bedford serves primarily in France to command English forces there in the ongoing war, another uncle, Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, leads the regency most of the time during the King's minority.source
  • 1425The Old University of Leuven, Belgium is founded.source
  • 1447Richard, Duke of York is appointed as the King's representative in Ireland.source
  • 1468In the course of the "Boeckler War" in the Duchy of Bavaria-Munich, the troops of Duke Albert IV begin the siege of Weissenstein Castle in reprisal for the rebellion of Lord Eberwein von Degenburg. The troops, commanded by Georg of Lerchenfeld capture the castle before Christmas and burn it to the ground.source
  • 1469Lorenzo de' Medici becomes the Lord of Florence, the de facto executive of the Florentine Republic in Italy, upon the death of his father, Piero di Cosimo de' Medici.source
  • 1528A new, three-member executive junta is appointed by the King of Spain to govern New Spain and the West Indies, with Nuño Beltrán de Guzmán, Juan Ortiz de Matienzo, and Diego Delgadillo forming the first Audiencia Real. Beltran de Guzmán, Ortiz and Delgadillo succeed the two viceroys, Alonso de Estrada and Luis de la Torre. Beltran de Guzmán is designated as the President of the Audiencia.source
  • 1531The Virgin of Guadalupe first appears to Juan Diego at Tepeyac, Mexico City.source
  • 1537Petar Keglević takes office as the new Ottoman Governor of Croatia and of Slavonia.source
  • 1544Crown Prince Yi Ho becomes the new King of Korea upon the death of his father, King Joseon. Yi Ho reigns for eight months before being poisoned by his own mother, and is posthumously named as King Injong of Joseon.source
  • 1578After more than five years of combat in southern France, the Protestant Huguenot citadel of Ménerbes negotiates a surrender to its French Catholic attackers.source
  • 1582December 9 (Julian) (December 19 Gregorian) – France discards the Julian Calendar at the end of the day and adopts the Gregorian Calendar at midnight. Sunday, December 9 is followed the next day in France by Monday, December 20.source
  • 1595What is probably the first performance of William Shakespeare's play, Richard II, takes place in London.source
  • 1625Thirty Years' War: The Netherlands and England sign the Treaty of The Hague, a military peace treaty for providing economical aid to King Christian IV of Denmark-Norway, during his military campaigns in Germany.source
  • 1625The Treaty of The Hague leads to Denmark-Norway's intervention in the Thirty Years' War.source
  • 1625The Treaty of The Hague leads to Denmark-Norway's intervention in the Thirty Years' War.source
  • 1633Francisco de Murga, Spain's Governor of the South American province of Cartagena (now in Colombia), crushes a revolt by escaped African slaves in an attack against the palenque of Limón. De Murga captures 80 residents, and, after a trial, has 13 executed, with the drawing and quartering of their bodies.source
  • 1677The French Navy, led by Charles de Courbon de Blénac with a land force of 950 men, lands at the Caribbean island of Tobago, lays siege to the Dutch fort defending the territory during the Franco-Dutch War, and destroys the structure when it fires a cannon overlooking the fort, striking the gunpowder arsenal. The explosion kills 250 of the defenders, including Dutch Admiral Jacob Binckes and 16 officers. Combined with the sinking of four ships of the Netherlands Navy, the victory at Tobago ends Dutch military power in the Antilles.source
  • 1688The Battle of Reading takes place in Reading, Berkshire. It is the only substantial military action in England during the Glorious Revolution and ends in a decisive victory for forces loyal to William of Orange.source
  • 1688Queen Mary of Modena flees to France with her infant son, the Prince of Wales.source
  • 1688Glorious Revolution: Battle of Reading: Dutch soldiers of William of Orange with the support of townspeople defeat an Irish Jacobite garrison (led by Patrick Sarsfield) in a skirmish in the streets of Reading, Berkshire, the last battle fought on English soil and the only significant military action of the Revolution; his force's success is influential in William's decision to proceed directly to London and claim the throne and in James's decision to flee the country.source
  • 1698Francis Nicholson becomes the new British colonial governor of Virginia, succeeding Sir Edmund Andros.source
  • 1703December 7–10 (November 26–29 O.S.) – The Great Storm of 1703, an extratropical cyclone, ravages southern England and the English Channel, killing at least 8,000, mostly at sea. The Eddystone Lighthouse off Plymouth is destroyed in the storm together with its designer Henry Winstanley and many buildings on land are damaged.source
  • 1706João V becomes the new King of Portugal upon the death of his father, Dom Pedro II, and begins a reign of 43 years.source
  • 1712Battle of Gadebusch: Sweden defeats Denmark and Saxony.source
  • 1713As part of the agreements made at Utrecht to end the War of the Spanish Succession, Great Britain and Spain sign a treaty of commerce and navigation.source
  • 1714Ottoman–Venetian War (1714–1718): The Ottoman Empire declares war on the Republic of Venice.source
  • 1717December 9 (November 29, O.S.) - King George I of Great Britain banishes his son and daughter-in-law, George, Prince of Wales and Caroline of Ansbach, from the royal household after the Prince threatens the King's personal assistant, the Duke of Newcastle, the royal Lord Chamberlain. The altercation takes place at the baptismal ceremony for the Prince's newborn son, George William.source
  • 1719Arvid Horn replace Gustav Cronhielm as Privy Council Chancellery.source
  • 1730The first documented notice in North America about freemasonry is published in The Pennsylvania Gazette in an article by its publisher, Benjamin Franklin.source
  • 1743At Haarlem, Dutch astronomer Dirk Klinkenberg becomes the first to observe the Great Comet of 1744. Swiss astronomer Jean-Philippe de Cheseaux discovers it independently on December 13. Both scientists are given credit for its discoverysource
  • 1746Carl Gustaf Tessin succeed Carl Gyllenborg as Privy Council Chancellery.source
  • 1769first Theatre Royal, Edinburgh, opens.source
  • 1774The two month long Siege of Melilla begins as armies led by the Sultan of Morocco, Mohammed ben Abdallah, attack the North African Spanish colony of Melilla (which remains a part of Spain into the 21st century).source
  • 1783executions begin to be held in Newgate Prison.source
  • 1793New York City's first daily newspaper, the American Minerva, is established by Noah Webster.source
  • 1803The proposed Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution, requiring that electoral ballots distinctly list the choice for president and the choice for vice president, is approved by Congress for submission to the states for ratification; passed in the wake of the problems in the 1800 presidential election, the amendment is ratified by 13 of the 17 states and is proclaimed in effect on September 25, 1804.source
  • 1807December 5–11 – Napoleonic Wars: Raid on Griessie – A British Royal Navy squadron attacks the Dutch port of Griessie on Java in the Dutch East Indies, eliminating the last Dutch naval force in the Pacific and concluding the Java campaign of 1806–1807.source
  • 1808At 20:34 UTC, Mercury occults Saturn (there are no observation records).source
  • 1809the Dumfries Courier is established as a weekly newspaper in Annan by Rev. Dr. Henry Duncan as The Dumfries and Galloway Courier.source
  • 1816December 9–21 – The American Colonization Society is established, to support the emigration of free African Americans to Africa.source
  • 1821The Cementerio General de Santiago is established.source
  • 1824Peruvian War of Independence: Battle of Ayacucho – Colombian and Peruvian forces led by Antonio José de Sucre defeat the Spanish. The commander, Viceroy de la Serna, surrenders, ending Spain's domination of South America.source
  • 1825The British began the Siege of Bharatpur (1825–1826) in India.source
  • 1828An attempt to assassinate Gran Colombia's President Simon Bolívar fails while he is visiting Jamaica. Bolivar accepts a last-minute invitation to be elsewhere and his servant, hired by the Spanish royal government to kill Bolivar, kills Bolivar's paymaster by mistake.source
  • 1835The Army of the Republic of Texas captures San Antonio.source
  • 1843Bishop's University is founded as Bishop's College by Bishop George Jehoshaphat Mountain in Lennoxville, Quebec, for the education of members of the Church of England.source
  • 1843Bishop's University is founded.source
  • 1851The first YMCA in North America is established in Montreal.source
  • 1854Pope Pius IX in the apostolic constitution Ineffabilis Deus defines ex Cathedra the dogma of Immaculate Conception, which holds that the Blessed Virgin Mary was conceived without original sin.source
  • 1856Bushehr surrenders to the British.source
  • 1868The world's first traffic signal lights are installed at the junction of Great George Street and Bridge Street in the London Borough of Westminster.source
  • 1872In Louisiana, P. B. S. Pinchback becomes the first African-American to govern a U.S. state.source
  • 1873More than 1,000 striking gold miners attack police and Chinese workers brought in to Clunes, Victoria to break the strike.source
  • 1874Passage de Vénus is released as the oldest "film" in history.source
  • 1875The Massachusetts Rifle Association, America's oldest active gun club, is formed.source
  • 1877The fourth battle of the Russo-Turkish War is fought, concluding the siege of Plevna.source
  • 1878Ned Kelly and his gang lock 22 people in a storehouse on a sheep station near Euroa. The next day they rob Euroa's bank.source
  • 1880Jens Peter Jacobsen's Niels Lyhne by Gyldendal.source
  • 1884Tom Dudley and Edwin Stephens are convicted of murder in the survival cannibalism case of R v. Dudley and Stephens in the English courts.source
  • 1884Dudley and Stephens receive the mandatory death penalty with a recommendation for clemency and on 13 December are told that their penalties have been commuted to six months' imprisonment.source
  • 1886Southport and St Anne's lifeboats disaster.source
  • 1890The Finance Minister, Giovanni Giolitti, and the Minister of Public Works, Gaspare Finali, resign over a contrast on the Ministry of Public Works expenses.source
  • 1891The National Liberal Party and "Sincere Liberal" parliamentarians pass a motion of no confidence in the government.source
  • 1891Despite government repression, a popular gathering in memory of the deceased emperor occurred takes place, organized by the Marquis of Tamandaré, Viscount of Ouro Preto, Viscount of Sinimbu, Baron of Ladário, Carlos de Laet, Alfredo d' Escragnolle Taunay, Rodolfo Dantas, Afonso Celso and Joaquim Nabuco.source
  • 1892The Newcastle East End F.C. is renamed Newcastle United F.C., following the demise of the Newcastle West End F.C. and East End's move to St James' Park, formerly West End's home, in the north east of England.source
  • 1897The first issue of the feminist newspaper La Fronde is published by Marguerite Durand in Paris.source
  • 1899An explosion kills 32 coal miners at the Carbon Hill mines in Carbonado, Washington.source
  • 1902Start of the Venezuelan crisis, in which Britain, Germany and Italy sustain a naval blockade on Venezuela in order to enforce collection of outstanding financial claims and President Cipriano Castro's refusal to pay foreign debts and damages suffered by European citizens in the 1892 Venezuelan civil war.source
  • 1905December 7–18 – Moscow Uprising: A Bolshevik-led revolt is suppressed by the army.source
  • 1910a coal mine explosion at Bellevue, Alberta, kills 31source
  • 1911Cross Mountain Mine disaster: A coal mine explosion near Briceville, Tennessee kills 84 miners, despite rescue efforts led by the United States Bureau of Mines.source
  • 1915December 4–18 – The 'Peace Ship' Oscar II chartered by industrialist Henry Ford sails from Hoboken, New Jersey to Oslo on an independent and eventually unsuccessful mission to broker a peace conference.source
  • 1915December 9–14 – Sankebetsu brown bear incident: was the worst bear attack in Japanese history, killing seven settlers in Rokusensawa, Sankebetsu, Tomamae, Rumoi, Hokkaidō, Japan.source
  • 1917Battle of Jerusalem: The British Egyptian Expeditionary Force accepts the surrender of Jerusalem by the mayor, Hussein al-Husayni, following the effective defeat of the Ottoman-German Yildirim Army Group.source
  • 1922Gabriel Narutowicz is elected the first president of Poland.source
  • 1931The Spanish Constituent Cortes approves the Spanish Constitution of 1931, effectively establishing the Second Spanish Republic.source
  • 1936A KLM (Netherlands airline) Douglas DC-2 airliner crashes in Purley shortly after takeoff from Croydon Airport, killing 14 (including Juan de la Cierva and Admiral Arvid Lindman) with just two survivors.source
  • 1940WWII: Operation Compass – British forces in North Africa begin their first major offensive, with an attack on Italian forces at Sidi Barrani, Egypt.source
  • 1947French labor unions call off the general strike, and re-commence negotiations with the French government.source
  • 1948The United Nations General Assembly adopts the Genocide Convention.source
  • 1949Pippi Longstocking releasedsource
  • 1950An intraplate earthquake of magnitude 8.2 occurs inside the Department of Loa, near Calamasource
  • 1954The Pogradec Agreement is signed by Dušan Mugoša and Mehmet Shehu, officially marking an end to the Albanian–Yugoslav border conflict.source
  • 1955Adnan Menderes of DP forms the new government of Turkey (22nd government).source
  • 1956Trans-Canada Air Lines Flight 810, a Canadair North Star, crashes into Slesse Mountain near Chilliwack, British Columbia. All 62 people aboard, including five Canadian Football League players, are killed.source
  • 1956Trans-Canada Air Lines Flight 810 (9), a Canadair Northstar, crashes on Slesse Mountain near Chilliwack during heavy weather. The plane carried five members of the Saskatchewan Roughriders and Winnipeg Blue Bombers and fans on their way home from an all-star game in Vancouver. Bodies were not found until the following late summer due to severe terrain and high altitude and unknown location of the crash. This was one of the worst civilian air disasters in the world at the time.source
  • 1960French President Charles de Gaulle's visit to Algeria is bloodied by European and Muslim rioters in Algeria's largest cities. These riots cause 127 deaths.source
  • 19611961 Australian federal election: Robert Menzies' Liberal/Country Coalition Government is re-elected with a one-seat majority, narrowly defeating the Labor Party led by Arthur Calwell. One of the closest election results in Australian history, such a result will not be replicated again until 2016. Notably, former Prime Minister Earle Page loses his seat, although he dies a few days later, never knowing the result.source
  • 1961Tanganyika gains independence from the United Kingdom as a Commonwealth realm, with Julius Nyerere as its first Prime Minister, with Queen Elizabeth II as Queen of Tanganyika, and represented locally by the Governor-General of Tanganyika.source
  • 1962Tanganyika (modern-day Tanzania) becomes a republic within the Commonwealth of Nations, with Julius Nyerere as president.source
  • 1962Petrified Forest National Park is established.source
  • 1965A Charlie Brown Christmas, the first Peanuts television special, debuts on CBS in the United States. It becomes a Christmas tradition.source
  • 1966Australia negotiates an agreement for an American spy satellite base to be established at Pine Gap in the Northern Territory, with federal minister for external affairs Paul Hasluck signing a treaty with the United States chargé d'affaires.source
  • 1967Nicolae Ceaușescu becomes the Chairman of the Romanian State Council, making him the de facto leader of Romania.source
  • 1967Jim Morrison is arrested on stage in New Haven, Connecticut for attempting to spark a riot in the audience during a concert.source
  • 1968Douglas Engelbart publicly demonstrates his pioneering hypertext system, NLS, in San Francisco, together with the computer mouse, at what becomes retrospectively known as "The Mother of All Demos".source
  • 1971Chandpur and Daudkandi liberated.source
  • 1974The Paris summit, reuniting the European Communities' heads of state and government, commences.source
  • 1982Aeronor Flight 304 tragedy. A Fairchild plane crashes to the ground near La Florida Airport, in La Serena. All 46 occupants of the aircraft died.source
  • 1983The Australian dollar is floated by Federal treasurer Paul Keating. Under the old flexible peg system, the Reserve Bank bought and sold all Australian dollars and cleared the market at the end of the day. This initiative is taken by the government of Bob Hawke.source
  • 1985The Roman Catholic Diocese of San Vicente del Caguán is established in San Vicente del Caguán, Caquetá.source
  • 1987General Rahimuddin Khan retires from the Pakistan Army, along with the cabinet of the country's military dictatorship.source
  • 1990Slobodan Milošević elected President of Serbia in first round, general elections won by his Socialist Party.source
  • 1991SBS Television, a major nationwide television station, starts official regular broadcasting service.source
  • 19959 December–17 December – The Southeast Asian Games are held in Chiang Mai.source
  • 1999The hormone Ghrelin is discovered and named.source
  • 2003The United Nations Convention Against Corruption is opened for signing.source
  • 2003Roman Catholic Diocese of Mindelo established from the northern part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Santiago de Cabo Verdesource
  • 2003December 5–13 – 2003 SEA Games was held. This was the first time Vietnam staged the SEA Games.source
  • 2009French embassy secretary expelled from Togosource
  • 2009December 7–18 – The UNFCCC's 2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference is held in Copenhagen, Denmark.source
  • 2009The Algerian army destroyed 5,700 mines from the pre-Algerian independence era, in November 2009. The mines, most of them raised by the French arm], were part of a demining program, which continues 47 years after Algerian independence. As of November 30, 2009, 426,599 mines, 358,515 antipersonnel mines, 65,873 anti-group mines, and 2,211 illuminating mines had been eliminated in the operation.source
  • 2010Estonia becomes the 34th member of the OECD.source
  • 2010November 29–December 10 – The 2010 United Nations Climate Change Conference is held in Cancún, Mexico. Formally referred to as the 16th session of the Conference of the Parties of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP 16), it serves too as the 6th meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol (CMP 6).source
  • 2010The African Union suspends Côte d'Ivoire following the disputed presidential election.source
  • 2012F1 driver Lewis Hamilton came to Malta with driving a Vodafone McLaren F1 car.source
  • 2012November 25–December 9 – Typhoon Bopha, known as "Pablo" in the Philippines, kills at least 1,067 with around 838 people missing. The typhoon causes considerable damage in the island of Mindanao.source
  • 2012December 6–16 – The 2012 FIFA Club World Cup is held in Japan and won by Sport Club Corinthians Paulista.source
  • 2016South Korean President Park Geun-hye is suspended after MPs vote to impeach her, following a political scandal.source
  • 2017The Iraqi military announces that it has "fully liberated" all of Iraq's territory from "ISIS terrorist gangs" and retaken full control of the Iraqi-Syrian border.source
  • 2018Parliamentary elections were held in Armenia on 9 December 2018.source
  • 2019December 2–13 – The 2019 United Nations Climate Change Conference takes place in Madrid, Spain, after Chilean President Sebastián Piñera announced in October that his country could not host the conference due to political unrest in the country.source
  • 20192019 Chilean Air Force C-130 crash: A Chilean military transport aircraft crashes while en route to Base Presidente Eduardo Frei Montalva in Antarctica, killing all 38 people on board. The crash site is located on December 12.source
  • 2019A volcano erupts on White Island in New Zealand, killing 22 people and injuring 25 others.source
  • 2019The World Anti-Doping Agency votes unanimously to ban Russia from international sport for four years for doping offences, meaning it will be excluded from the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing and the 2022 World Cup in Qatar.source
  • 2020Six hundred men, women, and children are stopped in San Pedro Sula and asked for travel documents before starting a migration caravan to the United States. At least 3 million people were effected by Hurricane Eta before Hurricane Iota hit the area.source
  • 2021A truck crash in Chiapas, Mexico, kills 55 migrants who were being smuggled in it from Guatemala through Mexico to its border with the United States.source
  • 20232023 Guayana Esequiba crisis: The United Nations Security Council holds a closed-door meeting on the ongoing crisis between Venezuela and Guyana over the Guayana Esequiba Region, but takes no immediate action.source
  • 2024The MongolZ esports team reaches 7th place in HLTV’s global CS2 rankings, becoming the highest-ranked Asian team.source

Births

  • 1392Peter, Duke of Coimbra (died 1449)source
  • 1447Chenghua Emperor of China (died 1487)source
  • 1482Frederick II, Elector Palatine (1544–1556) (died 1556)source
  • 1486Philip III, Count of Waldeck-Eisenberg (1524–1539) (died 1539)source
  • 1493Íñigo López de Mendoza, 4th Duke of the Infantado (died 1566)source
  • 1558André du Laurens, French physician (died 1609)source
  • 1561Edwin Sandys, English founder of the colony of Virginia (died 1629)source
  • 1579Martin de Porres, Peruvian monk, Roman Catholic saint (died 1639)source
  • 1589John Fleming, 2nd Earl of Wigtown (died 1650)source
  • 1594King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden, Swedish king and general (died 1632)source
  • 1594Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden, monarch (died 1632)source
  • 1608John Milton, English poet (died 1674)source
  • 1617Richard Lovelace, English poet (died 1657)source
  • 1629Henrik Gerner, clergy (died 1700)source
  • 1644Robert Kirk, Scottish folklorist, Bible translator, Gaelic scholar (died 1692)source
  • 1652Robert Rochfort, lawyer and politician (d.1727)source
  • 1667William Whiston, English mathematician (died 1752)source
  • 1667William Whiston, mathematician (died 1752)source
  • 1717Johann Joachim Winckelmann, German classical scholar and archaeologist (died 1768)source
  • 1742Carl Wilhelm Scheele, Swedish chemist (died 1785)source
  • 1748Claude Louis Berthollet, French chemist (died 1822)source
  • 1773Armand Augustin Louis de Caulaincourt, French general, diplomat (died 1827)source
  • 1842Peter Kropotkin, Russian anarchist (died 1921)source
  • 1845Joel Chandler Harris, American writer (died 1908)source
  • 1847George Grossmith, English comic writer and performer (died 1912)source
  • 1864Breaker Morant, Australian soldier (died 1902)source
  • 1868Fritz Haber, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1934)source
  • 1916Kirk Douglas, American film actor (Spartacus) (died 2020)source
  • 1929Bob Hawke, 23rd Prime Minister of Australia (died 2019)source
  • 1968Kurt Angle, American amateur and professional wrestler, 1996 Olympic gold medalistsource

Deaths

  • 320Proculus of Verona, Roman Catholic priest and saintsource
  • 638Sergius I, patriarch of Constantinoplesource
  • 730Al-Jarrah ibn Abdallah, Arab generalsource
  • 748Nasr ibn Sayyar, Arab general (born 663)source
  • 748Nasr ibn Sayyar, Arab governor of Khorasan, dies after a 10-year administration in which he has fought vigorously against dissident tribes, Turgesh neighbors, and the Abbasids. Nasr had imposed poll taxes (jizya) on non-Muslims, and introduced a system of land taxation for Muslim Arabs.source
  • 933Li Congrong, prince of Later Tangsource
  • 993Egbert, archbishop of Triersource
  • 1048Al-Biruni, Persian scholar and polymath (born 973)source
  • 1117Gertrude of Brunswick, margravine of Meissensource
  • 1165King Malcolm IV of Scotland (born 1141)source
  • 1165King Malcolm IV of Scotland dies at Jedburgh after a 12-year reign and is succeeded by his brother William the Lion as ruler of Scotland (until 1214).source
  • 1268Vaišvilkas, Prince of Black Rutheniasource
  • 1303Richard Gravesend, English archdeacon and bishopsource
  • 1437Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor (born 1368)source
  • 1437Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor, dies, and is succeeded by Frederick III.source
  • 1544Teofilo Folengo, Italian poet (born 1491)source
  • 1565Pope Pius IV (born 1499)source
  • 1624Flaminio Scala, Italian playwright and stage actor (born 1552)source
  • 1641Sir Anthony van Dyck, Flemish painter (born 1599)source
  • 1641Sir Anthony van Dyck, Flemish-born court painter (born 1599)source
  • 1669Pope Clement IX (born 1600)source
  • 1674Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon, English statesman and historian (born 1609)source
  • 1706King Peter II of Portugal, King of Portugal (born 1648)source
  • 1761Tarabai, Indian queen regent of the Maratha Empire (born 1675)source
  • 1761Tarabai, Queen of Maratha Empire. (born 1675)source
  • 1777Sir Charles Knowles, 1st Baronet, British Royal Navy officer (born c. 1704)source
  • 1851Ramón Freire (born 1851)source
  • 1854Almeida Garrett, writer, journalist, and politician (born 1799).source
  • 1870Alexander Kasimovich Kazembek, Russian orientalist, historian and philologist.source
  • 1898The first of the two Tsavo Man-Eaters is shot by John Henry Patterson; the second is killed 3 weeks later, after 135 railway construction workers have been killed by the lions.source
  • 1937Lilias Armstrong, British phonetician (born 1882)source
  • 1939WWII: The first soldier of the British Expeditionary Force is killed: Corporal Thomas Priday triggers a French land mine.source
  • 1954Charles Paglar, Eurasian community leader and Progressive Party Legislative Councillor for Changi Constituency (born 1894).source
  • 1988Operation Blue and Brown: A failed Israeli commando raid on a Palestinian base near Na'ameh, 10 km South of Beirut, in which the commanding officer was killed.source